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Apple Considering a Break-Up?

rlthomps-1 writes "Despite Apple's recent sucesses with the iTunes music store and the latest round of PowerBooks, TheDeal.com has an analysis of the options that Apple investors might force the company to take, including a breakup into separate hardware and software companies, a merger with both Universal and Pixar, or a leveraged buyout by private investors. Their analysis points to Palm as a case study for a successful breakup of a company that made both operating systems and hardware in a competitive market. Could separate Apple hardware and software companies revitalize the brand and challenge Microsoft's monopoly?" He forgot to call Apple "beleaguered;" however, he did say their decades-old position is "untenable."

15 of 159 comments (clear)

  1. Nothing new here by grouchomarxist · · Score: 5, Interesting

    There is nothing new in this article that hasn't been said before and argued to death. This will never happen under Jobs' reign, as this is exactly what he reversed after he returned to Apple.

    Some points:

    There is still no sign that non-tech people using PCs will switch to an Apple-built OS, especially not in the numbers that would justify the port.* (Note that PC users currently aren't switching to other OSes in big numbers. Remember how Sun was considering cancelling Solaris for Intel?)

    The jury is still out on Palm Source. It is far too early to consider it a success.

    There is no sign that Apple shareholders are particularly discontented.

    *Yes, we all know that the port exists. The problem is the cost of maintaing the port as a consumer product (esp. all those drivers).

    1. Re:Nothing new here by michaelggreer · · Score: 2, Interesting

      True, except

      Note that PC users currently aren't switching to other OSes in big numbers. Remember how Sun was considering cancelling Solaris for Intel?

      Apple is a consumer product, unlike Solaris, and I can think of one OS that technical PC users are switching to...

    2. Re:Nothing new here by drunkenbatman · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Quite to the contrary, there is ample evidence that Apple shareholders are positively thrilled.

      No, there isn't.

      I've made a tidy sum in the past month with my modest number of shares, and there are lots of folks out there who hold way more shares than I have.

      You made most of that is less than a month- just a few weeks when Apple's price went from $13.8x to $18 due to the music service buzz. Let's compare that to the last few years...

      If you just made a tidy sum, you just bought recently... And you are not the Apple shareholders mentioned or are who unhappy. Individual investors (well, 99.999% of them) move penny stocks. They don't move a stock with a market cap of 5.5+ billion. Any existing Apple shareholders mentioned in the article didn't sell 3.5 years ago at $60-$75/share, or buy at $13 and sell recently at $18. We're talking blocks of tens of thousands of shares... funds, institutions. Not you and I on tdwaterhouse or scottrade.

      From 1990 to 2000 Apple stock hovered between the teens and the 20's. In late 1999 and 2000 there was a really fun spike and subsequent split. The stock split at around $50 in mid-2000, a 2-1 split... making each share worth ~$25. The stock jumped back to the very low 60's, then plummeted to the low-to-mid-teens in the span of a month or so. Not a big shock, lots of other stocks had the same thing happen... but many have shown actual recovery of their price and sequential growth. Not all have, but then again gateway shareholders aren't exactly happy either.

      Since then it's been able to hit the mid-20's for a few months at a time, but always falls down to the low teens again... or hovers at the $15 mark. It stands to reason then that most who have bought have picked it up in the mid-20's or mid-teens (i'd have to go over transactions looking for large blocks, but that's what I'd guess) and over the last 2.5 years that doesn't translate into much growth. If they bought before the split or right after, they're still waiting for any growth.

      So, over the last 2.5 years the stock has hovered in the low $20's twice, and in the low teens for the rest of it... usually with it's market cap at ~5.5 billion. Considering Apple generates 5.5x billion in revenue, and has 4.x billion in cash... basically all the analysts who have followed Apple's financials and make the big-stock-fun purchasing decisions have decided that Apples hardware and software business was worthless as it was usually operating at a loss with interest from its horde of cash making up the bulk (or all) of the profit.

      So, don't count your chickens before they hatch- The stock price jump so far has been on the hope that the music store could turn into an actual revenue stream for a company which is seeing all of its others shrinking (except in very select areas, such as the iPod but the money made from them is a drop in the bucket). It could keep going up if there is continued exponential growth of the service, or it could drop right back, or hit the mid-20's again and die again as it seems prone to do.

      For you and I (yep I made a bundle by buying at $13.x too... but still waiting on my $24 shares to pay off) that might be fine... for some huge mutual fund where Apple has been the under-performer of their fund quarter after quarter, they aren't happy with Apple's performance.

      I mean look. If Apple's Mkt Cap is 5.5 billion, and they have 5 billion in cash, if you bought them chances are you could make a billion selling all their plants, contracts, intellectual property, etc and come out of the deal with half a billion in profit. When a company is in that situation they have to do something and lots of people (yes, large shareholders) feel that whatever Apple's been doing has either been ineffective or they just haven't been doing enough.

      drunkenbatman

  2. Not likely by Apreche · · Score: 2, Interesting

    I don't see this as very likely. OSX is so good because it runs on very specific hardware. Since the hardware is so limited they can optimize a whole lot. The same reason video game consoles have better graphics than the pc even though the hardware is half as fast.

    If there is a breakup of some sort it will be awesome though. That virtually guarantees OSX for x86.

    --
    The GeekNights podcast is going strong. Listen!
    1. Re:Not likely by drunkenbatman · · Score: 2, Interesting

      I don't see this as very likely. OSX is so good because it runs on very specific hardware. Since the hardware is so limited they can optimize a whole lot. The same reason video game consoles have better graphics than the pc even though the hardware is half as fast.

      Ooooo that is true in theory, but not in practice as the userbase isn't as limited as it sounds. The fact that they know every model that has shipped does give them an edge in quality assurance, but that really only assumes that they devote the manpower and resources ($$$) to really capitalize on it. Ie, look at the 10.2.5 bug that caused kernel panics and printing problems en-masse among the user base (all around USB)... to the point where they had to release an 4meg update within a few weeks. Apple could put the resources into checking to make sure that didn't happen.

      Some would say that that isn't responsibility, it's the developers or creators of the products to test and give feedback to Apple... but we're talking about a boutique computer line and whereas it would just be astronomical for MS to test all the different video cards, hubs and printer drivers against it's OS and different computer models out there for Apple the cost is drastically reduced and the users would love them for it.

      But anyways- as far as optimization... you're right, in that consoles can squeeze a huge amount of power out of a standard and non-changing platform. Carmack has said they can get a 50% performance improvement out of just coding for something like the Xbox as they can tune everything to the CPU, bus and vidcard.

      But that just doesn't exist with Apple machines, there is already a wide disparity between different models capabilities (and it will get scary if something like the 970 is introduced). Practically OSX (from the kernel to the higher API routines) are inherently unoptimized. At it's basic level, without getting into subsystems and video cards just look at the two main CPU's: G3 versus G4. They both have different instruction capabilities, so while you could get a boon just by coding for the G4 Apple can't do that as a huge section (actually, most of it) isn't using a G4.

      Then you have the biggest part of the G4, it's SIMD engine (altivec) which while it can really push up performance just isn't used very much except in specific instances. Ie, adobe photoshop? Only a few filters really support altivec. The OS barely has altivec in it, sure some windowing routines do (like the drop shadows, much snappier on a G4), but they can't just go all-out and optimize for altivec because if you do, you either have to have two code bases (one for G3, one for G4) or you have to have your altivec code be "emulated" by the G3 (this happens automatically) which gives dog-like performance.

      Then you have things like caches: tons of mac models (including higher end models at different points) either don't have L3 caches or have differing sizes. If every Mac since OSX's release had a 1meg L3 cache they could really really target that and optimize routines for it across the board like what happens in the X86 world. They can't.

      Then you hit the basic OS level... OSX is basically a re-porting of Openstep to PPC, but the kernel and loads of other stuff was never meant for or optimized for RISC but rather CISC (think about it... it went from moto's 68K to X86) and Apple has been more concerned with getting it up and running and working, moreso than optimization. You can find reference to this at unsanity.com's developer blogs.

      Then you have the fact that Cocoa, while being around for a long time, never really had a huge developer base. Ie, it's like lasso... ever heard of it? Probably not, but it's been around for years... but only a few people use it (smaller all the time). If IBM decided it was only going to build stuff using lasso, none of their people would know how the hell to use it to the best of its ability and would have to be trained. After a few years they'd be putting out some decent s

  3. Wholly Owned Subsidiaries by Johnny+Mozzarella · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Apple currently has several wholly owned subsidiaries such as:
    FileMaker - database sw
    Emagic - audio production hw & sw
    PowerSchool - student information system sw

    These subsidiaries are all primarily software companies that were purchased to round out Apple's offerings on their platform. Steve has long touted Apple's strength being it's ability to control and integrate both hardware and software.

    I could however see some of the following happen:
    ? WebObjects sold to FileMaker
    ? Webobjects becomes it's own company
    ? Alias/Wavefront acquired as W.O.S.
    ? AMD($2.6B) acquired by Apple($6.8B)

    1. Re:Wholly Owned Subsidiaries by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Interesting

      ? AMD($2.6B) acquired by Apple($6.8B)

      I'm not sure what you base this on, but you wanna hear a funny story? You know where the originally Apple/AMD story came from? It's hilarious.

      One of the rumor sites picked up word from inside Apple that the company was working on AMD. Naturally, they ran the story as speculation that Apple was looking at either new CPU's, or new embedded microprocessors, or something like that.

      Except it was all a big mixup. Apple wasn't working on AMD, the company. They were working on AMD, the auto-mounter daemon. They were working on fixing some bugs that were keeping AMD from working on OS X.

      Funny, huh?

  4. Re:Spoken like a true analyst by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

    they're forgetting that Microsoft got to their dominant position by illegally abusing their monopoly.

    Oh, come on. "Microsoft got to be a monopoly by illegally being a monopoly." Huh?

    Microsoft got to be the dominant OS provider by giving the market a product they wanted at a price they wanted to pay. That's all there is to it. Whatever happened after they made it to the top of the heap is entirely separate.

    I dislike Microsoft as much as anybody... well, okay, that's not true. I dislike Microsoft a lot, but way less than your average Slashbot. But let's be fair about this. Condemn them for what they did wrong, praise them for what they did right.

    Palm is quickly on their way to becoming the "Iomega" of PDAs -- fast start, no forward momentum, and eventually moribund.

    You say that based on what, exactly? My girlfriend dropped her Palm Vx on Friday and broke the screen. (She's an MD, so she's hell on Palms.) We went to the store and looked at all the options, and decided on a Tungsten T. Built-in Bluetooth (which is more of a gimmick than a real feature right now, but that's just because iSync isn't quite there yet), bright color screen, incredibly fast, expandable, $500. If she'd wanted fewer features, she could have bought the m515, or even the Zire thing.

    Palm is still the standard against which all PDA's are judged, and rightly so. They do it right.

  5. Argh! by Dixie_Flatline · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Geez, did reading that article make anyone else's temperature rise? The whole thing is a mishmash of poor conclusions based on shaky assumptions, with a little bit of misinformation thrown in. Apple doesn't have a 'proprietary PPC' microprocessor. Why would people want to buy OSX on their PC? Half the non-computer people I know don't even know what version of WINDOWS they're running. And given that Dell and HP have had such a time trying to offer Linux on their machines without Microsoft breathing down their necks, this author and those analysts think that OSX on Dell is going to fly? What fantasy world do these people live in?

    Splitting up Apple MAY be a good idea, but the way they propose and the conclusions that they come to are all stupid. If it's a good idea, it's not a good idea the way THEY'VE laid it out.

    For anyone that hasn't read the article yet, don't bother. It's another one of those Apple-is-already-dead-but-they-just-don't-realize- it-yet articles.

  6. Re:IBM went through this, by nycroft · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Steve jobs seems to be leveraging the HW/SW integration as a strength to make mac systems work as well as they do. I don't think he wants to give this up.

    Exactly. In his keynote speech at Macworld in January, Jobs stated that he wants the Mac to be the digital hub of your home, business or school. He wants the Mac to be the best by having the hardware and software completely integrated. The iLife software package is proof of Apple's commitment to making Macs enjoyable and easy to use for everyone. The new release of iTunes Music Store only confirms Apple's commitment to both hardware and software. They are both close to Jobs' heart, and they should be close to the shareholders' hearts as well. To split the company up would negate all of those wishes.

    To me, Apple stock is on sale. Sure it hasn't moved in a while, but if I buy a whole bunch, that in no way implies that I want them to split the company up, as the article suggests. I am merely waiting for the next big thing that's going to send the stock soaring. This happens with Apple every once in a while. Good things that happen with this company are always preceded by negativity.

    Just watch. You'll see.

    --
    Mr. Bond, they have a saying in Chicago: Once is happenstance. Twice is coincidence. The third time is enemy action.
  7. This Article sponsered by... by Sophrosyne · · Score: 2, Interesting


    DELL!
    In seriousness, Anyone that believes Apple would perform better as two disconected halfs is a total idiot- and really doesn't deserve to own stock in any company!
    Apple has built a whole merchindising scheme based on products integrated with hardware....
    Nothing suprises me anymore...

  8. Re:it appears... by sg3000 · · Score: 2, Interesting

    > I own and love a Palm, and I still wouldn't buy the stock.

    You're absolutely correct. If I were going to buy a PDA today, it would be a Palm, hands down. However, their business is doing poorly, and I see no way for them to fix themselves in the long run. That doesn't mean their PDAs aren't good; it's just that they're not positioned to be a strong business in the long term.

    An additional problem is where will PDAs be in 3 years? The problem is, when people travel, three common things to carry are:

    1. Mobile phone
    2. PDA
    3. MP3 player

    The problem is the functions are starting to overlap. Mobile phones can store hundreds of contacts, and with iSync, they can be synched automatically. And since it's kind of silly to have to look up the number in a PDA and then type it into a phone, it makes sense that for plain phone numbers, the phone takes precedence.

    Now for MP3 players, the iPod is the coolest. And it can store phone numbers and addresses too (although why you can't assign categories to the addresses so I can easily find one address out of the 600 in my iPod is beyond me!). So out of the three devices, if you have to give up one, it will likely be the PDA.

    Therefore, between cell phones and MP3 players like the iPod, I think the regular PDA will eventually be squeezed out.

    Perhaps Palm should have bought Rio a few years ago (before the iPod) and gone that route instead of stagnating with their PDA line. Or maybe they should have partnered with cell phone companies (and I don't mean that funky SprintPCS phone thing they built) to build a small phone with excellent synching capabilities.

    --
    Insert simplistic political, ideological, or personal proselytization here.
  9. Postcard from the REAL World by gcondon · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Even though there are several business practices which are uniquely prohibited for monopolies, rest assured that there are plenty of other illegal acts that businesses can and do commit - including Microsoft. Many of the resulting cases are settled out of court, oftentimes with agreements that are disproportionately favorable to the 800 pound gorilla.

    If you are really so interested in the REAL world, it's about time that you accept the fact that Microsoft's big break came from striking a particularly favorable deal with some soft-headed IBM execs to sell a product that they bought off another company which in turn blatently stole from a genuine computer visionary. Their success has largely derived from using that break to foist a series of mediocre products on a largely ignorant public until they reached the critical mass necessary to quash nearly all perceived threats.

    I hope that Apple continues to thrive. First, because I love an underdog. Second, because, whenever you use one of their products, you can tell that the people who made them really love computers - much like myself. I have never had that experience using anything made by Microsoft.

  10. Why not? by LenE · · Score: 2, Interesting

    That strategy worked so well for sgi.

    The only one who made out from that mess was Rocket Rick Beluzzo, who got a cushy job at M$ for hatching that brain fart. Although he isn't with MSFT anymore. I could see Steve playing Billy G's lap dog (yeah right).

    Yeah, Apple should alienate their user base, force an inferior OS on them, with hardware that will be overpriced because they will feel compelled to use some of their own ASICs to do things more correctly than the PC/AT standard architecture. That will win them a big market share with people who already perceive them to be building non-compatible overpriced hardware. Otherwise, they could import whatever crap they can muster from Taiwan, and just call their decades of hardware engineering investment a write-off. That would obviously be the best course of action.

    This smells like it was funded by Redmond.

    -- Len

  11. porting OSX to WIntel is insane by uncadonna · · Score: 3, Interesting
    Wintel systems dominate the "market", to some extent, not despite the fact that they are dreadful but because of it. People feel compelled to upgrade in the forlorn hope that MS will get it right this time. That means more dollars spent on hardware to support the latest re-bloat of the OS.

    I am convinced that Apple has much larger mindshare than its market share shows. Apple users LIKE to use their Apples, and use them a LOT for a LONG TIME. I would bet the usage per dollar expended on Apple machines is much more favorable than for Wintel boxes.

    As a consumer or a developer of applications that depend on good UI design and solid infrastructure (as opposed to cutting-edge performance-critical applications), I am interested in finding systems that work for me for a long time, not in finding systems that compel constant infrastructure hassles, learning and retooling costs, and on-hold music from unhelpful help desks.

    THe existing Apple strategy will gain total sales and market share but only slowly. (At some point, it may actually shrink the total market size, as it returns more value to the consumer.) This may be small consolation for investors. The current strategy has a good chance of winning in the long run, but the turnaround will continue to be slow.

    Splitting Apple won't help from the financial point of view.

    Consider. Why does Apple suddenly have stunningly good software? There are three parts to the answer. 1) capitalizing on excellent pre-existing software (BSD and NextStep) 2) hard work by talented people and 3) a closed, finite set of hardware platforms.

    Support random Wintel boxes and away goes your ease of development and low cost/high quality support.

    If Apple splits in order to sell OSX to the WIntel platform, the hardware division suffers direct competition from Dell and the software division gets huge support nightmares in exchange for either a tiny market (post-OEM OS installs) or a market that MS has shown no inclination to share (commodity Wintel platform OEM installs).

    There's no great market advantage to Aqua screens of death. Though I am sure they would be more attractive and polite, I don't think that's the best way to gain market share.

    There are tremendous productivity and reliability advantages to an integrated hardware/software company for commodity machines, and Aplle stands alone in owning this space. Apple has it right and should stay the course.

    If the investment community tries to derail this, Apple should indeed go to a privately held company, but held by people who appreciate the amazing work they have recently done and intend to hold to the plan to capture the eventual return. I wonder if ownership by a user consortium might actually work to protect the platform from this muddleheaded strategy.

    --
    mt