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No Hand Counting of Electronic Votes

In the Washington state gubernatorial election, the hand recount has begun, and Snohomish County -- which had nearly 100K votes cast on Sequoia electronic voting machines -- won't have to print up and count them all by hand, as had been previously thought by county officials. Instead, they will print up the totals from each of the 937 machines, and compare those to the grand total. (The statewide hand recount is expected to complete before Christmas, modulo court challenges.)

56 comments

  1. That wouldn't matter anyway by b00m3rang · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Unless the printouts were done as each voter voted, there's no accountability. Of course printing out the total from the machine is going to give you the same total that the machine gave you.

    There is no way to recount the electronic "votes"

  2. What!? by krymsin01 · · Score: 4, Insightful
    Instead, they will print up the totals from each of the 937 machines, and compare those to the grand total.
    Uh, and how does that help out? Maybe I'm being dense, but that doesn't seem like it'll diagnose any kind of problem that would matter...
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    stuff
    1. Re:What!? by KDan · · Score: 2, Funny

      But it will save so much time! Think about it (but don't think too hard, you might hurt yourself) - no hand recount needed!

      Daniel

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      Carpe Diem
    2. Re:What!? by MarkGriz · · Score: 1

      Uh, and how does that help out? Maybe I'm being dense, but that doesn't seem like it'll diagnose any kind of problem that would matter..

      1. It doesn't
      2. Not dense at all (see the Insightful mod)
      3. It won't

      -and sorry, but I can't resist-

      4. You must be new here

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      Beauty is in the eye of the beerholder.
    3. Re:What!? by tbannist · · Score: 1

      I only helps a little. I don't think the machines actually store individual vote records, so printing the totals is the best they can do (printing individual receipts now, would just waste money, time and paper because it would just print them according to the totals). However, by printing each individual total, they can now check that the accumulator software works correctly by adding the totals by hand. They should come out to the same total that the accumulator software gave them. You think that stuff would be bulletproof but Florida and Ohio have shown that no, the accumulator software can't be trusted to add the numbers up.

      It's not much, but it is better than nothing.

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      Fanatically anti-fanatical
    4. Re:What!? by pudge · · Score: 1

      If the totals don't match, then there's obviously a problem, and they can investigate further.

    5. Re:What!? by Sylver+Dragon · · Score: 1

      It won't matter whichever way they do it. The machine will have stored the votes the way it was programmed to store them (whether that was correct or not is open to debate). It's not going to make much of a difference if they print out each ballot and hand count them, or if they just let the computer give them an aggregate, the totals would be the same. This does assume that there is not some huge blunder in the adding process in the machine, but I don't think that is too much to expect. Where the real problem would be is if the program which counts the votes is broken/rigged and just looking at what the system stored won't tell you much about that. What should be done is every voting machine should be siezed, and have many, many tests run through it to verify that it is storing the data correctly. e.g. Use a known set of data, cast said data as votes in the machine, and check the records in the machine against the known data. If there is any variation, the people responsible should be found, and impaled in front of the White House to serve as a warning to anyone else who would consider vote rigging.
      The people who cast the votes decide nothing, the people who count the votes decide everything.
      --Paraphrasing Joseph Stalin

      --
      Necessity is the mother of invention.
      Laziness is the father.
    6. Re:What!? by Doc+Ruby · · Score: 1

      False negatives: without counting the actual ballots, if the totals do match, does that mean that there isn't a problem?

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    7. Re:What!? by pudge · · Score: 1

      What actual ballots? They do not exist. This is the inherent problem with a lack of a paper trail. That's the problem. If they had actual ballots to count, they would do that.

      Presumably -- and all evidence I've seen points this direction -- the totals each machine prints up would be identical to the number of "ballots" for each candidate the machines would print up, if done individually.

      The idea is simply that printing and adding the votes by hand would be a. a waste of time, b. a waste of money, and c. less accurate than printing up the totals of each machine, which would be the exact same count.

    8. Re:What!? by Doc+Ruby · · Score: 1

      Thanks for clarifying - it was too easy to infer, inaccurately, that the only problem you identified in this farce was the possibility that electronic totals could mismatch.

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      make install -not war

    9. Re:What!? by pudge · · Score: 1

      Yeah, sorry, you're right. I was trying to be brief and build on previous articles and shared knowledge ... I only meant to imply that hand recounting is a waste of time given the current state of lack of a real paper trail.

    10. Re:What!? by sckienle · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Actually, this is exactly the process of recounting votes in the old pull the lever machines. They did not keep individual votes either. The recount was to make sure the process of tallying the votes "up stream" from the machines was correct; or really to check the math and communications of the humans doing the sums based on the reported numbers called into the election offices. The difference between then and now is that our parents trusted those machines, and we here on /. don't trust the electronic versions.

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      I don't see things in black and white; I see the gray. Heck, I actually see in color, which makes things more difficult
    11. Re:What!? by wmspringer · · Score: 1

      Easier to hack the one machine that counts up all the votes than a significant number of the 937 machines that record the votes?

      Of course, we could have had open-source voting machines made by a reputable company, but no...

    12. Re:What!? by Shakrai · · Score: 2, Informative

      Actually, this is exactly the process of recounting votes in the old pull the lever machines

      The difference between then and now is that our parents trusted those machines, and we here on /. don't trust the electronic versions.

      Except it's a lot harder for somebody to tamper with a mechanical machine that relies on mechanical rollers then it is for somebody to tamper with two lousy lines of code (out of a needlessly bloated program that probably has hundreds of thousands if not millions of lines) to tamper with the election results.

      The setup on those lever machines are triple-checked by members of both major parties in a transparent process that is open to members of the public before they are used on election day. They are then sealed against tampering through a combination of locks, protective counters, one-time seals and other means before being transported to the polling places. Once there they can only be unlocked by elections inspectors -- at the end of the day these inspectors (two from each major party at each polling place) reseal the machines against tampering -- again with a wide open process that can be witnessed by anybody from the public, media or any major/minor political party who wishes to observe.

      Compare that to an electronic voting machine where we are essentially trusting a private company who probably has an interest in the outcome of the election -- or in a less sinister motive (yet ultimately still as bad for our Republic) underpaid/undereducated programmers with deadlines to meet who probably cut corners all over the place.

      I know of what I speak -- I am a certified Elections Inspector with the State of New York. I'll take the lever machines over electronic voting any day of the week. If we can't have pen and paper they are the next best solution as far as integrity goes.

      --
      I want peace on earth and goodwill toward man.
      We are the United States Government! We don't do that sort of thing.
  3. Nice and ironic by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    Related Topics: Compare prices on Republicans

    1. Re:Nice and ironic by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      In Soviet Russia, YOU buy REPUBLICANS!

    2. Re:Nice and ironic by OAB_X · · Score: 0

      And foreign governments too!

  4. It does matter. by TheLink · · Score: 2, Insightful

    It's just a matter of how stupid/apathetic they think the voters are.

    Hypothetical scenarios:
    If the voters are stupid, then they'd print everything out and do a full manual recount.

    If they are very stupid, then they'd do this.

    If they are completely stupid, there wouldn't be a recount.

    The end objective is to convince the voters that everything is fine and they can resume their normal programming.

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    1. Re:It does matter. by b00m3rang · · Score: 2

      Sure, but there's nothing to recount that's worth recounting in the case of the elctronic votes. The votes were cast electronically, tallied electronically, and stored electronically. If the votes are inaccurate or have been tampered with, the damage has already been done to the data set. Unless there was a printout made after each voter voted, verified by the voter that the paper version matches their electronic vote, then there is no way to recount them.

    2. Re:It does matter. by TheLink · · Score: 1

      D'oh! You missed my point completely.

      They think the voters are too stupid (or apathetic) to realize it is technically pointless[1].

      The method of recount they picked is just a matter of _how_ stupid/apathetic they think the voters are.

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    3. Re:It does matter. by b00m3rang · · Score: 1

      Gotcha, and sadly you're right.

      I had to cringe when the lady at the polling place said, "This machine is not connected to the Internet, and there's no modem, so there's no hacking at all. When the first voter came in, I printed out a zero tally tape and showed it to the voter to make sure there were no votes already in the machine."

      First of all, why should I trust her that she actually did this zeroing out of the machine... on her word? And second, how do I trust that the first voter actually /did/ read all zeros? Oh right, because she told me so.

      There's no end to the possibilities of vote tampering when there's no paper trail, and no shortage of people who either don't understand or couldn't care less.

  5. who's your target audience by St.+Arbirix · · Score: 0, Offtopic

    ...modulo court challenges.)

    2/3 of Slashdot just had their eyes glaze over at the sight of weird computer speak.

    The other 1/3 is still trying to figure out what the result of that function would be. Is it a function? What were the parameters again? Dammit.

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    Direct away from face when opening.
    1. Re:who's your target audience by Subjective · · Score: 1

      Technically, the expression is:
      (real time to recount) = (estimated time to recount) in base (court challanges)
      Which means:
      (estimated time to count).
      (court challange).
      (esitmated time to count).
      (court challange).
      .
      .
      .
      so on until (court challanges) is reached.
      Thus the base transfer is complete.
      The result is (court challanges)*((time to count)+(time to challange))

      There, was that confusing enough? I rewrote it twice.

      (of course, if this is a simple division moduli, the result is anywhere between 0 and (court challanges)-1. I can't see how such an expression is relevant to the topic)

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      My other .sig is also this bad
    2. Re:who's your target audience by St.+Arbirix · · Score: 1

      Ha, I got modded offtopic, but look at the fun that's resulted!

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      Direct away from face when opening.
    3. Re:who's your target audience by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "modulo" isn't actually computer-speak, per se. It's math-speak. The usage in the mathematical (and therefore computer science) context goes back to Gauss in 1801.

  6. No Hand Counting of Electronic Votes by OAB_X · · Score: 0

    No Hand Counting of Electronic Votes

    I never knew you couldn't count electronic votes by hand. Especially considering there is nothing to hold in the first place.

    1. Re:No Hand Counting of Electronic Votes by krymsin01 · · Score: 3, Funny

      Your hands would have to be very small, and electromagnetic...

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      stuff
  7. Does make sense though by mike_lynn · · Score: 1

    Unless all of the machines are just the equivalent to dummy terminals of some larger machine, each one kept a separate tally that had to be added up for the county.

    They're just double-checking to see if the end total is correct.

    1. Re:Does make sense though by b00m3rang · · Score: 1

      Yeah, but that doesn't really do anything to exclude vote tampering or inacurate vote count on each indiviidual machine.

  8. Every recount must be done by 12/13 to matter by Artifex · · Score: 1, Interesting

    We're down to the wire on having any recounts affect any electoral college votes.
    They all meet on December 13th to discuss and submit sealed votes.

    That's Monday...

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    Get off my launchpad!
    1. Re:Every recount must be done by 12/13 to matter by RobertB-DC · · Score: 2

      We're down to the wire on having any recounts affect any electoral college votes.
      They all meet on December 13th to discuss and submit sealed votes.


      But we're not talking about the Presidential election, not in this state at least. Washington state's gov race could go on for years, AFAIK.

      Ohio, on the other hand, is another story entirely. And even if the electors pick Massa Dubya on Monday, the results must still be certified by Congress on January 6, 2005. If the Green/Libertarian recount push discovers that Ohio could have swung the other way, Congress will be forced to intervene -- and if they choose to go with the tainted results, Bush will have the distinction of having both his terms clouded by disputed election results.

      I've contributed to the recount fund. I hope everyone here does as well.

      --
      Stressed? Me? Of course not. Stress is what a rubber band feels before it breaks, silly.
    2. Re:Every recount must be done by 12/13 to matter by rowanxmas · · Score: 1

      This is only about the Governor race, since Kerry already won WA. Yeah Canada-Land! Boo Jesus-Land!

  9. If they actually were looking for a problem by Unknown+Poltroon · · Score: 2, Insightful

    woudnt it make sense to pick 10 machines at random(or something), and then do a hand count for each machine, and compare that to the electronic total? If they all match, than youre probably ok. THis is just stupid.

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    1. Re:If they actually were looking for a problem by mothlos · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Um, no. What you are suggesting is a sampling method to find a significant degree of error. Unfortunately all sampling methods have a known margin of error associated with them. When you see results from most political polling you will have about a 4% margin of error and a 95% reliability. Meaning 19 out of 20 times the actual result will be within 4% of whatever they said it was, plus or minus.

      The problem with this particular case is that the margin of victory is absolutely tiny (42 out of about 2.8 million or 0.0015%. Statistically to ensure that you are even 95% certain of a margin of error smaller than that would require counting almost all the votes anyhow.

      Should they be comparing to the machine results? I think they should.

      Should they be using ballots which have a very low degree of deterioration during recounts(and this is not covered in the Help America Vote Act by the way)? Definately.

      Here, however, we are learning that people who voted on electronic voting machines don't even get the democratic benefit of a hand recount. Is this to say that somehow electronic voting machines aren't subject to error? How can that error be quantified if there is no voter verified paper trail? I smell a tasty lawsuit coming which will provide lots of fun for /. in the future.

    2. Re:If they actually were looking for a problem by 91degrees · · Score: 1

      I don't see why this would cause a problem. I don't think you understand what the other poster suggested.

      It's not a sample we want. We're not after statistical estimate. All we want to do is confirm that it's fairly unlikely that any of the machines gave the wrong count.

      We assume that anyone who wanted to rig the election by using faulty machines would rig more than one machine. If there are 100 machines, and 10 of them are rigged, then rigourously testing 10 of them, bu comparing the actual count with the reported count will give (I think. It's been several years since I did stats) roughly a 70% chance of hitting a compromised machine. Enough to deter fraud for later elections, and offering reasoanble security.

    3. Re:If they actually were looking for a problem by mothlos · · Score: 1
      I think you misunderstand what I said because you basically made my argument yourself, though you came to different conclusions.

      It's not a sample we want. We're not after statistical estimate.

      Um, only testing some of the machines to draw conclusions about all of them is using a sample (10 machines out of however many there are) and the results would be a statistical estimate of the performance of the rest of the machines.

      roughly a 70% chance of hitting a compromised machine. Enough to deter fraud for later elections, and offering reasoanble security.

      We aren't talking about preventing fraud in the future, we are talking about verifying the tally of the votes cast. The Dems in Washington aren't saying that any of the machines were rigged, but what they are saying is that if one machine in one district has an error that caused it to mis-count 25 votes for the Republican candidate instead of her, then the election could be reversed. It is important in an election for the electorate to be confident in the results and it is a widely held belief that a hand recount can discover anomalies is counting better than a machine recount (just saying it is widely held, not that it is neccessarily correct). When an election of this size is this close, it is important that the accuracy of counting be extraordinary.

      Am I saying that machines shouldn't be verified as well? No. I am saying that sampling machines is not a meaningful way to do it because even if you had confidence that 99.9% of machines counted correctly, it is well within the means of just a single machine to change the result of the election.

    4. Re:If they actually were looking for a problem by 91degrees · · Score: 1

      In that case, you're measuring the wrong value.

      We don't want to be 100% confident that 99.9985% of the machines are working. We want to be reasonbly confident that 100% of the machines are working correctly. If one of them is out by a single vote, then the whole count is invalid and needs to be recounted in full. It's not like we're recording approximate values. A count of votes is an integer count of discrete values. 100% accuracy is a requirement.

      If any one of the machines is faulty (i.e. gets the count wrong by 1 or more votes), then it's highly likely that all of the machines are faulty. Testing a sample will reveal this.

    5. Re:If they actually were looking for a problem by mothlos · · Score: 1
      If any one of the machines is faulty (i.e. gets the count wrong by 1 or more votes), then it's highly likely that all of the machines are faulty. Testing a sample will reveal this.

      Perhaps if it is a problem of design then all of them will be faulty. If it is a problem of equipment failure it could easily be isolated to a single machine.

      If one of them is out by a single vote, then the whole count is invalid and needs to be recounted in full.

      Exactly my point. A system of sampling cannot exclude the possibility that a single machine miscounted a single vote with 100% certainty. You MUST verify ALL votes and ALL machines. Do you want to say that you are 70%, 90%, 95% certain that all machines counted all of the votes correctly? That might be acceptible in some circumstances, but when the margin is this small, it is unreasonable.

    6. Re:If they actually were looking for a problem by 91degrees · · Score: 1

      Exactly my point. A system of sampling cannot exclude the possibility that a single machine miscounted a single vote with 100% certainty. You MUST verify ALL votes and ALL machines.

      In which case, the closeness of the election has very little bearing. Even if the winner by 10% you'd need to check most of the machines to get that level of certainty.

  10. what a farce by kayen_telva · · Score: 1

    so it isnt really a hand recount then, right ?

  11. Hrmm by dabug911 · · Score: 1

    Not true, in nevada our electronic machines print out a paper reciept that they keep, so they could print out those results for proof. Not sure how many other places have this in place.

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    1. Re:Hrmm by Sylver+Dragon · · Score: 1

      San Bernardino County, CA did all electronic voting AFAIK. At least that's what it said in the booklet. The ones in my polling place did not print a voter verifiable paper trail, so I would have know way of knowing who my vote went to. I refused to use the machine and voted on a paper ballot, so at least my vote was more likely to be counted for whom I voted. Until all of the voting machines provide such a paper trail, I usually recommend to people that they insist on a paper ballot. It's not that I expect any vote tampering, but why make it easy?

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      Necessity is the mother of invention.
      Laziness is the father.
  12. You're not being dense by roystgnr · · Score: 2, Informative

    Because they've made recounting the votes impossible (the "vote" is whatever the voter got to look at, which for most electronic voting machines is an ephemeral pattern of lights on a screen), they're recounting electronic copies of the votes instead - the honest people are just hoping the copies match the originals and the dishonest ones are hoping nobody calls them on the distinction.

  13. Forget voting machines and numbers they generate by SgtChaireBourne · · Score: 0
    Forget the "voting" machines and any numbers they generate. Recounts can't be done without ballots.

    Discussions about paper trails, auditing and such are for future elections. Only votes (not necessarily ballots) which have an origin which can be proven should be accepted. All others should be discarded. Without being able to prove the provenance of the "votes" it cannot proven that there was no monkey business. That's a lot of what having an open and fair election is about - proving there was no monkey business.

    There are visible discrepancies between exit polls and poll results indicate that something is amiss and should be investigated.

    Among several probelms, there seems to be a correlation between use of voting machines and skewed poll results as show by several investigations, including the Berkeley report. (Of interest for future reference, other analysis suggests a correlation between red counties and ClearChannel market dominance). Furthermore, the last few years of use have shown that the technology and methods used by the electronic voting machine companies that this little or no chance of preventing tampering nor of directly detecting tampering due to inherently badly designed systems. This was known prior to the election.

    Such serious things should not be given the benefit of the doubt. The electoral college should overturn these irreproducable results and hold a second, paper-only election. It would have been both faster and cheaper to count them by hand like in Canada. Don't let it get so bad that it gets resolved by another civil war.

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  14. Well... by abb3w · · Score: 1
    Maybe I'm being dense, but that doesn't seem like it'll diagnose any kind of problem that would matter...

    Well, if the machine gives a substantially different total than before, you've definitely got a problem that would matter! Using this a test for vote tampering is likely to have a very high false negative rate, but a very low false positve. Not massively useful, but not completely useless.

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    //Information does not want to be free; it wants to breed.
  15. But, there's NOTHING to recount! by b00m3rang · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Let's say a person votes for candidate A, their screen shows candidate A, and the vote is recorded for candidate B. EVERY TIME you "recount" that machine, it's going to give you the wrong vote. Unless there's a printout that the voter can verify, and then place into a ballot box, ther IS NO REAL RECOUNT.

    1. Re:But, there's NOTHING to recount! by 91degrees · · Score: 1

      I'm assuming there's some sort of actual countable paper trail. It would be foolish not to have one ;)

      Sorry. I hadn't read the article. Yup, it looks like they've been really stupid here. Still, it would make sense to print hard copies from at least one of the machines to be sure it actually gets its own count correct. It won't guarentee it has recorded the vote correctly, but some of these machines are so bad that it's worth checking it got the count right.

  16. That's the way it should be! by b00m3rang · · Score: 1

    If every state had those machines, then I would not have a problem with electronic voting. Our machines in Orange County, CA do not have a paper receipt, so I for one voted on paper. Unfortunately, most people don't understand the issue enough to demand paper.

  17. having lived in Snohomish County by UpsideUp · · Score: 1

    having lived in Snohomish County, my view point:
    The Electronic voting machines, were terminals and each machine output a smart card and I turned in the smart card to the poll worker. You could take the record on the card and compare it to the record in the machine. But truly, then the issue becomes the integrity of the system, and I am a lot more concerned with Mail-in ballots and forgeries than i am with e-voting systems.

    1. Re:having lived in Snohomish County by NekoIncardine · · Score: 1

      I honestly have to agree that mail-in votes and the infamous "Dead people voting" issue need to be worked on, and fraud weeded out far more closely - as near as I can tell, e-voting is reasonably effective and most of the hiccups have been caught and corrected. However, without clear looks at the source code of such machinery, there is no reliable way to know. Thus the calls for open-source vote-counting technology.

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      Omeg La. Rofl Leh.
  18. trust machines by Doc+Ruby · · Score: 1

    Because the trustworthyness of the machines which collect the votes and subtotal them is beyond doubt, right? What if they're really just KILLER ROBOTS FROM THE FUTURE?

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    1. Re:trust machines by BushIsEvil · · Score: 1

      Yes well doc, you and I both know that George W. Bush has not captured Osama bin Laden so that the Jews could kill Michael Moore.

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      George Bush Banned my IP Address!
    2. Re:trust machines by Doc+Ruby · · Score: 1

      Which Jews? I haven't heard this demented anti-semite fantasy before. If you're making it up, keep it to yourself.

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  19. score one for confusion by Doc+Ruby · · Score: 1

    I note that pudge believes that "sanity" has scored one here, by not actually recounting the ballots, but jumping in somewhere arbitrarily in the counting chain that makes sense only as an artifact of the counting product, not the actions of voters. Who's keeping this score, pudge? Can anyone see the tally, or just people inside the party?

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  20. The only way we can secure it in theory by ShatteredDream · · Score: 1

    Have a national biometrics database connected to your SSN, name, etc.

    Require every voter to submit to a comprehensive biometrics exam and tag their vote with the data. Second, anyone who accesses the system to have any interaction with the results whatsoever has to submit to a biometrics scan that gets their DNA, finger prints and retina scan as well as name and all that. Do not allow mass deletion of any data without at least five third parties and the press observing the action and recording it for public record. Finally, only allow mass deletion of data from the vote database after the election is over.

    The only way that voter fraud is going to be majorly cracked down on without draconian measures is to eliminate entirely voter anonymity and to arrest anyone caught try to allow it to happen. Too often voter fraud gets pushed under the rug because politicians are afraid of shrill, reactionary activists screaming "disenfranchisement." Who who would have thought that the Democrats represent the dead or the Republicans the democratic voters who are Republicans in their heart (a la this current debacle)?

    One could easily argue that mass voter fraud should be legally regarded as coup d'etat, not a low-level, insignificant crime. Seriously, voter fraud should be one of our most severe crimes once it reaches a certain level. It is attempting to overthrow an elected government by means other than armed thugs entering the parliament/congress and declaring an end to democratic government.