Which last I checked, included the US Army and the United States.
Which has a history of violating numerous international trade, human rights and other conventions. Shooting at insurgents' "canteens" (do they even carry them?) with.50 cal machine guns is a weak excuse for violating the very same Geneva convention you mention.
Who is going to force the US to comply? No one. I can hardly blame them either. The rules are written by the strong. However it sets a precedent, for continual eternal strife. "Because you did it, so can we". Oh well, human history as usual.
Even easier: artillery consisting of right-angle mirrors.
You do know that shells are slightly larger than the diameter of the cannons they are shot from, right? This allows a hermetic seal so that the full force of the gases propel the shells out of the barrel. Yes some energy is lost in deforming the shell, but it is far less than what would be lost if the gases are allowed to escape around the shell.
Try making a "right angle mirror" that will a) stay clean after being shot out of a gun and b) still be right-angled after going through the deformation process.
First one is intercepted halfway to the laser truck, explodes, deploys chaff on detonation. Second one is intercepted halfway between previous interception, and laser truck, because truck's radar was impaired by chaff, second one explodes, deploys chaff on detonation, closer to truck.
So you've reduced your rate of fire by 90%, giving me plenty of time to locate, target and destroy your artillery before you can significantly damage my troops. Makes sense.
I think this is great news. Perhaps the amount of rapes (a HUGE problem in Africa) will decrease as these people find a different outlet for their sexual tension/frustrations.
It's the G forces that kill you. Even inside the "black box" you'd be splattered all over the front wall.
If you're sitting in the back of a plane that hits the ground nose first, all that damage and crumpling buys you time since the plane is changing kinetic energy into "damage". By the time your section enters the impact zone (and yes we're talking milliseconds) you will have decelerated a little. This means less G forces when your section hits the ground (which is NOT that flexible and rather unforgiving), which might allow you to live. Provided the speed of impact was close to what was survivable. Then again, you might survive just long enough to be burned to death.
Planes don't always hit the ground nose first, however. Looking on the bright side, it's over fairly quickly...
Aortic dissection. This is what kills you. It's the most common, lethal deceleration injury. Of course if you're going fast enough you're simply crushed, but at "lower" speeds a sudden deceleration is enough to rotate the heart (which is fairly mobile in the chest) and rip it off the aorta (which is fixed to the posterior chest wall). The arteriovenous ligament doesn't help, either. So the aorta ruptures and you die of a cardiac tamponade. Oh and this is how Princess Diana died.
The point of Microsoft bidding on a vulnerability is not to put a hush on it, but instead to do something about it.
They're not doing anything about it NOW. Why do you think that suddenly they want to pay, and hurry to fix it? And I am sure they know about most of their vulnerabilities.
Makes much more sense than actually writing secure software in the first place, doesn't it?
This is a silly idea. It assumes that if Microsoft pays someone to keep quiet about a security vulnerability, no one, ever, will independently discover this SAME vulnerability. Human nature dictates that when you hand out money, you will quickly have people waiting in line.
Reminds me of the romans paying the barbarians NOT to invade them. Sure, give your enemy an income and make him rich. Makes a LOT of sense...
It's not up to me to spend an hour or two digging through my old texts to give you a page reference. I'd recommend Bates' "Guide to Physical Examination and History Taking", it's probably in there. You'll find definitions in Harrison's Internal Medicine, Robbins' pathology, and any number of books on forensic medicine.
Note nothing is said of brain death. That is a special case that rarely happens. I haven't had one of those fall into my lap yet.
But to sum it up even further:
Clinical death - it's when I decide it might be time to sign the death certificate. Legal death - the moment I have signed the death certificate. Period.
It's that simple. What criteria do physicians use? Absence of pulse is a good start. For how long? I'm sure there's a textbook definition for the theoretically inclined. In reality? Long enough for me to be sure the patient is not having a severe bradycardia. A minute is enough. In practice we're not going to wait a whole minute without starting CPR though.
Absence of blood pressure - this is not a very good sign, since a patient in shock can have extremely low, undetectable blood pressure. Failure of blood pressure response to volume replacement, however, is a darned good sign. Pulse is still the winner though. Oh, and you will never have blood pressure without a pulse. Unless one of your students is sitting on the sphygmomanometer.
Heart sounds - not very good, there are some pre-mortem conditions that can diminish or eradicate heart sounds including 1) a noisy ER/ward 2) cardiac tamponade.
Lack of respiration - not very good, since usually if the patient isn't breathing and still has a beating heart, there's usually a simple, (hopefully) fixable reason for it. No DOCTOR checks respiration first. That's what we have endotracheal tubes for. You can go without breathing a LOT longer than you can go without a pulse. Your "First Aid" course, however, lists respiration as the first priority (A and B of ABC) and that's as it should be with unskilled help in a community setting. You will have a lot more luck helping a chocking patient than someone in v fib, outside a hospital/paramedic setting.
So basically, it's central pulse that tells you if a patient is dead or not. Lack of one is when I consider the patient to be dead, and start reanimation procedures, if warranted. There are other things that tells me a patient is dead, and it's not my place to give you a thanatology course. But those are checked post mortem as a routine, to make sure we're not signing the wrong person's death certificate.
There are other definitions of death - in cellular death the pathologists refer to permeability of the cell membranes, and irreversible intracellular calcium release. NONE of that concerns the physician however. Our concern is with the whole patient. And since he's the one who is going to sign your certificate, he's the one who decides when you're dead.
As for changing my definition - you're nit picking. Heart beat, pulse, usually you don't get one without the other. Except in your example of artificial hearts. How many people in the WORLD have artificial hearts? Few. And outside a hospital setting? NONE. I think we can assume it's the same damned thing for most. But if you have to choose, pick pulse, not heart beat. There are situations where a beating heart will not produce a pulse. Like I said, tamponade. Valve problems. Aortic aneurysms. Etc. It doesn't matter, if you have any of these and have no pulse, blood is not flowing. The lack of blood FLOW is what kills you.
There are two parts to the modern medical definition; you have chosen to look at only one. Why?
Because it proves my point. (1) implies (2). I haven't seen a patient yet who got up and walked around without a pulse. Occasionally, however, you can have (2) without (1).
So if a guy's heart stopped, and then it started again, for any reason, he wasn't dead.
Not legally, no. However he was clinically dead. Lawyers, however, are not allowed to practice medicine, and for good reason.
A person with an artificial heart has no heart, and no heart-beat.
A person with an artificial heart has a pulse. It's pulse, not heart beat. Death is lack of TISSUE PERFUSION, not movement of the heart.
Your very own references support my claim. You're just being pedantic.
Learn a few basic things about physiology:
1) NO ONE breathes when their heart stops. No one.
2) NO ONE is neurologically alive when their heart stops. There are parameters to measure neurological death, and people with no circulation are not neurologically "alive". They do not respond to stimuli. Their pupils are fixed and dilated. There are no primitive/brain-stem reflexes. There is NO meaningful electrical activity. The brain is completely shut down in an effort to save whatever ATP is left. Now because there is no PERMANENT neuron damage until after 4 minutes (in a healthy individual), brain activity can be restored by restoring the circulation. Most of the time. But not always. In the mean time, they are DEAD.
3) In special situations when advanced life support is available, people can suffer neurological death and still have vital signs. However the paramedic (and the ER doc) are not equipped to determine neurological death. No one is going to hook up an EEG or squirt hot/cold water in the ears of a "red" patient. The job in the ER is to compensate and stabilize. We worry about the rest later. We save more patients that way.
You seem to think that "respiratory death", "circulatory death" and "neurological death" are separate things. If you have circulatory "death" you AUTOMATICALLY have neurological and respiratory death. Breathing (or lack of) used to be the main parameter to judge if a patient was alive or not, before the role of the circulatory system was understood. This was later replaced by (lack of ) pulse and blood pressure, and it is STILL the standard today.
Neurological death is a SPECIAL CASE that arose in the 1970's when our life support technology got to the point that we could keep people's bodies alive despite severe trauma to the brain. This is NOT the normal progression. Neither you nor I are likely to "die" in this manner. But what do you do with the corpse that is stuck on the life support, when their family is praying over it every day, thinking little Timmy is going to come back? You need to define parameters for neurological death, in order to be able to turn off the machines and give the family closure. Or donate the organs. Otherwise these poor corpses are stuck in limbo until their heart stops beating. Which could take years.
This (Neurological death) was an ADDITION to the standards, not a REPLACEMENT. As you yourself correctly cited with your sources.
You can have neurological death without cardiopulmonary death, however cardiopulmonary death ALSO implies neurological death. This is the point you are missing. Just because there are fir trees in the forest does not mean that the forest contains only fir trees. And cardiopulmonary death is STILL the leading end-point. Reanimation measures are usually suspended after 20 minutes because after that it's statistically proven that even if we DO revive the patient, they will be neurologically dead. However no one runs around during a code call to check the EEG. It's pulse and blood pressure - and of the two, especially pulse. All the other stuff - monitors, pulse oxymeters, etc, are all nice little gadgets that help us determine what the hell is wrong with the patient, and what we need to do to get him back. Central pulse (from the femoral or carotid arteries) is still king, however.
As for doubting me being a physician, I'll let that slide. You seem to be upset for my tearing into your initial reply, and apparently haven't been able to get past it. Hey I am human too, I get upset, and I really didn't buy your "theory". Perhaps I was a bit harsh. However nothing YOU have said has proven me wrong. In fact, it proves me RIGHT. So let my grasp of the facts be my judge.
Slashdot Mirror
Maybe, uh, looking the other way?!?
I see that your reaction time is faster than the speed of light. Well done. But then again, maybe you have a point.
Squad - about FACE! Not exactly the best axis to defend yourself from the incoming enemy.
Which last I checked, included the US Army and the United States.
.50 cal machine guns is a weak excuse for violating the very same Geneva convention you mention.
Which has a history of violating numerous international trade, human rights and other conventions. Shooting at insurgents' "canteens" (do they even carry them?) with
Who is going to force the US to comply? No one. I can hardly blame them either. The rules are written by the strong. However it sets a precedent, for continual eternal strife. "Because you did it, so can we". Oh well, human history as usual.
Some countries ignore international treaties and conventions when it suits them. Haven't you noticed?
SHARKS! When will they learn? You have to put the damned things on SHARKS!
Even easier: artillery consisting of right-angle mirrors.
You do know that shells are slightly larger than the diameter of the cannons they are shot from, right? This allows a hermetic seal so that the full force of the gases propel the shells out of the barrel. Yes some energy is lost in deforming the shell, but it is far less than what would be lost if the gases are allowed to escape around the shell.
Try making a "right angle mirror" that will a) stay clean after being shot out of a gun and b) still be right-angled after going through the deformation process.
Pack a load of 10 shells, 9 chaff, 1 HE.
First one is intercepted halfway to the laser truck, explodes, deploys chaff on detonation.
Second one is intercepted halfway between previous interception, and laser truck, because truck's radar was impaired by chaff, second one explodes, deploys chaff on detonation, closer to truck.
So you've reduced your rate of fire by 90%, giving me plenty of time to locate, target and destroy your artillery before you can significantly damage my troops. Makes sense.
except maybe as a source of heat in a mid-winter power failure...
My neighbor even requested a room mate change because of this
Wouldn't it be simpler to a) secure the wireless or b) turn OFF the wireless?
The house always wins.
If you walk into a casino without remembering that, you deserve to lose all your money.
Oh, another Princess Di joke - "I heard Princess Di was on the radio... And the dash. And the seat ..."
She was certainly all over her boyfriend. Slut.
God does not answer prayers. This is established scientific fact.
Sorry got my terms mixed up. I studied medicine in a foreign language. this is what you want.
I think this is great news. Perhaps the amount of rapes (a HUGE problem in Africa) will decrease as these people find a different outlet for their sexual tension/frustrations.
It's the G forces that kill you. Even inside the "black box" you'd be splattered all over the front wall.
If you're sitting in the back of a plane that hits the ground nose first, all that damage and crumpling buys you time since the plane is changing kinetic energy into "damage". By the time your section enters the impact zone (and yes we're talking milliseconds) you will have decelerated a little. This means less G forces when your section hits the ground (which is NOT that flexible and rather unforgiving), which might allow you to live. Provided the speed of impact was close to what was survivable. Then again, you might survive just long enough to be burned to death.
Planes don't always hit the ground nose first, however. Looking on the bright side, it's over fairly quickly...
Aortic dissection. This is what kills you. It's the most common, lethal deceleration injury. Of course if you're going fast enough you're simply crushed, but at "lower" speeds a sudden deceleration is enough to rotate the heart (which is fairly mobile in the chest) and rip it off the aorta (which is fixed to the posterior chest wall). The arteriovenous ligament doesn't help, either. So the aorta ruptures and you die of a cardiac tamponade. Oh and this is how Princess Diana died.
This "article" is so very, very wrong in a number of ways. It's a work of fiction, nothing more.
ahh, but how long would it light up the Library of Congress for?
The point of Microsoft bidding on a vulnerability is not to put a hush on it, but instead to do something about it.
They're not doing anything about it NOW. Why do you think that suddenly they want to pay, and hurry to fix it? And I am sure they know about most of their vulnerabilities.
Makes much more sense than actually writing secure software in the first place, doesn't it?
This is a silly idea. It assumes that if Microsoft pays someone to keep quiet about a security vulnerability, no one, ever, will independently discover this SAME vulnerability. Human nature dictates that when you hand out money, you will quickly have people waiting in line.
Reminds me of the romans paying the barbarians NOT to invade them. Sure, give your enemy an income and make him rich. Makes a LOT of sense...
You sir, are a troll
pot, meet kettle
guess what, I'm a senior research scientist at a major American University resarch hospital, and that means I know more than you
Really? About what? How many people have YOU brought back from the dead?
It's not up to me to spend an hour or two digging through my old texts to give you a page reference. I'd recommend Bates' "Guide to Physical Examination and History Taking", it's probably in there. You'll find definitions in Harrison's Internal Medicine, Robbins' pathology, and any number of books on forensic medicine.
Here's a document, since you insist:
Note nothing is said of brain death. That is a special case that rarely happens. I haven't had one of those fall into my lap yet.
But to sum it up even further:
Clinical death - it's when I decide it might be time to sign the death certificate.
Legal death - the moment I have signed the death certificate. Period.
It's that simple. What criteria do physicians use? Absence of pulse is a good start. For how long? I'm sure there's a textbook definition for the theoretically inclined. In reality? Long enough for me to be sure the patient is not having a severe bradycardia. A minute is enough. In practice we're not going to wait a whole minute without starting CPR though.
Absence of blood pressure - this is not a very good sign, since a patient in shock can have extremely low, undetectable blood pressure. Failure of blood pressure response to volume replacement, however, is a darned good sign. Pulse is still the winner though. Oh, and you will never have blood pressure without a pulse. Unless one of your students is sitting on the sphygmomanometer.
Heart sounds - not very good, there are some pre-mortem conditions that can diminish or eradicate heart sounds including 1) a noisy ER/ward 2) cardiac tamponade.
Lack of respiration - not very good, since usually if the patient isn't breathing and still has a beating heart, there's usually a simple, (hopefully) fixable reason for it. No DOCTOR checks respiration first. That's what we have endotracheal tubes for. You can go without breathing a LOT longer than you can go without a pulse. Your "First Aid" course, however, lists respiration as the first priority (A and B of ABC) and that's as it should be with unskilled help in a community setting. You will have a lot more luck helping a chocking patient than someone in v fib, outside a hospital/paramedic setting.
So basically, it's central pulse that tells you if a patient is dead or not. Lack of one is when I consider the patient to be dead, and start reanimation procedures, if warranted. There are other things that tells me a patient is dead, and it's not my place to give you a thanatology course. But those are checked post mortem as a routine, to make sure we're not signing the wrong person's death certificate.
There are other definitions of death - in cellular death the pathologists refer to permeability of the cell membranes, and irreversible intracellular calcium release. NONE of that concerns the physician however. Our concern is with the whole patient. And since he's the one who is going to sign your certificate, he's the one who decides when you're dead.
As for changing my definition - you're nit picking. Heart beat, pulse, usually you don't get one without the other. Except in your example of artificial hearts. How many people in the WORLD have artificial hearts? Few. And outside a hospital setting? NONE. I think we can assume it's the same damned thing for most. But if you have to choose, pick pulse, not heart beat. There are situations where a beating heart will not produce a pulse. Like I said, tamponade. Valve problems. Aortic aneurysms. Etc. It doesn't matter, if you have any of these and have no pulse, blood is not flowing. The lack of blood FLOW is what kills you.
A lap dance could last forever, though...
There are two parts to the modern medical definition; you have chosen to look at only one. Why?
Because it proves my point. (1) implies (2). I haven't seen a patient yet who got up and walked around without a pulse.
Occasionally, however, you can have (2) without (1).
So if a guy's heart stopped, and then it started again, for any reason, he wasn't dead.
Not legally, no. However he was clinically dead. Lawyers, however, are not allowed to practice medicine, and for good reason.
A person with an artificial heart has no heart, and no heart-beat.
A person with an artificial heart has a pulse. It's pulse, not heart beat. Death is lack of TISSUE PERFUSION, not movement of the heart.
Your very own references support my claim. You're just being pedantic.
Learn a few basic things about physiology:
1) NO ONE breathes when their heart stops. No one.
2) NO ONE is neurologically alive when their heart stops. There are parameters to measure neurological death, and people with no circulation are not neurologically "alive". They do not respond to stimuli. Their pupils are fixed and dilated. There are no primitive/brain-stem reflexes. There is NO meaningful electrical activity. The brain is completely shut down in an effort to save whatever ATP is left. Now because there is no PERMANENT neuron damage until after 4 minutes (in a healthy individual), brain activity can be restored by restoring the circulation. Most of the time. But not always. In the mean time, they are DEAD.
3) In special situations when advanced life support is available, people can suffer neurological death and still have vital signs. However the paramedic (and the ER doc) are not equipped to determine neurological death. No one is going to hook up an EEG or squirt hot/cold water in the ears of a "red" patient. The job in the ER is to compensate and stabilize. We worry about the rest later. We save more patients that way.
You seem to think that "respiratory death", "circulatory death" and "neurological death" are separate things. If you have circulatory "death" you AUTOMATICALLY have neurological and respiratory death. Breathing (or lack of) used to be the main parameter to judge if a patient was alive or not, before the role of the circulatory system was understood. This was later replaced by (lack of ) pulse and blood pressure, and it is STILL the standard today.
Neurological death is a SPECIAL CASE that arose in the 1970's when our life support technology got to the point that we could keep people's bodies alive despite severe trauma to the brain. This is NOT the normal progression. Neither you nor I are likely to "die" in this manner. But what do you do with the corpse that is stuck on the life support, when their family is praying over it every day, thinking little Timmy is going to come back? You need to define parameters for neurological death, in order to be able to turn off the machines and give the family closure. Or donate the organs. Otherwise these poor corpses are stuck in limbo until their heart stops beating. Which could take years.
This (Neurological death) was an ADDITION to the standards, not a REPLACEMENT. As you yourself correctly cited with your sources.
You can have neurological death without cardiopulmonary death, however cardiopulmonary death ALSO implies neurological death. This is the point you are missing. Just because there are fir trees in the forest does not mean that the forest contains only fir trees. And cardiopulmonary death is STILL the leading end-point. Reanimation measures are usually suspended after 20 minutes because after that it's statistically proven that even if we DO revive the patient, they will be neurologically dead. However no one runs around during a code call to check the EEG. It's pulse and blood pressure - and of the two, especially pulse. All the other stuff - monitors, pulse oxymeters, etc, are all nice little gadgets that help us determine what the hell is wrong with the patient, and what we need to do to get him back. Central pulse (from the femoral or carotid arteries) is still king, however.
As for doubting me being a physician, I'll let that slide. You seem to be upset for my tearing into your initial reply, and apparently haven't been able to get past it. Hey I am human too, I get upset, and I really didn't buy your "theory". Perhaps I was a bit harsh. However nothing YOU have said has proven me wrong. In fact, it proves me RIGHT. So let my grasp of the facts be my judge.