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Single-Atom Transistor
zarsky99 writes: "EETimes is reporting that Japanese researchers are close to creating the world's first single-atom transistor. This could be a boon to power problems and Moore's Law. The article is here, and please enjoy. Now if they could only get a single girl to date me." OK, you take the transistor, I'll take the girl ;)
J adds: For those of you graphing Moore's Wacky Law:
November1999, 50nm;
November1999, 18nm;
October2000, 1nm;
December2000, 30nm;
five days ago, 30nm.
We don't make the semiconductors, we just report 'em.
The transistor itself contains several atoms, although it's still MUCH smaller than today's devices. A one-electron difference in charge on the transistor's gate is all that's needed to switch it on/off.
Okay, it's been quite a long time since I took high school chemistry, so maybe something radical changed in the field since then. But I distinctly recall only about 200 to 250 possible elements. Which isotype of which element does this single atom belong to?
...yes, Slashdot goofed again (does this surprise anyone). They read the eeTimes' equally innacurate headline and never bothered to read the article. Quoting the real information, we find that:
... a 10-atom-diameter cluster of 500 silver atoms that acts as a capacitor...
Oh hell! This can't possibly be right. Not even Japan can alter the laws of physics. Let me read the article to see what the truth of the matter is...
The transistor Aono is developing makes a switch circuit consisting of
and
"We can make an atomic switch in a cluster of silver atoms"
Very amazing. But it's not a "Single-Atom Transistor" like Slashdot says. The key component in the transistor may be a single atom, but the transistor itself is not.
A Government Is a Body of People, Usually Notably Ungoverned
what the heck is with the remark about single girls at the end? Is that a joke? I don't see the contextual relevance... The poor /. posters are so sexually frustrated and neurotic that it's spilling over into news posts about atom-sized transistors! Now if only I could get that girl's phone number. . . .
Actually depending on your library a single gate is about 6 transistors. If your really good you can squeek out a NAND gate in 4...
Small transistors -> on-dye RAM -> really fast
Trees can't go dancing
So do them a big favor
Pretend dancing stinks!
fyi 'boone's farm' was sickening sweet wine that i used ta boost from the 7-Eleven when i was 15 (*circa* 1970)
isn't it terrible flavored beer...something about a farm...boone's farm?
So where will we be next Monday?
Still without dates, most of us.
does this mean that in 18 months we'll have scientists promising half-atom transistors?
If we can get a single atom acting like 1 transistor, perhaps the next step is to get a single atom acting like 2 transistors in some configuration. Then I think we could say we have half-atom transistors.
And when people realize that perhaps faster RAM instead of higher clock speed makes MS word run faster, you think that they will turn down the opportunity for more speed?
As others have pointed out, this is basic research which can be applied to all kinds of circuitry, not just CPUs.
However, even applied to CPU development, decreasing feature size means more than just faster processors. It also means that you can create a processor of similar speed to what we have today, but with lower power consumption and better chip yields.
-deane
Gooroos Software: plugging you in to Maya
-deane
The thing is, each of the groups needs to keep on working, and getting a single-atom transistor in the lab is a far cry from getting one in your grandma's new computer from CompUSA. You've gotta lay the research groundwork, then maybe get some standards, and only then start worrying about actually producing something to sell. All of the things in the first paragraph are pretty much pie-in-the-sky at this point, but so are single atom transistors.
Just for the record. This isn't anything new. The Bus speed has been the bottle neck since the 486 days although not to the same degree as it is currently. Lets also not forget that bigger faster better isn't always the case. A bus that has twice the data bandwidth is faster than a bus that has half the bandwidth at twice the speed. Nobody looks at a Sun as being a slow machine even though by current pc standards they are low on the core speed scale. The average Sparc clocks in about 500 MHZ. But they are running a 64 bit architechture and 64 bit bus so they don't have to have the GHz at the core. I know that I am WAY over simplifying things here but the point is, the bus being the bottleneck is nothing new. I think the big chip manufacturers are worried that by releasing a new chipset that is incompatible with older hardware(at least on an I/O standpoint) that consumers won't fork over the bucks for it. Look at RDram...people bought it. If you build it consumers will buy it. Esp. us dumb americans*smirk*
poke him in the eye. That'll impress him.
Some of the newer Athlon processors have 12x multipliers. That means the processor is working 12 times as fast as the rest of the system
:)
:)
Not quite, because Athlon bus is dual-pumped, it moves data twice for every clock cycle, which means that for a 1200 Mhz CPU with 12x multiplier you have a 200 Mhz equivalent bus - the CPU is really only 6 times faster than the bus.
As for the Pentium 4 and its 100 Mhzquad-pumped bus, it is 1500/(100x4) = 3,75 multiplier, which is even lower (and explain why this CPU is a screamer when it comes to bandwidth apps
Although I agree with you that other components need more improvement than the CPU, I still wish my box could uncompress 50 JPEG at 2048x536 res. in less than a second (speed required to browse my picture library with ACDSee
Perhaps next we'll enjoy the single-quark transistor.
--
$ chown -R us:us yourbase
If you read the article, its a group of atoms arranged so that 1 electron makes the difference between open and closed.
Its not a single atom transistor, its a transistor switched on or off by a single electron.
All your base/collector/emitter belongs to us.
So, you are going to need very clever circuits to detect errors and switch-in replacements, which makes the thing bigger.
Naah, they start with Lawrencium 262, then in a few months they kick out a few neutrons and protons to make Fermium 256 (just to make these calculations easier). Then, with 18 month steps: Xenon 128, Zirconium 64, Sulphur 32, Oxygen 16, Beryllium 8 (9 is more stable though), Helium 4, Hydrogen 2, and finally Hydrogen 1 (ehm...a single proton).
Thus, it takes 12 years before they have to go to subatomics!
While the single-atom transistor thing is cool, it seems to me that the interesting part of this discovery/invention is the super-tiny wires they have to connect them. Now THAT's cool, and a big problem down there at the nano(pico?)-scale level.
What I want to know is, how will they connect this with normal electronics? They'd probably need 5 or 6 buffers in between to step down the current so as not to fry the tiny wires. Also, wouldn't a chip made with this technology be super-sensitive to interference? If a random cosmic ray hit it, it would probably be fried.
Hope they can solve all the problems. This sounds like really cool technology.
[me@localhost]$ prolog
| ?- god.
! Existence error in god/0
main(c,r){for(r=32;r;) printf(++c>31?c=!r--,"\n":c<r?" ":~c&r?" `":" #");}
Anyway it is a step, now we need the leap. What would really be neat is to see smaller PC parts today. A 2" network card and a 2" modem connecting to an 8"x6" MB would be sweet. Then my pc would be cut down to about 1/3 its current size. A cdrom drive that only 1/2 the cd went it rather than a drawer. Hmmm
I don't want a lot, I just want it all!
Flame away, I have a hose!
Only 'flamers' flame!
Its perhaps feasible, but the company (if its the same one who created the single atom transistor) would lose out on the money it put into creating the original, so chances are if it IS created, I'm sure the company won't release it until it gains capital.
360 degrees of Karma
As seen on Slashdot:
:-)
Sunday March 04, @08:37AM - Transistors 3 atoms wide
Thursday March 08, @08:08PM - Transistors 1 atom wide
So where will we be next Monday?
arnald
I Agree, but the "BetaMax Effect" is in play here.
The "BetaMax Effect" is when we stupid Americans buy anything labeled "Bigger This, Faster That or Better Something" without regard to the whole picture.
"A microprocessor... is a terrible thing to waste." --
"A microprocessor... is a terrible thing to waste." --
GeneralEmergency
I won't be satisfied until my processor runs at a high enough clock rate that it actually emits visible light at the processor frequency. This would start to happen at about 750 THz, according to my calculations. I guess they're going to have to go back to the drawing board for those critical path reductions...
Someday, if I'm lucky, I will be able to see the look of glee on my children's face as I help them upgrade from a red CPU to a blue one.
WARNING: there is a trojan on your
...that after they make these things, they're careful to remember where they put them.
--
Editor Emeritus and Senior Writer, TeleRead.org
- They are often biased
- They often amplify things out of proportion
- They can switch their minds in an instant
- They are often non-linear
- They consume energy
RTFA. That's basic research you're bitching about, not superfast CPU development.
Better fab processes improve all the microcircuitry, not just the main processor.
Incidentally, the old modular tech you can snap together with thick, clumsy fingers can't be improved much further, which is why it's lagging. There's no sense bitching about your cheap swappable DIMMs when you won't shell out for faster RAM or buy a non-expandable machine. There is faster RAM available, it's just more expensive and needs a special set-up. Same thing for hard drives; people buy gigs, not MB/s. The market's producing what people want: layered caching of inexpensive, immense data stores.
---
Eventually, we'll need some type of new way of manipulating subatomic structures to make increasingly smaller transistors. The technology is starting to catch up with the raw science a bit; time to get experimenting!
Transitium. Z=451
It produced in fusion reactors. It is remarkably stable given its proton number. KGB physics developed it in the cold war in the hope of out developing the Western silicon chip. Only recently have they been able to produce it in crystals large enought to use in full comercial products.
Expect to see Russian Trn-451 PCs hitting the market this christmas.
Memory is made of transistors too.
Like I did. If some of those are plain, I'd like to be in your world. I didn't mean all of them where hot, just some of them.
Maybe we DID take the blue pill. You wouldn't remember anyway.
With a .003 x .004 micrometer transistor, put a gig of RAM and the whole video subsystem on the processor itself, and use a full-speed FSB to access the battery-supported terabyte of RAM that's replaced your hard disk entirely.
30 nautical miles is one friggin' huge transistor!
--
The real Captain Avatar is a fictional character, so I suppose he doesn't mind if I impersonate him.
There is a thing about Moore's Law and Power density. power density keeps going up with increasing density of computational activity. At some point it gets so dense that we need insane cooling, or else we are using warp cores for computational exercises. [perks up at the thought]
Now there is a idea. Subatomic quantum computing using a warp core. That should keep Moore's law going for a while.
"It is a greater offense to steal men's labor, than their clothes"
read the article, people! It is not a "one atom" transister, it is a 500 atom capaciter and 3 3-nanometer wires and the gate 4 nm from the capaciter. It only uses one electron for the current, which is why it is listed as 1 atom. There is still pleanty of room to shrink the transister.
Also, if someone made one-atom think walls on a transister, that could be taken one better by having one transister on each side of that wall, in effect, your 1/2 atom idea.
By the way, did you note the way he is planning to test this? Building a carbon nanotube onto the end of the probe to use as a circuit tester. I think those nanotubes will become more important in the future than anybody can guess.
Drummer beat & piper blow,Harper strike & soldier go,Free the flame & sear the grasses,Till the dawning Red
Tobias Boon was one of the creators of Mortal Kombat.
So I sez to him, I ain't givin' you no damn three-fity.
Um, mod this up. Not only is it actually funny, it's original too. Or do slashdot moderators not know what intelligence is? Yeah, go on, mod me down...
a new catch phrase? "Yeah my paycheck is so nano".
/. is irrelevant.
Oh yeah bring it on....
By the way, really good Russian girls are here: http://bride.ru/
Damn.... that's harsh man....
This has been another useless post from....
Killfile(TGK)
No trees were killed in the creation of this post. However, many electrons were inconvenienced.
Let's see. Hydrogen is 1 electron, 1 proton. The proton's made of quarks, (3 I believe?) At that point, we're firmly into quantum computing.
I can see it now - a chip composed entirely of neutrinos, which upon being released from its containment field (i.e. manufacturing) will instantaneously take off at the speed of light, (since you need about 3 light-years worth of lead to even have a chance of slowing a neutrino down.) So the neutrino chip is flying through space and with random interactions with other particles eventually becomes self-aware. Haven't seen that in a sci-fi novel. Whoever writes it, you're welcome to it. Send me a free copy, why don't you.
Higgs-Boson chips competing with photonic chips, competing with qubit chips. And all in my lifetime. Interesting times, indeed.
--
So, if it's a single atom, is it an existing element, or do we now get Transistorium? Just curious.
Send your friends messages of love at fuck-you.org
They found an element capable of being a transistor and are trying to market it. Either that or some physics nerd has waaaaay too much time on his hands....
And people call _ME_ a nerd...
I am !amused.
Speaking of Moore's Law, does this mean that in 18 months we'll have scientists promising half-atom transistors? Now that'll be really interesting . . .
(Disclaimer: don't bother flame^H^H^H^H^Hcorrecting me about Moore's Law not really being a law. I know that; I'm just joking.)
The Intel Pentium XIII only costs $1.99 but the STM to install it in its socket costs upwards of several million...
A Government Is a Body of People, Usually Notably Ungoverned
Looks like Eric Drexler's idea of nanotechnology will finally be viable. Should this transistor be successful, then it will be possible to assemble a nanomachine that builds... other nanomachines! Imagine swarms of programmable nanobots attacking some patogenics inside the body, or repairing damaged DNA. This would be the greatest revolution in technology since man learned to use the fire.
"The more you tighten your FUD tactics, the more systems will slip through your fingers" -Geek Leia
Easy, it's the one surrounded by 6 x 10^23 microfans.
Basically, all the angels dancing on the head of a pin, keeping it cool.
--
--
"Outlook not so good." That magic 8-ball knows everything! I'll ask about Exchange Server next.
Ok, you're right. But let's look at it by a different perspective. Why use ordinary RAM, or ordinary hard disks? With this huge density available, who needs these conventional peripherals? Of course such a processor should take a long time to roll out, so we can expect that mass storage devices using this same nanotechnology will be available. And it's likely that RAM will be undistinguishable from mass storage, both will converge to be just "plain memory"...
"The more you tighten your FUD tactics, the more systems will slip through your fingers" -Geek Leia
<joke>
Now, if they created multiple-atom transitors, and you couldn't get multiple girls to date you, what makes you think that a single atom transitor is going to get you a single girl to date you?
</joke-cuz-ive-been-there-too>
"Can of worms? The can is open... the worms are everywhere."
"Aono said he has even better news from abroad. UCLA and Cambridge University are already expressing interest in co-development, and so are two undisclosed major U.S.-based semiconductor makers. "
Any guesses as to who those semiconducter makers might be? (All right, all right, I realize there are more like 3 or 4 for whom something like this could be CRITICAL...but we at least know ONE, right?)
No, explanation is STILL too complex, at least for our management and VIPs. May need to draw some pictures.
(What was the title of that story, by the way?)
--
See? It works like that.
---
Have you considered calling an outcall (escort) service?
Now if we could make a computer out of these atomic transistors, just think at how fast the Java VM would run!
-- Good judgement comes with experience. -- Experience comes with bad judgement.
yea you dumb "fucktard"... you can't make mistakes here you... "fucktard".
They claim 1Tb on a 10cm^2 die. Let's assume
1 transistor per bit (pessimistic).
That's 1 x 10^11 transistors on a cm^2 die.
Do you realize how much SRAM memory that translates into? Roughly 2GB, with
enough transistors left over to have a CPU on the same die.
WITH A CPU LIKE THAT...
WHO NEEDS A MEMORY SUBSYSTEM?
Just give the thing some I/O pins to talk
to a bus!
PeterM
Personally, I think I'll live to see Moore's Law get sent to /dev/null with things like "Man will not fly" and "Man will never walk on the moon"*.
With the extensive probing into quantum machinery**, the question is, "How soon will it be that processors create their own dimension to perform advanced mathematical calculations. The question is, "When will be using planck's width to record data rather than Fe-Si combinates?" The question is, "Will the term 'wireless' come to mean that a small quantum bridge is created by the computer to read the data on another computer atoms?"
Or, one of my friend's favourite questions: Will a molecule count as a network?
You can keep your one atom transistors, I'm waiting for the chance to upgrade to a 2 1 H isotope!***
*No replies on the one-sided Fox special, please
**This has actually been around for a few years already, and has been mentioned on slashdot a few times, as well as making it to Michael Crichton's "Timeline", as a background to the ideas conveyed in the story.
***Don't tell me not to hold my breath, that, too, is another AnonCow-esk comment
Timmy, now would be a good time to SLEEP
"Yeah...it was the numbers that were irrational, not the murderous cult of vegetarians...." -- Hippasus of Metapontum
It's a Rodenbury allusion to the character William Boone from "Earth: Final Conflict"
either that, or it's a "clever" way to say surpass or "move beyond the logic of"
Who's up for volleyball?
"Yeah...it was the numbers that were irrational, not the murderous cult of vegetarians...." -- Hippasus of Metapontum
Actually, RTFA has been used for quite a long time.
--
Obfuscated e-mail addresses won't stop sadistic 12-year-old ACs.
Win dain a lotica, en vai tu ri silota
Emperor: This is only one finger. How can you make a tool?
Researcher: We can pick up a grain of rice when we wet the tip of our finger. That force is some kind of tool.
Now that is the way to dumb things down for management and VIPs.
---
Could someone please tell me what a "magnitude of order" is?
An order of magnitude would be equivalent in this context to a "power of 10", however, a magnitude of order seems more like a description of the Supreme Court.
Now if only they could put a rush on this and send some of these to the poor folks in California suffering by powerco induced outages ;)
CIA snoopages
360 degrees of Karma
Open the case, pull out the motherboard. Now, ONE of these atoms is the CPU...but which one.
--
Non-meta-modded "Overrated" mods are killing Slashdot
Non-meta-modded "Overrated" mods are killing Slashdot
(Hey Ryan! Here's your proof!)
That not all that long ago, we were using vaccuum tubes. Then the solid state transistors... Now we're down to an ATOM.
Intel announced a PROCESS, not a prototype. The one buckyball transistor was a PROTOTYPE, not PROCESS. These are NOT the same.
A PROCESS is a way of actually manufacturing the transistor, a PROTOTYPE is simply the EXISTENCE of a transistor.
Intel could manufacture the 30nm transistor, however the 1nm transistor is merely a lab toy.
There is a HUGE distinction, get it straight.
There is such thing as "half an atom". Maybe researchers can create a transistor using just a few electrons.
chris
cpeterso
There are two viewpoints we cna look at this from. (was that yodaspeak?)
1- the CPU needs to let the rest of the sytem catch up, because it's now everything else that's bottlenecking
2- let each team reasearching each theory keep going because sooner or later people who are researching other methods will help the rest of the computer catch up.
but regardless they are talking about making really small transistors... these could be concieably used to make all kinds of chips not just cpus (someone correct me if i'm wrong)
we could have nao-northbridges, nano-memory, yada, yada...
I believe sex is highly over rated... unless it involves me
Reuters is reporting that Intel will releasing the new Pentium V. It will be built with new neutrino technology We have finally broken the 1 atom barrier! Who needs heavy, charged particles for transistors! By altering the spin of the neutrino, we can achieve digital 1 and 0 values.
i hate to let myself be trolled, but...
smoke crack much?
By the laws of quantum computing, that is NOT outside the realm of science, though, I think we're more likely to hear "single polymer beowulf cluster" than "single atom beowulf cluster," since, without more than one atom, you don't have a cluster yet.
Whoever marked you a troll should be dragged out to MIT and forced to sit in on a semester of Quantum Theory: Engineering for the Future
No, I don't know who comes up with these 1940's titles, but I'm willing bet it's been the same guy coming up with this stuff for the past 60 years. He's probably eight or ninety and a millionare with his own naming firm that now caetors to those disk-hogging power-point presentations.
"Yeah...it was the numbers that were irrational, not the murderous cult of vegetarians...." -- Hippasus of Metapontum
The happy little lepton we like to call the electron cannot be used as a transistor because it cannot be kept still. If you could stop a lepton, it would "shatter" into another form of radiation--in theory, that would be mostly microwave radiation though, it could invert or, after the moment of microwave release, revert, into beta radiation.
Though, I'm sure you only meant that as a joke, I just thought I'd throw in some momentary thought. I'm having a good day for a troll.
"Yeah...it was the numbers that were irrational, not the murderous cult of vegetarians...." -- Hippasus of Metapontum
First off, in case you didn't actually READ this article*, the refence is to the thickness not the length of the transistor. Second, due to the ever annoying presence of Ohm's law, what starts off as a single electron could just be capacitated as another form of energy until it is release by the atom that transfered its energy, most likely in the form of heat.
/. : RTFA; I'm sure you can guess what it means.
This is why the field of superconductors is so much more interesting--perhaps, one day, it will only require a single electron, but you'll still be measuring atomic thickness.
*New abbreviation for
"Yeah...it was the numbers that were irrational, not the murderous cult of vegetarians...." -- Hippasus of Metapontum
As I mentioned before, due to Ohm's law, unless this is a superconductor, it takes more than one electron, and the "single atom" is about width of the relay switch, not the total number of atoms involved in the transistor.
Normally, the atom chain would be guessed at Si, silicon, but it sounds like it will be Ag, silver.
200-250 is not a bad guess...for the number of pokemon. 124 would be more accurate by ways of the atomic table, including the undeclareds, the unnamed and the unstable.
Now that we've had a jausle into the world of chemistry, can we play a game of chartuse camerrida?
"Yeah...it was the numbers that were irrational, not the murderous cult of vegetarians...." -- Hippasus of Metapontum
ersonally, I think I'll live to see Moore's Law get sent to /dev/null with things like "Man will not fly" and "Man will never walk on the moon"*.
With the extensive probing into quantum machinery**, the question is, "How soon will it be that processors create their own dimension to perform advanced mathematical calculations. The question is, "When will be using planck's width to record data rather than Fe-Si combinates?" The question is, "Will the term 'wireless' come to mean that a small quantum bridge is created by the computer to read the data on another computer atoms?"
Or, one of my friend's favourite questions: Will a molecule count as a network?
You can keep your one atom transistors, I'm waiting for the chance to upgrade to a 2 1 H isotope!***
*No replies on the one-sided Fox special, please
**This has actually been around for a few years already, and has been mentioned on slashdot a few times, as well as making it to Michael Crichton's "Timeline", as a background to the ideas conveyed in the story.
***Don't tell me not to hold my breath, that, too, is another AnonCow-esk comment
**Disclaimer: Opinions cited by me are not necessarily my opinions. Facts cited by me are not necessarily facts.
Did anyone ever see that Australian tv show Beyond 2000? So many wonderful inventions they showed. How many of those are you using today? Slashdot is just like Beyond 2000. Will any of us ever see plastic semiconductors in use? Quantum computers? How about space elevators?! You may now return to reality.
What about make a CPU of uranium? Small AND selfpowerd!
You feel sleepy. Close your eyes. The opinions stated above are yours. You cannot imagine why you ever felt otherwise.
Just look at some of the benchmarks on Tom'sHardware. The majority of them are all dead even after processor speeds hit 8 or 9 hundred Mhz.
Some of the newer Athlon processors have 12x multipliers. That means the processor is working 12 times as fast as the rest of the system. This is wasteful, and you end up with a lot of dead processor cycles because the RAM/system bus can't provide enough data for processing. Manufacturer's need to stop throwing money at superfast processor development, and work on improving system bus speeds, and latency/throughput of RAM.
"Technically, a cat locked in a box may be alive or dead." -Kurt Cobain
And the half-life of Transistorium is eighteen parsecs?
The end of Moore's Law my ass! Bring on the single-electron transistor! THEN we'll be getting somewhere (quarks notwithstanding).
From hell's heart I fstab at /dev/hdc
Terra-Transistor Processors + Terra-Terra-byte Storage + IBM's Quantum Teleportation = "Beam Me Up Scotty"
"A microprocessor... is a terrible thing to waste." --
"A microprocessor... is a terrible thing to waste." --
GeneralEmergency