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Fighting Fire From the Sky

exceed writes: "Yahoo! News has an article on an unmanned robotic airplane that is able to circle around wild fires for up to 24 hours, sending data and images back down to earth via satellite. The Altus II, created by NASA, employs cutting edge technology usually seen in military aircraft, giving fire officials a real-time view of fires that can burn over hundreds of thousands of acres. The plane could map dozens of fires and topographical features in a day, never endangering a pilot."

29 of 108 comments (clear)

  1. Space.com Article by the_ph0x` · · Score: 3, Informative

    Space.com also has an article here. Similarly a good read for those of you that can't get enough.

    .ph0x

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  2. Cola by manon · · Score: 2, Funny

    That is great. Just as long as the automatic pilot isn't running on M$ Flight Simulator.

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  3. Satellite by damiam · · Score: 2, Insightful
    sending data and images down by satellite

    Why not just use an image satellite in the first place? The picture quality is good enough.

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    1. Re:Satellite by jeffy124 · · Score: 3, Informative

      An image satellite does that and only that, takes a picture. THe system discussed in the article maps the landscape to include trees and possibly even leaves that fall off during autumn, two thigns that have a huge influence on how a wild fire spreads. They're looking to determine how the fires spread to study more effective ways of putting fires out when they happen.

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    2. Re:Satellite by Wyatt+Earp · · Score: 3, Informative

      Because of a number of reasons.

      1. Satellite is in orbit and will have to be tasked, which wastes fuel and even then it's 90 minutes or more between pass.

      2. Because a good satillite - Like a KH series is over a billion dollars, and a lower quality one like a SPOT or the Russian commercial grade sats are at least a 100 million.

      3. Because a satellite will run out of fuel and be replaced every 3-5 years, even a 100 million is a hell of a lot for NASA or the Forest Service to shell every couple years.

      4. UAVs are easier to move around than something in orbit, cheaper to lose and easier to build and upgrade when a next generation sensor comes out.

    3. Re:Satellite by jcr · · Score: 2

      Satellites have a number of limitations when you need real-time surveillance of an area.

      First of all, most imaging satellites are low-earth orbit, and they can take a while to pass over the area of interest. Secondly, they can't give you a side view of (say) a burning hilltop. Thirdly, they're a *minimum* of several tens of miles above the scene.
      Fourth, they're much more expensive to deploy than a robot plane.

      Come to think of it, I could probably put something like this together with mostly off-the-shelf components for well under a hundred grand.

      What would be *very* cool, is if these things were programmed to fly continuous patrols and phone home if they spotted a heat source.

      -jcr

      --
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  4. why stop at mapping? by TechnoVooDooDaddy · · Score: 3, Funny

    hell, strap a fire extinguisher on there and go nuts!

    (ok, so not really, but you get my drift)

  5. It's about time... by Pii · · Score: 2, Insightful
    Military, or military-like, technology developed with public funding ought to be made available more quickly.

    Even if they have to "dumb it down" a bit, so that foreign powers can't use it against us, Drone aircraft have a number of applications, public and private.

    I'm glad to see this, and I'll welcome more of it.

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  6. Why fight fire? by jedwards · · Score: 3, Informative

    What is the obsession with fighting wildfires?
    They're usually in the middle of nowhere with few if any homes threatened. They're good for the environment - many plant species have evolved to require fire for germination, for example.
    See, for example, this article

  7. I wonder??? by The+Slashdolt · · Score: 2, Funny

    Will this render the fire fighting dirtbike obsolete?

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    1. Re:I wonder??? by sharkey · · Score: 2

      Why was I not surprised to see Howie Long on the cover?

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  8. Yeah, NASA's great... by Telek · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Here's another example of how NASA tech coming "down to earth", as well as an earlier article about how NASA was helping fight fires (using satellites)

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    If God gave us curiosity
  9. Stopping fires leads to more destructive fires by The+Panther! · · Score: 5, Insightful

    There is probably a natural balance with the amount of combustible material in an area and the amount of moisture in that area. Once a thicket gets too dry, it burns for one reason or another. I find it interesting that the more we fight small to medium sized forest fires, the larger and more destructive the eventual large one is. It's all a balance, and we're helping destroy it one squirt of water at a time. The more we fight nature, the harder it fights back.

    Cool technology, though.

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    1. Re:Stopping fires leads to more destructive fires by exceed · · Score: 2, Insightful

      This craft isn't even used to actually _fight_ the fire, it is only used to map out the area and send other data down to the fire fighters themselves. And usually, we let forest fires burn until they threaten an area that has some sort of population, then we take certain measures to protect that area.

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    2. Re:Stopping fires leads to more destructive fires by Jimmy_B · · Score: 2

      Not too long ago, a major fire demonstrated this point painfully well. As I recall, the fire was set when trying to restore this balance. Preventing natural forest fires can make the inevitable fires much worse, and it's hard to undo the damage prevention causes. However, it is still beneficial to keep fires away from populated areas, which is what this would be useful for.

    3. Re:Stopping fires leads to more destructive fires by TheZork · · Score: 2, Informative

      Try checking out what the scientific community has to say before spouting the federal government's opinions.

      The poster is dead on. Under George W. policy's gotten goofier, primarily due to his administration's catering to logging concerns.

      For a great book on the subject, see Year of the Fires : The Story of the Great Fires of 1910 by Stephen J. Pyne. He's a professor at ASU and was a firefighter on the North Rim of the Grand Canyon for 15 years. Pyne's written a whole series of books on wildland fire, its behavior and its management.

  10. Civilian Applications for Military Hardware by Psmylie · · Score: 2
    It makes a lot of sense, actually. With the perception of "no real enemies to fight" leading to reductions in military spending, the companies that used to develop for the military will be developing for other government agencies and corporations. I have no problem with that, as long as potentially dangerous tech stays domestic. For things like firefighting, I'm all for it.

    And I also like the idea of NASA producing stuff like this. It gives the agency some visibility, and opens the door for increased funding.

    Still, as neat as this is, I would like to see other hardware adapted for firefighting. How about a firefighting cruise missile? Just load it up with fire retardant chemicals and smash it into strategic locations. You'd have no trouble with funding... We Americans LOVE missiles!

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  11. Right, but... by cr0sh · · Score: 3, Informative

    It has now become a sort of "death spiral".

    You see, long ago (actually, not that long ago), before forest fire fighting was a "big" issue, forest fires occurred in their natural cycles, some big, some small - but most not radically devestating.

    As people moved into the forested areas, along with a lot of hype by who knows who (someone with an axe to grind), people bagan to see these natural fires as "bad" - and something should be done (for the children!!!) - so, the fires got fought, and...

    and...

    The cycle was destroyed, leading the the forests gathering more "underbrush", that should have burned off long ago, but now continues to grow, where once it was just low stuff close to the ground...

    When it does catch and burn, these huge conflagerations are "contained" (heh, there's a word - most of the time they burn themselves out after a lot of work has been done to get ahead, risk lives, cool them down with water, etc) - allowing the underbrush to continue to collect, until the next big fire.

    I suppose they could just allow them to burn, but the problem is that they would burn the whole forest, and not just the undergrowth, which would be a bad thing.

    What the USFS does today is controlled burns (which I would imaging sometimes get out of hand, and hence become forest fires - not sure how often, though) to kill off this underbrush, but really this isn't enough, because the areas covered by forest are HUGE, and they can't do controlled burns on all of it...

    There really aren't any good answers to any of this, not without letting nature take its course, and risking an anhilation of an entire forested region (which may be what it takes - who knows?)...

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    1. Re:Right, but... by McBeth · · Score: 2, Interesting

      the USFS has for a long time had a policy of controlled burns, and letting things burn. Unfortunately, every once and a while things go wrong. The big fires in New Mexico last year started as a controlled burn. The Yellowstone fires started as a let them burn. When something like that happens, the USFS get ripped apart. The previous US president pushed down all sorts of orders greatly reducing their ability to do controlled burns, and mandating their fighting the small to medium fires. Which is part of why we have had these years where they have had firefighter shortages lately.

  12. Re:Here's an idea by b0r1s · · Score: 2

    Yea, sure, that'd work, but then it'd have to take off and land once or twice an hour, which increases risk and limits it's time in the air doing what it was designed to do.

    Look at it like computers. Windows machines are good for gaming, but they're average for servers. Unix machines are great servers, but average for desktops. It's better to have specialized equiptment: let everything do what it was designed to do, and dont try to make it do what it wasnt designed for.

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  13. why dont they by 1Oman · · Score: 2, Insightful
    Why dont they program it to fly around scoop up water and drop it on the fire. Unlike human pilots they don't need to see at night.


    Get about 10 of them flying 24 hours a day, guided by sattelite and we would need a lot less fire fighters.


    Hey you could even have a robotic refueling plane and the fire fighting drones would never have to land.

    1. Re:why dont they by papa248 · · Score: 3, Informative


      Because it wouldn't work. I'm a Fire Fighter, and I'll tell you right now that no matter how much water you dump from a chopper, you're never, ever going to get everything out that's on the ground. You just can't dump water as accurately as say, a bomb. Now a water bomb would be interesting. But with hot spots and live fire down there, you need the smoke eaters to be chopping logs down, setting up fire blocks, and controlled burns. No amount of water dropping will slow a fire that is being backed by Santa Anna winds.

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      The higher, the fewer.
  14. cheaper, private sector versions by wsdorsey · · Score: 2, Interesting

    This sounds like a larger version of the aerial robots developed for Georgia Tech's International Aerial Robotics Competition. Although the amateur designed robots don't have the range of the NASA version, the winning designs can perform all of the tasks that the expensive counterpart can. And I'm sure for a fraction of the price.

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  15. Altus II by BobandMax · · Score: 3, Informative

    The Altus II was not developed by NASA, but by the ASI division of my employer, General Atomics. NASA's role was providing criteria to modify the existing Altus I.

    Here is a link to the GA/ASI site.

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  16. Re:How would this be dangerous? by Just+Some+Guy · · Score: 2

    A derailed, burning railroad tanker full of toxic waste is a pollution event, and I can imagine that pictures could be a useful aid to assessing the situation. As far as it relates to firefighting:

    • How high do you have to fly above a large fire before turbulent updrafts, carbon {mon,di}oxide, and embers are a risk?
    • If your engine quits, how far can you glide to safety?


    I don't have the answers to any of those questions, but I think you can see that the issue isn't quite so straightforward.

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  17. Re:Water Bomber? by stevew · · Score: 2

    Uhm - dumb idea really.

    I've worked as a ham radio volunteer for CDF on a couple of fires so have been through some of the training concerning issues like this.

    First - water weighs ALOT. Second, replenishing the supply quickly is an issue. You really want a heavy lifter that can have a fast turn-around and do more drops per hour. A small UAV isn't going to fill that bill.

    Another interesting fact is that mapping out the fires in real time was done by the hams here in CA around 10 years ago, along with giving the CDF real-time video feeds of the fire from helicopters.

    For doing the mapping, a GPS unit was tied to a Terminal Node controller (ham packet radio speak there) that just spit out the bits from the GPS. These were displayed on a map as the helicopter flew the perimiter of the fire. This same copter had a Amateur Television on it that could simultaneouly broadcast pictures back to the Incident Command. Point is that some versions of this basic idea have been around for quite a while.

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  18. A-10 firefighter conversion by sspiff · · Score: 2, Informative

    This company wants to convert A-10s into fire bombers. Makes sense to me since they have a large payload capacity, excellent low level maneuverability and can fly at relatively slow speeds.

  19. Re:Why the strange tail? by Detritus · · Score: 2

    My guess is that it is a cheap form of stealth, to reflect radar pulses up instead of down.

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  20. Zeppelin! by Pseudonymus+Bosch · · Score: 2

    Could this technology be mounted on dirigibles?
    Would they be better for the task?

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