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82-Year-Old Coder Trumps BT's Hyperlink Patent

grendelkhan writes: "According to Wired News, 82 year-old programmer, Bob Bemer, claims his creation of escape invalidates British Telecomm's hyperlink patent. He has no intentions on cashing in, he just wants BT to quit suing people and prove, in his own words: 'All this new patent stuff is crazy and counterproductive.'"

45 of 269 comments (clear)

  1. Old-Timers strike back by lord_ashaman · · Score: 4, Funny

    That'll show big business what the old-timers can do! I reckon as punishment, BT should have to listen to one of his stories about either his long walks to school, duking german bullets and hiding from japanese commandos, or about the time he took a walk in the park, then went on the ferry and found a dime, that dime looked......

    The Pain will be never ending... Death to Stupid Lawsuits!!!!

    1. Re:Old-Timers strike back by m_chan · · Score: 4, Informative

      I can imagine grandpa's voice.. The fax machine is nothing but a waffle iron with a phone attached..

      But...

      Mr. Bemer really does have a fascinating background. Read a bit about him here.

    2. Re:Old-Timers strike back by sphealey · · Score: 5, Interesting
      Nah, he can hit them with a, "Back when I invented COBOL" story.
      Ha ha. Except that Adm. Grace Hopper, who did invent Cobol (as well as the idea of the assembler, which she didn't patent) was going full steam ahead (pun intended) in her 80's as a consultant for the Navy right up until her death. Or as the editor of Data Communications magazine once said to a 20-something web programmer designing a new subscription form: "Where is the radio button for 50+ years in experience in the industry?".

      sPh

    3. Re:Old-Timers strike back by m_chan · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Off-topic? Moderator, follow the link.

      Anyway, here is more on Mr. Bemer for others who do not follow the link:

      At Lockheed, he devised the first computerized 3-D dynamic perspective,
      prelude to today's computer animation.
      At IBM, he developed
      PRINT I (the first load-and-go computer method),
      FORTRANSIT (the first major proof of intercomputer portability,
      and the second FORTRAN compiler),
      Commercial Translator (a COBOL input), and
      XTRAN (an ALGOL predecessor).
      In 1957 March he was the first to describe commercial timesharing,
      which you now see as the Worldwide Web.
      In 1959 his internal IBM memo proposed word processing.
      The Identification and Environment Divisions of COBOL are due to him,
      as is the Picture Clause, which could have avoided the Year 2000 problem
      if used correctly.
      He coined the terms "COBOL", "CODASYL", and "Software Factory".
      He was the major force in developing ASCII (contributing 6 characters --
      ESCape (see that key), FS, GS, RS, US, and the backslash). He invented the
      escape sequence and registry concept, and is called the "Father of ASCII".
      He wrote the original scope and program of work for international and
      national computer standards, and chaired the international committee for
      programming language standards for eleven years.
      He was Program Chairman for ACM 70, promoter of National Computer
      Year (when the Y2K problem should have been solved), and edited the
      proceedings as the book "Computers and Crisis".
      Three Pioneer Days have honored him -- SHARE, COBOL, and FORTRAN.
      As editor of the Honeywell Computer Journal (the first A4-size publication
      [1971] in the U.S.) he innovated fiche-of-the-issue and multimedia publishing.
      He has published more than 110 articles in technical journals.
      In 1995 he received the Albion College Distinguished Alumnus Award.
      In 2000 he was named in the Delta Tau Delta "Rainbow" as one of the "100
      Most Influential Delts of the 20th Century".
      He is recognized as the first person in the world to publish warnings of the
      Year 2000 problem -- first in 1971, and again in 1979.

    4. Re:Old-Timers strike back by CaptainSuperBoy · · Score: 3, Funny

      He was the major force in developing ASCII (contributing 6 characters --
      ESCape (see that key), FS, GS, RS, US, and the backslash)


      Backslash? And we're actually praising this guy? If it weren't for him, I might be able to move between UNIX and Windows without getting a throbbing headache.

    5. Re:Old-Timers strike back by Anthony+Boyd · · Score: 3, Funny
      I reckon as punishment, BT should have to listen to one of his stories about either his long walks to school, duking german bullets...

      Good God. If this man can actually duke it out with German bullets, then even I want to hear that story!

    6. Re:Old-Timers strike back by Waffle+Iron · · Score: 3, Interesting
      /i>No I believe that mathematical constructs on how to transmit an image in whatever style faxes do it was invented in 1820. Obviously the fax machine itself wasn't possible in 1820.

      Actually, they invented the fax machine almost immediately after the telegraph. You wrote the original on some kind of conducting paper and wrapped it on a xmit drum. A needle on the sending machine sent the signal over the telegraph wire to a receiving drum with a pen.

      Obviously, though, they didn't use TIFF compression.

    7. Re:Old-Timers strike back by Ooblek · · Score: 3, Funny
      Or how about C:!WinNT!System32

      How horrible would it be to have to define a path to a resource by separating the elements with bangs....oh, wait...

    8. Re:Old-Timers strike back by Random+Feature · · Score: 3, Interesting

      You know what's kind of ironic? The fact that the first programmer - Ada Lovelace (okay, not programming as *we* know it but then neither are punch cards, IMO ) and the inventor of the most pervasive business language for decades - Grace Hopper - are women.

      And yet the industry is still largely male. Ironic.

      I just hope *I'm* still going at 82 like this guy.

      --
      I don't have a solution, but I certainly admire the problem.
    9. Re:Old-Timers strike back by konmaskisin · · Score: 3, Informative
      "For those who cannot read the above due to non-us character set, '!' is replaced by 'yen' sign."


      Now go and install mozilla

    10. Re:Old-Timers strike back by PurpleBob · · Score: 4, Funny

      Not just that... without his backslash, the spinning ASCII progress indicator |/-\ could only wobble sadly back and forth.

      --
      Win dain a lotica, en vai tu ri silota
    11. Re:Old-Timers strike back by Untimely+Ripp'd · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Miscellaneous comments have referred to the women who did the ballistics programming on the ENIAC. One person noted that the work was left to women because it was considered "secretarial".

      In fact, the women were not ordinary individuals, but were chosen for their mathematical aptitude. History largely ignored them. I read once that there was a big project reunion PR event, and none of them were invited, at least not until someone noticed and made a fuss.

      The real question is whether the work was considered secretarial because women could do it, rather than the other way around. My own observation is that quality secretarial work requires an astonishing level of skill. Behind every 5-million-dollar-a-year executive is a 35K/year secretary who actually has most of the responsibility for doing the executive's work. I would argue that the general contempt for secretarial work derives from a general contempt for women and anything they do.

      Anybody who has ever been in academia knows that the departments would collapse quickly and entirely without the cadre of highly-skilled and effective departmental secretaries.

      Oh, here's a link to a pdf. It took more work than I had time for to locate a really complete history of the women on ENIAC. I did however find this slashlink to a glowing Jon Katz review of a book that claims to tell the whole ENIAC story.

      --

      And let the angel whom thou still hast serv'd tell thee ...

    12. Re:Old-Timers strike back by sphealey · · Score: 3, Interesting
      The real question is whether the work was considered secretarial because women could do it, rather than the other way around.
      Actually, most of those women had degrees in mathematics or physics - in some cases PhDs. Universities started admitting women (in very small numbers) to natural science classes as early as the 1880s. Certainly by the 1920s many women were graduating with degrees in mathematics. But very few of them were able to find employement in their fields of study, except as teachers - and mostly as elementary school teachers at that.

      When WWII hit many of those women jumped into engineering and science positions to fill in for the missing men and increased demand.

      After the war, most of them were sent back to the kitchen, as it were, in favor of men. However, since computing was so new there weren't men to "come back", and many women worked in the field from 1940-1960. For some reason however they were not replaced by the generation of young women who went to school during those years, so from 1960 - 1980 or so the percentage of women in computing fell drastically.

      sPh

  2. He oughta get the patent... by ConceptJunkie · · Score: 5, Funny

    ...and license it to everyone in the world for nothing, except BT which would have to pay $1 billion.

    --
    You are in a maze of twisty little passages, all alike.
  3. questions by geekoid · · Score: 5, Interesting

    I'd like to get /. to do a question and answer with this guy.
    Programming since the '40s!

    --
    The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    1. Re:questions by SomeoneYouDontKnow · · Score: 3, Interesting

      I'll second that. A thorough interview would also be nice. If this guy successfully crushes BT's suit, as seems very possible, he's definitely going to be making the rounds in the tech media. He might even get some nice words from John C. Dvorak.

      --
      That light you see at the end of the tunnel might be from an oncoming train.
  4. Your homework assignment... by Masem · · Score: 5, Interesting
    (I have submitted the following link, but since this was posted first, I expect it to be rejected..)

    Find the parallels between this (the BT case) and this patent lawsuit that SightSound is bringing against CDNow but potentally all music/video sellers. (SightSound claims they own the common methods of selling music and video over the Internet, and the judge has allowed the case to go to trial).

    --
    "Pinky, you've left the lens cap of your mind on again." - P&TB
    "I can see my house from here!" - ST:
    1. Re:Your homework assignment... by WNight · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I wonder if the patent office will ever be sued (though there are some hoops to jump through to be able to do this) for gross negligence, or something. Some of the patents they're letting through are fraudulent, in a way that should be obvious to a member of the profession, let alone a supposedly skilled examiner.

      I can picture a company like AOL or Microsoft having the money to sue the PTO for reimbursment of their court costs against SightSound, or some other jerkwater company consisting of a patent and a flock of lawyers.

      While I'm sure big companies like IBM have patented their share of obvious gadgets they've also got some real patents and this general weakening of patents (what's a patent worth, every idiot can get one) stands to hurt them a lot.

      I'd love to see the government called to the carpet for their failures and the consequences those have had on the populace.

  5. My Grandma by Perdo · · Score: 3, Interesting

    84 years old, worked at berkley. Started in data entry then developed a macro to do some of it for her. A computer programmer in every sence of the word. Never made a name for herself.

    --

    If voting were effective, it would be illegal by now.

    1. Re:My Grandma by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

      But she had a daughter/son who then had you, a loving grandson.

      This is infinitely more important than a name.

      Maybe she did things like this guy, from who we never heard before. This is truly being geek: doing things because they are cool, not because of fame or money.

      Congrats on your grandma.

    2. Re:My Grandma by Ooblek · · Score: 3, Insightful
      Oh man, I'm getting all teary eyed and choked up after that one. Especially since thats the first time I've ever seen someone respond to a personal anecdote without some sort of, "Fuck you, my situation is 10 times more poignant than yours," attitude.

      Wow, and a marriage proposal on the same day. Love must be in the air. I hope my wife doesn't smell it because she'll want jewelry or something.

  6. Re:How is this relevant to BT's patent? by 2nd+Post! · · Score: 3, Interesting

    He doesn't own a patent, he's just showing prior art; that hyperlinking is really a case of 'escape' execution.

  7. Fuck BT... Go after MS.. by Nathdot · · Score: 3, Funny

    If there's anybody claiming patents built on 'escape' technology then it's MS.

    Ctrl-Alt-Esc is the way I usually shut down my MS applications for godsake.

  8. Invented the escape key huh? by goten · · Score: 4, Funny

    Next thing you know, he'll be making other outragous claims, such as he invented the question mark and will accuse chestnuts of laziness.

  9. Can't be said enough by 2Bits · · Score: 5, Insightful
    "Advanced technology only happens when people take a basic idea and add to it," Bemer said. "All this new patent stuff is crazy and counterproductive."


    This can't be said enough. Read my other post here

  10. Good quote by hether · · Score: 4, Interesting

    I loved this quote from the article:

    "Technology develops through decades of work by many people. That's why I put my work into the public domain whenever possible."

    Why can't everybody think more like this old guy??

    --

    Most people would die sooner than think; in fact, they do.
  11. old school hacker. by Restil · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Back in the day, when programmers didn't even ponder the possibility of owning code, or patenting ideas. Back when multiuser operating systems had no passwords, and a commands called "KILL SYSTEM" that strangely enough, although being accessible to everyone, was never abused.

    How things have changed.

    -Restil

    --
    Play with my webcams and lights here
    1. Re:old school hacker. by haruharaharu · · Score: 5, Funny

      What OS?

      The ITS at MIT. (lameness filter cram cram stuff adding more words so taco won't get pissed at me and ruin his engagement high)

      How was it interpreted?

      It crashed the system. (crash crash boom click whirrrrr...)

      Where did you type it?

      On the command line, where else? (lameness filter cram stuff wodge spank spank WHUMP!) (byt the way, the lameness filter really bites.

      --
      Reboot macht Frei.
  12. No, Out of Band / Metadata is the concept by A+nonymous+Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

    Both markup languages (HTML; embedded link) and escapes are out of band metadata. Escapes allow an xterm, a real terminal, etc, to show bold, underline, and so on. I believe some data terminals use escape to mark protected fields for "editing" a page on the screen, then hitting SEND to send the unprotected fields, or maybe the entire screen, back to the computer. And of course you know all about HTML markup :-)

    In both cases, the escaped / embedded metadata is not visible on the screen, yet has important information about the page. It is not far fetched at all to consider escaped data as a link. I don't know if it has ever been done, but it could be.

    1. Re:No, Out of Band / Metadata is the concept by Reality+Master+101 · · Score: 3, Insightful

      It is not far fetched at all to consider escaped data as a link.

      This is wrong on two counts:

      1) The concept of hyperlink is what was patented, not the encoding of a hyperlink. A hyperlink can be implemented without any concept of an escape.

      2) Escaped data might be a link, but that's an interpretation of the data. An escape is an encoding, nothing more.

      --
      Sometimes it's best to just let stupid people be stupid.
  13. Re:How is this relevant to BT's patent? by elmegil · · Score: 5, Interesting
    It's not the escape KEY, it's the concept of an escape SEQUENCE. I.E. a character or characters that modifies the meaning of the following characters so that they do something meaningful with the computer. In the "old days" (perhaps not the original old days, but 20+ years ago when I started programming) this was mostly used for cursor positioning on dumb terminals; esc[12;25 would put your cursor at line 12 column 25 or some such.

    Today it's more abstract, http:// is an escape sequence indicating that the following characters are to be interpreted as a hostname followed by a path name, which make up a hyperlink aka URL.

    --
    7 November 2006: The day Americans realized corruption and incompetence weren't addressing 11 September 2001
  14. Smiley Face Creator Had A Similar Sentiment by mr_don't · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Harvey Ball, the creator of the smiley face image, (not the ascii [:-)] ) died not too long ago! He never trademarked his creation, however, but he did form a corporation to make smiley greeting cards and sell them with profits going to charity.

    However, some French Dude registered the trademark in a bunch of countries, and Ball considered going after him to keep the smiley free.

    This story reminds us why something like the GPL is so important: It ensures that information that is free stays free! Public Domain resources (even smileys!) can be snatched up and made into commodities!

  15. Even more absurd by Blackheart2 · · Score: 3, Interesting
    Bemer's claim to escape sequences is even more absurd than BT's claim to hyperlinking. (Thankfully, he's using it to subvert BT's claim, and not pressing it independently.) The notion of "escapes" is so abstract and general that you could apply it to almost anything, even outside the realm of computers. For example, the idea of interrupting someone in the middle of a conversation, or the idea of changing lanes on the freeway, or any kind of multiplexing.

    These sorts of concepts which are being pressed at the patent office may be new to some people, but they are not new. In particular, this idea of escapes would have been completely obvious to anybody with a little mathematical training, in 1950 or 1900 or even 100BC.

    You could argue that the application of the idea is novel, but differentiating an abstract notion from its collection of concrete instances is a tricky thing, and properly the subject of philosophy and metamathematics, not the patent office's incompetent review staff.

    --

    BH
    Fools! They laughed at me at the Sorbonne...!

  16. You all have it wrong by Sarcazmo · · Score: 4, Insightful

    And so does wired.

    If I read it right, he invented the escape sequence. Like in a shell when you type

    rm Stupid\ File\ that\ a\ window\$ lu\$er created.mp3

    Those kinds of escapes, the ones that are used to within normal text to denote something to be handled non-literally. In other words, he is actually claiming that HTML uses escape sequences &lt and &gt to denote special handling of hyperlinks, same with the ampersand escaped characters, like I just used.

    The escape key has nothing to do with this.

    1. Re:You all have it wrong by haruharaharu · · Score: 3, Insightful

      is actually claiming that HTML uses escape sequences

      Which is total bunk, just like the case itself. HTML doesn't have escapes (well, except &), it has syntax

      --
      Reboot macht Frei.
  17. Father of.... lots! :) by bahtama · · Score: 3, Interesting
    --

    =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
    Oh bother.

  18. Author is wildly confused... by lkaos · · Score: 5, Interesting
    This author absolutely does not know what he's talking about (or there's no merit to this man's claim - which I think is unlikely).

    He mentions then term 'escape sequence' and then somehow binds that to the escape key. The only relation between an 'escape sequence' and an escape key is that the begining on the traditional ansi escape sequence starts with the same code the escape key generates.

    An 'escape sequence' according to Webopedia is:

    A sequence of special characters that sends a command to a device or program. Typically, an escape sequence begins with an escape character, but this is not universally true.


    The fact is that the escape sequence in a traditional hyperlink is the information encoded after the filename (that's encoded with URL-encoding). It's all those neat %20 characters.

    Check out this quote:

    Escape's powers are huge but at its most basic level, it is a command that tells a computer to make a shift in its processing - allowing a user to move up, down or sideways through files, programs or networks. For example, every press of a phone key that allows a user to move through an automated information service is an invocation of Berner's escape principle.

    This is just absurd. Escape sequences special sequences encoded other data. A telephone navigation system is merely a command driven system. Nothing is escaped. By this logic, every time anyone tells anything to do anything they are invocating Berner's escape principle.

    I understand the guy's position, but Wired really blew it on this story. I'm suprised this made it past the technical editors...

    BTW: The article mentions the '/' character as being an escape sequence, but this is not true. If they are referring to the href of a URL, then since the protocol preceeds the '/', this would not be an example of an escape sequence. I think the real issue is the escape sequences preceeded by '%' signs.
    --
    int func(int a);
    func((b += 3, b));
    1. Re:Author is wildly confused... by zurab · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Escape sequences special sequences encoded other data. A telephone navigation system is merely a command driven system. Nothing is escaped.

      Go back and read your own escape sequence definition that you got from Webopedia, as long as it is a "sequence of special characters" that send a command to a device or program it is an escape sequence. Then you have to get into the argument of "pressing 4 on the telephone dial is not a special character". What is a special character by the way? Would pressing #4 while interrupting phone message recording (to take you back to the main menu) be considered as a "sequence of special characters"? IOW, fighting over definitions does not make sense.

      What is rightly an issue, is that the BT patent on hyperlinks was not an invention when it was approved. And, one of the examples of similar practices is dated from way long ago, and you can call it escape sequence, or call it something else if you like.

      URL, then since the protocol preceeds the '/', this would not be an example of an escape sequence. I think the real issue is the escape sequences preceeded by '%' signs.

      All those can be escape sequences, including an HTML tag on a web page since it modifies the meaning of a regular text and, instead, sends a "command" to the browser ("device or program") to interpret the included text otherwise.

  19. This guy is amazing. by phoenix_orb · · Score: 5, Interesting

    He put the slash in Slashdot (a slash being an interupt, i.e. http\

    He put the backslash in ASCII code (without it, where would DOS be now.... oh, I mean.. nevermind)

    He Texas Plates are "ASCII". That just rocks in itself.

    He helped invent COBOL. I learned to program on COBOL. I can't even imagine the fortitude trying to make an entire programming language. The old programmers had it really tough. Imagine wanting to program in a high level, so you have to design and implement a high level language yourself.

    The whole reason this got out is simply because he is fed up with all of these outrageous patents. Hyperlinking... bah, One click purchasing.

    He is one of us (albiet probably the oldest)

    Slashdot would do good for itself to do an interview with him, maybe even make him the honorary "grandpa" of slashdot.

    --
    Blah Blah Blah.
  20. Re:What the hell? by Xerithane · · Score: 4, Insightful

    RTFA.

    His discussion about prior art is talking about the use of escape sequences to link term A on computer A to data B on computer B.

    The talking of escape sequence is just a premise of what it is. It's a vague abstracted concept that basically equates to user-defined interrupt calls that can happen at any time, inserted by the end user or the program.

    Hyperlinks as a concept, are innovations build upon actual escape sequences as used previously. I'm wondering when we are going to start seeing classes coming up that deal with Computer History were people can learn about Berner, Hooper, Lovelace and the rest of the bunch.

    In a nutshell: Everything we have done since 1957 is based upon the work they did before.

    --
    Dacels Jewelers can't be trusted.
  21. The Role of Government by MadFarmAnimalz · · Score: 5, Interesting

    It occurs to me that it is a sad thing that we have to rely on someone like Mr. Bemer to do the job of the government and protect the hapless consumer from the wrath of the corporation and its bevy of lawyers.

    There was a post on here which expressed optimism that Mr. Bemer seemed like a responsible enough person to grant the patent. What patent? Why should this be patented to begin with? The system should be rigged such that philanthrophic caretakers should not have to appear; what happens next time when BT decides to patent the power button?

    The system is failing the consumer/citizen here. I think deeper introspection is required of the legal system and the IP code.

    --
    Blearf. Blearf, I say.
  22. So he was the one that invented 'the escape' by Nathdot · · Score: 3, Funny

    Which one played him in the movie.

    Wasn't Bemer portrayed by Steve McQueen. Those damned Nazis. If it wasn't for the 'escape' we never would have witnessed one of the finest war movies of all time.

    I dunno what it is but it's funny to think of an 82 yr old programmer throwing a baseball back forth against his cubicle wall.

    :)

  23. The patent would have long since run out by yo303 · · Score: 3, Insightful
    I agree with what he's doing (BT's patent is ridiculous), but the article was wrong here:

    Had Bemer or IBM, his employer at the time, patented the escape concept, he or they could own a sizable chunk of the world's technology right now.

    If he had indeed patented this in 1960, the patent would have expired by now. Even if it took a few years for him to get the patent, the 17 years would be long over.

    Unless he purposely dragged on the application process for years to make the patent last longer, like The Patent King.

    Now, there is a 20 year limit from the year of filing.

    IANAL, BIWOWALF3Y.

    yo.

  24. old school open-source by BigBir3d · · Score: 3, Insightful

    very cool that the old guys knew that this stuff belonged in the public domain. now if we could only convince that generation following them!

  25. Ted Nelson: Non-British Non-scientist Yes-Genius! by jonathanpost · · Score: 5, Informative

    Ummmm... Ted Nelson is neither British nor a scientist. He merely invented hypertext and hypermedia.

    "Other examples of hyperlinks also predate BT's patent, including a 1965 book by British scientist Ted Nelson..."

    How do I know? Because I co-implemented the first working hypertext and hypermedia on personal computers, for Ted, and demo'd it at the world's first personal computer conference, in Philadelphia, in -- was it 1976?

    That was before Radio Shack, IBM, or Apple even made personal computers...

    Ted Nelson is merely a grandfather of the World Wide Web. Remind me -- what exactly did BT do except shove electrons through wires?

    Wired and BT are BOTH wrong.

    I say: fly Ted Nelson by Concorde to the trial and treat him as the VIP he is, pay hom $1,000 and hour as an epert witness, and then give him a share of the winnings in court!