But what, pray tell, is the function of skiing? Unless you live in the Alps and are using it as some sort of commute method, it's purely entertainment that carries with it a risk of bodily harm---much like drinking alcohol or smoking cigarettes.
Just about the only organization I have to deal with that I like less than the cable companies and phone companies is the local homeowner's association.
you should also add in the equivalent costs for electric: energy used to mine coal and get it to power plants, energy used to mine lead, nickel, cadmium, and other heavy metals and manufacture batteries with them (and then dispose of them as toxic waste), etc.
Coke's UK launch of Dasani failed primarily due to an almost immediate full recall after the initial batches were found to be contaminated with bromate. That basically killed the brand from the start, making what people thought of tap vs. spring water a moot point.
(And the bromate contamination was, oddly enough, not actually present in the tap water they source Dasani from, but was introduced in the "purification" process.)
There's been a small amount of previous research in jazz solo composition, including a real-time solo-trading system that learns solo styles from data. Here's one paper describing the system that seems to have made the most progress.
But, as a practical matter, Obama would not have even been in the running for a major-party nomination if he had been convicted of a drug-related felony.
"We have too long taken the view that what we would term to be minor crimes are not important," Holder said, referring to current attitudes toward marijuana use and other offenses such as panhandling.
When he was a U.S. Attorney in D.C., he seemed to spend a lot of effort attempting to impose massive penalties for low-level marijuana possession. Because, you know, people possessing small quantities of marijuana are really a big problem, and overcrowded prisons aren't. I wonder if Holder thinks Obama, as an admitted drug user, ought to be a convicted felon instead of in the White House? Or is it only a crime if you get caught? Basically either Holder is wrong here, and possession of marijuana should not automatically ruin someone's life with felony charges, or Obama is unfit to be president. Either way, I don't see how the two can be reasonably paired.
Banks knew they were making these loans. They knew the assets they were holding on their balance sheets. They were responsible for holding sufficient reserves to cover the risk on their balance sheets. They underestimated the risk, were woefully undercapitalized and overleveraged, and failed.
In addition, most of the financial instruments causing losses aren't even real mortgages. Credit-default swaps on mortgages were initially a way of decoupling credit risk from interest-rate risk: so you could buy a securitized mortgage, but also buy effectively default insurance. Except, you could buy the default "insurance" if you didn't own the mortgage too. And people totally unconnected to the mortgage could sell the swaps. End result: every outstanding mortgage had on average seventy times its value in outstanding derivatives.
The problem was not that some $300k houses foreclosed. Even semi-competent banks could handle that without the entire financial system collapsing. It's that each of those $300k houses had $21 million in financial instruments riding on it. And whose fault is that? The unregulated free market, combined with the financial industry being run by incompetent idiots who couldn't do credible risk estimation if their business depended on it (which it did).
Bloody murder... or bloody LIE? Four mysterious skeletons found with holes in their skulls: join us as we delve into this shocking tale. Archaeologists say they were murdered... but could the truth be far more horrible?
Foreign grad students in science/engineering are hugely skewed towards male, making the gender bias look worse than it'd be if you only considered US citizens/nationals.
Looking at these stats from 2006, science/engineering grad students overall were 57% male, 43% female in 2006. But among U.S. citizens and permanent residents, it was 52% male, 48% female---nearly parity. This was offset by holders of temporary student visas being 67% male, 33% female.
I was thinking of this one when I made that comment. The entire discussion, including a back and forth with a Nobel Prize winner, is embarrassing to read, and clearly evinces a total lack of understanding of undergraduate philosophy in the area. In particular, they seem to assume a simple form of incompatibilism is universally accepted (i.e. that free will and determinism are inherently incompatible), when it's actually probably a minority view, with compatibilism (e.g. recently defended by Daniel Dennett) being more widespread.
I agree he's probably not an amateur, but that doesn't necessarily mean he's selling his recordings professionally either: the sorts of groups that put out pirated movie releases for free online are rather impressively dedicated and organized as well.
I do agree that if he was part of a professional piracy syndicate jail time would be a reasonable option, but we already have laws for that. He doesn't appear to have been even accused of being part of any sort of for-profit criminal endeavor, let alone convicted, so I certainly wouldn't want him put in jail on mere suspicion.
Most areas of science strongly rely on philosophy, and most scientists understand it poorly, usually to the detriment of the technical quality of their work. You can see this all the time, from physicists publishing embarrassingly poor papers on how quantum mechanics "disproves free will" (apparently without even an undergraduate understanding of free will), to AI researchers with little background in philosophy of mind, to statisticians rediscovering the problem of induction every few years. Not to mention the very naive understanding of the "scientific method" that an intro course in philosophy of science might be useful in addressing.
In any case, pure (as opposed to applied) math has not very much to do with the hard sciences. And there is furthermore just not enough time to fit in everything people need. A good understanding of computer science is, for example, required for most technical fields these days as well, and also fairly under-taught; probably I'd put it ahead of physics in importance to most non-majors.
I'm not aware of any evidence of that historically, despite being fairly familiar with the historiography of this era. The pre-power Nazi Party did receive donations from anti-Semitic small businessmen who liked its racial message, but prior to about 1933 or 1934 it received virtually nothing from large corporations: certainly not during the period (1926-1930) when the socialist Strasser brothers had major leadership positions in the party. Even after Otto Strasser's expulsion in 1930 mollified some businessmen, the conservatives still spent more effort trying to split and coopt the Nazis than support them: e.g. von Schleicher tried to appoint Strasser to a position in his government in 1932 in order to weaken Hitler.
As far as I know 1934, and especially the Night of the Long Knives, is agreed upon by most historians as the turning point where Hitler purged the socialists and threw his lot in with the business and aristocratic conservatives, who thereafter duly supported him.
Your link goes to a book chapter that starts with that quote as an example of "Marxist and liberal denial of fascism's revolutionary credentials", then goes to argue that this is a mistaken view.
If you define Communism as purely a Marxist idea, i.e. nothing outside the works of Karl Marx (and maybe Engels), then it's somewhat underspecified, so could be a lot of things.
The most prominent use of "communism", both in practice and among Marxist theorists, is rather Marxism-Leninism, which has a specific political program involving a "vanguard party" that will seize power in the name of the masses and shepherd the transition to communism. It's not too hard to see how this vanguard party, which is purposely intended to be smallish, tight-knit, and fully controlling of the political process in the initial stages, could lead to authoritarianism if the promised transition never happens.
The NSDAP had multiple wings prior to the takeover, of which the socialist wing (concentrated in the working-class-dominated SA "brownshirts") was one of the largest and most powerful. Hitler didn't have backing of the corporate and aristocratic class initially: they saw him as a nut who might be useful.
*After* Hitler had gotten into power, the SA's agitation for socialist reform of the economy, and especially its calls to replace the old conservative army with itself as the new German army, led to strong pressure on Hitler to dissociate himself from them. Hence the Night of the Long Knives, in which most were murdered, purging the party of its socialist element. After that, Hitler received strong support of the conservative business and aristocratic classes.
Seven years ago, The Register devastated me with this terrible news:
It's backward compatibility that has MS in a trap now. "NTLMv2 was created to address many of these issues, and if Windows came configured to use only NTLMv2 these would not be issues, unless the user knowingly opened himself up to allow communication with older operating systems," Sir Dystic noted. [...] However, if for some reason it's necessary for you to use the many thrilling features of Windows networking without NTLMv2, then there is absolutely nothing you can do but pray.
Finally, I can use my favorite thrilling NTLM features without giving in and using NTLMv2!
If the goal is just to allow small businesses to shield their owners from liability, an arrangement such as a limited-liability partnership (LLP) or limited-liability company (LLC) ought to suffice.
The computer science departments I've been in have generally had at least one or two researchers specializing in logic, and they've typically taught a class on it, similar to the second class you describe, with a bit more emphasis on things like applications of automated theorem proving towards the end of the class.
I'd say mathematical logic classes tend to be more detailed but less broad: they focus on the rigorous mathematical treatment of usually one or two relatively well-behaved logics, like propositional logic or first-order logic.
Philosophical logic classes, by contrast, study these logics in less depth, but put more emphasis on comparisons between logics, the relationship between logic and natural-language argument and thought (and science), and so on.
Which of these is watered down I suppose depends on your perspective. Introductory philosophical logic classes typically have much weaker treatment of issues such as decidability, model theory, interpretations, syntax vs. semantics, and so on. On the other hand, introductory mathematical logic classes typically have much weaker treatment of issues such as nonmonotonic logics, higher-order logics, autoepistemic logics, the relationship between logic and science/mathematics, the ontological commitments inherent in a choice of logic (if any), etc.
Slashdot Mirror
If your goal is to promote good health, there are many safer activities than skiing you could participate in.
As for drinking and smoking, I disagree; they are entertaining in themselves.
But what, pray tell, is the function of skiing? Unless you live in the Alps and are using it as some sort of commute method, it's purely entertainment that carries with it a risk of bodily harm---much like drinking alcohol or smoking cigarettes.
Just about the only organization I have to deal with that I like less than the cable companies and phone companies is the local homeowner's association.
you should also add in the equivalent costs for electric: energy used to mine coal and get it to power plants, energy used to mine lead, nickel, cadmium, and other heavy metals and manufacture batteries with them (and then dispose of them as toxic waste), etc.
of mining exotic minerals, manufacturing them into batteries, and then cleanly disposing of said batteries at the end of their life cycles?
Coke's UK launch of Dasani failed primarily due to an almost immediate full recall after the initial batches were found to be contaminated with bromate. That basically killed the brand from the start, making what people thought of tap vs. spring water a moot point.
(And the bromate contamination was, oddly enough, not actually present in the tap water they source Dasani from, but was introduced in the "purification" process.)
There's been a small amount of previous research in jazz solo composition, including a real-time solo-trading system that learns solo styles from data. Here's one paper describing the system that seems to have made the most progress.
But, as a practical matter, Obama would not have even been in the running for a major-party nomination if he had been convicted of a drug-related felony.
When he was a U.S. Attorney in D.C., he seemed to spend a lot of effort attempting to impose massive penalties for low-level marijuana possession. Because, you know, people possessing small quantities of marijuana are really a big problem, and overcrowded prisons aren't. I wonder if Holder thinks Obama, as an admitted drug user, ought to be a convicted felon instead of in the White House? Or is it only a crime if you get caught? Basically either Holder is wrong here, and possession of marijuana should not automatically ruin someone's life with felony charges, or Obama is unfit to be president. Either way, I don't see how the two can be reasonably paired.
Banks knew they were making these loans. They knew the assets they were holding on their balance sheets. They were responsible for holding sufficient reserves to cover the risk on their balance sheets. They underestimated the risk, were woefully undercapitalized and overleveraged, and failed.
In addition, most of the financial instruments causing losses aren't even real mortgages. Credit-default swaps on mortgages were initially a way of decoupling credit risk from interest-rate risk: so you could buy a securitized mortgage, but also buy effectively default insurance. Except, you could buy the default "insurance" if you didn't own the mortgage too. And people totally unconnected to the mortgage could sell the swaps. End result: every outstanding mortgage had on average seventy times its value in outstanding derivatives.
The problem was not that some $300k houses foreclosed. Even semi-competent banks could handle that without the entire financial system collapsing. It's that each of those $300k houses had $21 million in financial instruments riding on it. And whose fault is that? The unregulated free market, combined with the financial industry being run by incompetent idiots who couldn't do credible risk estimation if their business depended on it (which it did).
Bloody murder... or bloody LIE? Four mysterious skeletons found with holes in their skulls: join us as we delve into this shocking tale. Archaeologists say they were murdered... but could the truth be far more horrible?
Foreign grad students in science/engineering are hugely skewed towards male, making the gender bias look worse than it'd be if you only considered US citizens/nationals.
Looking at these stats from 2006, science/engineering grad students overall were 57% male, 43% female in 2006. But among U.S. citizens and permanent residents, it was 52% male, 48% female---nearly parity. This was offset by holders of temporary student visas being 67% male, 33% female.
I was thinking of this one when I made that comment. The entire discussion, including a back and forth with a Nobel Prize winner, is embarrassing to read, and clearly evinces a total lack of understanding of undergraduate philosophy in the area. In particular, they seem to assume a simple form of incompatibilism is universally accepted (i.e. that free will and determinism are inherently incompatible), when it's actually probably a minority view, with compatibilism (e.g. recently defended by Daniel Dennett) being more widespread.
I agree he's probably not an amateur, but that doesn't necessarily mean he's selling his recordings professionally either: the sorts of groups that put out pirated movie releases for free online are rather impressively dedicated and organized as well.
I do agree that if he was part of a professional piracy syndicate jail time would be a reasonable option, but we already have laws for that. He doesn't appear to have been even accused of being part of any sort of for-profit criminal endeavor, let alone convicted, so I certainly wouldn't want him put in jail on mere suspicion.
especially anything in the real world
So why would this be in a math program, again? ;-)
Most areas of science strongly rely on philosophy, and most scientists understand it poorly, usually to the detriment of the technical quality of their work. You can see this all the time, from physicists publishing embarrassingly poor papers on how quantum mechanics "disproves free will" (apparently without even an undergraduate understanding of free will), to AI researchers with little background in philosophy of mind, to statisticians rediscovering the problem of induction every few years. Not to mention the very naive understanding of the "scientific method" that an intro course in philosophy of science might be useful in addressing.
In any case, pure (as opposed to applied) math has not very much to do with the hard sciences. And there is furthermore just not enough time to fit in everything people need. A good understanding of computer science is, for example, required for most technical fields these days as well, and also fairly under-taught; probably I'd put it ahead of physics in importance to most non-majors.
I'm not aware of any evidence of that historically, despite being fairly familiar with the historiography of this era. The pre-power Nazi Party did receive donations from anti-Semitic small businessmen who liked its racial message, but prior to about 1933 or 1934 it received virtually nothing from large corporations: certainly not during the period (1926-1930) when the socialist Strasser brothers had major leadership positions in the party. Even after Otto Strasser's expulsion in 1930 mollified some businessmen, the conservatives still spent more effort trying to split and coopt the Nazis than support them: e.g. von Schleicher tried to appoint Strasser to a position in his government in 1932 in order to weaken Hitler.
As far as I know 1934, and especially the Night of the Long Knives, is agreed upon by most historians as the turning point where Hitler purged the socialists and threw his lot in with the business and aristocratic conservatives, who thereafter duly supported him.
Your link goes to a book chapter that starts with that quote as an example of "Marxist and liberal denial of fascism's revolutionary credentials", then goes to argue that this is a mistaken view.
If you define Communism as purely a Marxist idea, i.e. nothing outside the works of Karl Marx (and maybe Engels), then it's somewhat underspecified, so could be a lot of things.
The most prominent use of "communism", both in practice and among Marxist theorists, is rather Marxism-Leninism, which has a specific political program involving a "vanguard party" that will seize power in the name of the masses and shepherd the transition to communism. It's not too hard to see how this vanguard party, which is purposely intended to be smallish, tight-knit, and fully controlling of the political process in the initial stages, could lead to authoritarianism if the promised transition never happens.
The NSDAP had multiple wings prior to the takeover, of which the socialist wing (concentrated in the working-class-dominated SA "brownshirts") was one of the largest and most powerful. Hitler didn't have backing of the corporate and aristocratic class initially: they saw him as a nut who might be useful.
*After* Hitler had gotten into power, the SA's agitation for socialist reform of the economy, and especially its calls to replace the old conservative army with itself as the new German army, led to strong pressure on Hitler to dissociate himself from them. Hence the Night of the Long Knives, in which most were murdered, purging the party of its socialist element. After that, Hitler received strong support of the conservative business and aristocratic classes.
Seven years ago, The Register devastated me with this terrible news:
Finally, I can use my favorite thrilling NTLM features without giving in and using NTLMv2!
Even if no legal difference, if we're just discussing things on the web there's a bit of a difference between the four possibilities of:
legally right, but a jerk;
legally wrong, and furthermore, a jerk;
legally right, and we're all on your side; or
legally wrong, but I can sympathize.
If the goal is just to allow small businesses to shield their owners from liability, an arrangement such as a limited-liability partnership (LLP) or limited-liability company (LLC) ought to suffice.
The computer science departments I've been in have generally had at least one or two researchers specializing in logic, and they've typically taught a class on it, similar to the second class you describe, with a bit more emphasis on things like applications of automated theorem proving towards the end of the class.
I'd say mathematical logic classes tend to be more detailed but less broad: they focus on the rigorous mathematical treatment of usually one or two relatively well-behaved logics, like propositional logic or first-order logic.
Philosophical logic classes, by contrast, study these logics in less depth, but put more emphasis on comparisons between logics, the relationship between logic and natural-language argument and thought (and science), and so on.
Which of these is watered down I suppose depends on your perspective. Introductory philosophical logic classes typically have much weaker treatment of issues such as decidability, model theory, interpretations, syntax vs. semantics, and so on. On the other hand, introductory mathematical logic classes typically have much weaker treatment of issues such as nonmonotonic logics, higher-order logics, autoepistemic logics, the relationship between logic and science/mathematics, the ontological commitments inherent in a choice of logic (if any), etc.