Well, actually #3 isn't a safe assumption. The gravity wells of the two planets are very different, it is MUCH harder for an earth rock to land on mars. That said, the probability is not zero. It's just much less likely than finding Martian rocks here.
there's no proof, but we dont have the seismic monitors in place on the ground that could detect magma chamber shifts and the like. We've only been able to look for BIG changes. Little ones might go unnoticed. Mars is a big mystery still, there's just not enough direct observation being made to say anything for sure.
I think this explanation, based on evidence, is equally as likely as the non-bio explanation, the lava tube one. However, Mars is thought to be relatively geologically dead, so an active lava tube this close to the surface (close enough to vent ammonia) would seem unlikely to have avoided detection by now. So a deeper, more sedentary lava bulge, warming the rock and allowing anaerobic microbes to survive of the heat seems to me to be an equally likely proposition. EITHER discovery would be fantastic.
I have heard of it. I never meant to characterize the US population as zero, but only to point out that as a marketing component, boylove themes are much more common for female audiences than here in the US. I think its growing here, but its still nowhere near the popularity level of Japan, and I would be surprised if it approached that kind of popularity anytime soon in the US.
well i guarantee you its not as big as Japan. Sizable number is a vague statement. I agree its definitely a non-zero number (I've known a few gals myself who are into it) but I don't think its anywhere near the size of the Japanese contingent, by any metric you can think of.
--% of females age x to y --% of females who play, or are interested in playing, games --% of gaming community
--on and on.
Is the community growing? Yes! I've seen it grow a lot in the past 5 years especially -- but I'd still consider it a VERY underground segment of the gaming, anime, and manga communities in the US.
Of course, its normal and common over there, so of course they dont make a big deal about it. Here, its not like that. Once a big deal is made, it will be normal and not a big deal after. Just look at civil rights for a historical context. A big deal was made when women fought for, and won, the right to vote for the first time. Now, its not a big deal, its normal for women to vote. What would be a big deal is if you say, lowered the voting age to 16 or something like that.
And anyway, now that I think about it, why shouldn't it be an event? Imagine you're a certain type of person that has never, or almost never, seen a positive representation of yourself in popular media. Why shouldn't you be excited that now there is?
Or St Patricks Day parades for the Irish? Or maybe you'd like to tell African-Americans not to have Black History Month Parades or Civil Rights marches because they shouldn't make an event out of trying to prove they're just like everyone else.
Hey I totally agree with you, but its just not going to happen until EVERYONE sees [group x] as just regular people too.
I'd only buy the game because its good, not because of its social value (if the game was crap, but had a [group x] character, you're right, so what?) but when a game is good and it treats the character of [group x] just like any other character, mission accomplished in my mind.
In an american context you're right, but in Japan, homosexual male relationships do indeed entice female players. Just look at anime and manga geared towards the femenine audience, almost all will have pretty-boy characters, many of them engaged in at the very least flirtatious behavior with other male characters. I agree that's unlikely to draw American females, but in Japan its a proven tactic.
rats don't respect quarantines, but depending on how a quarantine is carried out, it might also keep the rats out too. If that's the most convincing argument though, that's pretty sad. I'm not even sure what that "most convincing" item means...if it wasn't plague, quarantine works, but if it was plague, quarantine shouldn't have worked because rats dont respect it? A little sketchy, since it technically wasn't even the rats, it was the fleas. Also, early on in plague outbreak most of the rats will die, thinning the population considerably. The fleas being hungry would be forced to jump species, but it the people are quarantined, there'd be no one to jump on, since theyre all in hiding and not in contact with rat-infested areas. Oft times, and there's evidence for this as well, quarantine did not work, since someone with plague would have already fled to the town...there is an incubation period, so you won't be sick right away, giving the person time to run around and find others to infect. I dunno, I just think that calling quarantine effectiveness the best argument against plague is very weak.
i will probably read the book though, thanks for the tip. 8)
that second link tries to say it wasnt plague, but pretty much ends up saying it was -- they say the symptoms COULD be from plague but MIGHT not have been. And its been well documented that plague can EASILY spread from human to human, especially in pneumonic form. And plague infection could display symptoms very similar to hemo fever in septecemic form. bubonic plague is one type of infection from yersinia pestis. Pneumonic is a different one (lungs) and septecemic is the third (blood) -- septecemic has been documented as being the nastiest, killing 90% in 24-36 hours, causes bleeding like a hemo fever, and is passed through body fluids (like vomiting blood).
So the articles are saying that the spread was too fast for plague, but there are types of plague infections which could do it. They say not enough rats died, but there are plenty of documented events of mass rat death during the Black Death. They wonder why it spread most on roads, well, rats often hid in wagons filled with hay or food, or crawled in leaving fleas behind, etc etc etc. And it may have spread animal to animal in the outlying areas, but animals don't often write things down. People do, and they concentrate on roads and towns.
not all deaths attributed to the Black Death were from yersinia pestis, no argument there. With people dying in droves, almost any death at that time was attributed to The Black Death.
As for a hemorragic fever being responsible, it is of course possible but highly unlikely. It would have to be an extremely exotic fever as no known hemo fever can survive through the cold european winter.
Europe also was coming out of a time of extreme famine just prior to the onset of the Black Death, so its likely that many individuals were chronically malnourished with weakened immune systems. So, it wouldn't take anything more exotic than a foreign plague bacillus to really wreak havoc.
not exactly. it IS certain that it was bubonic, pneumonic, and setecemic plague. However, what is not certain is that EVERY death was caused by plague. Many people who died of other infections or reasons were categorized under the Black Death, but they did not actually die of plague. The overwhelming majority were caused by bubonic plague.
Slashdot Mirror
From your link:
The magnetic field of Mars is 1/800 as strong as Earth's and was first recorded in 1997 by the Mars Surveyor probe.
That's barely a magnetosphere. It is there, but it's not exactly substantial...
Well, actually #3 isn't a safe assumption. The gravity wells of the two planets are very different, it is MUCH harder for an earth rock to land on mars. That said, the probability is not zero. It's just much less likely than finding Martian rocks here.
there's no proof, but we dont have the seismic monitors in place on the ground that could detect magma chamber shifts and the like. We've only been able to look for BIG changes. Little ones might go unnoticed. Mars is a big mystery still, there's just not enough direct observation being made to say anything for sure.
I think this explanation, based on evidence, is equally as likely as the non-bio explanation, the lava tube one. However, Mars is thought to be relatively geologically dead, so an active lava tube this close to the surface (close enough to vent ammonia) would seem unlikely to have avoided detection by now. So a deeper, more sedentary lava bulge, warming the rock and allowing anaerobic microbes to survive of the heat seems to me to be an equally likely proposition. EITHER discovery would be fantastic.
oh man thats fantastic! bravo! were they getting the minimum 15mph speed though? otherwise, its cheating. ;)
and how many kilometers per leader is that?
I have heard of it. I never meant to characterize the US population as zero, but only to point out that as a marketing component, boylove themes are much more common for female audiences than here in the US. I think its growing here, but its still nowhere near the popularity level of Japan, and I would be surprised if it approached that kind of popularity anytime soon in the US.
well i guarantee you its not as big as Japan. Sizable number is a vague statement. I agree its definitely a non-zero number (I've known a few gals myself who are into it) but I don't think its anywhere near the size of the Japanese contingent, by any metric you can think of.
--% of females age x to y
--% of females who play, or are interested in playing, games
--% of gaming community
--on and on.
Is the community growing? Yes! I've seen it grow a lot in the past 5 years especially -- but I'd still consider it a VERY underground segment of the gaming, anime, and manga communities in the US.
Of course, its normal and common over there, so of course they dont make a big deal about it. Here, its not like that. Once a big deal is made, it will be normal and not a big deal after. Just look at civil rights for a historical context. A big deal was made when women fought for, and won, the right to vote for the first time. Now, its not a big deal, its normal for women to vote. What would be a big deal is if you say, lowered the voting age to 16 or something like that.
And anyway, now that I think about it, why shouldn't it be an event? Imagine you're a certain type of person that has never, or almost never, seen a positive representation of yourself in popular media. Why shouldn't you be excited that now there is?
not expected or wanted...by you. are you sure you speak for the entire audience of those games?
and of course there won't be a gay character in Gran Turismo...unless you know how to tell the sexual orientation of a car.
Or St Patricks Day parades for the Irish? Or maybe you'd like to tell African-Americans not to have Black History Month Parades or Civil Rights marches because they shouldn't make an event out of trying to prove they're just like everyone else.
Hey I totally agree with you, but its just not going to happen until EVERYONE sees [group x] as just regular people too.
I'd only buy the game because its good, not because of its social value (if the game was crap, but had a [group x] character, you're right, so what?) but when a game is good and it treats the character of [group x] just like any other character, mission accomplished in my mind.
I wasn't aware that buffy and angel and the like were african-american shows....
In an american context you're right, but in Japan, homosexual male relationships do indeed entice female players. Just look at anime and manga geared towards the femenine audience, almost all will have pretty-boy characters, many of them engaged in at the very least flirtatious behavior with other male characters. I agree that's unlikely to draw American females, but in Japan its a proven tactic.
right. 8) thats what i meant.
I love how the "ITC" links to www.isc.org
Its easy. the "You have a non-standard configuration" excuse applies to everyone.
actually not true at all.
check it out
well i wouldnt say it PROVES it but i will read the paper. looks fascinating. 8) thanks!
no black plague, black death.
rats don't respect quarantines, but depending on how a quarantine is carried out, it might also keep the rats out too. If that's the most convincing argument though, that's pretty sad. I'm not even sure what that "most convincing" item means...if it wasn't plague, quarantine works, but if it was plague, quarantine shouldn't have worked because rats dont respect it? A little sketchy, since it technically wasn't even the rats, it was the fleas. Also, early on in plague outbreak most of the rats will die, thinning the population considerably. The fleas being hungry would be forced to jump species, but it the people are quarantined, there'd be no one to jump on, since theyre all in hiding and not in contact with rat-infested areas. Oft times, and there's evidence for this as well, quarantine did not work, since someone with plague would have already fled to the town...there is an incubation period, so you won't be sick right away, giving the person time to run around and find others to infect. I dunno, I just think that calling quarantine effectiveness the best argument against plague is very weak.
i will probably read the book though, thanks for the tip. 8)
that second link tries to say it wasnt plague, but pretty much ends up saying it was -- they say the symptoms COULD be from plague but MIGHT not have been. And its been well documented that plague can EASILY spread from human to human, especially in pneumonic form. And plague infection could display symptoms very similar to hemo fever in septecemic form. bubonic plague is one type of infection from yersinia pestis. Pneumonic is a different one (lungs) and septecemic is the third (blood) -- septecemic has been documented as being the nastiest, killing 90% in 24-36 hours, causes bleeding like a hemo fever, and is passed through body fluids (like vomiting blood).
So the articles are saying that the spread was too fast for plague, but there are types of plague infections which could do it. They say not enough rats died, but there are plenty of documented events of mass rat death during the Black Death. They wonder why it spread most on roads, well, rats often hid in wagons filled with hay or food, or crawled in leaving fleas behind, etc etc etc. And it may have spread animal to animal in the outlying areas, but animals don't often write things down. People do, and they concentrate on roads and towns.
Those articles, IMO, are sketchy AT BEST.
hehe you sure pwned them!
not all deaths attributed to the Black Death were from yersinia pestis, no argument there. With people dying in droves, almost any death at that time was attributed to The Black Death.
As for a hemorragic fever being responsible, it is of course possible but highly unlikely. It would have to be an extremely exotic fever as no known hemo fever can survive through the cold european winter.
Europe also was coming out of a time of extreme famine just prior to the onset of the Black Death, so its likely that many individuals were chronically malnourished with weakened immune systems. So, it wouldn't take anything more exotic than a foreign plague bacillus to really wreak havoc.
not exactly. it IS certain that it was bubonic, pneumonic, and setecemic plague. However, what is not certain is that EVERY death was caused by plague. Many people who died of other infections or reasons were categorized under the Black Death, but they did not actually die of plague. The overwhelming majority were caused by bubonic plague.
No such thing as the "black plague" --
There is the Black Death, referring to a specific pandemic of Bubonic Plague in Europe in 1347-1350.