Over the last 500 million years or so, the number of species on Earth has tended to dip regularly about every 62 million years. The last time this happened, about 55 million years ago--or about 10 million years after the great K-T extinction event that wiped out the dinosaurs--biodiversity sank by about 10%; around 115 million years ago, it dropped by a similar amount.
7. Present day -- the Holocene extinction event. 70% of biologists view the present era as part of a mass extinction event, possibly one of the fastest ever, according to a 1998 survey by the American Museum of Natural History.
We can't blame this one on the Sun's distant future interaction with the Galactic Ecliptic. We've been working for this one pretty hard ourselves already.
I insult you for my own amusement. The fact that you're a gay masochist and like it too doesn't ruin my fun doing it. It is you who are controlled by your obsession with me. I insult you for sport.
Tell me what this has to do with IBM supercomputers, or admit that you're obsessed with me having sex with you.
All this shows is that you're obsessed with me. You're like a stalker caught in the headlights.
What a sick freak you are. Now go say I'm calling you a sick freak because you're gay. When the reason is that you're gay for me, though I've turned you down so many times.
Alabama-Birmingham and other universities that previously couldn't afford such advanced technology are using supercomputers to cure diseases at the protein level
Does anyone have any examples of specific diseases that Alabama-Birmingham, or any other university, have actuallycured "at the protein level" using these BlueGene supercomputers?
Not just doing research that will "eventually contribute to treatments". I want to hear which diseases have these BlueGene supercomputers being pimped in this Slashdot story actually already cured.
No, concentrators can be made with all the optical absorbance characteristics of the actual cells, but cheaper. Optics says they are proxies for the collector. The only problem is making them closest to perfectly reflective/transmissive (100% efficient), even as dust accumulates. But otherwise there is no limit on concentrators that doesn't also apply to the cells. Except that concentrators are cheaper.
And how about tech and biz processes to destroy all those archives once they're expired?
The US has gone in the opposite direction of the rest of the modern world, requiring data retention by business, healthcare, telecom (but, not ironically, by government). The rest of the world has data retention laws and practices requiring data be destroyed once the original transaction dependent on it has completed, and after any reasonable auditing latency has expired. These archives are piling up. Not only is storing them a waste of space (virtual and physical) and tracking them adding complexity to management. They are also the stuff that privacy invasion is made of.
If the IT industry ensures that archive expiration and data "termination" is always part of the process, built into software and business processes to extend "archive/restore" into "archive/restore/delete", we will make our jobs easier. And we will make protecting our privacy that much easier.
Ah, but as you point out, that heat can be recaptured.
I didn't say there's no upper limit to concentration multipliers; I just quoted the summary's "20x". So I assume 20KW:m^2 doesn't damage the system, but rather drives it to higher efficiencies.
I wonder what kind of mechanism could get maximum efficiency at really high concentrations, driving the collector material to its Gibbs Free Energy threshold, and actually driving all the electrons into an anode or something.
Concentration of a larger solar input area onto a smaller solar cell is nearly always better than straight 1:1 reception. The efficiency goes up with these materials, which of course is good.
But also the concentrators are a lot cheaper than the cells. The concentrator is usually a cheap (compared to the cell) lens or mirror. So a 20x concentrator gets 20x the input energy, but for a much lower cost than 20 cells. And that cell is operating at higher efficiency, on 20x the input. So a $10 cell fed by 20 $5 concentrators costs only $110 instead of $200. 5% more efficiency in the cell is applied to all 20 concentrators, not just the 1 cell, for 200% efficiency. So it's double the efficiency at 55% the price, or over 3.6x the $:energy efficiency. In reality, the concentrators are better than 5x cheaper, and the efficiency gains can go higher than 5% greater.
And then there's all the savings from cheaper replacement concentrators, which could even last longer than the cells (though the cells typically last >30 years), and dropping all the other HW from the 19 (or however many) extra cells in favor of "dumb" concentrators. In fact, since concentrators are so cheap, the cells might not require HW to track the Sun for maximum absorbtion, but just array the concentrators in an arc (or bubble) that always leaves an array of concentrators facing the Sun (and the rest off-axis), without consuming energy to move. Or extra parts, or computing, and saving all the maintenance costs, too.
So the more concentration, the better. After all, that's how the engineers thought up this stuff.
I had been watching L4 for several years until about 2005, but it developed too slow.
March 2007
TUD:OS/DROPS available via SVN
The repository has been migrated to SVN.
19 Oct 2005
L4.Sec Reference Manual available
The first draft of the L4.Sec Microkernel Reference Manual has been made available. Please refer to the L4.Sec site.
All they've announced in over a year and half is migrate the repo to SVN. I was right to stop watching their paint dry.
Now, a microkernel Linux with userspace modules that runs Linux apps would be good, and develop much faster. But since Linux apps call syscalls, which the kernel would have to accept even as just a proxy API to userspace kernels, and that swapping would ruin any performance gains, such an architecture is probably merely academic.
Not necessarily. There is a case that VM must be mediated by a privileged OS, or the memory spaces aren't really separate. But the IPC itself can be in userspace. Consider how much already is: shared text config files. Databases. Network sockets, except for the access to HW. Why can't a userspace process accept messages from processes addressed to other processes subscribed to the daemon? Even secure IPC can be in userspace, with app-signed tokens.
That's silly. Corporations are chartered by the government, but they obviously operate independently - they are not part of the government. It's the (lacking) independence of the government from people outside it, but inside corporations, that is the problem.
It's like you're saying that the VA Tech shooter, with their gun license, was a "government assassin", or my pizza delivery guy is a "government courier" because he's got a driver's license.
Almost. Minix includes a memory manager in the microkernel, which a nanokernel would treat as just another driver API. But it's close enough.
I see there's a Minix 3.0. Is there any possibility of stripping Linux 2.6.x into processes that could call the Minix 3.0 kernel? Is anyone working on that way of making "Linux apps run on Minix"?
Thanks for demonstrating the Republican attitude towards corruption. If there are a dozen Democrats stealing staplers from City Hall, then the Democratic Party is just as bad as Republicans robbing $BILLIONS, lying us into war, rigging elections by millions of people, turning the Justice Department into a wing of the Republican Party.
Libertarian? You're a corporate anarchist. Too exciting for me. Or worse, a political pure idealist, totally boring. But clearly you don't understand how government or politics work, except in some virtual mindgame.
That's what a kernel is, but not the Linux kernel. Linux is a monolithic kernel, including all kinds of stuff that isn't the scheduler, isn't the driver API (or just the drivers too). That's why Torvalds correctly said that the scheduler is a tiny part of the kernel.
If customizing Linux to the specs I mentioned were so easy as downloading source and compiling (you skipped the hard part, factoring and looping back the extra codepaths), then all the distros that try it (probably starting with the "Linux on a - 1.44MB - floppy" ones in the mid 1990s) would be trivial. But they're not.
FWIW, while I don't want to swap out my ALU HW, many recent advances in CPU take exactly that approach, like the Cell sacrificing CLU die space for extra ALUs and parallelizing HW. In point of fact, one reason I'd like a nanokernel would be to run on something like the Cell with embedded (or just Tbps-bus-bridged) FPGA. Linux's current architecture is far from serving that architecture.
Schedulers are actually not at all that important in the end: they are a very very small detail in the kernel - Torvalds Actually, I'd like to see the OS kernel consist entirely of only the scheduler and the thinnest APIs to secure drivers granting access to the HW. Everything else, including IPC, could be in userspace.
That would make distributing the OS a lot easier. And the simplicity could be a lot easier to secure, to develop for, to customize a deployment for minimum HW (like eg. a "self-winding" 10mW Bluetooth ring with "accessory" features). Practically every device could run the same "OS", with modules bolted on for increased functionality on heavier HW.
I didn't say there were no criminal Democrats. I said the magnitude of Republican criminal conspiracies is much bigger than that of Democrats. Even though Republicans have been running a witch hunt out of the DoJ to damage Democratic campaigns during the 6 years Republicans controlled the DC power monopoly.
For real meaning, compare the nature of the crimes. The Democrats you mentioned stole a few $million, maybe, slashed some tires. I mean, come on - you've padded your list with a guy who took $500 for his anonymous single vote in a Democratic primary. You're comparing that to Attorney General Alberto Gonzales?
Please be reasonable, or just admit that you're a Republican calling yourself "Libertarian" because even the "Conservative" brand has been ruined by the Republican crime wave.
Anonymous sockpuppet Coward is so homophobic that he can't admit this entire stupid flamewar is about SIIHP's insatiable desire for me to fuck him. As SIIHP reports not just in every post in this thread, but in every post in his.sig. Never before has "fucktard" been so appropriate a name to call a gang of Slashdot flamers like you two.
Haha, Anonymous sockpuppet Coward wants a gangbang. Why don't you work something out with your other hand, SIIHP? You weirdo("s") should leave me out of it. You're the gay daydreamers, not me.
I hope Paternoster's lawyers force the judge and the RIAA to go on record as violating evidence rules, and show damages for those porno files that are not evidence of any crime.
The RIAA, and any other complainant (like you or me, if we file a complaint) has to identify the "stolen" property in specific detail, and the police must seize only that property under a specific court order.
The police state tyranny of extorting suspects by confiscating all their property they need to live and work was already in violation of our rights protected by the Fourth Amendment. Corporations using the police as a mercenary army is fascism: government by, for, but not of, corporations. Using coercion and intimidation as the fear to enforce corporate government "discipline".
Slashdot Mirror
But we're already in possibly the biggest extinction event on record:
We can't blame this one on the Sun's distant future interaction with the Galactic Ecliptic. We've been working for this one pretty hard ourselves already.
What a wacko you are, SIIHP, to post your demented gay fantasies, then follow up with an AC sockpuppet post repeating them.
I insult you for my own amusement. The fact that you're a gay masochist and like it too doesn't ruin my fun doing it. It is you who are controlled by your obsession with me. I insult you for sport.
Tell me what this has to do with IBM supercomputers, or admit that you're obsessed with me having sex with you.
All this shows is that you're obsessed with me. You're like a stalker caught in the headlights.
What a sick freak you are. Now go say I'm calling you a sick freak because you're gay. When the reason is that you're gay for me, though I've turned you down so many times.
Does anyone have any examples of specific diseases that Alabama-Birmingham, or any other university, have actually cured "at the protein level" using these BlueGene supercomputers?
Not just doing research that will "eventually contribute to treatments". I want to hear which diseases have these BlueGene supercomputers being pimped in this Slashdot story actually already cured.
No, concentrators can be made with all the optical absorbance characteristics of the actual cells, but cheaper. Optics says they are proxies for the collector. The only problem is making them closest to perfectly reflective/transmissive (100% efficient), even as dust accumulates. But otherwise there is no limit on concentrators that doesn't also apply to the cells. Except that concentrators are cheaper.
And how about tech and biz processes to destroy all those archives once they're expired?
The US has gone in the opposite direction of the rest of the modern world, requiring data retention by business, healthcare, telecom (but, not ironically, by government). The rest of the world has data retention laws and practices requiring data be destroyed once the original transaction dependent on it has completed, and after any reasonable auditing latency has expired. These archives are piling up. Not only is storing them a waste of space (virtual and physical) and tracking them adding complexity to management. They are also the stuff that privacy invasion is made of.
If the IT industry ensures that archive expiration and data "termination" is always part of the process, built into software and business processes to extend "archive/restore" into "archive/restore/delete", we will make our jobs easier. And we will make protecting our privacy that much easier.
Ah, but as you point out, that heat can be recaptured.
I didn't say there's no upper limit to concentration multipliers; I just quoted the summary's "20x". So I assume 20KW:m^2 doesn't damage the system, but rather drives it to higher efficiencies.
I wonder what kind of mechanism could get maximum efficiency at really high concentrations, driving the collector material to its Gibbs Free Energy threshold, and actually driving all the electrons into an anode or something.
Concentration of a larger solar input area onto a smaller solar cell is nearly always better than straight 1:1 reception. The efficiency goes up with these materials, which of course is good.
But also the concentrators are a lot cheaper than the cells. The concentrator is usually a cheap (compared to the cell) lens or mirror. So a 20x concentrator gets 20x the input energy, but for a much lower cost than 20 cells. And that cell is operating at higher efficiency, on 20x the input. So a $10 cell fed by 20 $5 concentrators costs only $110 instead of $200. 5% more efficiency in the cell is applied to all 20 concentrators, not just the 1 cell, for 200% efficiency. So it's double the efficiency at 55% the price, or over 3.6x the $:energy efficiency. In reality, the concentrators are better than 5x cheaper, and the efficiency gains can go higher than 5% greater.
And then there's all the savings from cheaper replacement concentrators, which could even last longer than the cells (though the cells typically last >30 years), and dropping all the other HW from the 19 (or however many) extra cells in favor of "dumb" concentrators. In fact, since concentrators are so cheap, the cells might not require HW to track the Sun for maximum absorbtion, but just array the concentrators in an arc (or bubble) that always leaves an array of concentrators facing the Sun (and the rest off-axis), without consuming energy to move. Or extra parts, or computing, and saving all the maintenance costs, too.
So the more concentration, the better. After all, that's how the engineers thought up this stuff.
All they've announced in over a year and half is migrate the repo to SVN. I was right to stop watching their paint dry.
Now, a microkernel Linux with userspace modules that runs Linux apps would be good, and develop much faster. But since Linux apps call syscalls, which the kernel would have to accept even as just a proxy API to userspace kernels, and that swapping would ruin any performance gains, such an architecture is probably merely academic.
AT&T takes less time to go from "split up" back to "monopoly" than it takes to make a Star Wars trilogy.
Not necessarily. There is a case that VM must be mediated by a privileged OS, or the memory spaces aren't really separate. But the IPC itself can be in userspace. Consider how much already is: shared text config files. Databases. Network sockets, except for the access to HW. Why can't a userspace process accept messages from processes addressed to other processes subscribed to the daemon? Even secure IPC can be in userspace, with app-signed tokens.
That's silly. Corporations are chartered by the government, but they obviously operate independently - they are not part of the government. It's the (lacking) independence of the government from people outside it, but inside corporations, that is the problem.
It's like you're saying that the VA Tech shooter, with their gun license, was a "government assassin", or my pizza delivery guy is a "government courier" because he's got a driver's license.
Almost. Minix includes a memory manager in the microkernel, which a nanokernel would treat as just another driver API. But it's close enough.
I see there's a Minix 3.0. Is there any possibility of stripping Linux 2.6.x into processes that could call the Minix 3.0 kernel? Is anyone working on that way of making "Linux apps run on Minix"?
Thanks for demonstrating the Republican attitude towards corruption. If there are a dozen Democrats stealing staplers from City Hall, then the Democratic Party is just as bad as Republicans robbing $BILLIONS, lying us into war, rigging elections by millions of people, turning the Justice Department into a wing of the Republican Party.
Libertarian? You're a corporate anarchist. Too exciting for me. Or worse, a political pure idealist, totally boring. But clearly you don't understand how government or politics work, except in some virtual mindgame.
That's what a kernel is, but not the Linux kernel. Linux is a monolithic kernel, including all kinds of stuff that isn't the scheduler, isn't the driver API (or just the drivers too). That's why Torvalds correctly said that the scheduler is a tiny part of the kernel.
If customizing Linux to the specs I mentioned were so easy as downloading source and compiling (you skipped the hard part, factoring and looping back the extra codepaths), then all the distros that try it (probably starting with the "Linux on a - 1.44MB - floppy" ones in the mid 1990s) would be trivial. But they're not.
FWIW, while I don't want to swap out my ALU HW, many recent advances in CPU take exactly that approach, like the Cell sacrificing CLU die space for extra ALUs and parallelizing HW. In point of fact, one reason I'd like a nanokernel would be to run on something like the Cell with embedded (or just Tbps-bus-bridged) FPGA. Linux's current architecture is far from serving that architecture.
Schedulers are actually not at all that important in the end: they are a very very small detail in the kernel - Torvalds
Actually, I'd like to see the OS kernel consist entirely of only the scheduler and the thinnest APIs to secure drivers granting access to the HW. Everything else, including IPC, could be in userspace.
That would make distributing the OS a lot easier. And the simplicity could be a lot easier to secure, to develop for, to customize a deployment for minimum HW (like eg. a "self-winding" 10mW Bluetooth ring with "accessory" features). Practically every device could run the same "OS", with modules bolted on for increased functionality on heavier HW.
I didn't say there were no criminal Democrats. I said the magnitude of Republican criminal conspiracies is much bigger than that of Democrats. Even though Republicans have been running a witch hunt out of the DoJ to damage Democratic campaigns during the 6 years Republicans controlled the DC power monopoly.
I see you list, and I raise you just (a subset of) the Abramoff list plus the Ohio Republicans exposed as corrupt in just 2006 alone - though the Abramoff conspiracies are bigger than all that you've named. I could swamp your Democrats list some more just by invoking Ernie Fletcher's Kentucky conspiracy. And of course the Stevens corruption, also already connected to other Alaska Republicans, is just starting its own list.
For real meaning, compare the nature of the crimes. The Democrats you mentioned stole a few $million, maybe, slashed some tires. I mean, come on - you've padded your list with a guy who took $500 for his anonymous single vote in a Democratic primary. You're comparing that to Attorney General Alberto Gonzales?
Please be reasonable, or just admit that you're a Republican calling yourself "Libertarian" because even the "Conservative" brand has been ruined by the Republican crime wave.
Anonymous sockpuppet Coward is so homophobic that he can't admit this entire stupid flamewar is about SIIHP's insatiable desire for me to fuck him. As SIIHP reports not just in every post in this thread, but in every post in his .sig. Never before has "fucktard" been so appropriate a name to call a gang of Slashdot flamers like you two.
Haha, Anonymous sockpuppet Coward wants a gangbang. Why don't you work something out with your other hand, SIIHP? You weirdo("s") should leave me out of it. You're the gay daydreamers, not me.
Dragging your incest fantasies into your gay stalking doesn't make me want to have sex with you.
You're really a sad lunatic. But at least I'm keeping you off the street so you don't rape your father.
Insane troll stalks me on Slashdot because I refuse to have sex with him.
Good point. If you publish your porn collection, you can't be defamed by further publication, even by a hostile party.
Anonymous Republican Coward doesn't know that 0.1 < 1 + 5 + 2 + 1 . Redundican.
I hope Paternoster's lawyers force the judge and the RIAA to go on record as violating evidence rules, and show damages for those porno files that are not evidence of any crime.
The RIAA, and any other complainant (like you or me, if we file a complaint) has to identify the "stolen" property in specific detail, and the police must seize only that property under a specific court order.
The police state tyranny of extorting suspects by confiscating all their property they need to live and work was already in violation of our rights protected by the Fourth Amendment. Corporations using the police as a mercenary army is fascism: government by, for, but not of, corporations. Using coercion and intimidation as the fear to enforce corporate government "discipline".