Your local affiliate then decompresses it, it passes through more switchers and graphics boxes, then it gets either broadcast using 8VSB, or it gets re-compressed and passed on to your cable or satellite provider, who then un-compresses it, processes it into MPEG or some other flavor, and re-compresses it into its final 3-12Mb/s data stream for your receiver to decompress one final time.
The FOX Broadcast Network encodes in MPEG-2 once at the uplink site, and stations use stream splicers between the local MPEG-2 encoder and the satellite MPEG-2 feed. During network time, the compressed feed from the network goes bit-for-bit over the satellite, through the affiliate splicer, to the transmitter over the air to the end viewer.
Unless of course you are watching on cable or satellite, in which case it is usually decoded and recoded in MPEG-2 or H.264...
The derivatives market is worth $800,000,000,000,000.00.
I suspect that most of that are options on equity positions and industrial commodities (gold/oil), not agricultural commodities.
This year, there has typically been only $50 billion in contracts open on corn in the US (the largest agricultural commodity market). I suspect all agricultural commodities have $100-$150 billion in contracts open.
Not one bit of research that shows a positive effect of growing disparity of income and wealth.
1) China's Gini coefficient has risen steadily from 1970 until today, while the country underwent near 10% yearly GDP growth, modernized cities and infrastructure, had average lifespan extend by 6 years, and brought hundreds of millions of people out of absolute poverty (under $1 day income).
In arguably the most prosperous of nations, the US, 40% of the population has a net worth of zero
2) Your "net worth of Americans" may not consider the net present value of future Social Security and Medicare benefits due to their past payments of payroll taxes. Of course perhaps it would have been better if they could have saved that money in personal accounts instead.
The high price of oil is largely what is driving grain prices up.
Ethanol production (linked in some sense to oil prices, but partially subsidized) also played a significant role in recent corn price rises:
Using the 2004 corn price of $2.06 per bushel as a reference, actual corn prices increased by an average of $1.65 per bushel from 2006 to 2009. Only 14 cents (8%) of this increase was due to ethanol subsidies. Another 45 cents of the increase was due to market-based expansion of the corn ethanol industry. Together, expansion of corn ethanol from subsidies and market forces accounted for 36% of the average increase that we saw in corn prices from 2006 to 2009. All other market factors accounted for 64% of the corn price increase.
"Most economists agree that we'd be wealthier, on average, if the minimum wage were eliminated."
Most economists agree that the minimum wage prices the least skilled labor out of jobs.
Often the labor provided by these priced-out workers can be replaced with automation, so it is unclear what the short-term net effect on wealth is due to the minimum wage as production may remain the same, although in the long-term it is probably better for someone's parents to have a job to ensure they have a good role model of a working person.
I'm an engineer who believes in what most climate scientists believe (in GHG causing climate change through warming).
Yet I also believe what most economists believe (a free market provides the greatest opportunity for expanding wealth). Although there is the occasional externality that needs to be dealt with by government. GHGs may be one of those.
Its a good idea to have scientists advising politicians on science
Politicians don't care about science. They are megalomaniacs who are drunk on power (and worse the higher up you go in the power chain). They only care about the use of science to achieve their power, and getting votes is how they get power. They certainly will use or misuse science to get votes.
Here is the actual paper. The methodology does not strike me as reaching a representative population:
Visitors to climate blogs voluntarily completed an online questionnaire between August and October 2010 (N = 1377). Links were posted on 8 blogs (with a pro-science science stance but with a diverse audience)
"Cannabis use was ascertained in interviews at ages 18, 21, 26, 32, and 38 y. Neuropsychological testing was conducted at age 13 y, before initiation of cannabis use, and again at age 38 y."
"Never used" went from 99.84 to 100.64. Heaviest regular users went from 96.00 to 90.77.
From TFA: "Further, cessation of cannabis use did not fully restore neuropsychological functioning among adolescent-onset cannabis users. Findings are suggestive of a neurotoxic effect of cannabis on the adolescent brain and highlight the importance of prevention and policy efforts targeting adolescents."
IQ test results are associated with morbidity and mortality, predictors of educational achievement, special needs, job performance and income, and are largely heritable. IQ clearly measures "something" that applies to your general ability to solve problems intelligently in life.
The Stanford-Binet, Wechsler, and Kaufman IQ assessments are generally recognized as having little cultural bias.
If you want to try playing with a simulation of Quantum Computing, you can check out my tutorial that shows you how to do Gover's Algorithm using QCF on Octace.
It seems that quantum computing has consistently been viewed as harder than it really is
Quantum computing with a few qubits is easy. Quantum computing with enough qubits for actual useful problems (i.e. thousands of qubits) and maintaining coherence is really unclear. The scaling issue is the problem.
That said, the UCSB group seems to be on to something!
So Kenya and Ecuador increasing their human capital would dilute the stock of educated people worldwide, leading to its value dropping everywhere.
Economists would argue that if the people of Kenya and Ecuador become more educated, there would be even more great ideas, innovation, and kinds of production into the world that would allow everyone to become more productive (imagine Kenyan Einsteins, Steve Jobs, etc.)
Today it is far easier to achieve "assortative mating" due to advanced economies and enhanced information technology.
Intelligent men and women find each other in college or on the Internet, and have smart children. 100 years ago, intelligent people would be far more willing to marry less intelligent people due to population limitations - based on who lived in their town, or perhaps would trade off looks or brawn for intelligence.
Let's be honest, this is happening, and leading to higher levels of IQ inequality in advanced economies.
wages haven't really correlated with productivity in decades.
What I meant is that the workers in the US who are productive are the ones whose wages are going up, the workers in the US that are not more productive have stagnant ones.
Here are some "typical" luminously intense LEDs, 45 candela requiring 3.4W. Typical LEO is 200km. lux=candela/(distance^2) = 1.125e-9. Magnitude = -2.5 * log(lux) - 14.2 = 8.17
Generally stars with magnitude > 7 are not considered visible.
Compare with Sirius, at m = -1.6, gives 9.2e-6 lux.
If you gang together a bunch of those 45 candela LEDs, you might have something. Magnitude 7 is reached at three of them. 10 of them would get you magnitude 5.6, around the magnitude of the spiral galaxy M33 (used as a test for naked eye seeing under dark skies).
OK so I found a ~2000cd LED (6000 lumens over 115 degrees), it would need 60W @ 3.15A to do this. That gives you Magnitude 4.
Of the seven brightest stars in Ursa Minor, the dimest three are magnitude 4 to 5.
So as they say on MythBusters, "Plausible".
Not sure if you can blow 60W for long on a small satellite though...
Slashdot Mirror
Your local affiliate then decompresses it, it passes through more switchers and graphics boxes, then it gets either broadcast using 8VSB, or it gets re-compressed and passed on to your cable or satellite provider, who then un-compresses it, processes it into MPEG or some other flavor, and re-compresses it into its final 3-12Mb/s data stream for your receiver to decompress one final time.
The FOX Broadcast Network encodes in MPEG-2 once at the uplink site, and stations use stream splicers between the local MPEG-2 encoder and the satellite MPEG-2 feed. During network time, the compressed feed from the network goes bit-for-bit over the satellite, through the affiliate splicer, to the transmitter over the air to the end viewer.
Unless of course you are watching on cable or satellite, in which case it is usually decoded and recoded in MPEG-2 or H.264...
The derivatives market is worth $800,000,000,000,000.00.
I suspect that most of that are options on equity positions and industrial commodities (gold/oil), not agricultural commodities.
This year, there has typically been only $50 billion in contracts open on corn in the US (the largest agricultural commodity market). I suspect all agricultural commodities have $100-$150 billion in contracts open.
Not one bit of research that shows a positive effect of growing disparity of income and wealth.
1) China's Gini coefficient has risen steadily from 1970 until today, while the country underwent near 10% yearly GDP growth, modernized cities and infrastructure, had average lifespan extend by 6 years, and brought hundreds of millions of people out of absolute poverty (under $1 day income).
In arguably the most prosperous of nations, the US, 40% of the population has a net worth of zero
2) Your "net worth of Americans" may not consider the net present value of future Social Security and Medicare benefits due to their past payments of payroll taxes. Of course perhaps it would have been better if they could have saved that money in personal accounts instead.
The high price of oil is largely what is driving grain prices up.
Ethanol production (linked in some sense to oil prices, but partially subsidized) also played a significant role in recent corn price rises:
"Most economists agree that we'd be wealthier, on average, if the minimum wage were eliminated."
Most economists agree that the minimum wage prices the least skilled labor out of jobs.
Often the labor provided by these priced-out workers can be replaced with automation, so it is unclear what the short-term net effect on wealth is due to the minimum wage as production may remain the same, although in the long-term it is probably better for someone's parents to have a job to ensure they have a good role model of a working person.
Every single taxi ride I've taken in New York, the driver was talking on a cellphone in a foreign language the entire trip!
(I don't really care, but clearly cellular phones are in use)
I'm an engineer who believes in what most climate scientists believe (in GHG causing climate change through warming).
Yet I also believe what most economists believe (a free market provides the greatest opportunity for expanding wealth). Although there is the occasional externality that needs to be dealt with by government. GHGs may be one of those.
Its a good idea to have scientists advising politicians on science
Politicians don't care about science. They are megalomaniacs who are drunk on power (and worse the higher up you go in the power chain). They only care about the use of science to achieve their power, and getting votes is how they get power. They certainly will use or misuse science to get votes.
Here is the actual paper. The methodology does not strike me as reaching a representative population:
Visitors to climate blogs voluntarily completed an online questionnaire between August and October 2010 (N = 1377). Links were posted on 8 blogs (with a pro-science
science stance but with a diverse audience)
the most oil pumped was 2005 i
No, world crude oil production in 2005 was 71,980 thousand barrels per day. In 2011 it was 72,888, and all-time high (data: USEIA).
GM to idle Michigan Volt plant for four weeks
That is despite $15,000 in dealership subsidies as well as local governments getting grants to buy them as well.
Help! Does anyone know if the Samsung Galaxy S Lightray 4G from MetroPCS covered in the preliminary injunction request????
I wonder if the IQs actually dropped or if they remained stable as the non smoking group in the study improved.
Ungated version of the paper is here.
"Cannabis use was ascertained in interviews at ages 18, 21, 26, 32, and 38 y. Neuropsychological testing was conducted at age 13 y, before initiation of cannabis use, and again at age 38 y."
"Never used" went from 99.84 to 100.64. Heaviest regular users went from 96.00 to 90.77.
From TFA: "Further, cessation of cannabis use did not fully restore neuropsychological functioning among adolescent-onset cannabis users. Findings are suggestive of a neurotoxic effect of cannabis on the adolescent brain and highlight the importance of prevention and policy efforts targeting adolescents."
"IQ tests work best when you're young and they assume less training"
IQ changes during adolescence, from age 12 to 16 it may go down 18 points or up 21 points.
Adults generally show stable and even increasing IQ scores until mid-30s and some to mid-50s, then there can be decline.
IQ test results are associated with morbidity and mortality, predictors of educational achievement, special needs, job performance and income, and are largely heritable. IQ clearly measures "something" that applies to your general ability to solve problems intelligently in life.
The Stanford-Binet, Wechsler, and Kaufman IQ assessments are generally recognized as having little cultural bias.
If you want to try playing with a simulation of Quantum Computing, you can check out my tutorial that shows you how to do Gover's Algorithm using QCF on Octace.
It seems that quantum computing has consistently been viewed as harder than it really is
Quantum computing with a few qubits is easy. Quantum computing with enough qubits for actual useful problems (i.e. thousands of qubits) and maintaining coherence is really unclear. The scaling issue is the problem.
That said, the UCSB group seems to be on to something!
People only get killed in cases of "legitimate" hurricanes!
So Kenya and Ecuador increasing their human capital would dilute the stock of educated people worldwide, leading to its value dropping everywhere.
Economists would argue that if the people of Kenya and Ecuador become more educated, there would be even more great ideas, innovation, and kinds of production into the world that would allow everyone to become more productive (imagine Kenyan Einsteins, Steve Jobs, etc.)
IQ is basically a novelty in today's society, it doesn't give that much of an advantage.
IQ is correlated highly with income. Each point increase in IQ test scores raises income by between $234 and $616 per year.
Value of a company : How much it would cost to buy
GDP : Domestic output of a country
Indeed, we should be comparing the market capitalization of a company with the inclusive wealth of a country.
A market cap of $622 billion is higher than the current inclusive wealth of Ecuador ($360 billion) or Kenya ($122 billion).
Today it is far easier to achieve "assortative mating" due to advanced economies and enhanced information technology.
Intelligent men and women find each other in college or on the Internet, and have smart children. 100 years ago, intelligent people would be far more willing to marry less intelligent people due to population limitations - based on who lived in their town, or perhaps would trade off looks or brawn for intelligence.
Let's be honest, this is happening, and leading to higher levels of IQ inequality in advanced economies.
wages haven't really correlated with productivity in decades.
What I meant is that the workers in the US who are productive are the ones whose wages are going up, the workers in the US that are not more productive have stagnant ones.
However real total compensation per hour has followed labor productivity.
Here are some "typical" luminously intense LEDs, 45 candela requiring 3.4W. Typical LEO is 200km. lux=candela/(distance^2) = 1.125e-9. Magnitude = -2.5 * log(lux) - 14.2 = 8.17
Generally stars with magnitude > 7 are not considered visible.
Compare with Sirius, at m = -1.6, gives 9.2e-6 lux.
If you gang together a bunch of those 45 candela LEDs, you might have something. Magnitude 7 is reached at three of them. 10 of them would get you magnitude 5.6, around the magnitude of the spiral galaxy M33 (used as a test for naked eye seeing under dark skies).
OK so I found a ~2000cd LED (6000 lumens over 115 degrees), it would need 60W @ 3.15A to do this. That gives you Magnitude 4.
Of the seven brightest stars in Ursa Minor, the dimest three are magnitude 4 to 5.
So as they say on MythBusters, "Plausible".
Not sure if you can blow 60W for long on a small satellite though...