Rebuilding the Shuttle's SRBs also included separating them back into separate sections and putting them into a press to bend them back into shape because the torque transmitted through the hold-down bolts in the skirts bent them out of shape. Before Challenger NASA changed the liftoff timing to hold the shuttle down for longer because the angular momentum was causing enough of a lateral shift at release for the Shuttle to hit launch structures which was breaking things. This resulted in an increase in torque applied to the SRBs bending them further out of shape. If you watch the video of the Shuttle prior to liftoff, you can *see* the entire structure bending.
In theory sections which required too much pressure to be bent back into shape were discarded but at some point they added another jack to force them into shape. I am sure those sections had nothing to do with what happened to Challenger.
TFA isn't about copyrighting public law either. It is about copyrighting ANNOTATIONS AND COMMENTARY. Fake news.
As has been pointed out many times, as far as the state of Georgia is concerned, the annotations and commentary *are* the law. When the Georgia legislature writes a Bill, they start it off with "an Act to amend the Official Code of Georgia Annotated" which is not just the statutory law as written; they are referring to the annotations and commentary also. Prosecutors and judges work with the "Official Code of Georgia Annotated" and there is no defense for not knowing it.
Apple File System is designed to avoid metadata corruption caused by system crashes. Instead of overwriting existing metadata records in place, it writes entirely new records, points to the new ones and then releases the old ones. This avoids a crash during an update resulting in a corrupted record containing partial old and partial new data. It also avoids having to write the change twice as happens with an existing HFS+ Journaled file system where changes are written first to the journal and then to the Catalog file.[3]
Still no checksum for user data like ext4. But it might help iPhones will sudden battery failure.
This by itself is not sufficient for NAND Flash storage as a lot of SSD manufacturers have discovered and then ignored. An interrupted write to NAND Flash do to power loss can result in corrupted data in *other* blocks. So battery failure leading to power loss can still result in NAND Flash corruption.
Has this even been a problem on Apple devices? I assumed they shutdown before actual power loss.
Yeah, that's one of the gaps. I'd love to see local news and weather without the commercials. Though, even Netflix couldn't do much about the news/weather people acting like idiots.:p
OTA (over the air) television is good for local news and weather and especially so during emergencies where internet access may be unreliable but of course it does have commercials.
It also wouldn't surprise me if netflix started up a sister company to cover and stream sports. More likely to partner with a company already in the biz though.
It would not surprise me if media companies that own ISPs and ISPs which own media companies interfered with Netflix serving their customers. Err, wait, hasn't that been happening?
Hollywood clearly have a stranglehold on the market, but the only output they can create is mindless, formulaic dross aimed at the lowest-common-denominator.
Hollywood also controls the political process allowing them to extract undeserved rents. Whatever progress Netflix has made can be wiped out by Congress at any time.
Intel devices have quirks, but I think you are mixing apples and oranges here. All modern filesystems systems have used larger alignments for ages. The only real issue was that the original *DOS* partition table offset the base of the slice the main filesystem was put on by a weird multiple of 512 bytes which was not even 4K aligned.
NTFS made the same mistake so it is hardly fair to pick on DOS for this behavior.
When this was first a thing, the Optane access times were a couple of orders of magnitude off RAM.
Optane access times are still too slow to replace DRAM.
While you *can* use faster storage in front of slower capacity storage as a cache, existing NAND is so cheap now that everything is migrating to flash.
Caching works, but it's complex and has overhead penalties, which is one reason why all flash storage has grown in popularity. The consumer wants one drive, not two, and even the enterprise wants speed and simplicity.
I'm curious what Intel's problem is.
Access times on Optane are such that these drives can support their maximum throughput at low queue depths unlike NAND Flash which requires a large number of queued transactions. In this respect, Optane requires *less* caching and buffering than NAND and apparently less processing in its translation tables. Is that enough? I do not know.
As a form of slow (but faster and lower latency than NAND Flash) non-volitile RAM (random access memory) in the traditional sense which NAND Flash is not and never will be, maybe that is enough if it is attached to a CPU's auxiliary memory bus instead of a host adapter bus like NAND Flash.
More and more memory will be moved on die also. 50 years from now, we'll probably just have a single die that is the computer..
No for two reasons:
1. Compare the amount of die area that the DRAM takes in a system with a reasonable amount of memory. It is way too much to be integrated with the CPU die. 2. High performance logic and bulk DRAM processes are different. Also operating the DRAM at the temperature of the CPU is a problem although acceptable in some cases.
The closest you may get is integrating the DRAM as part of a hybrid or multichip module however this will only work for systems with low memory requirements. GPUs are starting to go this way.
I believe that western civilization is in the process (if it hasn't already happened) of being taken over by the security apparatus, under the pretext of "protecting" us (in the same was as "devout muslims" "protect" their women by making them wear veils.
I like the term "ubiquitous surveillance and law enforcement".
I'm sure she is fully aware there are other apps not covered by UK laws. All that will happen is that it will become illegal to use those apps without back doors and anyone suspected of extremist views will eventually be checked to see if they are using them. If so, they will be arrested and charged before they plow through a crowd of people or whatever. It isn't a hard problem to solve.
These applications are already effectively unlawful in the UK. All they have to do is order the user to provide the ephemeral key used for a session.
They used to charge up to $14 per minute for collect phone calls until the FCC recently put a stop to it. Now, they're capped at no more than $1.75 for 15 minutes. Can you believe it? On a 15 min phone call, there is now a shortfall of $208.25
Prisons have come to depend on this extra income for their sludge funds. Now that the FCC took it away from them. They just need to start providing services on cheap devices that the FCC hasn't even thought to regulate for prison yet. This is the real story here.
The court blocked the FCC's rate cap and then the FCC gave up on it anyway.
What makes you think this spying was taking place in our backyard? The fact that the CIA was installing spyware doesn't mean that the CIA was installing spyware on the property of US citizens. (it doesn't mean they weren't, either -- but as a matter of law, they are not legally allowed to spy inside the US)
They were not suppose to be torturing people either but that did not stop them. So I guess it was legal. And I assume it is continuing. It was certainly been sanctioned with approval.
And now maybee we'll know why it's been so hard for Open Source developers to get information on writing their own against-the-metal drivers for telephony radios and startup modules (BIOS, EFI/UEFI, etc.)
It has long been suspected that was not just proprietary info-walling, but to reduce chances of discovery of backdoors and persistent threats imposed in the name of spying.
Maybe but the backdoor only has to be discovered or leaked once. I doubt this would matter for telecommunication providers who have immunity anyway and are known to be jerks but it would be a big deal for Intel or AMD.
It would be an awful risk for Intel to knowingly or unknowingly take. Like a forced security certificate, the secret would only have to leak once and the evidence would be in non-volatile memory for inspection.
More likely would be a compromise in Intel's hardware random number generator which leaves no evidence to be found but hey, why not both?
What's the problem with SpaceX getting government launch contracts? No, seriously. They're charging less than ULA and thus saving the government a ton of money. What's your huge problem with saving money and having the money that is spent go to a company that's focused on great things rather than some conglomerate of huge military-industrial giants?
Why would the government want to save this money? It is other people's money and they get to spend it for benefits to themselves. What is not for the government to like?
Actually despite my cynicism, there are some national security reasons to spend the money but I wish they would use them as justification instead of a phantom Mars or Moon objective. But the Shuttle was still a stupid idea.
Like the sticker note with the password on the bottom of the laptop. "I don't know the pw, it's on the bottom of the laptop." Police: "..." Unless of course they filmed the whole arrest and house visit.
The password is encoded using the serial numbers of the bills in the envelope which are in ascending order of value. What do you mean the $100s are missing?
Slashdot Mirror
Rebuilding the Shuttle's SRBs also included separating them back into separate sections and putting them into a press to bend them back into shape because the torque transmitted through the hold-down bolts in the skirts bent them out of shape. Before Challenger NASA changed the liftoff timing to hold the shuttle down for longer because the angular momentum was causing enough of a lateral shift at release for the Shuttle to hit launch structures which was breaking things. This resulted in an increase in torque applied to the SRBs bending them further out of shape. If you watch the video of the Shuttle prior to liftoff, you can *see* the entire structure bending.
In theory sections which required too much pressure to be bent back into shape were discarded but at some point they added another jack to force them into shape. I am sure those sections had nothing to do with what happened to Challenger.
TFA isn't about copyrighting public law either. It is about copyrighting ANNOTATIONS AND COMMENTARY. Fake news.
As has been pointed out many times, as far as the state of Georgia is concerned, the annotations and commentary *are* the law. When the Georgia legislature writes a Bill, they start it off with "an Act to amend the Official Code of Georgia Annotated" which is not just the statutory law as written; they are referring to the annotations and commentary also. Prosecutors and judges work with the "Official Code of Georgia Annotated" and there is no defense for not knowing it.
I do not need to worry about cache organization.
"Forward takes you out, out takes you back, back takes you in, and in takes you forward." - Larry Niven, The Integral Trees
Apple File System is designed to avoid metadata corruption caused by system crashes. Instead of overwriting existing metadata records in place, it writes entirely new records, points to the new ones and then releases the old ones. This avoids a crash during an update resulting in a corrupted record containing partial old and partial new data. It also avoids having to write the change twice as happens with an existing HFS+ Journaled file system where changes are written first to the journal and then to the Catalog file.[3]
Still no checksum for user data like ext4. But it might help iPhones will sudden battery failure.
This by itself is not sufficient for NAND Flash storage as a lot of SSD manufacturers have discovered and then ignored. An interrupted write to NAND Flash do to power loss can result in corrupted data in *other* blocks. So battery failure leading to power loss can still result in NAND Flash corruption.
Has this even been a problem on Apple devices? I assumed they shutdown before actual power loss.
Yeah, that's one of the gaps. I'd love to see local news and weather without the commercials. Though, even Netflix couldn't do much about the news/weather people acting like idiots. :p
OTA (over the air) television is good for local news and weather and especially so during emergencies where internet access may be unreliable but of course it does have commercials.
I know everyone wants to back the little guy, but Netflix is actually recreating the very monopolies we are trying to break-up
Last time I checked, Netflix was not capping my internet access and fining me when using other services.
It also wouldn't surprise me if netflix started up a sister company to cover and stream sports. More likely to partner with a company already in the biz though.
It would not surprise me if media companies that own ISPs and ISPs which own media companies interfered with Netflix serving their customers. Err, wait, hasn't that been happening?
Hollywood clearly have a stranglehold on the market, but the only output they can create is mindless, formulaic dross aimed at the lowest-common-denominator.
Hollywood also controls the political process allowing them to extract undeserved rents. Whatever progress Netflix has made can be wiped out by Congress at any time.
They should do a Firefly spinoff or actually do Firefly and then make it one of the most successful blockbuster shows in the 'verse.
And who owns the Firefly right now? 20th Century Fox TV? Yea, not going to happen; Fox will destroy it before they let that happen.
Intel devices have quirks, but I think you are mixing apples and oranges here. All modern filesystems systems have used larger alignments for ages. The only real issue was that the original *DOS* partition table offset the base of the slice the main filesystem was put on by a weird multiple of 512 bytes which was not even 4K aligned.
NTFS made the same mistake so it is hardly fair to pick on DOS for this behavior.
When this was first a thing, the Optane access times were a couple of orders of magnitude off RAM.
Optane access times are still too slow to replace DRAM.
While you *can* use faster storage in front of slower capacity storage as a cache, existing NAND is so cheap now that everything is migrating to flash.
Caching works, but it's complex and has overhead penalties, which is one reason why all flash storage has grown in popularity. The consumer wants one drive, not two, and even the enterprise wants speed and simplicity.
I'm curious what Intel's problem is.
Access times on Optane are such that these drives can support their maximum throughput at low queue depths unlike NAND Flash which requires a large number of queued transactions. In this respect, Optane requires *less* caching and buffering than NAND and apparently less processing in its translation tables. Is that enough? I do not know.
As a form of slow (but faster and lower latency than NAND Flash) non-volitile RAM (random access memory) in the traditional sense which NAND Flash is not and never will be, maybe that is enough if it is attached to a CPU's auxiliary memory bus instead of a host adapter bus like NAND Flash.
More and more memory will be moved on die also. 50 years from now, we'll probably just have a single die that is the computer..
No for two reasons:
1. Compare the amount of die area that the DRAM takes in a system with a reasonable amount of memory. It is way too much to be integrated with the CPU die.
2. High performance logic and bulk DRAM processes are different. Also operating the DRAM at the temperature of the CPU is a problem although acceptable in some cases.
The closest you may get is integrating the DRAM as part of a hybrid or multichip module however this will only work for systems with low memory requirements. GPUs are starting to go this way.
I believe that western civilization is in the process (if it hasn't already happened) of being taken over by the security apparatus, under the pretext of "protecting" us (in the same was as "devout muslims" "protect" their women by making them wear veils.
I like the term "ubiquitous surveillance and law enforcement".
And if a majority of all messages exchanged online in the world were encrypted? Would they arrest a majority of all the citizens of the world?
No, just the ones located in the UK's jurisdiction.
I'm sure she is fully aware there are other apps not covered by UK laws. All that will happen is that it will become illegal to use those apps without back doors and anyone suspected of extremist views will eventually be checked to see if they are using them. If so, they will be arrested and charged before they plow through a crowd of people or whatever. It isn't a hard problem to solve.
These applications are already effectively unlawful in the UK. All they have to do is order the user to provide the ephemeral key used for a session.
They used to charge up to $14 per minute for collect phone calls until the FCC recently put a stop to it. Now, they're capped at no more than $1.75 for 15 minutes. Can you believe it? On a 15 min phone call, there is now a shortfall of $208.25
Prisons have come to depend on this extra income for their sludge funds. Now that the FCC took it away from them. They just need to start providing services on cheap devices that the FCC hasn't even thought to regulate for prison yet. This is the real story here.
The court blocked the FCC's rate cap and then the FCC gave up on it anyway.
https://consumerist.com/2017/0...
I love how political types think that we just need to mandate using less power, ...
It worked for drugs and alcohol didn't it?
...if you're going to a protest, bring a burner phone. Bonus points if you set the wallpaper to goatse.
But that would be evidence that you planned ahead.
What makes you think this spying was taking place in our backyard? The fact that the CIA was installing spyware doesn't mean that the CIA was installing spyware on the property of US citizens. (it doesn't mean they weren't, either -- but as a matter of law, they are not legally allowed to spy inside the US)
They were not suppose to be torturing people either but that did not stop them. So I guess it was legal. And I assume it is continuing. It was certainly been sanctioned with approval.
And now maybee we'll know why it's been so hard for Open Source developers to get information on writing their own against-the-metal drivers for telephony radios and startup modules (BIOS, EFI/UEFI, etc.)
It has long been suspected that was not just proprietary info-walling, but to reduce chances of discovery of backdoors and persistent threats imposed in the name of spying.
Maybe but the backdoor only has to be discovered or leaked once. I doubt this would matter for telecommunication providers who have immunity anyway and are known to be jerks but it would be a big deal for Intel or AMD.
It would be an awful risk for Intel to knowingly or unknowingly take. Like a forced security certificate, the secret would only have to leak once and the evidence would be in non-volatile memory for inspection.
More likely would be a compromise in Intel's hardware random number generator which leaves no evidence to be found but hey, why not both?
What's the problem with SpaceX getting government launch contracts? No, seriously. They're charging less than ULA and thus saving the government a ton of money. What's your huge problem with saving money and having the money that is spent go to a company that's focused on great things rather than some conglomerate of huge military-industrial giants?
Why would the government want to save this money? It is other people's money and they get to spend it for benefits to themselves. What is not for the government to like?
Actually despite my cynicism, there are some national security reasons to spend the money but I wish they would use them as justification instead of a phantom Mars or Moon objective. But the Shuttle was still a stupid idea.
Like the sticker note with the password on the bottom of the laptop.
"I don't know the pw, it's on the bottom of the laptop."
Police: "..." Unless of course they filmed the whole arrest and house visit.
The password is encoded using the serial numbers of the bills in the envelope which are in ascending order of value. What do you mean the $100s are missing?
I expect that the 75kWh battery constrained to 60kWh max discharge lasts a lot longer that way
Maybe they add code to make sure they last the same amount of time or when set to 60kWh, the battery does not last as long.