You're right, I should have said 1 ton of mineral per ton of C02. A ton of burned fossil fuel should become about 3.7 tons of C02.
It wouldn't be much fun, but it would still be energetically positive, at least for a little while. If the products are valuable enough zero carbon coal power plants might even be economically competitive with renewables in some places.
Why? Darwin and the Linux kernel are both developed by small groups of mostly (entirely?) paid professionals with tightly controlled membership. So is the Windows kernel.
Oh right, you mean tablets and smartphones, which are completely dominated by two open source operating systems that didn't really get anywhere until two gigantic companies adopted them, made them over, and added lots of proprietary bits.
Microsoft isn't doing poorly in mobile devices because Windows isn't open source. They're doing poorly because they were late to the party and even later with a mobile version of Windows that didn't suck.
Agree on Omnigraffle and Keynote. I'm a scientist and I make figures and posters in Omnigraffle while everyone else uses Powerpoint. I still use Excel occasionally, mostly to touch up other people's spreadsheets before loading them with a real language (Python linked to R).
You can drag and drop things into Word, you just don't want to because it works so poorly. I haven't used Windows Word in a while, but when I did it worked just as badly on Windows. You'd drag an image into your document and Word would decide you wanted a ridiculously low resolution version of it. Maybe Microsoft finally fixed it on Windows and just never bothered to port the fix to the Mac.
Ah, so it's crippled relative to another Mac app. Yeah, I agree with that. I'd love to use Pages, except it's a bit weak on the change tracking and reference management side. Office for Mac seems less unwieldy, slow and frustrating than the Windows version though.
I imagine you could get it from sea water, which is what coral must do. But the solution they're using is in the link I posted - you use carbonates of other metals. You can dig those up.
Do chemists like Windows and visual studio? All the scientists I've ever met who use computers for more than word processing wouldn't touch either. Science is one of the few areas where you go to download some software and it works on everything *except* Windows.
"Office for Mac is intentionally crippled to give a leverage to the Windows OS and it is a shame."
How so? Lack of Access? Short lived lack of visual basic scripting?
I've always thought lack of Access was a *definite* advantage, and Microsoft happened to remove VBS right before all the macro viruses came out. They've since put it back in, I think.
I've always found Office for Mac much more pleasant to use than the Windows one. Faster, more compatible and more likely to leave your damned figures where you damned well put them.
How can Microsoft "exponentially increase the use of their software" when it's already got a majority share? I guess if the exponent is a fraction....
Microsoft has been trying to migrate to being a software services company, which is what they'd have to be if they open sourced their products. They've been failing miserably. As for open source, it does wonderfully at things where "the community" has an interest. That's why Apache and server versions of Linux have done so well. It does miserably at things that require skills that "the community" doesn't have so much of an interest in, such as design. That's why open source hasn't done well on end user machines, unless some corporation has added in the interface, as Google and Apple did.
The open source community has done some great things, but they are not all powerful. They have very well defined weaknesses. Those weaknesses happen to match up with the areas where Microsoft still makes money.
I think Apple quite rightly decided that nobody is going to buy a luxury server. When you want a server you buy some functional hardware and install Linux on it. Macs work quite nicely with Linux servers.
A whole bunch of OEMs building gray boxes and scrabbling over razor thin and ever decreasing margins while Apple caters to the high end and walks away with a highly disproportionate piece of the entire industry's profits? That's not much of a prediction, it's already happened.
Counting is a special case of summing when every entry is a one. The mathematical operation is summation. To count a bunch of digital clock pulses you'd use an adder circuit. To do the equivalent in the analog world you use an integrator.
It's been a while since I did chemistry, but calcium carbonate can be made from calcium oxide and carbon dioxide in the presence of water. I think that's more or less how it's done in sea creatures. So you've got:
CaO + H2O + CO2 --> CaCO3 + H2O
I believe the reaction takes place spontaneously when you dissolve calcium oxide and CO2 in water. To check, add up the standard enthalpy of formation for both sides. The water cancels, of course, leaving:
635 kJ/mol + 393.5 kJ/mol --> 1207 kJmol
Right is more negative than the left so the reaction is exothermic. Calcium carbonate is basically limestone or marble, so a nice building material, mixed with other stuff to stabilize it against acid rain. Leaving the question of where you get the CaO.
Looks like the reactions are all exothermic, but you have to come up with the minerals, which means mining a ton and a bit of rock for every ton of coal you burn. But you get building materials out of the bargain too.
Well, it's tough when it's cold. Propane liquifies around -40 C and won't come out of the bottle. You can use charcoal, but it can be hard to light too. It's also hard to find good utensils to flip the burgers: any plastic gets pretty brittle, and metal handles have a nasty habit of sticking to skin. But agreed, -10 C is wonderful BBQ weather.
I've been in Winnipeg in January, as well as most other times of the year. Winnipeg winter is comparable to northern Alberta winter, except without chinooks to break up the eyelash freezing, shoe sole breaking cold spells. Which is impressive, considering how far south you guys are. Southern Alberta winter is considerably milder (I've lived there too).
I'm not sure what you mean by amplitude. I doubt very much I'm talking about it.
Think about how you're going to measure the time between peaks without a timer that is more accurate than the one you're testing. You can't. One solution is to measure the relative difference between the time indicated by one clock, and the time indicated by another. You could do this simply by counting peaks for a period of time, or by doing something fancier such as looking at the relative phase of the two outputs. Both methods let you measure the stability (which is NOT defined as your quote suggests, according to another poster who actually works on atomic clocks), but neither method requires a more accurate time source, and neither method lets you determine the accuracy of your clock.
The summary is wrong. The submitter even contradicts himself. He states that the four biggest states do not have a population-representative number of scientists and engineers, implying there is clustering not in those states, then insists there is no clustering.
No, you don't. The easiest way is just to sum peaks, or rising edges, or whatever. Come back tomorrow and compare the totals for a bunch of clocks. There's your stability measurement with one number per clock. No time series.
Collecting a time series is hard, and probably impossible in this case. You have to be able to sample fast enough, and your sampling must be more consistent and more accurate than what you're measuring.
Except it's highly unlikely they collect a time series. The summary suggests they have two clocks and they're comparing the two of them. Relative drift between the two indicates instability, but it doesn't say anything about how accurate they are.
Hm... that might be a little generous. In Canada a typical grad student makes around $20000 a year. More if you've got a good scholarship, but most don't. I had heard that the US was similar, or a little worse. Oh yeah, and you have to pay tuition out of that, so it's really more like $15000.
He he. Some idiot one day thought "we fired his ass" was too harsh and not fancy enough, so started saying "we terminated his employment." Then some other idiots simplified that to "we terminated him." So now instead of saying "we fired his ass" all the PHBs and personnel drones just say "we killed him."
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You're right, I should have said 1 ton of mineral per ton of C02. A ton of burned fossil fuel should become about 3.7 tons of C02.
It wouldn't be much fun, but it would still be energetically positive, at least for a little while. If the products are valuable enough zero carbon coal power plants might even be economically competitive with renewables in some places.
Why? Darwin and the Linux kernel are both developed by small groups of mostly (entirely?) paid professionals with tightly controlled membership. So is the Windows kernel.
Oh right, you mean tablets and smartphones, which are completely dominated by two open source operating systems that didn't really get anywhere until two gigantic companies adopted them, made them over, and added lots of proprietary bits.
Microsoft isn't doing poorly in mobile devices because Windows isn't open source. They're doing poorly because they were late to the party and even later with a mobile version of Windows that didn't suck.
Agree on Omnigraffle and Keynote. I'm a scientist and I make figures and posters in Omnigraffle while everyone else uses Powerpoint. I still use Excel occasionally, mostly to touch up other people's spreadsheets before loading them with a real language (Python linked to R).
You can drag and drop things into Word, you just don't want to because it works so poorly. I haven't used Windows Word in a while, but when I did it worked just as badly on Windows. You'd drag an image into your document and Word would decide you wanted a ridiculously low resolution version of it. Maybe Microsoft finally fixed it on Windows and just never bothered to port the fix to the Mac.
Didn't read the link hey? Each of the three leading mineral candidates can bind close to their weight in CO2, within about 20%.
Ah, so it's crippled relative to another Mac app. Yeah, I agree with that. I'd love to use Pages, except it's a bit weak on the change tracking and reference management side. Office for Mac seems less unwieldy, slow and frustrating than the Windows version though.
I imagine you could get it from sea water, which is what coral must do. But the solution they're using is in the link I posted - you use carbonates of other metals. You can dig those up.
Do chemists like Windows and visual studio? All the scientists I've ever met who use computers for more than word processing wouldn't touch either. Science is one of the few areas where you go to download some software and it works on everything *except* Windows.
"Office for Mac is intentionally crippled to give a leverage to the Windows OS and it is a shame."
How so? Lack of Access? Short lived lack of visual basic scripting?
I've always thought lack of Access was a *definite* advantage, and Microsoft happened to remove VBS right before all the macro viruses came out. They've since put it back in, I think.
I've always found Office for Mac much more pleasant to use than the Windows one. Faster, more compatible and more likely to leave your damned figures where you damned well put them.
How can Microsoft "exponentially increase the use of their software" when it's already got a majority share? I guess if the exponent is a fraction....
Microsoft has been trying to migrate to being a software services company, which is what they'd have to be if they open sourced their products. They've been failing miserably. As for open source, it does wonderfully at things where "the community" has an interest. That's why Apache and server versions of Linux have done so well. It does miserably at things that require skills that "the community" doesn't have so much of an interest in, such as design. That's why open source hasn't done well on end user machines, unless some corporation has added in the interface, as Google and Apple did.
The open source community has done some great things, but they are not all powerful. They have very well defined weaknesses. Those weaknesses happen to match up with the areas where Microsoft still makes money.
I think Apple quite rightly decided that nobody is going to buy a luxury server. When you want a server you buy some functional hardware and install Linux on it. Macs work quite nicely with Linux servers.
A whole bunch of OEMs building gray boxes and scrabbling over razor thin and ever decreasing margins while Apple caters to the high end and walks away with a highly disproportionate piece of the entire industry's profits? That's not much of a prediction, it's already happened.
Counting is a special case of summing when every entry is a one. The mathematical operation is summation. To count a bunch of digital clock pulses you'd use an adder circuit. To do the equivalent in the analog world you use an integrator.
It's been a while since I did chemistry, but calcium carbonate can be made from calcium oxide and carbon dioxide in the presence of water. I think that's more or less how it's done in sea creatures. So you've got:
CaO + H2O + CO2 --> CaCO3 + H2O
I believe the reaction takes place spontaneously when you dissolve calcium oxide and CO2 in water. To check, add up the standard enthalpy of formation for both sides. The water cancels, of course, leaving:
635 kJ/mol + 393.5 kJ/mol --> 1207 kJmol
Right is more negative than the left so the reaction is exothermic. Calcium carbonate is basically limestone or marble, so a nice building material, mixed with other stuff to stabilize it against acid rain. Leaving the question of where you get the CaO.
Having done all that work, I found this: http://www.globalccsinstitute.com/publications/novel-co2-capture-taskforce-report/online/54351.
Looks like the reactions are all exothermic, but you have to come up with the minerals, which means mining a ton and a bit of rock for every ton of coal you burn. But you get building materials out of the bargain too.
Well, it's tough when it's cold. Propane liquifies around -40 C and won't come out of the bottle. You can use charcoal, but it can be hard to light too. It's also hard to find good utensils to flip the burgers: any plastic gets pretty brittle, and metal handles have a nasty habit of sticking to skin. But agreed, -10 C is wonderful BBQ weather.
I've been in Winnipeg in January, as well as most other times of the year. Winnipeg winter is comparable to northern Alberta winter, except without chinooks to break up the eyelash freezing, shoe sole breaking cold spells. Which is impressive, considering how far south you guys are. Southern Alberta winter is considerably milder (I've lived there too).
I'm not sure what you mean by amplitude. I doubt very much I'm talking about it.
Think about how you're going to measure the time between peaks without a timer that is more accurate than the one you're testing. You can't. One solution is to measure the relative difference between the time indicated by one clock, and the time indicated by another. You could do this simply by counting peaks for a period of time, or by doing something fancier such as looking at the relative phase of the two outputs. Both methods let you measure the stability (which is NOT defined as your quote suggests, according to another poster who actually works on atomic clocks), but neither method requires a more accurate time source, and neither method lets you determine the accuracy of your clock.
The summary is wrong. The submitter even contradicts himself. He states that the four biggest states do not have a population-representative number of scientists and engineers, implying there is clustering not in those states, then insists there is no clustering.
No, you don't. The easiest way is just to sum peaks, or rising edges, or whatever. Come back tomorrow and compare the totals for a bunch of clocks. There's your stability measurement with one number per clock. No time series.
Collecting a time series is hard, and probably impossible in this case. You have to be able to sample fast enough, and your sampling must be more consistent and more accurate than what you're measuring.
Except it's highly unlikely they collect a time series. The summary suggests they have two clocks and they're comparing the two of them. Relative drift between the two indicates instability, but it doesn't say anything about how accurate they are.
You must be from southern Alberta. ;)
You must be from New England or something. Some of us call those temperatures "BBQ weather."
Hm... that might be a little generous. In Canada a typical grad student makes around $20000 a year. More if you've got a good scholarship, but most don't. I had heard that the US was similar, or a little worse. Oh yeah, and you have to pay tuition out of that, so it's really more like $15000.
He he. Some idiot one day thought "we fired his ass" was too harsh and not fancy enough, so started saying "we terminated his employment." Then some other idiots simplified that to "we terminated him." So now instead of saying "we fired his ass" all the PHBs and personnel drones just say "we killed him."
Um, so?
Someone who believes in a different ideology you say? In the state department of a democracy? Heaven forbid!
McCarthy and the other rabid communist haters is an excellent example of demonising people with different beliefs. Just as the OP said.