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Salon Interviews Neal Stephenson

edibleplastic writes "Salon has a great interview with Neal Stephenson, author of such science fiction favorites as Snow Crash, Cryptonomicon, and Quicksilver. He discusses his views on the scientific community (both past and present), the world of science fiction, and writing in general. "I think there are common threads between writing and programming... All I'm saying is that the thing you're making -- the novel or the computer program -- has got a very complicated and finely wrought hierarchical structure to it. The structure has to work right or the whole thing fails. But the only way you can work on it is by hitting one character at a time...""

26 of 256 comments (clear)

  1. Re:Writing is like Programming? by Stunning+Tard · · Score: 1, Insightful

    In the endless editions of identical books. Hardy brothers? Start Trek, Star Wars, Robotech?

  2. What? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Why do people treat fiction authors liek gurus? I saw a robotics aritcleon here the other day where people were seriously talking about Asimov's 3 laws of robotics like they were actually applicable to real life.

    I don't understand. You don't see lawyers clamoring at the bit for Grisham's insights into their world, but you see IT dorks hanging on every word a sci-fi author drops like he just came down from teh mountain with the 10 tips to avoid being outsourced chiseled into two stone tablets.

    1. Re:What? by Anonymous+Codger · · Score: 5, Insightful

      "I don't understand. You don't see lawyers clamoring at the bit for Grisham's insights into their world, but you see IT dorks hanging on every word a sci-fi author drops like he just came down from teh mountain with the 10 tips to avoid being outsourced chiseled into two stone tablets."

      You've got the answer right there. Insight. Great SF writers have insights that are way beyond a popular fiction hack. Asimov projected a few simple ideas into the future, explored their impacts on society, and imagined solutions that future scientists might come up with to solve the problems that arise from new technology. Many of the ideas that SF writers like Asimov and Clarke (geosyncronous satellites, anyone?) have come up with have had real impact on our world.

      --
      No sig? Sigh...
    2. Re:What? by shadowcabbit · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Well, this is an obvious troll. But I feel the need to say something about it anyway. Sue me.

      You seem to be comparing Asimov and Grisham's works as if they were virtually interchangeable. They're not. Disregarding the issue of whether one is better than the other (and one always is better, depending on who you ask), Isaac Asimov's science fiction and John Grisham's legal fiction cannot easily be compared because they are two different and distinct forms of fiction.

      Grisham's work takes the existing laws of the legal world (in this case, actual legislation) and uses them as a framework for his novels. Lawyers already know these laws, and more often than not they're so common-knowledge that even IANALs can easily grasp the basics. In other words, a non-sci-fi author works with what is already known.

      Asimov's work took what (at the time) was a far-off concept and imagined what it would be like once real life caught up with it. Good science fiction isn't fiction at all-- it's philosophy and prediction. At some point in the future-- eventually-- we are going to have to deal with the prospect of robotics (Asimov). At some point in the future we are going to have to deal with direct computer-to-brain interfaces (Gibson). At some point we are going to have the technology that the authors of yesterday detailed and in some cases designed for us.

      Maybe I fell too hard for an obvious troll, but you raised what I thought was a semi-interesting (if somewhat ignorant) question.

      --
      "Why Subscribe?" Good question...
    3. Re:What? by hplasm · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Because they can spell?

      --
      ...and he grinned, like a fox eating shit out of a wire brush.
    4. Re:What? by gowen · · Score: 2, Insightful
      Orwell was primarily an SF writer
      Bullshit. Theres no science at all in 1984, and thats pretty much the only book he wrote that could even conceivably be thought of as SF. Road to Wigan Pier, Homage To Catalonia: SF? surely you jest.
      Coupland has no insights whatsoever.
      Well, you pays your money, you takes your choice. Personally, I find Stephenson dull -- too obsessed with the minutiae of technology to include such things as good characterisation and a plot that resolves satisfyingly. (I know its a cliche, but boy, do the endings to Cryptonomicon and the Diamond Age such, or what?) Beautifully observed from a geek perspective, and full of facts, but badly written. Coupland can dwell on minutiae too, but I prefer social minutiae to tech ones. And like it or not, Coupland was sufficiently socially insightful for one of his novel titles to attach itself to an entire demographic.
      --
      Athletic Scholarships to universities make as much sense as academic scholarships to sports teams.
    5. Re:What? by gowen · · Score: 2, Insightful
      it is set in a (then) future world which has been drastically altered from the one in which the author lived.
      Yes, its set in a future world, but not one that is all that far removed from the paranoia in the information department of the BBC, during WWII. Orwell himself said this was the primary influence.

      Sure, its hyperbole, but Orwell had personal experience of both Soviet Russia and Franco's Spain, so the ideas and working of totalitarian states was well known to him.

      1984 is about the future to the same extent that Animal Farm is about agriculture or Moby Dick is about whaling.
      --
      Athletic Scholarships to universities make as much sense as academic scholarships to sports teams.
    6. Re:What? by gowen · · Score: 2, Insightful
      Science fiction, and fantasy, postulate a world that functions differently than ours, be it by a little, or a lot, and explore how that world works.
      Thats a massively over-broad definition. Enormous amounts of fiction can be so described. By that definition, "Animal Farm" is SF/F because pigs can't really speak English. Maybe Dante's "Divine Comedy" is SF/F because angels and demons and ghosts exist in it.

      How about this definition:
      Science fiction is a form of fiction which deals principally with the impact of actual or imagined science (and/or technology) upon society or individuals.
      --
      Athletic Scholarships to universities make as much sense as academic scholarships to sports teams.
    7. Re:What? by Crispy+Critters · · Score: 2, Insightful
      "Good science fiction isn't fiction at all-- it's philosophy and prediction."

      Not always. One aspect of science fiction is that the author has complete control over the universe in which it is set. The author can use this control to create an environment specially tuned for the exploration of a theme of traditional literature. As an example, consider the themes of love and loneliness in Asimov's "The Naked Sun". Examining the hypothetical role of robots in society can also relate to the role of individual humans in today's society.

      Certainly there are examples of what some might call pure or hard-core science fiction that match your description, like many of Asimov's robot short stories or Heinlein's early short stories. This mode is difficult to translate well into full-length novels, with exceptions. Compare for example Foundation and Empire, which addresses human emotions and identity, to Foundation, which is more technical and holds itself at a distance from human emotion. Not many science fiction writers can (or have) put together a decent novel which is primarily "philosophy and prediction."

      I think that a lot of what is currently published as science fiction is much better as fiction than a lot of what is being published in the style of traditional fiction. Hard-core sf and non-hard-core sf play somewhat different roles in literature, and I am glad that we have both.

  3. Writing != Programming by WwWonka · · Score: 5, Insightful

    All I'm saying is that the thing you're making -- the novel or the computer program -- has got a very complicated and finely wrought hierarchical structure to it

    Programming is becoming the the new age lemming work for the 21st century. Writing "a great story" takes the creative juices and adds the authors personality and unique style. Add "unique" style to code and you have just become a sloppy programmer.

    1. Re:Writing != Programming by ThePretender · · Score: 4, Insightful

      it is similar to the "music is math" argument. At the base level, yes it is. But there is just something extra (they "creative juices" and "unique style" you mention) that transcends music's mathematical base. Such is the case with writing. People may churn out derivative books/essays/etc but there are still authors out there that add their unique touch to their work.

  4. Re:Neal Stephenson... by flaez · · Score: 5, Insightful

    I think there are common threads between writing and programming

    Except at the end of a program, you have close all your open brackets. And, programs do not need to have overblown hollywood showdowns as endings --

    seriously, I was fascinated by NS's books. I read Snowcrash, Diamond Age (the first novel I read on my cellphone, commuting), Cryptonomicon --- every one of these books made me unable to put them down during their first chapters, and had me cringing more and more towards their less than satisfying resolutions. This may be just a matter of taste, though. (But seriously -- mind-controlling magic qualities of the old sumerian language???)

  5. Re:Writing is like Programming? by Jeremy+Erwin · · Score: 2, Insightful
    for(i=1;i<625; i++)
    {
    printf("%d\t My Big Fat Novel \t Moi\t %d\n", 2*i, 2*i+1);
    }
    Actually, he believes that the process of writing is like programming in that it reduces a complex ephemeral idea into a series of characters.

    It's been a long time since anyone used a fountain pen to enter their programs, though.
  6. Oh, I know... by Allen+Zadr · · Score: 5, Insightful
    If Grisham wrote profound stories on the morality of laws and what they could mean if prosecuted, then lawyers probably would put more stock in his stories.

    However, the morility plays that have shown up in Grisham novels that I've read were not profound. They were just extensions or plays off of what we already know are current consequences of laws.

    On the other hand, Asimov (and I'd point out Philip Dick) put a lot of thought into the moral and ethical issues that could come out of technology that doesn't yet exist.

    Some of these predictions have already come true, because they were both profound and well thought out. There has been scientific research into robotics based on ideas from Asimov and Dick.

    They all tell good stories, but the bonus of SciFi is the profound consideration of things that could someday become reality.

    That said, there are things suggested by SciFi writers that are absurd. But people use thier own judgement as to whether these ideas have merit. Obviously, a lot of people have respect for Asimov's ideas. I think your best bet is to read some Asimov books and judge his ideas in their original context.

    --
    Kinetic stupidity has a new brand leader: Allen Zadr.
  7. Re:Reuseable code... by spurious+cowherd · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Oh ghu yes!

    Just read some of Heinlien's latter works for empirical evidence.

    --

    Time flies like an arrow, fruit flies like a banana.

  8. science fiction writers... by zogger · · Score: 2, Insightful

    are our futurists, because they are basically science nerds who write novels and short stories from their perspective. And it's really that simple. It doesn't mean they are all bang-on accurate prophets, but the really good ones and the good examples tend to have a nice track record so far on extrapolating technology trends and societal patterns.

  9. Re:Neal Stephenson... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0, Insightful

    Wow, you care a lot about moderation. Who gives a shit what gets modded up or down, really? And you post anonymously so you won't affect your streak of +5 posts, right?

    ps: I'm posting AC so it doesn't affect my karma. roflmao

  10. Mind-controling Sumerian... by mengel · · Score: 4, Insightful
    Actually, I thought it was a really cool concept -- that there could be a verbal, low-level, "machine language" for people; and that someone in history figured out how to write a security module in it so people couldn't just arbitrarily be ordered around anymore.

    I mean, come on, it's fiction! It's at least as believable as Elven magic...

    --
    - "History shows again and again how nature points out the folly of men" -- Blue Oyster Cult, 'Godzilla'
  11. Re:Quicksilver by imadork · · Score: 1, Insightful
    Quicksilver is the first book that I truly got pissed off while reading. While I appreciated the detail and wide scope of the book, it didn't have the motion that his other books had. It felt like being in a fast car but being stuck behind someone doing 20 in a no-passing zone. Would that be page rage instead of road rage?

    Eventually, I finished it, after putting it down for weeks at a time and then reading in three-day stretches. I'll read the second eventually, but maybe I'll wait for it to hit the discount rack. Actually, maybe I'll read cryptonomicon again instead...

  12. The showdown IS closing open brackets by technoCon · · Score: 2, Insightful

    The big showdown IS the equivalent (metaphorical (of closing brackets)).

    Or {parentheses, as the case may be}.

    You didn't see the last chapter of Cryptonomicon in the right light. To me, it looked like a friggin' LISP program with several hundred pages worth of loose ends tied up as best Stephenson could manage.

    (My fave (LISP) idiom was the square brace (that told the interpreter, "dammit, *you* count the parentheses (I'm done here]

  13. Re:Neal Stephenson... by ajs · · Score: 5, Insightful

    I mean, the guy was describing the sound of a pipe organ for two pages

    And, did you READ those two pages? I did, and I not only learned quite a bit, but I found myself wanting to learn more!

    I hate reading this kind of thing because it reminds me that we're now in the anti-erudite phase of American history. This happens periodically in most societies, and it's not surprising, but that doesn't mean I'm not saddened by it. Was a time that a guy writing a book, and spending two well-researched pages on a topic as obscure as how a pipe organ works would be welcomed and enjoyed for what it is, but now we have to slap the guy down for -- and I'm not making this up, it's a quote from the OP -- being "the literary equivalent of a nerdy kid who won't shut up about how smart he is."

    It's not like Stephenson says, "hey, I'm smart, wanna see? huh? huh? huh?" No, he just writes about a wide range of technical and social issues, layering them with the fruits of his research.

    Now, you want to talk about structure, we can get into that. I think his structure sucks, especially his endings. But, I put up with that because a) he has great ideas b) his characters react to those great ideas in interesting ways and c) I come out of one of his books knowing more, and having thought more about what I did know, than I did going in. Is that an unreasonable reaction to a good book?

    If Stephenson an, say, Banks (or any other writer who can mold a storyline around a story without leaving stretch-marks) ever collaborated the result would be quite interesting to watch.

  14. Disagree by arevos · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I've read both, and I prefer Snow Crash, because...

    1. More consistant pacing. Cryptonomicon meanders in places.

    2. Cryptonomicon starts so, and ends so fast you'd miss it if you blinked. It's as if his editor told him to hurry the book up, and Stephenson crammed the ending into as short a space as possible. Diamond Age suffers from this even further, stuffing as much as possible into the ending chapter. An epilogue would be so appreciated. Snow Crash ends a lot better, and seems better planned out.

    3. Can't figure out why you think Snow Crash is dull. Personally, I found Cryptonomicon to be dull in a few parts, whilst Snow Crash kept up its fast pacing most all the way through.

    Personally, I far prefer Snow Crash over Cryptonomicon. It's also the only Neal Stephenson book I've read that doesn't seem to much suffer from a rushed ending.

  15. Re:Neal Stephenson... by Blakey+Rat · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Snowcrash is 1 part nifty and 3 parts lame as hell. I'm sorry, I just wasn't that big a fan of the book... it didn't even come close to suspending my disbelief. Look at the main character:

    1) He invented half the virtual world, knew all its tricks, wrote the swordfighting code, etc.
    2) He was a master swordfighter himself.
    3) He owned like the fastest and coolest car ever.
    4) But as the book starts, he's living in a storage container and working as a pizza boy? Er... huh?
    5) Not to mention, he's like 30 years old. There's no way anyone can accomplish this in 30 years of *work*, much less 15 or so.

    Not even close to believable.

    Oh, and then there were the stupid pointless scenes of gore that made me almost puke. (One of the cops getting impaled, for instance... had nothing to do with the story, was just there to gross you out.)

    That said, the premise of the book was quite clever... but the lameness outweighed the coolness by quite a bit. Everybody is entitled to their opinion, of course, but Snowcrash was the first, and last, Stephenson I'll read.

  16. Re:not the best writer in the world by 0x0d0a · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Really? The gritty, over-the-top style from Snow Crash is what makes me really like him.

    I also found some of the insights in his work very interesting. I don't agree with all of them, but...well, let me put it this way. NS work reminds me vaguely of the literary version of The Matrix. The Matrix (the first movie) had lots of ridiculously over-the-top dialog and posturing, and was popular because of a bit of philosophy that was thrown in. NS throws a lot of interesting ideas into his books, and has the same over-the-topness. Plus, Snow Crash has a hacker for a Protagonist. What's not to like?

    I think that NS can have a tendancy to bog down sometimes. I can understand someone feeling that the comic-book-style over-the-top approach might be juvenile. However, these just really pale compared to the benefits.

    Oh, and NS writes fiction dealing with technology where those of us that know technology don't have to constantly wince at the absurd inaccuracies throughout the book.

  17. Re:Neal Stephenson... by Keith+Maniac · · Score: 3, Insightful

    He just needs a good editor.

    Don't even start Quicksilver, then.

    Halfway through Cryptonomicon, I thought is was one of the best books I'd read. I didn't feel that way by the end, for other reasons.

    The entire time I was reading Quicksilver, I thought "edit, edit, edit".

    The book should have been about half as long, and nothing would have been lost.

    (there are some good parts in Quicksilver, but the majority is fluff.)

  18. Umberto Eco's a good example of *his* point by ianscot · · Score: 3, Insightful

    As long as you mention it, I happen to be rereading "Name of the Rose" at night lately, and my impression from the first time -- that he was self-indulgent, like you're saying -- is basically completely gone by now. The book's really written cleanly, it works incredibly well. Also I'm finding his characters are more complete than I'd remembered them. (The movie, though, stunk.)

    I truly hate the idea that all fiction has to be so "tight" that every word drives the plot forward another step. If an author wants to assume I'm bright and curious enough to read two pages about pipe organs, and she can write, I'm there. Not everything has to have the narrative compression of a touring Broadway show. Sometimes it's okay to assume your audience is made up of intelligent, curious people who'll stick with you a little.

    Thomas Mann is another author whose stuff you probably wouldn't tolerate. Your loss, seriously. Sometimes Peter Cook's "Bedazzled" is cool, but there's a place in the world for "Doctor Faustus" too.

    And okay, sometimes those learned digressions are self-conscious fat to be trimmed -- but that isn't limited to "intellectual" fiction at all. Tom Clancy's got as much worthless detail (about military hardware) as anyone. The rafts of detail are painful to wade through, for me.

    So, uh, nope -- it's not as "simple as that."

    --
    "Fundamentalism" isn't about divine morality. It's about human authority.