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Top 10 Scientific Advances of 2004

TarrVetus writes "Science Magazine's The Top Ten Science Breakthroughs of 2004 have been announced. The winner: The NASA Rovers and their evidence of water on Mars. The runner up was the Hobbit species found in Indonesia. Other breakthroughs include cloned human embryos and the first discovered pulsar pair."

26 of 381 comments (clear)

  1. What about the Beagle? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    Largest man-created crater on the surface of Mars? That's got to count for something!

    1. Re:What about the Beagle? by jeremyp · · Score: 3, Funny

      Yay!

      We Brits get there first again. Your American Rovers have failed to do anything more spectacular than create a few wheel tracks in spite of being there for months and months.

      --
      All I want is a secure system where it's easy to do anything I want. Is that too much to ask ~~ Randall Munroe
  2. what about SpaceshipOne? by hsmith · · Score: 5, Insightful

    I consider that a pretty awesome feat as i assume many others do

    1. Re:what about SpaceshipOne? by arkanes · · Score: 5, Insightful

      An impressive engineering, technical, and economic feat, but not one that really impacts science. It's not about the coolest applications of science, but rather about the coolest discoveries in science.

  3. How many get debunked later? by JossiRossi · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Just as a generic curiosity. I wonder how many winners of the past eventually turned out to be false or incorreect? Cause the Hobbits are still debated (although it's not some big controversy). Just to put "breakthroughs" in perspective, because some breakthroughs just lead to empty mineshafts, not gold.

    --
    Just a boy doing unproffesional IT work that's way above his head.
  4. Re:Illegality by stupidfoo · · Score: 4, Informative

    Your ignorance is interesting.

    It's not illegal. You just won't get federal funding.

  5. Re:Illegality by stupidfoo · · Score: 4, Informative
  6. Award should go to creation scientists by Nine+Tenths+of+The+W · · Score: 5, Funny

    For discovering that all previous science and history is false and the world is in fact a giant ant farm created 6000 years ago by a cloud dwelling egomaniac

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    Slashdot: News for Nerds, Stuff that matters only to them
  7. Just in case the site gets slashdotted by nizo · · Score: 4, Funny
    Here is the list:

    1. NASA rover finds water on Mars
    2. Hobbits discovered in Indonesia, still searching for the one ring
    3. Human embryos cloned
    4. First pulsar pair discovered
    5. Atkins diet proved sound
    6. Turmeric found to be highly protective against many forms of cancer
    7. Study shows eating chlorophyll will really oxygenate your blood
    8. Elusive Batboy located
    9. Discovery of hair-straightening treatment that causes water molucules to shrink
    10. New condom developed that contains benzocaine to prolong the sex act
  8. what about the remaining days in 04? by Dreadlord · · Score: 4, Funny

    If you have a scientific breakthrough, please wait till the next year to announce it, otherwise you won't make it the top 10 list.

    --
    The IT section color scheme sucks.
  9. No Exoplanet Picture? by LithiumX · · Score: 4, Insightful

    We have the first actual picture of a planet orbiting another star... not inferential data, not radio info, but optical (not sure about wavelength, but that's irrelevant).

    And it's not even on the list? The still questionable "discovery" of a wet Martian past makes the top of the list, but a deffinitive leap of scientific discovery (ie a fuzzy and blurred but very real picture of an extrasolar planet) doesn't even receive mention on the list (even if the article was kind enough to mention it)?

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  10. Re:already /.ed? by Vicsun · · Score: 4, Funny

    BBC have more bandwidth than God. Slashdot is more likely to get BBCed than BBC is to get slashdotted. =)

  11. Great, more units... by FooAtWFU · · Score: 3, Funny
    From the pulsar article:
    "Pulsars are intriguing and puzzling objects. They pack as much mass as the Sun crammed into an object with a cross-sectional area about as large as Boston,"
    Now, I'm originally from Philadelphia, so using its area as a unit doesn't particularly faze me... but the size of Boston? Come on! That's not even properly polysyllabic!
    --
    The World Wide Web is dying. Soon, we shall have only the Internet.
  12. Scientific errors by The_Mystic_For_Real · · Score: 4, Insightful
    The fact it can be done begins to move us away from some of the mysteries surrounding human beings; things like the existence of a soul, which frankly is pure imagination

    I don't happen to believe in the soul as it appears in most religions, but I fail to see how a successful cloning experiment completely disproves the idea that helps countless millions cope with their lives. Statements like these hurt the image of the scientific community in the eyes of the public, i.e. the people the science is supposedly trying to improve the lives of.

    If he had really disproven the soul or God (which is impossible to to the vague nature of their descriptions) then he should by all means spread this proof, but since he hasn't, then he should just STFU.

    He is making scientific conclusions based on his faith that the soul is not real. That's just stupid.

    --

    _____

    Thank you.

  13. Re:Illegality by mordors9 · · Score: 3, Informative

    In the United Nations a measure was considered to address human cloning. That measure was not taken up and has been postponed until next year. The following countries wanted to take up the issue and are assumed to be against human cloning: Against: Albania, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Austria, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Burundi, Central African Republic, Chile, Costa Rica, Democratic Republic of Congo, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gambia, Georgia, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kyrgyzstan, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Malta, Marshall Islands, Micronesia (the Federated States of), Nauru, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Spain, Suriname, Tajikistan, Timor-Leste, Trinidad and Tobago, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, United States of America, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela and Zambia.

  14. Discrediting mention of junk DNA by lukesl · · Score: 5, Insightful

    As a biologist, I have to say that I'm incredibly disappointed by the inclusion of "junk" DNA in the list. I don't know what specific research results they're referring to when they say there's a breakthrough there, but the entire concept of "junk" DNA is absurd. I've never met a single molecular biologist who believed that non-coding regions were unimportant, and in fact it's been known for at least forty years that non-coding regions are important in regulation of gene expression. Maybe what bothers me most is the term "junk" DNA, which I've never actually heard another scientist use. It's a fictitious concept perpetuated by science writers so that they can feign surprise every time someone can attribute a function to a non-coding piece of DNA (and claim that the scientific community was surprised as well).

    All that aside, I'm sure there are big breakthroughs in our understanding of the role of non-coding regions, and it probably deserves to be mentioned. However, one important point to make is that in spite of all this, there ARE parts of the genome that are unquestionably useless evolutionary vestiges. This is not necessarily mysterious, but it is interesting (for example, providing what is in my mind the most convincing evidence of evolution).

    1. Re:Discrediting mention of junk DNA by myc · · Score: 4, Informative

      Here is a reference from the primary literature:

      Nobrega et al. Science 302:413- (2003).

      Nobrega et al. made 2 knockout mice, deleting 2 Mb and 1 Mb (Mb= 10e6 basepairs of DNA) regions, respectively, of the genome called "deserts", i.e., gene poor regions that nonetheless are highly conserved between humans and mice, but not humans and fish. The authors believed that since this sequence was conserved, it must not be junk, and therefore likely contains cis-acting regulatory sequences that important for gene regulation. When these regions were deleted, however, the mice developed normally and had no apparent defects or pathologies. In other words, what was once thought to be junk, then thought to not be junk, turns out to be junk again (sounds like a Fark cliche).

      Here is another link that is informative. One possibility that is mentioned in this blurb is that the knockout mice are just defective in a non-obvious way.

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  15. Prof. Higgins by BCGlorfindel · · Score: 3, Insightful

    But Professor Higgins also sees philosophical implications in the work... Science is about trying to understand where we come from, what our purpose is.

    Religion is about trying to understand what our purpose is. Anyone claiming science is for said purpose has merely made a religion for themselves out of science. Science is the accumulation of information using the scientific method. Repeat after me, science is in no way meant to be a search for our purpose as humans. Class dismissed. ;)

    1. Re:Prof. Higgins by abigor · · Score: 4, Insightful

      You are making the assumption that we have a purpose. There is no evidence indicating that might be the case, and in fact it is not at all necessary.

  16. Re:Hobbits? by wronski · · Score: 5, Interesting
    "If I remember correctly, the finding of the new Hobbit species was discredited as a "dwarf" mutant of a long-discovered human ancestor. Was this discrediting discredited itself?"

    Most paleontologist believe this is a new species. The bones (they aren't even fossilised!) were found by an Australian/Indonesian team that was originaly lookng for evidence of the people who first colonized Australia. Apparently a bigshot Indonesian paleontologist got pissed of by being left out (some scientific bigshots expect to get their names papers without having to actually do any work), and then...

    One of Indonesia's leading palaeontologists, Professor Teuku Jacob of Gadjah Mada University in Jakarta, has grabbed the hobbit remains and locked them away in his safe, refusing to let other scientists study them.

    In addition, he rejected the widespread view that the hobbits are a separate human species, claiming they are a pygmy form of modern humans who suffered microcephaly, a disorder that produces a small brain.

    The Australian scientists who dug up the bones of the hobbits, officially dubbed Homo floresiensis, have pleaded with Professor Jacob to return the bones as they may contain vital DNA clues as to their exact ancestry. The seven skeletons were found last year in a cave on the Indonesian island of Flores by an Australian and Indonesian team.
  17. Re:Metaphysics by maxwell+demon · · Score: 4, Insightful
    There is no consciousness. All is reaction nuclear, chemical, quantum or beneath quantum. All actions, all events. All.

    The second sentence doesn't imply the first. It's as if you said: "There is no music. There are only density waves in the air."
    --
    The Tao of math: The numbers you can count are not the real numbers.
  18. 1st physical evidence for string theory by thievery1017 · · Score: 5, Informative

    ... seems to blow all that other crap away, even if the news was released in december. evidence of water once being on mars is big... but hardly surprising enough to rank at #1.

  19. Re:Cloning / Souls by superdude72 · · Score: 3, Funny

    Finally, the final nail in the coffin of God! This'll shut those Christians up for sure.

  20. Mars Water = Hype? by smug_lisp_weenie · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Ok, so the rover found that there were some funny-looking spherules in a crater on Mars. Maybe those spherules could be created if there had been water a long time ago... So it might be possible that a long time ago there might have been some puddles of water on Mars... This means that it might be possible that there is liquid water around on other planets outside of earth... Water is considered an important ingredient of life, although there is no reason to know that you couldn't have life without water, and even if water is needed, you need many, many more things to be just so for life to form besides a bit of water... Is it just me, or isn't this pretty damn underwhelming compared to the progress we've had in other sciences in the last decade? (human genome, internet, stem cells, etc.)

    Why do I always get the feeling that the scientists who get to decide that "major" advances such as Mars water have a personal interest in generating PR for their field?

    I agree that research in space is pretty neat and all and is worth doing, but couldn't we all agree that the discoveries recently at NASA have been pretty disappointing, even if they are valuable for some esoteric research fields?

    ...and how come when the whole "life on Mars" thing happened a few years back, the NASA researchers were all parading in front of TV cameras when they found some interesting "formations" on a mars rock found in a meteor, but then when those formation were found to be somewhat suspect, they were all mum about it... so all that the public saw about doubts of their hyped findings was a small article in the back of Scientific American? Are the NASA researchers really doing good science here?

    ...just to be clear, I'll gladly admit my ignorance- I hope someone can give some clear answers to my questions and can tell me if there is really something exciting enough about these spherules in some Mars crater...

    ---
    Conrad Barski

  21. Re:is water really necessary for life? by m50d · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Water does a few important things - it's liquid across a wide temperature range, and allows lots of reactions to take place in it - and one very rare one, it's denser when liquid than solid. We're not sure if that last is essential to life, but it might be, in which case there are no alternatives to water. And even if it isn't, there are still very few substances that would be liquid all year round on a planet, something that we're pretty sure life needs.

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    I am trolling
  22. Hmm by mcc · · Score: 4, Insightful
    What's up with this one then?
    • Medicines for the World's Poor. "Public-private partnerships" emerged as a force in 2004, according to Science magazine, affecting the way medicines are developed and delivered to emerging nations.
    Sounds like applied science to me.

    Personally though if I were Science I wouldn't give SpaceShipOne a prize this year, since getting someone into space isn't technically by itself a new development in even applied science. I'd give it to them in a year or two-- once they manage to successfully begin operating their spaceliner business, since that IS going to be a dramatic change in how science is applied...