if you have a hand cranked battery you don't need to send hand pulsed morse. You could have interface to let you key it in ahead of time then transmit it in a burst. Such an interface could in fact be a single button. You morse code it in slowly, then it time compresses it to a rapid modulation of the light. repeats it many times, etc... give it's powered now you might even be able to implement a receiver.
Without negating my original post questioning the cuvette geometry, I note that my statement about the volume of liquid and the numbers of individuals is highly mistaken. I mistook cubic mm of millileters which is wrong by 1000 fold. However I still think there is a svere issue with the cuvette dimensions that I'd like explained.
I notice another troubling inconsistency. the experimental set up says that 1ml of medium was added to a given number of paramecium. (e.g. 100 or 25 or 5 or 0 paramecium).
in the study organism section it says the stock culture was kept at 100 paramecium/ml
The problem here is that a paramecium has a size of about 200 to 300 microns. which I take to translate to a volume of.3 * 0.3 *0.3 = 0.027 ml/paramecium.
100 paramecium thus occupy 2.7 ml of solution.
thus you can't have a stock solution of 100 paramecium per ml. Nor can you have 100 indivisuals in 1mm cuvette volume.
Finally If I read the chart correctly the number of indivisuals increased either 3 or 6 fold. There would not be enough water in the cuvette to allow 300 or 600 individuals of volume 0.027 ml to come into existence.
Can some one please confirm for me the geometrically impossible conditions described in the methods section. the section on Cuvette's begins: Populations of Paramecia were separated from each other with cuvettes with a wall thickness of 1.5 mm. Two sizes of cuvettes were used: 2.3 mm x 2.3 mm x 40 mm, and 1.5 mm x 1.5 mm x 45 mm.
these are I beleive the inner and outer cuvettes. He does not state if those numbers given are the outer widths of the inner width of the cuvettes. But under either assumption they are incompatible with the wall thickness:
to be specific: if the all thickness is 1.5mm then the inner cuvette would have to have a width at minimum of two wall thicknesses which would be 3mm. therefore the inner cell specificaiton of 1.5x 1.5 cannot be the outer width and must be the inner width. But then this is incompatible with the 2.3 mm of the outer cuvette. you can't put a 3mm wide inner cuvette into a cuvetter with an inner width of 1mm.
The next problem is the volume in use. if you put 1mm of liquid into the cuvette that was 1.5x1.5 then it's 400 microns deep. after 48 hours this should have evaporated!
can someone else respond to these seeming show stoppers?
Blade runner I suspect was really a merger of the plot line of "do androids dream of electic sheep" with the thematic asian dominated backdrop of the man in the high castle.
I regard blade runner as one of the few movies that is substantially better than the book ("androids dream" ) it is based on.
Most of Philip Dicks' work seems to me to be wonderfully inspired plots and concepts that get at the nature of perception but executed with cardboard characters and loads of quirky descriptive artifacts. I note that for it's period, sci-fi in general tended to lack real characterization and larded in lots of gee-whiz artifcats. PKD endures because of those timeless themes and questions. Hence they make great sources for movies cause after you distill all the dated parts of his work, the stories really are pretty short and snappy.
Also one other comment: could there be a better production company name than Halcyon given that the drug names that promotes the dream state.
We just learned earlier today that RNA is found in primordial soup. That's a lot more complex than a cocaine molecule. I bet you could find cocaine in primoridal soup too.
Indeed it's cocaine's simmilarity to other molecules in your blood that makes it work. One suspects therefore that because natural selection chose to use those as the currency for nuerotransmission that it's because they were present to begin with.
(to understand that you have to appreciate the standard model of the evolution of metabolic pathways. the model says, initially organims will just recruit some abundant molecule as their feedstock or for a transmitter. As that molecule starts to deplete the oranisms will evolve some synthetic pathway for producing that molecule from some other abundant sources. and so on till you get to a situation where the original molecule is scarce but is still used by the system.
thus the fact that we have receptors for cocaine-like molecules suggests that maybe cocaine like molecules were naturally abundant in pre-evolutionary times.
This guy sounds like a manager or IT worker who is having problems with his employees connecting to the work VPN.
it sounds more like he has not stated the problem correctly.
how is it possible that a VPN connection is doing DNS to an external name server? Should not every internet request flow over the vpn from the client to the server. once it reaches the internal vpn server the server should know how to route the internal addresses and for external addresses it could use an external domain name server. the problem described seems like it should not exist. what am I missing?
Yup, it is Apple's store, and they are free to run it as they like. Of course, they also want to encourage people like me to buy Apple products (oooh, so shiny!) Apple does just enough of this stuff to remind me that I'd rather not do business with them.
Oh get off your high horse. Apple sells music. they need a cooperative music industry. Why would the want to jeapordize that? Your crazy and petty to penalize them for acting rationally. Arguably they have done more to reduce DRM than all the negligible force of the whiners combined. Fairplay has always been speedbump not uncrackable DRM and now they sell DRM free tunes.
If you were honest in your claim of taking your custom to stores that support your preference you would be rewarding apple not avoiding them. In truth you will never shop at apple, thus marginalizing yourself and your leverage in the process.
At some point you need a sales conduit if it's like most products. Developing that will take more people and cash.
THe standard VC process is to give you almost but not quite enough cash to bring the device to fruition but not enough to market it and keep your salaries going while you wait for it to catch fire. Then at that point it's round 2 for cash raising: and this is when you find you need a lot of cash and it's gonna cost you most of your company. Oh and there's one more thing...they'll want you to appoint a director of their choice to watch their money. THis is when you are screwed.
So unless this thing can market it self you gotta know what your path to raising capital is before you decide if you'd rather go corporate.
2^57 is way bigger than 144 2^52 is also much bigger than four 4
2^52 / 2^57 = 0,03125 = 3,125% ^none of those are equal
you must be REALLY stupid
I've read that there are places where the people there are so uneducated they often get their commas and periods mixed up. Probably some silly problem with typwriter keys or something I guess. Anyhow how could you expect those backward people who don't even know the right symbol for a decimal point to be able to do math.
Sheesh! good thing you pointed out that bad math to the poor slob. I bet he's feeling pretty stupid right now.
I could not really understand the paper in the answer. But it looked to me like they were talking about a reduction of the brute force time to solve the hash from 2^57 trials to 2^52.
2^52 is about 4x10^15. I don't know how many operations this takes to try, but 2^52 cycles of 1Ghz is 1.7 months of time.
So if it takes 10,000 1Ghz cycles to solve this then you need to accelerate this 10,000 times to get it to 1.7 months.
Brute force parallelism at that kind of scale is now very possible
As I said I did not perfectly understand what is meant by a collision 2^52 however so my consequent analysis may be wrong if it means something else.
Well yes. But how hard would it be to have a colum in the either the gui or the command line file list that provided that info right beside the file name. indeed that's what OS9 and all it's predecessors did. Even posix will show you the privledge masks in the listings. And if you wanted a more compact "ls" format then have one called "lse" that faked the file extensions back on to the names from the creator meta data.
it's not hard or even incompatible with how the user views the files right now. It's just not done because there's no standard implementation of how to store that metadata that is common to file systems, api's or programs.
Your question actually has a face value in excess of it's sarcasm content. How did we get here?
I'm stating common knowledge but it's worth reflection since it paints a large picture. In the begining there was the file and the file was just a marked off stretch of physically contiguous bytes on a tape or drum. it had no internal structure. Have a directory that associated names with files regions was something you had to implement yourself. The filesystems formalized this to having names, hierarchies, and even non-contiguous allocation tables for blocks.
Since that time every new file system has tried to codify the notion of metadata. And in this land of babble, the only common durable hiding place for meta data has turned out to be the filename itself.
Look at HFS for example as a valiant effort in defining meta data like "kind" and "creator", and defining different kinds of forks some of which had uniform storage protocols for resource, so that programs other than the creator could inspect and edit them. And boy what a snarl that has perpertually been. While these still exist, apple has punted and gone to just using file structures and a specially named file (plists) to hold meta data in a quasi XML format.
And so here we are 30 years later and were still putting suffixes on our files just like back in the days of DEC and Prime and even before.
And think about perhaps the biggest failure of the Longhorn Debacle. The promise of a revolutionary new filesystem that put meta data and it's inspection first. An entirely relational storage system underneath that only mimmiced the hierachical system for legacy purposes.
Deleted from Longhorn, promised again for vista, and then gone. Promised for windows 7 then gone.
It's bizzare. Everyone knows what the problem is. HFS was much maligned precisely because it was more complex than suffixes but it's what we really needed back in 1984. and all the others all made so much sense too.
thinking about this more I guess you would need to have half the earth commuting clockwise when the other hemisphere was commuting counter clockwise. But that's doable. You put the cross over points out in the ocean where nobody lives.
either that or we could all drive clockwise and just swap to a new house every night till we go to the ocean. then we turn around and head back.
We should build all workplaces to the west of where people live. The since everyone will be going the same direction cooperatively the earth will move thereby reducing total mileage and commute time. Even if it's only a small amount, when you mutiply that by billions of commuters you will be saving many lifetimes per year in aggragate.
additionally you get a daylight savings time effect where the drive to work is better lit without sacrificing daylight at the end of the day
Slashdot Mirror
Wow! thank you for that link. made my month.
Dan Qualye is having the last laugh.
if you have a hand cranked battery you don't need to send hand pulsed morse. You could have interface to let you key it in ahead of time then transmit it in a burst. Such an interface could in fact be a single button. You morse code it in slowly, then it time compresses it to a rapid modulation of the light. repeats it many times, etc... give it's powered now you might even be able to implement a receiver.
in the end, why would a hand cranked flashlight not be better. maybe one of the shake up ones.
Without negating my original post questioning the cuvette geometry, I note that my statement about the volume of liquid and the numbers of individuals is highly mistaken. I mistook cubic mm of millileters which is wrong by 1000 fold. However I still think there is a svere issue with the cuvette dimensions that I'd like explained.
responding to myself.
I notice another troubling inconsistency. the experimental set up says that 1ml of medium was added to a given number of paramecium. (e.g. 100 or 25 or 5 or 0 paramecium).
in the study organism section it says the stock culture was kept at 100 paramecium/ml
The problem here is that a paramecium has a size of about 200 to 300 microns. which I take to translate to a volume of .3 * 0.3 *0.3 = 0.027 ml/paramecium.
100 paramecium thus occupy 2.7 ml of solution.
thus you can't have a stock solution of 100 paramecium per ml. Nor can you have 100 indivisuals in 1mm cuvette volume.
Finally If I read the chart correctly the number of indivisuals increased either 3 or 6 fold. There would not be enough water in the cuvette to allow 300 or 600 individuals of volume 0.027 ml to come into existence.
Can some one please confirm for me the geometrically impossible conditions described in the methods section. the section on Cuvette's begins:
Populations of Paramecia were separated from each other with cuvettes with a wall thickness of 1.5 mm. Two sizes of cuvettes were used: 2.3 mm x 2.3 mm x 40 mm, and 1.5 mm x 1.5 mm x
45 mm.
these are I beleive the inner and outer cuvettes. He does not state if those numbers given are the outer widths of the inner width of the cuvettes. But under either assumption they are incompatible with the wall thickness:
to be specific: if the all thickness is 1.5mm then the inner cuvette would have to have a width at minimum of two wall thicknesses which would be 3mm. therefore the inner cell specificaiton of 1.5x 1.5 cannot be the outer width and must be the inner width. But then this is incompatible with the 2.3 mm of the outer cuvette. you can't put a 3mm wide inner cuvette into a cuvetter with an inner width of 1mm.
The next problem is the volume in use. if you put 1mm of liquid into the cuvette that was 1.5x1.5 then it's 400 microns deep. after 48 hours this should have evaporated!
can someone else respond to these seeming show stoppers?
Blade runner I suspect was really a merger of the plot line of "do androids dream of electic sheep" with the thematic asian dominated backdrop of the man in the high castle.
I regard blade runner as one of the few movies that is substantially better than the book ("androids dream" ) it is based on.
Most of Philip Dicks' work seems to me to be wonderfully inspired plots and concepts that get at the nature of perception but executed with cardboard characters and loads of quirky descriptive artifacts. I note that for it's period, sci-fi in general tended to lack real characterization and larded in lots of gee-whiz artifcats. PKD endures because of those timeless themes and questions. Hence they make great sources for movies cause after you distill all the dated parts of his work, the stories really are pretty short and snappy.
Also one other comment: could there be a better production company name than Halcyon given that the drug names that promotes the dream state.
We just learned earlier today that RNA is found in primordial soup. That's a lot more complex than a cocaine molecule. I bet you could find cocaine in primoridal soup too.
Indeed it's cocaine's simmilarity to other molecules in your blood that makes it work. One suspects therefore that because natural selection chose to use those as the currency for nuerotransmission that it's because they were present to begin with.
(to understand that you have to appreciate the standard model of the evolution of metabolic pathways. the model says, initially organims will just recruit some abundant molecule as their feedstock or for a transmitter. As that molecule starts to deplete the oranisms will evolve some synthetic pathway for producing that molecule from some other abundant sources. and so on till you get to a situation where the original molecule is scarce but is still used by the system.
thus the fact that we have receptors for cocaine-like molecules suggests that maybe cocaine like molecules were naturally abundant in pre-evolutionary times.
the memento flag:
you can only read the chapters once and in reverse order only.
the pulp fiction flag:
chapter order is randomized
the Bedazzled flag:
last page is missing in mystery novels
the pat robertson flag:
all naughty words like "gay" and "damn" are changed to "homo" and "golly"
they also introduced several modes:
leet speak mode:
so your p4r3nts can't read over your shoulder.
The beevis and bottomhead flag:
all accidental double entedres are bolded (heh heh).
Ascii art mode
speed reading mode: the words disappear from the page at defined rate.
Controverial undocumented ebonics and hot coffee modes.
This guy sounds like a manager or IT worker who is having problems with his employees connecting to the work VPN.
it sounds more like he has not stated the problem correctly.
how is it possible that a VPN connection is doing DNS to an external name server? Should not every internet request flow over the vpn from the client to the server. once it reaches the internal vpn server the server should know how to route the internal addresses and for external addresses it could use an external domain name server. the problem described seems like it should not exist. what am I missing?
I just downloaded the patch. it's 286Mb. Which is still a lot but it's not 729Mb.
Is this Red Matter?
No this is Tenacious-D. And it's Black. Jack Black to be exact. You mine it with the pick of destiny.
Yup, it is Apple's store, and they are free to run it as they like. Of course, they also want to encourage people like me to buy Apple products (oooh, so shiny!) Apple does just enough of this stuff to remind me that I'd rather not do business with them.
Oh get off your high horse. Apple sells music. they need a cooperative music industry. Why would the want to jeapordize that? Your crazy and petty to penalize them for acting rationally. Arguably they have done more to reduce DRM than all the negligible force of the whiners combined. Fairplay has always been speedbump not uncrackable DRM and now they sell DRM free tunes.
If you were honest in your claim of taking your custom to stores that support your preference you would be rewarding apple not avoiding them. In truth you will never shop at apple, thus marginalizing yourself and your leverage in the process.
get some perspective.
primes are beleived to be distributed as
#primes x ~ x/ln(x)
so the number from 0 to 10 is something like
~4
10 to 100:
~17
100 to 1000:
~123
1000 to 10000:
~940
as can be seen the number is more linear than logarithmic.
Bensons law arises when things are distributed logarithically.
thus the appearance of bensons law seems like it may be a suprise
At some point you need a sales conduit if it's like most products. Developing that will take more people and cash.
THe standard VC process is to give you almost but not quite enough cash to bring the device to fruition but not enough to market it and keep your salaries going while you wait for it to catch fire. Then at that point it's round 2 for cash raising: and this is when you find you need a lot of cash and it's gonna cost you most of your company. Oh and there's one more thing...they'll want you to appoint a director of their choice to watch their money. THis is when you are screwed.
So unless this thing can market it self you gotta know what your path to raising capital is before you decide if you'd rather go corporate.
it wasn't you I was poking fun at :-)
but if my math is correct
Actually it's wildly wrong;
2^57 is way bigger than 144
2^52 is also much bigger than four 4
2^52 / 2^57 = 0,03125 = 3,125%
^none of those are equal
you must be REALLY stupid
I've read that there are places where the people there are so uneducated they often get their commas and periods mixed up. Probably some silly problem with typwriter keys or something I guess. Anyhow how could you expect those backward people who don't even know the right symbol for a decimal point to be able to do math.
Sheesh! good thing you pointed out that bad math to the poor slob. I bet he's feeling pretty stupid right now.
I could not really understand the paper in the answer. But it looked to me like they were talking about a reduction of the brute force time to solve the hash from 2^57 trials to 2^52.
2^52 is about 4x10^15. I don't know how many operations this takes to try, but 2^52 cycles of 1Ghz is 1.7 months of time.
So if it takes 10,000 1Ghz cycles to solve this then you need to accelerate this 10,000 times to get it to 1.7 months.
Brute force parallelism at that kind of scale is now very possible
As I said I did not perfectly understand what is meant by a collision 2^52 however so my consequent analysis may be wrong if it means something else.
Well yes. But how hard would it be to have a colum in the either the gui or the command line file list that provided that info right beside the file name. indeed that's what OS9 and all it's predecessors did. Even posix will show you the privledge masks in the listings. And if you wanted a more compact "ls" format then have one called "lse" that faked the file extensions back on to the names from the creator meta data.
it's not hard or even incompatible with how the user views the files right now. It's just not done because there's no standard implementation of how to store that metadata that is common to file systems, api's or programs.
How can this possibly be?
Your question actually has a face value in excess of it's sarcasm content. How did we get here?
I'm stating common knowledge but it's worth reflection since it paints a large picture. In the begining there was the file and the file was just a marked off stretch of physically contiguous bytes on a tape or drum. it had no internal structure. Have a directory that associated names with files regions was something you had to implement yourself. The filesystems formalized this to having names, hierarchies, and even non-contiguous allocation tables for blocks.
Since that time every new file system has tried to codify the notion of metadata. And in this land of babble, the only common durable hiding place for meta data has turned out to be the filename itself.
Look at HFS for example as a valiant effort in defining meta data like "kind" and "creator", and defining different kinds of forks some of which had uniform storage protocols for resource, so that programs other than the creator could inspect and edit them. And boy what a snarl that has perpertually been. While these still exist, apple has punted and gone to just using file structures and a specially named file (plists) to hold meta data in a quasi XML format.
And so here we are 30 years later and were still putting suffixes on our files just like back in the days of DEC and Prime and even before.
And think about perhaps the biggest failure of the Longhorn Debacle. The promise of a revolutionary new filesystem that put meta data and it's inspection first. An entirely relational storage system underneath that only mimmiced the hierachical system for legacy purposes.
Deleted from Longhorn, promised again for vista, and then gone. Promised for windows 7 then gone.
It's bizzare. Everyone knows what the problem is. HFS was much maligned precisely because it was more complex than suffixes but it's what we really needed back in 1984. and all the others all made so much sense too.
Why are suffixes so enduring? How can this be?
[citation needed]
[1]
no no, they cooperatively get home sooner. it's all good.
thinking about this more I guess you would need to have half the earth commuting clockwise when the other hemisphere was commuting counter clockwise. But that's doable. You put the cross over points out in the ocean where nobody lives.
either that or we could all drive clockwise and just swap to a new house every night till we go to the ocean. then we turn around and head back.
We should build all workplaces to the west of where people live. The since everyone will be going the same direction cooperatively the earth will move thereby reducing total mileage and commute time. Even if it's only a small amount, when you mutiply that by billions of commuters you will be saving many lifetimes per year in aggragate.
additionally you get a daylight savings time effect where the drive to work is better lit without sacrificing daylight at the end of the day