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FreeBSD 4.9 RC1 Ready For Testing

wumpus188 writes "FreeBSD Release Eng. Team's Murray Stokely announces the availability of first release candidate for FreeBSD 4.9 (RC1). He is requesting everyone to download and test, including helping with finding bugs. As indicated in the Release Engineering Team's testing agenda, more testing should be done with PAE systems to test device compatibility and performance. In particular, active systems with 12 gigs of RAM or more should be thoroughly tested to make sure the various memory allocation algorithms in the kernel still scale properly."

48 comments

  1. Hmmm by scumbucket · · Score: 1, Insightful

    I guess this means that BSD isn't dying after all.
    Sorry, couldn't resist......

    --
    CMDRTACO CHECK YOUR EMAIL!
  2. active systems with 12 gigs of RAM or more by Tumbleweed · · Score: 4, Funny

    > In particular, active systems with 12 gigs of RAM or more should be thoroughly tested

    Yes. Both of them. Sheesh.

    1. Re:active systems with 12 gigs of RAM or more by konmaskisin · · Score: 1

      There's hundreds of BSD users with this equipment.

    2. Re:active systems with 12 gigs of RAM or more by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I thought there were only a hundred of BSD users.

    3. Re:active systems with 12 gigs of RAM or more by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I thought

      Go get the blood flow to your brain checked, because your brain isn't working.

      If it was, you wouldn't be thinking this:

      only a hundred of BSD users.

    4. Re:active systems with 12 gigs of RAM or more by Anonymous Coward · · Score: -1, Troll

      Elegy For *BSD


      I am a *BSD user,
      and I try hard to be brave
      That is a tall order
      *BSD's foot is in the grave.

      I tap at my toy keyboard
      and whistle a happy tune
      but keeping happy's so hard,
      *BSD died so soon.

      Each day I wake and softly sob
      Nightfall finds me crying
      Not only am I a zit faced slob
      but *BSD is dying.

    5. Re:active systems with 12 gigs of RAM or more by Tumbleweed · · Score: 1

      It was a joke, son. Laugh.

      (murderous Homer mode on) I...said...laugh... (off)

    6. Re:active systems with 12 gigs of RAM or more by chadm1967 · · Score: 0

      Good one....... :-)

    7. Re:active systems with 12 gigs of RAM or more by Anonymous Coward · · Score: -1, Flamebait

      FreeBSD is dead and buried. M'kay?

    8. Re:active systems with 12 gigs of RAM or more by Anonymous Coward · · Score: -1, Troll
      It is sort of a waste time learning this BSD stuff because, whether you like it or not, BSD is fading out. It is not in the mainstream. It is like the Amiga. Whether this fading from popularity constitutes "dying", I don't know, and I don't really care. What I do know is that when you choose a marginalized operating system you are not just choosing a tool, you are getting saddled with a hobby that you may not want.

      Margialized operating systems require you to jump through more hoops to get things accomplished. Not only do you have to track changes in your operating system, but you have to track changes in unsupported software and emulation libraries. You always have to tweak and use "work-arounds" because your hardware is probably not supported by any vendor.

      Things only get more hairy day by day as BSD becomes increasingly marginalized.

  3. important question by Anonymous Coward · · Score: -1, Offtopic
    Q: How many slashdot janitors does it take to change a lightbulb?


    A: Nobody cares!

  4. RC1 already? by aliquis · · Score: 1

    If I remember things right I got mails every now and then with complains about how bad this and that worked from the freebsd mailinglists.
    I usually don't read that many mailinglists so maybe that is common and no trouble but I wouldn't have belived they was considering a release already.

    1. Re:RC1 already? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Complaints about 4.9-PRERELEASE or 5.1-CURRENT?

    2. Re:RC1 already? by __past__ · · Score: 2, Informative

      It is still at least 1.5 months until 4.9 is released, according to the release schedule, and generally the FreeBSD team will accept delays in the interest of stability and not rush out something half-baked. 5.0 has been delayed more than one year, IIRC. During such a timeframe, certain other free Unix-like OSes change half of your supposedly stable kernel under your back and accidentally eat your file systems three times without bumping the minor version number.

    3. Re:RC1 already? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: -1, Flamebait

      FreeBSD is actually fading away. Some would call this "dying". I dunno. Whatever. FreeBSD won't be around in another year or two. That's the point.

    4. Re:RC1 already? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      FreeBSD suffers from a couple of serious process flaws -- it is an operating system which is truly at home neither in the open-source nor the proprietary markets primarily because, although the source is open, the development team is not. Furthermore the license allows proprietary software to "steal" source code and use it. The combination of these problems leads to a somewhat inferior OS.

      Now, Apache uses a BSD style license but they have an open development model which allows them to take advantage of a very large developer pool in order to stay ahead of their competition. In fact although proprietary versions of Apache exist which perform better than the official releases, SGI has put out some open source patches which generate even larger performance boosts. This is the reason why they have such a strong showing in terms of market share.

      BSD once had potential but the procedural problems they are experiencing hurt it when it comes to the market. I suspect that this is probably in part because the BSD teams are not interested in such things, and that is a shame... In fact, although I labeled it as an inferior OS, this is not due to lack of progress within BSD -- it has been progressing somewhat, but rather because all the improvements they make tend to be quickly copied by their competitors AND they lack the developer pool to stay ahead of this game (a problem which does not exist in the Linux or Apache communities, though for somewhat different reasons).

      I don't think that there is enough widespread support for BSD to save the operating system. What must be done is an opening up of the development process OR a GPL-style restriction on redistribution. In many ways I favor the former.

      Even in a worst case scenario, I don't see BSD completely dying. I think the developers are less into competition and more into a sort of idealized cooperation. As a result, even if BSD becomes more marginalized, I don't think that it will die outright. It will most likely outlive Netware, for example.

  5. My prelim bug report by Anonymous Coward · · Score: -1, Offtopic

    1) No pulse found since boot up. I think this release is just dead.

    1. Re:My prelim bug report by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

      No wonder. You are so stupid to look for a pulse on a computer.

      Better check your own pulse on your neck. Seems you lack blood flow to the brain.

  6. 4.9 RC1 by secolactico · · Score: 1

    Eh? I'm almost positive that I cvsup'ed to 4.9 RC1 a couple fo weeks ago (and for my non-production needs, it's pretty stable. It probably would be for my production needs but I'm still at 4.7 in those machines).

    --
    No sig
    1. Re:4.9 RC1 by ffsnjb · · Score: 2, Informative

      Your kernel is probably tagged as 4.9-PRERELEASE, as all of mine are.

      --
      "Why do you consent to live in ignorance and fear?" - Bad Religion
    2. Re:4.9 RC1 by cant_get_a_good_nick · · Score: 1

      I'm at 4.9 PRE as well. Is there a way to track 4.8, but get enhancements as well as security changes, but not move to 4.9 until its actually released?

    3. Re:4.9 RC1 by Strog · · Score: 1

      RELENG_4 gets you the 4-Stable branch and you'll get all enhancements and security fixes. It will also get you 4.9PRE and briefly 4.9-RELEASE when it gets to that. RELENG_4_8 will get you 4.8-RELEASE plus security patches.

      It sounds like you already have what you want. If you don't want uname to say 4.9PRE then hack /usr/src/sys/conf/newvers.sh to say what you want and you'll have it all. :P

    4. Re:4.9 RC1 by cant_get_a_good_nick · · Score: 1

      Thanks, lots of info. Does RELENG_4_8 get any updates besides security fixes?

      I'm not really worried about uname as much as stability. Not sure how 4.9-PRE compares in stability to tracking RELENG_4_8.

    5. Re:4.9 RC1 by phoenix_rizzen · · Score: 3, Informative

      RELENG_4 tracks -stable. This is a moving target and isn't always stable or usable. All new developments in the 4.x branch are made here, and all new releases in the 4.x branch are tagged from here.

      RELENG_4_X tracks 4.X + security fixes. Security fixes and super-major bug fixes are the only things that get added to this branch. No new features will be added here.

      RELENG_4_X_Y_RELEASE will get you 4.X.Y release, the same code as is put on the CDs.

    6. Re:4.9 RC1 by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      Although it is true that FreeBSD is dying, there are some helpful steps you can take ease your sorrow,
      • deal with the inevitable.
      • grieve for your loss.
      • move on.
      Never let your emotions get mixed up with something as silly as a computer operating system. It isn't healthy. So FreeBSD fails. Big whoop. Deal with it and move on.

      Hope this helps.

  7. OK , maybe this is a stupid question but.... by Viol8 · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Is the 5.x series stable enough yet to use in a serious enviroment or should I stick to 4.x for
    the time being? Even though I use FreeBSD (though admittedly only as a backup OS to Linux) I'm confused by their release policy. At what minor
    version increment do current release branches become stable or are we supposed to just hope for the best?
    If 5.0 was as unstable as I've heard in certain situations why was it ever released , why don't they just do the same as the linux kernel
    team and keep releasing beta versions until things seem ok?

    1. Re:OK , maybe this is a stupid question but.... by joaobranco · · Score: 2, Informative

      If you want stability, use STABLE releases, (4.8, 4.9 in a few days/weeks).

      If you want the bleeding edge, you can try CURRENT (HEAD, 5.1). But they call it bleeding edge, because you might cut yourself, you know.

      That said, I am using a 5-CURRENT machine to write this. I haven't had major troubles with this. But, if you aren't the kind of person who would use a odd-numbered kernel in linux, you should stick with STABLE releases. I have all my production machines in STABLE, I only use CURRENT in my "expendable" machines (like my own workstation).

      There is information on which branch is STABLE - Production (at this moment its last release was 4.8, soon will be 4.9) and which branch is CURRENT - Technology Preview (at this moment, the last release was 5.1, will be 5.2 in a while) on the freebsd home page (www.freebsd.org).

    2. Re:OK , maybe this is a stupid question but.... by Viol8 · · Score: 1

      Any ETA of when 5.x will become STABLE? Since I like the new features but I can't put up with a flakey server.

    3. Re:OK , maybe this is a stupid question but.... by platipusrc · · Score: 1

      5.1-RELEASE isn't flaky really, but the stable release branch will probably come about at either 5.2 or 5.3, depending on what the FreeBSD team decides.

      My workstation running 5.1 was up for 60 days no problem. Only reason it went down was because of the nvidia kernel module, which you probably wouldn't be using on a production machine anyway.

      --
      And the muscular cyborg German dudes dance with sexy French Canadians
    4. Re:OK , maybe this is a stupid question but.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      why don't they just do the same as the linux kernel
      team and keep releasing beta versions until things seem ok?


      I would hope the FreeBSD team would have higher standards than that!

      I'd say go read about The kernel of pain but it seems it has been removed.

    5. Re:OK , maybe this is a stupid question but.... by __past__ · · Score: 2, Informative
      Don't hold your breath. The current estimated release date for 5.3, which will become RELENG_5, is march 2004.

      Personally, I plan to switch when 5.2 is released, though. Mostly for the filesystem snapshots and background fsck. I too use FBSD 5 on my personal workstation and have scince 5.0-RELEASE, without any problems, so I don't worry too much.

    6. Re:OK , maybe this is a stupid question but.... by Viol8 · · Score: 0, Flamebait

      Well given the amount of bugs in 5.0, apparently not!

    7. Re:OK , maybe this is a stupid question but.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Well given the amount of bugs in 5.0, apparently not!

      Geee, lets see.

      5.0 is CURRENT == may have bugs.

      The Linux 2.2.X kernel series was 'production quality' - or so the claim was.

      4+ remote root exploits in the 2.2 series kernel.

      Now, exactly HOW did you arrive at your 'conclusion' about comparing 5.0 to Linux 2.2?

    8. Re:OK , maybe this is a stupid question but.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: -1, Troll
      It is official; Netcraft now confirms: *BSD is dying

      One more crippling bombshell hit the already beleaguered *BSD community when IDC confirmed that *BSD market share has dropped yet again, now down to less than a fraction of 1 percent of all servers. Coming on the heels of a recent Netcraft survey which plainly states that *BSD has lost more market share, this news serves to reinforce what we've known all along. *BSD is collapsing in complete disarray, as fittingly exemplified by failing dead last in the recent Sys Admin comprehensive networking test.

      You don't need to be a Kreskin to predict *BSD's future. The hand writing is on the wall: *BSD faces a bleak future. In fact there won't be any future at all for *BSD because *BSD is dying. Things are looking very bad for *BSD. As many of us are already aware, *BSD continues to lose market share. Red ink flows like a river of blood.

      FreeBSD is the most endangered of them all, having lost 93% of its core developers. The sudden and unpleasant departures of long time FreeBSD developers Jordan Hubbard and Mike Smith only serve to underscore the point more clearly. There can no longer be any doubt: FreeBSD is dying.

      Let's keep to the facts and look at the numbers.

      OpenBSD leader Theo states that there are 7000 users of OpenBSD. How many users of NetBSD are there? Let's see. The number of OpenBSD versus NetBSD posts on Usenet is roughly in ratio of 5 to 1. Therefore there are about 7000/5 = 1400 NetBSD users. BSD/OS posts on Usenet are about half of the volume of NetBSD posts. Therefore there are about 700 users of BSD/OS. A recent article put FreeBSD at about 80 percent of the *BSD market. Therefore there are (7000+1400+700)*4 = 36400 FreeBSD users. This is consistent with the number of FreeBSD Usenet posts.

      Due to the troubles of Walnut Creek, abysmal sales and so on, FreeBSD went out of business and was taken over by BSDI who sell another troubled OS. Now BSDI is also dead, its corpse turned over to yet another charnel house.

      All major surveys show that *BSD has steadily declined in market share. *BSD is very sick and its long term survival prospects are very dim. If *BSD is to survive at all it will be among OS dilettante dabblers. *BSD continues to decay. Nothing short of a miracle could save *BSD at this point in time. For all practical purposes, *BSD is dead.

      Fact: *BSD is dying

    9. Re:OK , maybe this is a stupid question but.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: -1, Troll
      The End of FreeBSD

      [note: in the following text, former FreeBSD developer Mike Smith gives his reasons for abandoning FreeBSD]

      When I stood for election to the FreeBSD core team nearly two years ago, many of you will recall that it was after a long series of debates during which I maintained that too much organisation, too many rules and too much formality would be a bad thing for the project.

      Today, as I read the latest discussions on the future of the FreeBSD project, I see the same problem; a few new faces and many of the old going over the same tired arguments and suggesting variations on the same worthless schemes. Frankly I'm sick of it.

      FreeBSD used to be fun. It used to be about doing things the right way. It used to be something that you could sink your teeth into when the mundane chores of programming for a living got you down. It was something cool and exciting; a way to spend your spare time on an endeavour you loved that was at the same time wholesome and worthwhile.

      It's not anymore. It's about bylaws and committees and reports and milestones, telling others what to do and doing what you're told. It's about who can rant the longest or shout the loudest or mislead the most people into a bloc in order to legitimise doing what they think is best. Individuals notwithstanding, the project as a whole has lost track of where it's going, and has instead become obsessed with process and mechanics.

      So I'm leaving core. I don't want to feel like I should be "doing something" about a project that has lost interest in having something done for it. I don't have the energy to fight what has clearly become a losing battle; I have a life to live and a job to keep, and I won't achieve any of the goals I personally consider worthwhile if I remain obligated to care for the project.

      Discussion

      I'm sure that I've offended some people already; I'm sure that by the time I'm done here, I'll have offended more. If you feel a need to play to the crowd in your replies rather than make a sincere effort to address the problems I'm discussing here, please do us the courtesy of playing your politics openly.

      From a technical perspective, the project faces a set of challenges that significantly outstrips our ability to deliver. Some of the resources that we need to address these challenges are tied up in the fruitless metadiscussions that have raged since we made the mistake of electing officers. Others have left in disgust, or been driven out by the culture of abuse and distraction that has grown up since then. More may well remain available to recruitment, but while the project is busy infighting our chances for successful outreach are sorely diminished.

      There's no simple solution to this. For the project to move forward, one or the other of the warring philosophies must win out; either the project returns to its laid-back roots and gets on with the work, or it transforms into a super-organised engineering project and executes a brilliant plan to deliver what, ultimately, we all know we want.

      Whatever path is chosen, whatever balance is struck, the choosing and the striking are the important parts. The current indecision and endless conflict are incompatible with any sort of progress.

      Trying to dissect the above is far beyond the scope of any parting shot, no matter how distended. All I can really ask of you all is to let go of the minutiae for a moment and take a look at the big picture. What is the ultimate goal here? How can we get there with as little overhead as possible? How would you like to be treated by your fellow travellers?

      Shouts

      To the Slashdot "BSD is dying" crowd - big deal. Death is part of the cycle; take a look at your soft, pallid bodies and consider that right this very moment, parts of you are dying. See? It's not so bad.

      To the bulk of the FreeBSD committerbase and the developer community at large - keep your eyes on the real goals. It's w

    10. Re:OK , maybe this is a stupid question but.... by rayvd · · Score: 1

      Well, I don't know what you'll be using the server, but we have a 5.1 box processing about 5000 messages a day (virtual domains, MySQL, SpamAssassin and Anomy Sanitizer). It gets a fair bit of load and I have had zero issues with it whatsoever.

      5000 messages a day is fairly light by a lot of standards though, so that is all I can speak to.

    11. Re:OK , maybe this is a stupid question but.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      5000 or 50000. It does make a difference because it doesn't scale linearaly.

  8. *BSD is dying by Anonymous Coward · · Score: -1, Troll
    Fact: *BSD is dying

    It is common knowledge that *BSD is dying, that ever hapless *BSD is mired in an irrecoverable and mortifying tangle of fatal trouble. It is perhaps anybody's guess as to which *BSD is the worst off of an admittedly suffering *BSD community. The numbers continue to decline for *BSD but FreeBSD may be hurting the most. Look at the numbers. The loss of user base for FreeBSD continues in a head spinning downward spiral.

    OpenBSD leader Theo states that there are 7000 users of OpenBSD. How many users of BSD are there? Let's see. The number of OpenBSD versus NetBSD posts on Usenet is roughly in ratio of 5 to 1. Therefore there are about 7000/5 = 1400 NetBSD users. BSD/OS posts on Usenet are about half of the volume of NetBSD posts. Therefore there are about 700 users of BSD/OS. A recent article put FreeBSD at about 80 percent of the *BSD market. Therefore there are (7000+1400+700)*4 = 36400 FreeBSD users. This is consistent with the number of FreeBSD Usenet posts.

    Due to the troubles of Walnut Creek, abysmal sales and so on, FreeBSD went out of business and was taken over by BSDI who sell another troubled OS. Now BSDI is also dead, its corpse turned over to yet another charnel house.

    All major marketing surveys show that *BSD has steadily declined in market share. *BSD is very sick and its long term survival prospects are very dim. If *BSD is to survive at all it will be among hobbyist dilettante dabblers. In truth, for all practical purposes *BSD is already dead. It is a dead man walking.

    Fact: *BSD is dying

    1. Re:*BSD is dying by penguinstorm · · Score: 1, Insightful

      wow - this is a brave comment to make, especially hiding behind the mask that is 'anonymous coward'.

      There's ample ammunition for the argument that FreeBSD is dead, but there's equally ample ammunition to support the view that FreeBSD development is strong. Given that it sits at the core of Apple's OS X, there is substantial opportunity to gain from this.

      I think that the death of FreeBSD as an OS is premature: the death of commercial releases may be real.

      I vastly prefer messing around with FreeBSD: faster, more stable and equally productive when compared to most Linux releases.

      And Red Hat? Well, they've done a great job commercializing the thing, but does anybody actually like using it? It's a compromise - albeit a good one for some purposes. If I were installing desktops, it'd probably be my FreeOS of choice.

      --
      Skot Nelson music is my saviour / i was maimed by rock and roll
    2. Re:*BSD is dying by Viol8 · · Score: 1

      You must be new here. The BSD is dying troll have been around for ever it seems. I'm not sure if he thinks he's being funny, annoying or he's got a gripe
      against BSD itself. Either way he needs to seek help IMO.

    3. Re:*BSD is dying by Anonymous Coward · · Score: -1, Troll
      It is sort of a waste time learning this BSD stuff because, whether you like it or not, BSD is fading out. It is not in the mainstream. It is like the Amiga. Whether this fading from popularity constitutes "dying", I don't know, and I don't really care. What I do know is that when you choose a marginalized operating system you are not just choosing a tool, you are getting saddled with a hobby that you may not want.

      Margialized operating systems require you to jump through more hoops to get things accomplished. Not only do you have to track changes in your operating system, but you have to track changes in unsupported software and emulation libraries. You always have to tweak and use "work-arounds" because your hardware is probably not supported by any vendor.

      Things only get more hairy day by day as BSD becomes increasingly marginalized.

    4. Re:*BSD is dying by Anonymous Coward · · Score: -1, Troll
      Although it is true that BSD is dying, there are some helpful steps you can take ease your sorrow,
      • deal with the inevitable.
      • grieve for your loss.
      • move on.
      Never let your emotions get mixed up with something as silly as a computer operating system. It isn't healthy. So BSD fails. Big whoop. Deal with it and move on.

      Hope this helps.

  9. What We Can Learn From BSD by Anonymous Coward · · Score: -1, Troll

    What We Can Learn From BSD
    By Chinese Karma Whore, Version 1.0

    Everyone knows about BSD's failure and imminent demise. As we pore over the history of BSD, we'll uncover a story of fatal mistakes, poor priorities, and personal rivalry, and we'll learn what mistakes to avoid so as to save Linux from a similarly grisly fate.

    Let's not be overly morbid and give BSD credit for its early successes. In the 1970s, Ken Thompson and Bill Joy both made significant contributions to the computing world on the BSD platform. In the 80s, DARPA saw BSD as the premiere open platform, and, after initial successes with the 4.1BSD product, gave the BSD company a 2 year contract.

    These early triumphs would soon be forgotten in a series of internal conflicts that would mar BSD's progress. In 1992, AT&T filed suit against Berkeley Software, claiming that proprietary code agreements had been haphazardly violated. In the same year, BSD filed countersuit, reciprocating bad intentions and fueling internal rivalry. While AT&T and Berkeley Software lawyers battled in court, lead developers of various BSD distributions quarreled on Usenet. In 1995, Theo de Raadt, one of the founders of the NetBSD project, formed his own rival distribution, OpenBSD, as the result of a quarrel that he documents on his website. Mr. de Raadt's stubborn arrogance was later seen in his clash with Darren Reed, which resulted in the expulsion of IPF from the OpenBSD distribution.

    As personal rivalries took precedence over a quality product, BSD's codebase became worse and worse. As we all know, incompatibilities between each BSD distribution make code sharing an arduous task. Research conducted at MIT found BSD's filesystem implementation to be "very poorly performing." Even BSD's acclaimed TCP/IP stack has lagged behind, according to this study.

    Problems with BSD's codebase were compounded by fundamental flaws in the BSD design approach. As argued by Eric Raymond in his watershed essay, The Cathedral and the Bazaar, rapid, decentralized development models are inherently superior to slow, centralized ones in software development. BSD developers never heeded Mr. Raymond's lesson and insisted that centralized models lead to 'cleaner code.' Don't believe their hype - BSD's development model has significantly impaired its progress. Any achievements that BSD managed to make were nullified by the BSD license, which allows corporations and coders alike to reap profits without reciprocating the goodwill of open-source. Fortunately, Linux is not prone to this exploitation, as it is licensed under the GPL.

    The failure of BSD culminated in the resignation of Jordan Hubbard and Michael Smith from the FreeBSD core team. They both believed that FreeBSD had long lost its earlier vitality. Like an empire in decline, BSD had become bureaucratic and stagnant. As Linux gains market share and as BSD sinks deeper into the mire of decay, their parting addresses will resound as fitting eulogies to BSD's demise.

  10. Margialized operating systems by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Margialized operating systems require you to jump through more hoops to get things accomplished.

    Yea, like that RedHat Linux stuff. 7.0 required you to upgrade the compiler just so the kernel would compile.

  11. Just the facts, ma'am. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: -1, Troll

    What We Can Learn From BSD
    By Chinese Karma Whore, Version 1.0

    Everyone knows about BSD's failure and imminent demise. As we pore over the history of BSD, we'll uncover a story of fatal mistakes, poor priorities, and personal rivalry, and we'll learn what mistakes to avoid so as to save Linux from a similarly grisly fate.

    Let's not be overly morbid and give BSD credit for its early successes. In the 1970s, Ken Thompson and Bill Joy both made significant contributions to the computing world on the BSD platform. In the 80s, DARPA saw BSD as the premiere open platform, and, after initial successes with the 4.1BSD product, gave the BSD company a 2 year contract.

    These early triumphs would soon be forgotten in a series of internal conflicts that would mar BSD's progress. In 1992, AT&T filed suit against Berkeley Software, claiming that proprietary code agreements had been haphazardly violated. In the same year, BSD filed countersuit, reciprocating bad intentions and fueling internal rivalry. While AT&T and Berkeley Software lawyers battled in court, lead developers of various BSD distributions quarreled on Usenet. In 1995, Theo de Raadt, one of the founders of the NetBSD project, formed his own rival distribution, OpenBSD, as the result of a quarrel that he documents on his website. Mr. de Raadt's stubborn arrogance was later seen in his clash with Darren Reed, which resulted in the expulsion of IPF from the OpenBSD distribution.

    As personal rivalries took precedence over a quality product, BSD's codebase became worse and worse. As we all know, incompatibilities between each BSD distribution make code sharing an arduous task. Research conducted at MIT found BSD's filesystem implementation to be "very poorly performing." Even BSD's acclaimed TCP/IP stack has lagged behind, according to this study.

    Problems with BSD's codebase were compounded by fundamental flaws in the BSD design approach. As argued by Eric Raymond in his watershed essay, The Cathedral and the Bazaar, rapid, decentralized development models are inherently superior to slow, centralized ones in software development. BSD developers never heeded Mr. Raymond's lesson and insisted that centralized models lead to 'cleaner code.' Don't believe their hype - BSD's development model has significantly impaired its progress. Any achievements that BSD managed to make were nullified by the BSD license, which allows corporations and coders alike to reap profits without reciprocating the generous goodwill of open-source. Fortunately, Linux is not prone to this exploitation, as it is licensed under the GPL.

    The failure of BSD culminated in the resignation of Jordan Hubbard and Michael Smith from the FreeBSD core team. They both believed that FreeBSD had long lost its earlier vitality. Like an empire in decline, BSD had become bureaucratic and stagnant. As Linux gains market share and as BSD sinks deeper into the mire of decay, their parting addresses will resound as fitting eulogies to BSD's demise.

  12. 4.9 is coming along nicely by puzzled · · Score: 1



    The OpenSSH/OpenSSL bugs are mostly ironed out, watch for bind9.2.4 in /usr/ports/dns - a new subdirectory, and other than that it looks ready to go - I've been pushing it on my intel DNS/ssh/qmail boxes since a few weeks after code freeze and its been very, very, very stable.

    --
    I am very easy to get along with, but I don't have time to waste being nice to people who are being stupid. -Theo
  13. Gray Niggards by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The Gray Niggard Association of America (GNAA) is the group that represents the world's Gray Niggard population as well as those colorful, spendthrift patrons that support it. Its mission is to foster a drab and penny-pinching climate that destroys and undermines our members' creative and financial vitality. Its members are the gray niggards that comprise the most vibrant national gray niggard conglomerate in the world. GNAA members create, manufacture and/or distribute approximately 90% of all legitimate pro-gray propaganda and books full of money-saving tips produced and sold in the United States.

    We strongly urge you to join the GNAA and support our cause. Gray Niggards everywhere need your help!

    BE NIGGARDLY!

    BE GRAY!

    JOIN THE GNAA!!

    Join #GNAA on the EFNet IRC Network today! (irc.goatse.cx, irc.justice.gov, irc.slashdot.org)

    \-posted by GNAA member Slash Dot

  14. 4.9 is sweet by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I've had 4.9 in production use since I cvsup'd a box with 4.8 on it...it is indeed very sweet.

    Client deciding to switch to FreeBSD during an upgrade cycle, partially due to fear of SCO FUD (if they're right, they don't want to buy a $700 license for a new linux box, when a new FreeBSD box will be free for the OS either way).