Slashdot Mirror


Richard Clarke on Cyberterrorism and Iraq

An anonymous reader writes "Richard Clarke, former counter terrorism advisor to the US National Security Council, has revealed that before invading Iraq, the U.S. government used the Internet to communicate directly with Iraqi soldiers by sending them personalised messages saying, "We're about to invade. We're going to overwhelm you and if you resist us we're going to kill you. But we don't want to do that. So really the best thing for you to do when we invade is to go home." He said the soldiers got the message and most of them went home. Clarke, who many will remember for publicly criticizing the Bush administration, also emphasized the importance of cybersecurity. "Just because it doesn't create a lot of body bags, doesn't mean it's not important. It's vitally important for our economies," Clarke said."

37 of 592 comments (clear)

  1. So it was like by ch-chuck · · Score: 5, Insightful

    dropping propaganda leaflets from an airplane.
    I can't imagine too many of the Iraqi grunts with email or IM. Maybe the upper eschelon officers.

    --
    try { do() || do_not(); } catch (JediException err) { yoda(err); }
  2. Is SPAM about impending war a war crime? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    Or would they argue in the Hague that the personalized nature of the death threat made it okay?

  3. Comment removed by account_deleted · · Score: 5, Funny

    Comment removed based on user account deletion

  4. What about the ringtones? by MooseByte · · Score: 4, Funny

    "the U.S. government used the Internet to communicate directly with Iraqi soldiers by sending them personalised messages"

    But were they able to get the "Darth Vader Boards The Rebel Cruiser" ringtone to work at the same time? Now THAT would've been cool.

  5. Your average Iraqi soldier had email? by Skyshadow · · Score: 5, Funny
    Wait, so he's suggesting that your average Iraqi soldier on the front lines was reading his email on his Blackberry that morning and found this email among the herbal viagra and fake rolex spam?

    Why does that not seem likely to me? I mean, I was under the impression that most of these guys were lucky to have water or guns that worked.

    --
    Every year during my review, I just pray the words "slashdot.org" aren't mentioned.
  6. Dud3 0mG!!! by djcreamy · · Score: 5, Funny

    teh Bush i5 c0m1ng, 4ll ur b453 r b3l0ng 2 U.S.!!!!!!

  7. How about an ASCII movie instead? by orthogonal · · Score: 5, Funny

    before invading Iraq, the U.S. government used the Internet to communicate directly with Iraqi soldiers by sending them personalised messages saying, "We're about to invade. We're going to overwhelm you and if you resist us we're going to kill you...."

    Before we invade Iran and Syria, maybe they should send this instead.

  8. They got a 65% defection rate... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Funny

    ...and a 35% request for penis lengthening rate.

  9. Forgot the reply by y2imm · · Score: 5, Funny

    "Ok, you have us convinced, my pals and I are going home. But on the way, we're going to stop at the local Al-Kmart and do a little shopping, maybe stock up on RPGs and high explosives.

    So have fun in Baghdad. Do some sightseeing. Check out Saddams palaces. And watch your backs, because we're going to be bombing and sniping and kidnapping your asses until hell freezes over. Your pal, an Iraqi soldier."

  10. Impossible! by slcdb · · Score: 4, Funny

    But the US is known for it's evilness and it's desire to kill as many people as possible. It can't possibly be true that they did anything that probably saved countless lives.</sarcasm>

    --
    Despite what EULAs say, most software is sold, not licensed.
  11. Body Bags Don't Win a War. by Stephen+Samuel · · Score: 5, Insightful
    A war is won when the enemy gives in (or decides that you're right).
    A turned enemy is far more valuable than a dead one.

    The war in Iraq will never be won because Bush is focused on kiling the enemy -- and not too worried about killing innocents. Every dead civilian is probably going to create 2-5 enemy insurgents (former friends and family of the dead)... The more people you kill the more enemies you end up with.

    Unless he's willing to just Nuke the country then this is is gonna continue ad-infinitum.

    The interesting thing is that all of those messages probably gave the baath party the idea of going home (with their weapons) and waiting until the US had moved in -- thus leading, in part, to the current dilemma.

    --
    Free Software: Like love, it grows best when given away.
    1. Re:Body Bags Don't Win a War. by jd · · Score: 5, Funny

      The Texas border is unguarded??? You mean more of them Texans might reach Washington DC??? Recall the troops now!!!

      --
      It's a small world and it smells funny; I'd buy another if it wasn't for the money; Take back what I paid (SoM)
    2. Re:Body Bags Don't Win a War. by Goonie · · Score: 4, Informative
      The fact is, historically only TWO strategies have succeeded in ending terrorism: Genocide (Titus) and Surrender (Augustine).

      That's not true. Might I point to the examples of, say the Malayan Emergency, or the reasonably successful Australian-led stabilisation operation in East Timor after their independence referendum (where you had a bunch of Indonesian-supported thugs wreaking havoc). Why did these operations succeed? By most reports, they did a lot better job of keeping the local populace on side.

      --

      Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from a rigged demo
      --Andy Finkel (J. Klass?)
  12. Re:Internet Access by adzoox · · Score: 4, Insightful

    And that's because what the article fails to mention is that the message was SOLELY AIMED at people in charge for intimidation purposes. Few, if any, "soldiers in the Iraqi" army saw the message or were made aware of it.

    The purpose of the mesaage (IMHO) was also to trace a few of these higher ups to see where they were.

    Do you remember the deck of cards? Saddam was the Ace of Spades, etc etc. Well, I'm sure this email was sent to that whole "deck of people" - and I'm sure it served a minute amount to find those people.

    --
    Yell & scream & rant & rave... it's no use... you need a shaaaave ~ Bugs Bunny
  13. script kiddie by MadFarmAnimalz · · Score: 4, Funny

    They e-mailed the iraqi army telling them to give up?

    WTF?

    That just reminds me so much trash-talking other script kiddies back when I discovered things like winnuke and mailbombing.

    HAHA look say I am a stupid bitch NOW or I will *nuke your lame arse! LOL

    Err. I never used those things. Just saying...

    --
    Blearf. Blearf, I say.
  14. Re:That's actually a good thing I guess by Skyshadow · · Score: 5, Insightful
    The concept of communicating directly with the guys out in the field -- the ones who were going to get their asses shot off by a tremendously superior force and knew it -- seems like a fairly well-proven idea. After all, it worked really well in Gulf War I. I have my doubts about how many Iraqi grunts had email, but we'll set those aside for now.

    The truly unfortunate thing in my mind is that it apparently didn't occur to anyone to keep up this communication after the invasion when there was still a chance to win the hearts and minds of Iraqis. Maybe if we had continued to treat Iraqis with the same sort of basic level of respect we wouldn't be in this lovely guerilla warface mess we're faced with now.

    Buy hey, there's always next time, right?

    --
    Every year during my review, I just pray the words "slashdot.org" aren't mentioned.
  15. Re:I can't put much faith in Richard Clarke by BrookHarty · · Score: 5, Insightful

    [snip]if you believe how he tells it, he was involved in every national security crisis in the past 30 years and if it wasn't for him, by golly, we'd all be doomed. He almost single-handedly saves the day every time![/snip]

    Ok, stop bashing on the guy just because he disagreed with Bush and was asked to leave. I see alot of this, if your not with us, your against us posts about people who disagree with Bush.

    This is still America and you can disagree, for now...

    But anyways, Richard Clarke has been around for over 30 years fighting terrorism. I'm sure he has seen a little more than the average slashdot poster, his experience shouldn't be disregarded with such disrespect.

    Check out Wikipeida on Richard Clarke.

  16. Re:Clarke was not a fan of the war on Iraq by Skyshadow · · Score: 4, Insightful
    Richard Clarke may have resigned before the war, but it shouldn't be too surprising that his fingerprints were all over the tactics that ended up being employed -- after all, this is the man who had been deeply involved with "writing the book" on these sort of emerging tactics for quite a while.

    Aside from that, Clarke is a smart guy with some awfully impressive credentials. Regardless of what the GOP Smear Machine(tm) tried to do with him after he dared to testify that Iraq wasn't involved with 9-11, his input should not be disregarded lightly.

    --
    Every year during my review, I just pray the words "slashdot.org" aren't mentioned.
  17. RTFA please by WotanKhan · · Score: 4, Informative
    "Oh yes. One thing I know that the United States did before the war was to use the Internet to communicate directly with Iraqi soldiers and to send personalised messages saying, 'We're about to invade. We're going to overwhelm you and if you resist us we're going to kill you. But we don't want to do that. So really the best thing for you to do when we invade is to go home'. Each senior officer of the Iraqi army got that message and most of them went home."

    (emphasis mine)

  18. Re:No, it was like by andy1307 · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Unfortunately, it's the soldiers who went home who're now shooting at the coalition soldiers.

  19. Re:No, it was like by soft_guy · · Score: 4, Insightful

    The vast majority of Iraqis would like us to just leave - even if it means that we don't spend another dime on reconstruction and there is no western investment in the country. Every single poll I've seen has more than 95% of iraqis wanting this.

    Why should we be there fighting the desires of the Iraqi people? If our goal was to get rid of Sadam, we've already done that, so why stick around?

    Oh, the real reason is so we can steal their oil. And I do mean steal.

    Plus, most iraqis I've heard interviewed prefer Sadaam to the US. They say things like "at least Sadaam was an Iraqi."

    --
    Avoid Missing Ball for High Score
  20. Iraqi inbox by geg81 · · Score: 4, Funny
    $ Mail
    Subject: Achieve powerful e__e_r_ct|ons in seconds
    Subject: Cheap Som@, X(a)n@x, ValX(u)m, Viagr@ Di3t Pills
    Subject: laUnch ur missil ov luv
    Subject: Improves kidney function
    Subject: US gonna kill you dead
    Subject: Anti-aging
    Subject: Dynamite d*ck exploding
    Subject: The Med To Cure Ur Illness
    Subject: S_u_per V|@grg@
    Subject: Give your partner more pleasure
    -- 137 more messages (hit q to stop) --
    I'm sure that really scared them.
  21. I received a similar message last month... by mogrify · · Score: 4, Funny

    Attention leftist activists and intelligentsia! The solidification of our power is imminent. Although you could stay and fight, it would really be much better if you just left. Please accept these Novia Scotia brochures and a complimentary copy of Hockey for Dummies! Remember, if it's not Right, it's Wrong!

    --
    perl -e 'foreach(values %SIG){$_="IGNORE";}while(){}'
  22. Sign 'o' the times by Tim+Doran · · Score: 4, Interesting

    "Clarke, who many will remember for publicly critisizing the Bush administration..."

    It truly is memorable that this official publicly criticized the Bush administration. That's scary. A healthy democracy requires broad criticism and debate about those in power.

    You know what else was memorable? The administration's ferocious character assasination that began as soon as Clarke spoke out.

    Four more years.

  23. Re:No, it was like by prisoner-of-enigma · · Score: 5, Informative

    Every single poll I've seen has more than 95% of iraqis wanting this.

    I'd like to see your source for these polls. This isn't a troll, it's an honest question. You've seen one thing, I've seen something completely different.

    Who am I? Why, I'm a Marine who got back from Iraq not long ago. The folks we met were nice and seemed very thankful we were there, the kids especially. The only place we weren't really welcome was in the Sunni Triangle area which is full of old Saddam loyalists who had everything to lose a nothing to gain with Saddam being kicked out.

    Why should we be there fighting the desires of the Iraqi people?

    Speaking as someone who's been in country and not just reading what CNN/NBC/CBS/ABC is reporting, I find it hard to believe you can ask such a question. The vast majority of the country was tired of being ruled by Saddam and his religious minority. The only way he stayed in power was by intimidation, and the people he intimidated are very happy he's gone. They're doubly happy we're there to prevent his lieutenants from trying to re-establish Ba'athist strongholds and continue his "reign."

    If our goal was to get rid of Sadam, we've already done that, so why stick around?

    See last two sentences in previous paragraph.

    Oh, the real reason is so we can steal their oil. And I do mean steal.

    If there's oil theft going on, it's not coming from the Americans. There aren't lines of Texaco supertankers sitting at port just greedily sucking the country dry all so Bush and Halliburton can make a buck. Iraqi oil is being sold to whoever wants it at market prices, the same as in Saudi, the same as in Russia and South America. If we're stealing their oil, precisely why are we paying for it? That kind of goes against the definition of stealing, don't you think?

    Plus, most iraqis I've heard interviewed prefer Sadaam to the US. They say things like "at least Sadaam was an Iraqi."

    If you did nothing but interview in the Sunni triangle, such reponses would be expected. I'd be shocked if it were otherwise. But outside the Sunni areas it's an entirely different story. You don't hear that story very much because the news organizations are fixated on where the problems are, not where things are going great. Blood and gore sells, but kids going to a newly-opened school don't sell. Roadside bombs boost ratings, but nobody cares whether a water treatment plant or a power plant is back online again. Insurgents shooting RPG's at our Bradley's get lots of airtime, but the kids in the streets giving soldiers and Marines food and water with smiles and thanks gets no screen time at all. You can claim it doesn't happen but I'm willing to bet you haven't been there. I have.

    --
    In the end they will lay their freedom at our feet and say to us, Make us your slaves, but feed us. - Fyodor Dostoyevsky
  24. Thanks by dreamchaser · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Mod me down as off topic, but I'd like to personally thank the parent poster for his service and his lucid post.

  25. Re:The Iraqis planned to retreat by jd · · Score: 4, Insightful
    Historically, that is correct. The Germans had to starve vast numbers of Russians into submission, in areas they occupied, and even then that didn't always work. The "Molotov Cocktail" was a very popular weapon of the Russian resistance forces, because it was so easy to make. German tanks, in the narrow streets, were also very easy targets.

    Nor is this constrained to resistance forces. The evacuation at Dunkirk was probably Britain's finest hour in World War II, because the citizens took it on their own to sail in anything that could move on water, through the German bombers and artillery, to rescue escaping allied troops.

    However, you'll notice something about both of these examples. No side had an overall advantage. In the case of Russia, the Germans used armor heavily, which is not a good tactic in urban warfare. Their tanks were built for high speeds, which is why they did well in Africa (being defeated largely by superior numbers) but that meant defensive capability and tight cornering were not part of the design.

    In the case of Dunkirk, we see a similar situation. The German aircraft were designed to strike fast and run fast. Both the aircraft and artillery were designed to hit big, slow-moving targets. That made them utterly ineffective against something as tiny or as manoeverable as a sailing boat.

    The fact, then, that the opponents in both cases were relatively puny was offset by the limitations of the attackers.

    At Tora Bora, we got to see both sides. When the Afghan troops were used, the defenders had the advantage, because they had superior terrain. When the US carpet-bombed the entire region, though, relatively little escaped. (Carpet-bombing is frowned upon by the International community, precisely because very little tends to survive. You can't exactly aim to miss the guys who are too wounded to fight, have surrendered, etc. This puts it on the no-no side of the rules of engagement. On the other hand, most nations aren't stupid enough to argue the finer points with a country with 20,000 lb. MOABs.)

    In Iraq, we're seeing a similar scenario panning out. Where the US uses Iraqi troops (or their own troops in small numbers), the resistance tends to do quite a bit of damage. However, when the US uses air strikes, missile-armed UAVs, the really heavy tanks (where an RPG just means someone has to go out and re-paint the star on the side) or very large numbers of troops, the US tends to walk right over the opposition.

    Do I think the opposition is likely to last? Probably. There are a few too many "unfortunate incidents" which could push the undecided voters - sorry, undecided Arabs into opposing the US presence. There are some serious allegations that such incidents, far from being the product of "a few bad apples" were actually approved policy. If that pans out, I can imagine that we'll start seeing some serious fireworks.

    Will the resistance defeat the US? Probably not. At least, not directly. It's currently a war of attrition, and the US can afford the current casualty ratio. Now, if the insurgents were to scatter in the desert and wait it out, then re-invade Iraq once the US left, they'd probably win and the US would be unlikely to go back. (Well, provided the oil stayed flowing.)

    The current tactic, though, seems to be geared more to draining the US of the financial resources needed to maintain any presence in the Middle East. That might work. Indirect wars have been fought before. (Napoleon's famous remark of armies marching on their stomach was in reference to the fact that you can destroy an army far more effectively by eliminating the supplies than by direct confrontation.)

    Certainly, the US is heavily in debt, inflation is becoming a problem and consumer confidence is very low. However, the war would have to continue at current levels for several more years to destabilize the US economy enough to cause severe problems. The insurgents would also need t

    --
    It's a small world and it smells funny; I'd buy another if it wasn't for the money; Take back what I paid (SoM)
  26. Re:No, it was like by flyingsquid · · Score: 4, Insightful
    I don't recall any Coalition forces kidnapping people, torturing them and sawing off their heads, so I'm gonna say "yes."

    The coalition, however, has thrown lots of people in jail and tortured some of them, sometimes tortured them to death- which is probably a worse way to go than having your head hacked off, which isn't pretty but at least it's quick. American soldiers have also executed unarmed prisoners.

    I'm not saying that the rather amateur torture exploits of the soldiers at Abu Ghraib compare to the professional job done by Hussein, who institutionalized it, or that the occasional summary execution of an insurgent is comparable to Saddam's mass graves. But when we do imprison, torture, and execute people it sort of reduces our moral superiority argument to "Well, you see, but we don't imprison, torture, and execute people nearly as much as Saddam did," which somehow doesn't exactly fill my heart with patriotic pride. If we really want to convince the world that our intentions are decent, and if we really want to convince the world that we're better than the thugs we took out, there should be zero tolerance of this kind of shit- and the accountability should run to the top of the chain of command, where it belongs.

  27. Re:No, it was like by Rei · · Score: 5, Informative

    Where in Iraq did you serve? What unit? The "Sunni Triangle" contains about 4 million people. And it excludes the equally-if-not-more dangerous Sadr City, of ~3 million people.

    What sort of selection bias did you have? I.e., if you served in the Green Zone, you're not exactly going to be encountering those hostile to you very much, just as diplomats in Saigon didn't exactly find most people there to express hatred to their face. In fact, when the US began evacuating from Vietnam, the helicopters were swarmed with US supporters trying to escape the country.

    > There aren't lines of Texaco supertankers
    > sitting at port

    Read Order 36 by Bremer.

    > I'd be shocked if it were otherwise

    Be shocked.

    http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/5217874/site/newswee k/

    > kids going to a newly-opened school

    http://www.csmonitor.com/2004/0628/p01s02-woiq.h tm

    Lovely school job there.

    > water treatment plant .. is back online again

    You mean, like the one that we opened that was immediately hit by a suicide bomber trying to kill the US troops on site?

    > power plant

    Like how the country's energy is far *lower* than before the war? I can get you graphs if you want. It's especially bad right now.

    In short, you need to quit spinning and look at the numbers. Another number you might be interested in: 98,000

    http://www.economist.com/science/displayStory.cf m? story_id=3352814

    Please discuss the methodology if you wish to complain about it; note that if you find fault in its methodology, you also need to fault pretty much every third world epidemiology study out there.

    --
    The *special* hell.
  28. Re:No, it was like by totatis · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Your post looked interesting until i felt on that :
    being ruled by Saddam and his religious minority
    Saddam was everything you want but a religious dictator. Actually he was hated by other Arab nations because he wasn't religious. Some of his top trusted lieutenant were christians damn it. Ever heard of Tarek Aziz ? He's christian.
    So, I fear you either are making all this "testimony" up or you lack the critical thinking allowing you to understand that only a thin minority of people came to talk to you. And if they came, of course they were friendly, else they wouldn't have come.

    Either you're a troll, or you're way over your head by expanding a few anecdotial encounters to a global view of Iraq. If you think that most iraqis have forgotten the fact that US did back up Saddam, you're a dreamer.

  29. this is bullshit by commodoresloat · · Score: 4, Insightful

    and I've pointed it out before. Define "terrorism" in this context. How you can hold up Titus' genocide against the Jews -- he ordered the complete destruction of Judea -- as an example of stopping terrorism is beyond me. It was an attempt to steal gold and, of course, put down Jewish resistance to the Roman empire. Perhaps the morons modding this crap up every time you post it would stop to think if they knew you were advocating genocide based on an example of the near extermination of Jews that was actually an influence on Hitler's strategy of annihilation during WWII.

  30. Clarke had it RIGHT. by katharsis83 · · Score: 5, Informative

    Richard Clarke made repeated attempts at trying to show Condoleeza Rice and Bush that Al-Qaeda was a major threat; the April 2001 date was one of the times where he brought up the topic with the Bush administration, only to be ignored and brushed aside.

    After the book came out (and I'm not doubting some things were stretched to sell more copies), numerous news agencies asked Condoleeza Rice about whether Richard Clarke had pleaded with the Bush administration; she can't seem to recall any of those NSC meetings - odd considering her position has National Security Adviser to the president.

    See CNN here: http://www.cnn.com/2004/ALLPOLITICS/03/24/911.comm ission/

    Slate has a great op-ed piece too:
    http://slate.msn.com/id/2097685/

    "To an unusual degree, the Bush people can't get their story straight. On the one hand, Condi Rice has said that Bush did almost everything that Clarke recommended he do. On the other hand, Vice President Dick Cheney, appearing on Rush Limbaugh's show, acted as if Clarke were a lowly, eccentric clerk: "He wasn't in the loop, frankly, on a lot of this stuff." This is laughably absurd. Clarke wasn't just in the loop, he was the loop."

    Another great tidbit:
    "The Principals meeting, which Clarke urgently requested during Bush's first week in office, did not take place until one week before 9/11. In his 60 Minutes interview, Clarke spelled out the significance of this delay. He contrasted July 2001 with December 1999, when the Clinton White House got word of an impending al-Qaida attack on Los Angeles International Airport and Principals meetings were called instantly and repeatedly:

    In December '99, every day or every other day, the head of the FBI, the head of the CIA, the Attorney General had to go to the White House and sit in a meeting and report on all the things that they personally had done to stop the al Qaeda attack, so they were going back every night to their departments and shaking the trees personally and finding out all the information. If that had happened in July of 2001, we might have found out in the White House, the Attorney General might have found out that there were al Qaeda operatives in the United States. FBI, at lower levels, knew [but] never told me, never told the highest levels in the FBI. ... We could have caught those guys and then we might have been able to pull that thread and get more of the conspiracy. I'm not saying we could have stopped 9/11, but we could have at least had a chance. "

  31. yes, Character assasination. by commodoresloat · · Score: 4, Insightful

    You didn't even address his character assassination by the Bushistas after his testimony to the 911 Commission. Your comment that he thought "cyberterrorism" was a bigger threat than bin Laden just shows how uninformed you are. Clarke publicly admitted being partially to blame for 911, but his book makes very clear that if anything, people thought he took the OBL threat too seriously prior to 911. And of course the biggest problem is that the Bush Admin stopped listening to him entirely until 911. "Cyberterrorism" was a subset of his concerns, but for him, al Qaeda was the biggest threat America faced since the Cold War, and he made that eminently clear.

  32. Re:No, it was like by BauHound · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Let's say a large military power (China?) decided that OUR (U.S.'s) leader was a dangerous crazy with access to WMDs. They invade, depose and occupy for a period of time. Would YOU sit by and wave to the invading troops, bringing them hot Starbuck's and wishing them well, satisfied they were only here for YOUR benefit? I wouldn't. I might even decide to be a giant pain in their ass.

    --
    I like my women like I like my coffee. In a burlap bag tied to a donkey.
  33. Re:No, it was like by prisoner-of-enigma · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Selection bias. The Iraqis that don't want you or any other foreign military presence in their country will not walk up to you and tell you that. You might shoot them.

    I could claim the same with the news media, and if you were thinking on this objectively you'd have figured that out yourself. As I said, with the news guys, if it bleeds, it leads. Nobody gives a damn what good stuff is going on, they want to show you the bodies, the beheadings, and the smoldering car bombs. No wonder everybody over here thinks the place is a mess, you've been fed nothing but a steady diet of bad news.

    --
    In the end they will lay their freedom at our feet and say to us, Make us your slaves, but feed us. - Fyodor Dostoyevsky
  34. Re:No, it was like by soft_guy · · Score: 4, Insightful

    If there's oil theft going on, it's not coming from the Americans. There aren't lines of Texaco supertankers sitting at port just greedily sucking the country dry all so Bush and Halliburton can make a buck. Iraqi oil is being sold to whoever wants it at market prices

    With the profits going where?

    The news reports I've heard say that the profits will go to the US to pay for the cost of occupying the country. Sounds like theft to me!

    --
    Avoid Missing Ball for High Score
  35. Re:More power is being generated than before the w by Rei · · Score: 4, Informative

    Deceptive. Not surprising, coming from USAID. Here's a running graph from the CPA:

    http://www.iraqcoalition.org/ES/consolidated/Apr 9. pdf

    It goes up to the last day that they made CPA graphs like this (April 9th).

    Furthermore, the "prewar" numbers don't mention that this is discussing "immediately before we invaded". Before we flattened Iraq's power infrastructure in the first gulf war, they produced 9500 MW. On Thursday, Iraq's acting minister of Electricity stated that current electricity production ranges between 3,600 and 4,000 MW:

    http://newstandardnews.net/content/?action=show_ it em&itemid=345

    It's particularly bad right now because several oil installations have been hit, both power and gasoline are in short supply.

    --
    The *special* hell.