For encryption to work right, number theory matters. Generate your P&Q to close, or too far apart, and the encryption is compromised. Generating the primes in the first place, in a manner that is close enough to random to not be compromised by a person who could just walk through the random seeds. Testing that the PQ are indeed prime in a timely manner (miller-rabin test from 1980). As far as "somewhat useful in designing attacks on the alogrithm (RSA)" It's the bedrock of designing the attacks, these people aren't just banging rocks together here.
Yes, the machines do the work, but the knowledge needs to be there.. the farmer sowing Genetically modified Soy doesn't need to know about the molecular biology involved in creating the seeds, he just has to treat them like regular seeds. And if it weren't for the terminator gene (Monsanto's copy protection), the farmer wouldn't need to worry about it again.
The NSA has moved away from RSA to an ECC system, they wouldn't do that If they thought RSA was secure enough, it's expensive. I'd call the NSA dropping it significantly damaging. Besides even if a person did crack RSA, they wouldn't admit it. It would be far to powerful of a tool to just throw out, and a horrible mess if someone just blurted out the algorithm to the world.
As long as your using the term "faith" as interchangeable with "due credit".
They have faith in the system. Scientists have a tough gauntlet to traverse to publish in many fields.
If the experiments prove to be unrepeatable, there is a withdrawal of the paper, which is pretty embarrassing, and make the gauntlet even trickier for future work.
Scientists know that they have something mucked up to some degree, and that some better piece of work will probably eclipse theirs.
However the average person isn't reading scholarly articles, they're reading some watered down version written by a reporter who can either make a readable article, or a factually correct one (often they miss both marks).
People must have faith in others to maintain this lifestyle. I have some faith that the cement used in my building is the proper quality, that my Linux box isn't filled with malware at install. That the coffee I drink is always going to be non-poisonous.
This is idiotic. The government should inconvenience us the least possible amount. Tolls, making a mandatory drive to a tax station, standing in some insanely long line at the DMV- This is all a bunch of garbage.
Mostly I want my government to be invisible. I don't want to have to fill out forms, and mail in paperwork, and calculate how much the price is with tax. I don't want to be evading "use tax" because I'm to lazy to figure out what I bought interstate last year. I don't know anyone who even knows how to pay use tax.
I want services, and I'm aware that a fair tax needs to be charged to provide those services. But when people write these laws up they treat taxpayers time as a free resource.
I don't see how a mileage tax can be considered a good thing.
A gas tax makes fuel efficiency a much more desirable goal.
If were not taxing diesel to the point where it is sufficient to repair the roads, then we're subsidizing shipping to the detriment of trains.
I like things to balance, and for technologies to compete fairly..
I see the whole mileage tax as a really dumb idea.
Though I do see a need to figure out a sensible system to deal with electric vehicles road damage. (Which we subsidize outright anyway, so we can take some time to do this right)
The problem that I see is that the people with H1B's are stuck, so as a homegrown, I have to compete with someone who cant shop around for a better job. Now that guy might be working well below his skillset for some mid grade job, but I have to compete with his skills, and his inability to ask for a proper wage. He can't switch jobs in a reasonable fashion unless he's can prove he's a total rockstar, and then he's still underpaid.
From a corporate view there is no reason to raise wages if you can still get indentured servants instead of employees.
My take is that I don't mind competing with foreign nationals, as long as they are free to compete for a wage. Sure, they'll take some of the better paying jobs, but we'll be getting competent people rising to the top.
Tech wages can never rise while a significant chunk of tech workers are unable to negotiate for better wages.
Well I said in hindsight- because we know that a 9.1 hits it 40 years later. My thought process is in line with what you have verbosely explained, though I can be a bit clumsy in translating concepts to English.
The guys who built the plant are for the most part gone. It's the tech's and engineers that do the day to day work that are in this mess.
This isn't their fault. They're going in an putting their lives at risk after the fact. I completely disagree that it was the fault of "All the guys at Fukushima" this isnt the job of 99% of them. It certainly wasn't something obvious that a fuel tech should have been able to see immediately. These guys were running a nuclear reactor properly, doing what they were supposed to do.
Being a hero is about facing danger when you don't have to for the good of others. Putting out a fire with a hose at a distance isn't heroic, but going into the burning building is, even if you were the idiot whose fault it is in the first place. Repairing a damaged nuclear reactor when you could run away qualifies as heroic in my book.
Yes in perfect 20/20 hindsite, the plant should have been rated for a 9.5 quake plus tsunami. That is bloody expensive- and hard to justify in advance. I'm impressed that it held this well. We live in a world of compromises, even if you make wise decisions your going to get bit from time to time. I don't have the background to know if this was actually a bad decision, or a decent decision with bad circumstance. It doesn't seem on the face of it to be a negligent decision, or serious mismanagement
As far as Japans past, we all have dirty laundry in our history, it's how we act in the here and now that define us. The people of Japan are acting in a far more civilized manner than the mess we had with Katrina. Their behavior is commendable.
Just pick your favorite irrational number in base 3, and that should be enough to muck with a simple minded machine.
heck 3.14159265358979323846264338... you can arbitrarily convert digits to throws, and skip some number to prevent bias so a zero is simply a move to the next number in the list. This of course requires some advanced memorization or a list in front of you. Of course having said that, if a person researches you, then you need to use some strange irrational, like sqrt(69105) of course not actually 69105 as that is number a geek who would do that sort of thing might choose. Of course by the time your that paranoid you should consider professional help. Or be a middle east dictator, your choice.
Imagine taking 8 Harry potter books ((Goblet of Fire) all from different publishers) and putting them into the shredder.
Luckily you placed them in a way such that the lines of the books are intact, and because you have different publishers, the lines don't always match up. And only 60% of the lines from a given book are usable. The rest mangled by the shredder.
You need to find ends from one strip that match the beginning of another strip.
This means that with some patience you could flip through all the scraps and rebuild one copy of Goblet of Fire.
But that 40% of the lines that were mangled by the shredder were at random, some of the passages would not be salvagable, Roughly 1/1600 the of the book would be missing entirely (half a page). Feeding another book into the shredder is kinda expensive to get a quarter page of information, Another 2 to get 3/16th's of a page.
__ different methods are used to get those last few bits of information -- its technical and boring to grad students.
It's useful for a few things
Clinically, you can sequence a carcinoma (cancer) to determine the best course of chemotherapy. If the oxidative damage genes are damaged, you can introduce chemicals that induce oxidative damage. If DNA break repair is damaged, you can go with radiation as a treatment.
For an infection, you can determine if your dealing with a resistant bacteria.. it's a bit expensive right now, but the price will fall.
Tracing back evolution
Bringing back the Mammoth
Building a malaria resistant mosquito.
Building synthetic Spider Silk (with transgenic goat milk (still ironing out kinks))
Finding the Genes that conferred HIV resistance. (some are done)
The MPAA has been making such lousy pics that I haven't even had the urge to download them. Btjunkies top recent downloader is Gullivers Travels. It's sad. And for the most part it's bypassing an $8 subscription to netflix. Just seems like a lot a fear mongering over some people not paying a fee for something that isnt entertaining.
I preinstalled everything on them that I automatically installed on my own PCs.
nethack, the only app that should be on the machine until they figure out how it works.;)
nethack + floppy disk frustration was the genesis of much of my computer knowledge.
Storm
Ok, I muck with this kind of garbage far too often. And saying that you can just google your problems away is a steaming pile.
I get thousands of results on what I'm looking for, the top results might be useful, often they aren't. The install information ALWAYS has some expectations on what is being done, and what is installed. The chance that the instructions are going to be exactly right for your box are pretty slim. Even something dead easy like the nvidia driver will whine about needing all sorts of stuff if you do a minimal or standard install. And the instructions don't mention jack about how to get kernel headers, or the right version of gcc.
So you try another google solution, and do what it says.. and eventually you have really mucked things up,, but you dont know why, xwindows starts but only shows blackness.
Have you ever tried googling for freezes, lockups, lags, and slowness ___ITS AWEFULL___. I'll take cryptic errors any day over googling intermittent slowdowns.
The Ubuntu nvidia install is a couple mouse clicks.
ok in stellar term 600 light years(lyr) is close. Hipparcos is a sattelite that can measure the distance via straightforward paralax. So when earth is on one side of the sun, we take a snapshot, on the other we take another. We compare the photos, and calculate the distance. The stars in the background aren't changing, nearby stars are. We can measure this out to 1600 lyr currently.
Astronomers have a decent clue as to how fast things are spinning and moving, unless we find that the "standard model" is complete garbage. The speed of light changing is a BAD THING, sure it would mess up astronomers, but it would also muck up stars.
Relativity doesn't have a cutoff it has a curve that is very shallow at everything except speeds close to that of light. So hot coffee is aging slower than absolute zero, but by a miniscule amount.
Rationale:
because 10 X.999... = 9.999...
9.999... -.999... = 9.000... ((10-1)*.999)
so 9 times.999 is equal to 9.000...
so 9.000.../9 = 1.000...
so.999 is = 1.000...
so either (1.000... is not equal to 1) or (.999... is equal to 1). So math goes with the second.
Why is everyone saying screenshot?
Once the image is on your screen, it's decrypted... it's yours,
it's in the cache, it's on your harddrive. Not only that, if your
cache is persistent, and you have a super long expiration
on it, it'll be on your drive for X months which may end up
being Their Date+X = new expiration. Oh, that person just
got elected? Hmm, I looked at their profile 4 months ago,
let me rummage in my cache.
Your not getting the tech, it isnt saving a jpeg on your box ever.
At best it's storing an encrypted jpeg in your cache. With an encrypted expiration key
the software sends the expiration key, and gets the picture key via a secure transfer.
Then the key is hanging around your machine in encrypted form, and doesn't need to be fully decrypted to use.
This is a trick, certainly, and hard enough to implement --that the makers of xmpeg didn't bother-- leading to DVD encryption getting hacked.
However a screen capture is a little trickier to defeat, but a good video memory probe can usually defeat that sort of lockout. But with some changes to video cards this could be locked as well.. one of the reasons that I don't plan to buy any displayport hardware if I can avoid it.
from website:
If the images are viewed using a browser in which X-pire! is not installed or using another software for viewing images, only a black and white image is shown with a text indicating where X-pire! can be downloaded (free of charge for solely viewing these images). The image remains protected.
Protected? Is the text everywhere? Humans can't see in
black and white? If it's past expiration is the image still
visible in black and white with text on it? Or does it show
expired?
My guess is what they're showing is just text, and wont have any of the original picture to it.
All in all I still think that this is a pretty sad excuse for software. And of course thy could actually be selling snake oil, and be hand-waving their way through encryption practices.
This of course leads to the horrible side effect-- hiring only idiot programmers that don't have the slightest idea how to bargain.
By the time programmers have paid their way through school they usually have some sort of usable job skills-> computer tech, appliance repair, electrician, plumbing, welding, customer service headset jockey. If they don't have any real world skills after 4+ years of college do you really want them anyway? As a teenager I was clueless about a huge number of things, including that I was clueless. Now I'm confident in my clueless-ness, and much more happy when I discover my foot tickling my tonsils.
Besides, how quickly would the pointy haired boss get around to that raise.
In my experience, most people looking for programming work are horrible, recent grads to seasoned veterans. The simple stuff, like implement quicksort, or a linked list is usually too much for what would appear to be a qualified applicant.but that doesn't scratch the surface.. Understanding version control, compiler errors, linking errors, header files are lost on way too many applicants. The hiring process is a dreadful one.
I'm biased.. But I think that the concept of pipes can really be impressive.. so ps aux | grep username | grep -v grep | awk '{print "kill -9 "$3}' | bash is awesome to understand. Have them do a dpkg -l on a box and make an install script for hundreds of packages. Have them hunt for credit cards #'s using regular expressions, then pipe those through a cc# validator script (yes how to use a computer for evil-- a nice weeklong break of doing bad things).
Teach them how to use Wget to stalk on facebook... heck that will keep them engaged the most, though it does rack up their dark side force points a little too quickly.
These smokers don't believe that they are doing enough harm to have the government interfere. And I think that most juries would agree with that point of view. If juries were working correctly, by only punishing when they are convinced that the defendant did something wrong, not simply the defendant breaking the law. I think we would have a system that would have more sanity.
Prohibition has always worked out so well, I'm sure that it *must* be the right answer.
Prohibition (drugs/alcohol/prostitution/gambling) is the right answer if your in organized crime, otherwise your left with protection rackets and robbery style work. These make people upset in 99.9% of all transactions.
They die at three years old. They're pretty smart.. The neuron argument is kinda bunk-- read "is your brain really necessary" by Roger Lewin, about John Lorber's work.
Brainpower is tricky, and throwing around words like sentient is kinda silly, when there isn't a good test for it anyway.
Slashdot Mirror
For encryption to work right, number theory matters. Generate your P&Q to close, or too far apart, and the encryption is compromised. Generating the primes in the first place, in a manner that is close enough to random to not be compromised by a person who could just walk through the random seeds. Testing that the PQ are indeed prime in a timely manner (miller-rabin test from 1980). As far as "somewhat useful in designing attacks on the alogrithm (RSA)" It's the bedrock of designing the attacks, these people aren't just banging rocks together here.
Yes, the machines do the work, but the knowledge needs to be there.. the farmer sowing Genetically modified Soy doesn't need to know about the molecular biology involved in creating the seeds, he just has to treat them like regular seeds. And if it weren't for the terminator gene (Monsanto's copy protection), the farmer wouldn't need to worry about it again.
The NSA has moved away from RSA to an ECC system, they wouldn't do that If they thought RSA was secure enough, it's expensive. I'd call the NSA dropping it significantly damaging. Besides even if a person did crack RSA, they wouldn't admit it. It would be far to powerful of a tool to just throw out, and a horrible mess if someone just blurted out the algorithm to the world.
As long as your using the term "faith" as interchangeable with "due credit". They have faith in the system. Scientists have a tough gauntlet to traverse to publish in many fields. If the experiments prove to be unrepeatable, there is a withdrawal of the paper, which is pretty embarrassing, and make the gauntlet even trickier for future work. Scientists know that they have something mucked up to some degree, and that some better piece of work will probably eclipse theirs. However the average person isn't reading scholarly articles, they're reading some watered down version written by a reporter who can either make a readable article, or a factually correct one (often they miss both marks). People must have faith in others to maintain this lifestyle. I have some faith that the cement used in my building is the proper quality, that my Linux box isn't filled with malware at install. That the coffee I drink is always going to be non-poisonous.
nope a piece of cellophane should suffice ;) no need to keep track of a battery too.
This is idiotic. The government should inconvenience us the least possible amount. Tolls, making a mandatory drive to a tax station, standing in some insanely long line at the DMV- This is all a bunch of garbage.
Mostly I want my government to be invisible. I don't want to have to fill out forms, and mail in paperwork, and calculate how much the price is with tax. I don't want to be evading "use tax" because I'm to lazy to figure out what I bought interstate last year. I don't know anyone who even knows how to pay use tax.
I want services, and I'm aware that a fair tax needs to be charged to provide those services. But when people write these laws up they treat taxpayers time as a free resource.
I don't see how a mileage tax can be considered a good thing.
A gas tax makes fuel efficiency a much more desirable goal.
If were not taxing diesel to the point where it is sufficient to repair the roads, then we're subsidizing shipping to the detriment of trains.
I like things to balance, and for technologies to compete fairly..
I see the whole mileage tax as a really dumb idea.
Though I do see a need to figure out a sensible system to deal with electric vehicles road damage. (Which we subsidize outright anyway, so we can take some time to do this right)
The problem that I see is that the people with H1B's are stuck, so as a homegrown, I have to compete with someone who cant shop around for a better job. Now that guy might be working well below his skillset for some mid grade job, but I have to compete with his skills, and his inability to ask for a proper wage. He can't switch jobs in a reasonable fashion unless he's can prove he's a total rockstar, and then he's still underpaid.
From a corporate view there is no reason to raise wages if you can still get indentured servants instead of employees.
My take is that I don't mind competing with foreign nationals, as long as they are free to compete for a wage. Sure, they'll take some of the better paying jobs, but we'll be getting competent people rising to the top.
Tech wages can never rise while a significant chunk of tech workers are unable to negotiate for better wages.
Well I said in hindsight- because we know that a 9.1 hits it 40 years later. My thought process is in line with what you have verbosely explained, though I can be a bit clumsy in translating concepts to English.
This isn't their fault. They're going in an putting their lives at risk after the fact. I completely disagree that it was the fault of "All the guys at Fukushima" this isnt the job of 99% of them. It certainly wasn't something obvious that a fuel tech should have been able to see immediately. These guys were running a nuclear reactor properly, doing what they were supposed to do.
Being a hero is about facing danger when you don't have to for the good of others. Putting out a fire with a hose at a distance isn't heroic, but going into the burning building is, even if you were the idiot whose fault it is in the first place. Repairing a damaged nuclear reactor when you could run away qualifies as heroic in my book.
Yes in perfect 20/20 hindsite, the plant should have been rated for a 9.5 quake plus tsunami. That is bloody expensive- and hard to justify in advance. I'm impressed that it held this well. We live in a world of compromises, even if you make wise decisions your going to get bit from time to time. I don't have the background to know if this was actually a bad decision, or a decent decision with bad circumstance. It doesn't seem on the face of it to be a negligent decision, or serious mismanagement
As far as Japans past, we all have dirty laundry in our history, it's how we act in the here and now that define us. The people of Japan are acting in a far more civilized manner than the mess we had with Katrina. Their behavior is commendable.
Just pick your favorite irrational number in base 3, and that should be enough to muck with a simple minded machine. heck 3.14159265358979323846264338... you can arbitrarily convert digits to throws, and skip some number to prevent bias so a zero is simply a move to the next number in the list. This of course requires some advanced memorization or a list in front of you. Of course having said that, if a person researches you, then you need to use some strange irrational, like sqrt(69105) of course not actually 69105 as that is number a geek who would do that sort of thing might choose. Of course by the time your that paranoid you should consider professional help. Or be a middle east dictator, your choice.
Imagine taking 8 Harry potter books ((Goblet of Fire) all from different publishers) and putting them into the shredder. Luckily you placed them in a way such that the lines of the books are intact, and because you have different publishers, the lines don't always match up. And only 60% of the lines from a given book are usable. The rest mangled by the shredder.
/16th's of a page.
You need to find ends from one strip that match the beginning of another strip.
This means that with some patience you could flip through all the scraps and rebuild one copy of Goblet of Fire.
But that 40% of the lines that were mangled by the shredder were at random, some of the passages would not be salvagable, Roughly 1/1600 the of the book would be missing entirely (half a page). Feeding another book into the shredder is kinda expensive to get a quarter page of information, Another 2 to get 3
__ different methods are used to get those last few bits of information -- its technical and boring to grad students.
It's useful for a few things Clinically, you can sequence a carcinoma (cancer) to determine the best course of chemotherapy. If the oxidative damage genes are damaged, you can introduce chemicals that induce oxidative damage. If DNA break repair is damaged, you can go with radiation as a treatment.
For an infection, you can determine if your dealing with a resistant bacteria.. it's a bit expensive right now, but the price will fall.
Tracing back evolution
Bringing back the Mammoth
Building a malaria resistant mosquito.
Building synthetic Spider Silk (with transgenic goat milk (still ironing out kinks))
Finding the Genes that conferred HIV resistance. (some are done)
That a GUI named after diminutive humanoids-- is removing the maximize button.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_debt_by_U.S._presidential_terms
*ducks*
The MPAA has been making such lousy pics that I haven't even had the urge to download them. Btjunkies top recent downloader is Gullivers Travels. It's sad. And for the most part it's bypassing an $8 subscription to netflix. Just seems like a lot a fear mongering over some people not paying a fee for something that isnt entertaining.
nethack, the only app that should be on the machine until they figure out how it works. ;)
nethack + floppy disk frustration was the genesis of much of my computer knowledge.
Storm
Ok, I muck with this kind of garbage far too often. And saying that you can just google your problems away is a steaming pile.
I get thousands of results on what I'm looking for, the top results might be useful, often they aren't. The install information ALWAYS has some expectations on what is being done, and what is installed. The chance that the instructions are going to be exactly right for your box are pretty slim. Even something dead easy like the nvidia driver will whine about needing all sorts of stuff if you do a minimal or standard install. And the instructions don't mention jack about how to get kernel headers, or the right version of gcc.
So you try another google solution, and do what it says.. and eventually you have really mucked things up,, but you dont know why, xwindows starts but only shows blackness.
Have you ever tried googling for freezes, lockups, lags, and slowness ___ITS AWEFULL___. I'll take cryptic errors any day over googling intermittent slowdowns.
The Ubuntu nvidia install is a couple mouse clicks.
Storm
I'd mod you up if I could. rocking observation.
ok in stellar term 600 light years(lyr) is close. Hipparcos is a sattelite that can measure the distance via straightforward paralax. So when earth is on one side of the sun, we take a snapshot, on the other we take another. We compare the photos, and calculate the distance. The stars in the background aren't changing, nearby stars are. We can measure this out to 1600 lyr currently.
Astronomers have a decent clue as to how fast things are spinning and moving, unless we find that the "standard model" is complete garbage. The speed of light changing is a BAD THING, sure it would mess up astronomers, but it would also muck up stars.
Relativity doesn't have a cutoff it has a curve that is very shallow at everything except speeds close to that of light. So hot coffee is aging slower than absolute zero, but by a miniscule amount.
Assertion to be tested
.999... = 1
.999... = 9.999... .999... = 9.000... ((10-1)*.999) .999 is equal to 9.000... /9 = 1.000... .999 is = 1.000...
Rationale:
because 10 X
9.999... -
so 9 times
so 9.000...
so
so either (1.000... is not equal to 1) or (.999... is equal to 1). So math goes with the second.
Your not getting the tech, it isnt saving a jpeg on your box ever. At best it's storing an encrypted jpeg in your cache. With an encrypted expiration key the software sends the expiration key, and gets the picture key via a secure transfer.
Then the key is hanging around your machine in encrypted form, and doesn't need to be fully decrypted to use.
This is a trick, certainly, and hard enough to implement --that the makers of xmpeg didn't bother-- leading to DVD encryption getting hacked.
However a screen capture is a little trickier to defeat, but a good video memory probe can usually defeat that sort of lockout. But with some changes to video cards this could be locked as well.. one of the reasons that I don't plan to buy any displayport hardware if I can avoid it.
My guess is what they're showing is just text, and wont have any of the original picture to it.
All in all I still think that this is a pretty sad excuse for software. And of course thy could actually be selling snake oil, and be hand-waving their way through encryption practices.
This of course leads to the horrible side effect-- hiring only idiot programmers that don't have the slightest idea how to bargain.
By the time programmers have paid their way through school they usually have some sort of usable job skills-> computer tech, appliance repair, electrician, plumbing, welding, customer service headset jockey. If they don't have any real world skills after 4+ years of college do you really want them anyway? As a teenager I was clueless about a huge number of things, including that I was clueless. Now I'm confident in my clueless-ness, and much more happy when I discover my foot tickling my tonsils.
Besides, how quickly would the pointy haired boss get around to that raise.
In my experience, most people looking for programming work are horrible, recent grads to seasoned veterans. The simple stuff, like implement quicksort, or a linked list is usually too much for what would appear to be a qualified applicant.but that doesn't scratch the surface.. Understanding version control, compiler errors, linking errors, header files are lost on way too many applicants. The hiring process is a dreadful one.
Of course pkill works.. that isnt the point. ;)
that just makes them remember one more linux command..
though I would still mod you informative
I'm biased.. But I think that the concept of pipes can really be impressive.. so
ps aux | grep username | grep -v grep | awk '{print "kill -9 "$3}' | bash
is awesome to understand.
Have them do a dpkg -l on a box and make an install script for hundreds of packages. Have them hunt for credit cards #'s using regular expressions, then pipe those through a cc# validator script (yes how to use a computer for evil-- a nice weeklong break of doing bad things).
Teach them how to use Wget to stalk on facebook... heck that will keep them engaged the most, though it does rack up their dark side force points a little too quickly.
shhh dont tell anybody, but governments just add all sorts of FEES, when they can't raise taxes.
Which in turn will be mispronounced to Chalk, which is a kinda workable language name.
It Makes me suspect that the erase feature is fast and dirty.
These smokers don't believe that they are doing enough harm to have the government interfere. And I think that most juries would agree with that point of view. If juries were working correctly, by only punishing when they are convinced that the defendant did something wrong, not simply the defendant breaking the law. I think we would have a system that would have more sanity.
Prohibition has always worked out so well, I'm sure that it *must* be the right answer.
Prohibition (drugs/alcohol/prostitution/gambling) is the right answer if your in organized crime, otherwise your left with protection rackets and robbery style work. These make people upset in 99.9% of all transactions.
They die at three years old. They're pretty smart.. The neuron argument is kinda bunk-- read "is your brain really necessary" by Roger Lewin, about John Lorber's work. Brainpower is tricky, and throwing around words like sentient is kinda silly, when there isn't a good test for it anyway.