Ha! Would you care to bet money on that? I'm wondering where you think liquid water is on a planet whose surface is 95 degrees K, 178 degrees below the freezing point of water.
But the first infrared images taken by Cassini revealed water ice as dark patches because it is mixed with material that may be organic, raining on to the surface.
These certainly are not the first infrared images taken by Cassini, not even the first of Titan, which were taken in mid April.
It was the earlier images, earth-based images, and the errant idea that the dark areas were ethane oceans which convinced the Cassini-huygens team to choose this landing ellipse. Now that they know different, one wonders whether they'll modify the plan.
The swearing is unnecessary, but I'd also prefer a definition of remote control that didn't allow a physical connection, like shutter cables or dwarves hiding in cabinets, to the device being controlled. In that case, the first true remote control I can think of is for the submersible that Nikola Tesla demonstrated at the 1898 Electrical Exhibition at Madison Square Garden.
No. First, a leached metal becomes soluble (I doubt the metal is locked up in some mineral in the body waiting to be leached anyway), meaning it would be free to float through the body and cause more damage. Second, bacteria in the blood cause septic shock, which can be fatal. Any antibiotic related to penecillin will destroy bacterial cell walls, lysing the cells (and releasing bacterial toxins). If you were hoping the bacteria would sponge up the metals, dosing them with antibiotics would just release the metals. And are silicon and zinc heavy metals? I don't think so.
meckardt writes "Using biological processes to retrieve metals from a subtrate has been at best a topic of science fiction."
Bacteria have been used in the copper and iron mining industries for a long time, especially for the sulfide ores. There's a diagram in the 6th edition (1991) of Biology of Microorganisms by Brock and Madigan, p. 650, of the microbial leaching of copper sulfide minerals. Water containing a ferric sulfate solution is dribbled over a pile of copper sulfide ore. Using oxygen or ferric iron and water, bacteria oxidize the copper into the soluble Cu2+, with ferrous iron, water and sulfate as byproducts. The water moves to a non-biological stage where the Cu2+ is reduced to metal by reacting with iron scrap metal. The iron is oxidized to the soluble ferrous form. In the last stage, another microbe, Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, oxidizes the ferrous ions to ferric ions, and the ferric sulfate solution is pumped back to the top of the hill (occasionally sulfuric acid is added).
Yes. Instead of doing a lot of orbital calculations, I found it much easier to do a reverse time analysis. Obviously any orbit that brings an object to the surface of a (rotating) spherically symmetric mass with any arbitrary velocity is an elliptical orbit that intersects the surface of the mass periodically or a hyperbolic orbit. If you do jump with something more than escape velocity, you will get out of the asteroids gravity well. But you'll still be in orbit... around the sun.
There are a variety of ways of jumping; only some involve jumping from a standstill. Also your analysis doesn't mention the comet's rotation. If you jump straight up, your orbit will be elliptical rather than a 'straight line'. I don't have time to prove that the angular component of velocity is enough to prevent collision. Maybe after I'm done teaching for the day....
But, anyway- New Mexico has a very high density of lightning, second only to parts of FL
According to this flash density map, New Mexico has to get in line behind Louisiana, Alabama, Mississippi, Georgia, Florida, South Carolina, and a handful of other states.
As a captured Kuiper Belt object, it may consist of relatively unaltered material from the birth of the solar system. The ring material, on the other hand, is constantly altering itself due to incessant collisions.
This has lead to the hypothesis that it is an ancient asteroid that has been captured by the gravitational pull from Saturn
Phoebe is actually believed to be a captured Kuiper Belt object (KBO). This means its composition might be very icy/organic, making it more like a non-active comet than an asteroid.
What good would such a power source be when the rest of the rover fails? You've neglected to mention that the Vikings and Voyagers had fewer moving parts because they're not rovers. The lifespans of the different parts have to be well-matched. Not to mention the whole mass issue.
It's amazing how someone so wrong could be so persistent. If I'm wrong, then the people at NASA are wrong. To quote from the SOHO Hot Shot page (emphasis mine): " the planet Venus will not pass in front of the Sun but glide slowly just beneath the solar disk as shown in the illustration above. However, it will be visible against the emission from the diffuse corona. Thus, scientists will be able to take advantage of this Venus transit to improve the quality of data gathered by SOHO.... Distinguishing between light from the solar disk and that from the corona will allow more refined measurements of the corona. The fiducial "black spot" formed by a transiting planet is also very useful for modelling other optical properties of scientific instruments..... So the transit will be closely watched by several instruments on board SOHO.... Special EIT images and movies of the transit (cropped on-board to increase the cadence of the images) will be available...." Notice how although SOHO won't see a transit of the solar disk, its view of the passing of Venus across the solar corona is referred to 4 times as a transit.
You also apparently need a primer on the corona.
K corona: white light scattering off free electrons, 1 to 2.3 R_s
F corona: white light scattering off dust, 2.3 R_s to merging with zodiacal light
E corona: emission lines from ions, overlaps K and F coronas
The take-home lesson is that there is no well-defined outer boundary for the corona. The corona is quite visible in the C3 image as white rays radiating outward from the sun, some extending past the edge of the frame. Coronal mass ejections are harder to discern in a single image: I recommend the movies, mpeg or gif, where the ejections are visible as coronal-looking material moving outward swiftly. Comets and cosmic ray strikes are also occasionally seen.
Asserting the same thing over and over is not the same as providing proof. I've given you several examples of the use of the word 'transit' by the astronomical community in reference to an object passing in front of something other than a disk. Put up or shut up.
I teach physics and astronomy at a university, and I know how to read the image. In case you weren't paying attention, SOHO won't see a transit across the solar disk. It will, however, see a transit across the solar corona, which extends well beyond 5 solar radii (why do you think Lasco C3 has such a wide field of view?). A transit occurs when an object crosses in front of a larger object, not limited to the disk of a star, planet, or moon. Did you hear about the transit of Titan across the Crab Nebula as seen in x-rays? The Crab has no well-defined edge, and yet we still speak of it being transited. The solar corona can be transited, and it is right now.
The transit from SOHOs point of view will merely be a transit across the solar corona. Since Venus is already visible in the Lasco C3 image, the transit of the corona has essentially already started.
If you try to wipe off the dust without getting the surface wet, you scratch the surface and end up with a worse problem than dust. So in addition to your $20 blades (actually much more expensive because you'd need material that survives extremely cold temp), you'd need to find a fluid system that doesn't freeze at those temperatures, doesn't boil at that low pressure, doesn't interfere with any of the scientific instruments, and doesn't dissolve the panels or wiper components. To save weight you might try to recycle the fluid, introducing a filtration system, but there will be unavoidable loss to evaporation (it has to or it will remain and attract dust), so you'll need to bring more than enough for one wipe. Then one of your fellow engineers complains because the volume, mass, and energy requirements of your wiper system has bumped their scientific instrument out of the final design. An accountant finds your cost estimate was off by some 5 orders of magnitude. You're fired.
Let's say you built a model rocket powerful enough to reach the Moon (and had fun building it). But when you launch it you intentionally avoid the Moon and just park it in LEO for a couple of weeks? I don't think so.
Slashdot Mirror
Ha! Would you care to bet money on that? I'm wondering where you think liquid water is on a planet whose surface is 95 degrees K, 178 degrees below the freezing point of water.
These certainly are not the first infrared images taken by Cassini, not even the first of Titan, which were taken in mid April.
It was the earlier images, earth-based images, and the errant idea that the dark areas were ethane oceans which convinced the Cassini-huygens team to choose this landing ellipse. Now that they know different, one wonders whether they'll modify the plan.
The swearing is unnecessary, but I'd also prefer a definition of remote control that didn't allow a physical connection, like shutter cables or dwarves hiding in cabinets, to the device being controlled. In that case, the first true remote control I can think of is for the submersible that Nikola Tesla demonstrated at the 1898 Electrical Exhibition at Madison Square Garden.
No. First, a leached metal becomes soluble (I doubt the metal is locked up in some mineral in the body waiting to be leached anyway), meaning it would be free to float through the body and cause more damage. Second, bacteria in the blood cause septic shock, which can be fatal. Any antibiotic related to penecillin will destroy bacterial cell walls, lysing the cells (and releasing bacterial toxins). If you were hoping the bacteria would sponge up the metals, dosing them with antibiotics would just release the metals. And are silicon and zinc heavy metals? I don't think so.
'Viruses', not 'vira'.
Bacteria have been used in the copper and iron mining industries for a long time, especially for the sulfide ores. There's a diagram in the 6th edition (1991) of Biology of Microorganisms by Brock and Madigan, p. 650, of the microbial leaching of copper sulfide minerals. Water containing a ferric sulfate solution is dribbled over a pile of copper sulfide ore. Using oxygen or ferric iron and water, bacteria oxidize the copper into the soluble Cu2+, with ferrous iron, water and sulfate as byproducts. The water moves to a non-biological stage where the Cu2+ is reduced to metal by reacting with iron scrap metal. The iron is oxidized to the soluble ferrous form. In the last stage, another microbe, Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, oxidizes the ferrous ions to ferric ions, and the ferric sulfate solution is pumped back to the top of the hill (occasionally sulfuric acid is added).
Yes. Instead of doing a lot of orbital calculations, I found it much easier to do a reverse time analysis. Obviously any orbit that brings an object to the surface of a (rotating) spherically symmetric mass with any arbitrary velocity is an elliptical orbit that intersects the surface of the mass periodically or a hyperbolic orbit. If you do jump with something more than escape velocity, you will get out of the asteroids gravity well. But you'll still be in orbit... around the sun.
There are a variety of ways of jumping; only some involve jumping from a standstill. Also your analysis doesn't mention the comet's rotation. If you jump straight up, your orbit will be elliptical rather than a 'straight line'. I don't have time to prove that the angular component of velocity is enough to prevent collision. Maybe after I'm done teaching for the day....
Paragee? What the hell is that? I've heard of perigee....
According to this flash density map, New Mexico has to get in line behind Louisiana, Alabama, Mississippi, Georgia, Florida, South Carolina, and a handful of other states.
i'm surprised you'd mention sprites but not elves, blue jets, blue starters, gnomes, pixies, sprite haloes, and trolls. The ephemeral nature of these events provokes some rather whimsical names.
As a captured Kuiper Belt object, it may consist of relatively unaltered material from the birth of the solar system. The ring material, on the other hand, is constantly altering itself due to incessant collisions.
Phoebe is actually believed to be a captured Kuiper Belt object (KBO). This means its composition might be very icy/organic, making it more like a non-active comet than an asteroid.
Read your own link carefully. Mammoths did not have rumens, and I doubt there was as many of them as there are cows now.
about people who confuse 'cue' and 'queue' and come up with a word that doesn't exist.
What good would such a power source be when the rest of the rover fails? You've neglected to mention that the Vikings and Voyagers had fewer moving parts because they're not rovers. The lifespans of the different parts have to be well-matched. Not to mention the whole mass issue.
The extreme elevation difference between the two hemispheres might have something to do with it as well....
It is an embryo, a fossilized embryo.
You also apparently need a primer on the corona.
K corona: white light scattering off free electrons, 1 to 2.3 R_s
F corona: white light scattering off dust, 2.3 R_s to merging with zodiacal light
E corona: emission lines from ions, overlaps K and F coronas
The take-home lesson is that there is no well-defined outer boundary for the corona. The corona is quite visible in the C3 image as white rays radiating outward from the sun, some extending past the edge of the frame. Coronal mass ejections are harder to discern in a single image: I recommend the movies, mpeg or gif, where the ejections are visible as coronal-looking material moving outward swiftly. Comets and cosmic ray strikes are also occasionally seen.
Asserting the same thing over and over is not the same as providing proof. I've given you several examples of the use of the word 'transit' by the astronomical community in reference to an object passing in front of something other than a disk. Put up or shut up.
The Venusian would see a nice bright full Earth in the night sky. If it wasn't too hot out that night....
I teach physics and astronomy at a university, and I know how to read the image. In case you weren't paying attention, SOHO won't see a transit across the solar disk. It will, however, see a transit across the solar corona, which extends well beyond 5 solar radii (why do you think Lasco C3 has such a wide field of view?). A transit occurs when an object crosses in front of a larger object, not limited to the disk of a star, planet, or moon. Did you hear about the transit of Titan across the Crab Nebula as seen in x-rays? The Crab has no well-defined edge, and yet we still speak of it being transited. The solar corona can be transited, and it is right now.
SOHO is in a halo orbit around the L1 Lagrange point, and so is not on the Sun-Earth line. As such, Earth's perespective is not the same as SOHOs.
The transit from SOHOs point of view will merely be a transit across the solar corona. Since Venus is already visible in the Lasco C3 image, the transit of the corona has essentially already started.
If you try to wipe off the dust without getting the surface wet, you scratch the surface and end up with a worse problem than dust. So in addition to your $20 blades (actually much more expensive because you'd need material that survives extremely cold temp), you'd need to find a fluid system that doesn't freeze at those temperatures, doesn't boil at that low pressure, doesn't interfere with any of the scientific instruments, and doesn't dissolve the panels or wiper components. To save weight you might try to recycle the fluid, introducing a filtration system, but there will be unavoidable loss to evaporation (it has to or it will remain and attract dust), so you'll need to bring more than enough for one wipe. Then one of your fellow engineers complains because the volume, mass, and energy requirements of your wiper system has bumped their scientific instrument out of the final design. An accountant finds your cost estimate was off by some 5 orders of magnitude. You're fired.
Let's say you built a model rocket powerful enough to reach the Moon (and had fun building it). But when you launch it you intentionally avoid the Moon and just park it in LEO for a couple of weeks? I don't think so.