6. If you want to do a simple round-trip from BOS to LAX in two weeks, coming back in three, willing to entertain a 24 hour departure window for both parts, then limiting to "reasonable" routes (at most 3 flights and at most 10 hours or so) you have about 5,000 ways to get there and 5,000 ways to get back. Listing them is a mostly trivial graph-search (there are a few minor complications, but not many), that anybody could do in a fraction of a second.
7. The real challenge is that a single fixed itinerary (a fixed set of flights from BOS to LAX and a fixed set back) with only two flights in each direction may have more than 10,000 possible combinations of applicable "fares", each fare with complex restrictions that must be checked against the flights and the other fares. That means that the search space for this simple trip is of the order 5000 x 5000 x 10000, and a naive program would need to do a _lot_ of computation just to validate each of these possibilities. Suitably formalized, its not even clear that the problem of finding the cheapest flight is NP-complete, since it is difficult to put a bound on the size of the solution that will result in the cheapest price. If you're willing to dispense with restrictions on the energy in the universe, then it is actually possible to formalize the cheapest-price problem in a not-too-unreasonable way that leads to a proof of undecidability by reduction to the Post correspondance problem:-).
So it seems that your assumption that "Fares just aren't that complex. It's a straightforward directed graph." is in error. Remember that this work used to require dedicated intelligence (i.e. a travel agent) who was at a serious disadvantage in terms of fare data.
Actually, given a strong signal, analogue is better. Digital TV is compressed with a lossy algorithm, which always leads to some deterioration in picture quality.
Because I'd much rather have 300,000 "uncompressed" pixels than 900,000 "compressed" ones...
I had always asked for more advanced work to expose myself to what was coming up, and to see if I could learn it. I was scorned for not behaving like the rest of the kids and not coloring in the plants that were printed onto the edges of my spelling test. I'm a bit older than you, but that kind of crap happened in my school too. My dad is also a bit older than you, and that kind of crap happened in his school too. Since its inception, public schooling has always had a strong mission of social conditioning.
To rant some more... My generation consists of people who were brainwashed to believe any disruption of environment is evil, and socialism is the cure to all societal/governmental/economical ills. Sure, it'd be much better to have our rivers catching on fire and our utilities run by multinational corporations...
It sucks. Luckily, that school system failed me. I came out with the ability to rationalize You keep using that word. I do not think it means what you think it means.
Fine then. Scala compiles to Java, as does Kawa and Jython. The point is they claim "uniqueness," when it is not unique in any way except their own hype.
Mostly the fact that it's a lie? Javascript Rhino has been around for quite some time, to say nothing of BeanShell et al.
Re:Slashvertizing in Action
on
Groovy in Action
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· Score: 2, Insightful
This type of aggrandizement and posturing is typical of the Groovy community. See a recently derailed EclipseZone thread. Some sample Groovy-speak:
Groovy is unique in its ability to integrate with Java at the syntax, object model and API level.
Vague platitudes and drivel. Meanwhile they can't even get a simple definition of "closure" right, to say nothing of a parser that doesn't make Perl's interpreter look like a Scheme reference implementation.
That's a pretty awesome trick you pulled, telling a lie as if it were informative and true. You definitely need a raise and promotion.
And just in case you don't get it, confirming the validity of the voter purge list was never done at the state level, and was impossible to do at the local level (no funding).
All counties were handed a purge list. Since it is illegal to knowingly permit Florida felons to vote, and since such a purge list arguably counts as sufficient information, county officials were faced with the choice of ignoring the list in whole or in part (thus facing censure, prosecution, or political fallout), or using the entire purge list.
It's not particularly amazing what you can get people to do when you point a loaded weapon at them, so the Republican operatives don't deserve a raise.
Seriously, you folks who are so infatuated with ad-hoc halfassed hierarchical databases (sorry, "persistent object models") should take your own damn advice about "reinventing the wheel" and try using relational database management systems.
WTF? Read the transcript of Dean's talk. For comprehension this time. Where does he say he would "require everyone to carry a national ID card?" STATES must lead... STATES must protect the rights of their citizens... and it is the responsibility of those of us with technical knowhow to balance security and privacy concerns where computers are concerned.
HELLO???? "The man is clueless?" Methinks you protest too much.
Heh, thanks moderator, for clarifying that "OT" indeed means Offtopic. Of course, the paper has no substance to comment on -- it's a rehash of what has been said for months.
The issue is that Kucinich, an avowed Catholic, has voted against NARAL's and NOW's preferred positions numerous times as a Congressman. Personally I'd like to hear about his rationale for the flip-flop -- it looks like he's just courting votes for the Democratic primary.
Haskell also casts integers to floats automatically. This is common in most languages.
This is not a typecast. Both Integer and Float are members of the Num type class, and (+) is an operation defined over the Num type class. This is much closer to what really happens in mathematics, where addition is understood to apply to reals (which include integers). For more information, see the Haskell Standard Prelude.
The short version is that there isn't one (+):: Integer -> Integer -> Integer and one (+):: Float -> Float -> Float, but rather a single (+):: Num a => a -> a -> a. It is manifestly never possible to have a type error in this situation, so Haskell is still strongly typed.
Python and Java are two examples of languages that meet this criteria. They detect type errors either at compile time (in the Java-without-casting case) or at runtime (in the Python or the Java-with-casting case).
Since both Java and Python support type coercion, it is not the case that for any given Java or Python program, type errors will always be detected -- namely, in programs where coercion is used, the guarantee no longer holds. Pedantic, yes, but that's what the definition states. This is why I am in favor of a more pragmatic understanding of strong and weak typing.:)
GvR: In a strongly typed language, when you change to a different data structure, you will likely have to change the argument and return types of many methods that just pass these things on. You may also have to change the number of arguments, because suddenly you pass the information as two or three parts instead of one. In Python, if you change the type of something, most likely pieces of code that only pass that something around and don't use it directly don't have to change at all.
Now you might be splitting hairs and saying that "static" means known at compile time and "strong" means type errors are always detected, but in common parlance "strong typing" includes static typing. For the pedants, there's Sebesta:
...we define a programming language to be strongly typed if type errors are always detected. This requires that the types of all operands can be determined, either at compile time or at run time.
This criterion is met by very few real-world languages. Most imperative and object-oriented languages include type coercion which contradicts this property. It is interesting to note that future Python development is moving towards still stronger typing -- and, dare I say it -- functional-style constructs.
Of course, the pragmatic thing to do is to understand strong/weak typing not as binary, but as a continuum. In this case, Haskell is more strongly typed than Ada is more strongly typed than Python is more strongly typed than C++ is more strongly typed than C is more strongly typed than FORTRAN. It looks like Python 3.0 will be moving up the chain, however.
By the twisted reasoning I'm seeing posted here, I should view the guy I saw selling DVDs of "Finding Nemo" and "The Matrix Reloaded" in the NYC subway last week as a noble hero fighting the scourge of the RIAA.
Change "selling" to "giving away" and you've described both what's actually going on, and what's been admired by people for centuries. Robin Hood stole from the rich and gave to the poor, and many people laud the notion. Others, of course, do not...
There are some problems where a recursive solution seems the obvious way to go, but it can bite you in the ass if you're not up to speed on (for instance) program complexity or other matters.
(Before the assignment was due, the instructor suggested switching to an iterative approach, which was of linear complexity instead of exponential complexity.)
Of course, this wouldn't have been a problem had you been using a language where tail recursion is optimized away by the compiler. This would include most decent functional language compilers.
SIMD is really bloody fast if you use it. And Apple does. Heavily. Would you want to rewrite OSX, significantly slowing it down, to create an altivecless version?... Apple has gone through two major transtions: 68k->PPC, Mac OS Kernel->BSD kernel. Another rewrite requiring transition is possible, but over something this small? That seems unlikely. And I bet users would be THRILLED when some apps just stop working.
Er... OS X doesn't need to be rewritten. It runs on Altivec-less G3s, and probably will continue to do so for a very long time.
1) The name Hillary has serious connotations to it. I immediately think of annoying, overzealous, stuck-up bitches like Ms. Clinton and Ms. Rosen.
Hillary Clinton as an "overzealous, stuck-up bitch" is only the image put forth by certain segments of the biasedrightwingmedia. It amazes me that people like Elizabeth Dole, Nancy Reagan, and Ann Coulter have largely escaped this characterization, when they so richly deserve it.
Slashdot Mirror
So it seems that your assumption that "Fares just aren't that complex. It's a straightforward directed graph." is in error. Remember that this work used to require dedicated intelligence (i.e. a travel agent) who was at a serious disadvantage in terms of fare data.
Because I'd much rather have 300,000 "uncompressed" pixels than 900,000 "compressed" ones...
Groovy is no more like Java than are Scala and Jython. Of course you already admitted that you don't know Groovy, and hence don't know this.
Fine then. Scala compiles to Java, as does Kawa and Jython. The point is they claim "uniqueness," when it is not unique in any way except their own hype.
Mostly the fact that it's a lie? Javascript Rhino has been around for quite some time, to say nothing of BeanShell et al.
Vague platitudes and drivel. Meanwhile they can't even get a simple definition of "closure" right, to say nothing of a parser that doesn't make Perl's interpreter look like a Scheme reference implementation.
He had fewer votes than Gore did in Florida. See the unbiased research done months after the election. But then, who's counting? Certainly no one who thinks that votes should determine the political leadership.
Done.
That's a pretty awesome trick you pulled, telling a lie as if it were informative and true. You definitely need a raise and promotion.
And just in case you don't get it, confirming the validity of the voter purge list was never done at the state level, and was impossible to do at the local level (no funding).
All counties were handed a purge list. Since it is illegal to knowingly permit Florida felons to vote, and since such a purge list arguably counts as sufficient information, county officials were faced with the choice of ignoring the list in whole or in part (thus facing censure, prosecution, or political fallout), or using the entire purge list.
It's not particularly amazing what you can get people to do when you point a loaded weapon at them, so the Republican operatives don't deserve a raise.
HA HA HA HA HA HA HA HA HA.
Prove that ridiculous supposition, or STFU.
But you repeat yourself!
Seriously, you folks who are so infatuated with ad-hoc halfassed hierarchical databases (sorry, "persistent object models") should take your own damn advice about "reinventing the wheel" and try using relational database management systems.
WTF? Read the transcript of Dean's talk. For comprehension this time. Where does he say he would "require everyone to carry a national ID card?" STATES must lead... STATES must protect the rights of their citizens... and it is the responsibility of those of us with technical knowhow to balance security and privacy concerns where computers are concerned. HELLO???? "The man is clueless?" Methinks you protest too much.
Fuck you. Show me shoes that are manufactured in the USA and I will buy them. Otherwise, shut the hell up.
Heh, thanks moderator, for clarifying that "OT" indeed means Offtopic. Of course, the paper has no substance to comment on -- it's a rehash of what has been said for months.
Stop Using Palatino
Of course, this looks like it was set in LaTeX so it's probably using URW's Palladio knockoff anyway.
The issue is that Kucinich, an avowed Catholic, has voted against NARAL's and NOW's preferred positions numerous times as a Congressman. Personally I'd like to hear about his rationale for the flip-flop -- it looks like he's just courting votes for the Democratic primary.
Since both Java and Python support type coercion, it is not the case that for any given Java or Python program, type errors will always be detected -- namely, in programs where coercion is used, the guarantee no longer holds. Pedantic, yes, but that's what the definition states. This is why I am in favor of a more pragmatic understanding of strong and weak typing. :)
Guido seems to disagree.
Now you might be splitting hairs and saying that "static" means known at compile time and "strong" means type errors are always detected, but in common parlance "strong typing" includes static typing. For the pedants, there's Sebesta:
This criterion is met by very few real-world languages. Most imperative and object-oriented languages include type coercion which contradicts this property. It is interesting to note that future Python development is moving towards still stronger typing -- and, dare I say it -- functional-style constructs.
Of course, the pragmatic thing to do is to understand strong/weak typing not as binary, but as a continuum. In this case, Haskell is more strongly typed than Ada is more strongly typed than Python is more strongly typed than C++ is more strongly typed than C is more strongly typed than FORTRAN. It looks like Python 3.0 will be moving up the chain, however.
Change "selling" to "giving away" and you've described both what's actually going on, and what's been admired by people for centuries. Robin Hood stole from the rich and gave to the poor, and many people laud the notion. Others, of course, do not...
Of course, this wouldn't have been a problem had you been using a language where tail recursion is optimized away by the compiler. This would include most decent functional language compilers.
Er ... OS X doesn't need to be rewritten. It runs on Altivec-less G3s, and probably will continue to do so for a very long time.
Well, aside from a hot thirtysomething front(wo)man, there's always Garbage...
Hillary Clinton as an "overzealous, stuck-up bitch" is only the image put forth by certain segments of the biasedrightwingmedia. It amazes me that people like Elizabeth Dole, Nancy Reagan, and Ann Coulter have largely escaped this characterization, when they so richly deserve it.