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A Brain Pacemaker for Depression

Ranger writes "Scientists claim to have developed a pacemaker 'cure' for depression. It may also have applications to controlling tremor's in Parkison' sufferers. This sounds vaguely like Ren & Stimpy's Happy, Happy, Joy, Joy helmet from Stimpy's Invention."

99 comments

  1. Terminal Man by WhatAmIDoingHere · · Score: 1, Insightful

    Anybody?

    That's the first thing that popped into my head.

    --
    Not a Twitter sockpuppet... but I wish I was.
    1. Re:Terminal Man by WhatAmIDoingHere · · Score: 2, Funny

      How the HELL is this a troll? Have any of you ever READ the damn book?

      --
      Not a Twitter sockpuppet... but I wish I was.
    2. Re:Terminal Man by WhatAmIDoingHere · · Score: 2, Interesting

      I don't even know how that would work. I don't shop at Amazon, I just googled for the book and grabbed a link.

      --
      Not a Twitter sockpuppet... but I wish I was.
  2. "Make my day" by Pig+Hogger · · Score: 3, Interesting
    Sounds like a "Tasp", from Larry Niven "Known Space" novels.

    (A Tasp is a device that lets one remotely tickle someone else's brain pleasure center. It's illegal, of course, since very often, the victim, after a moment of pure joy, is bound to get depressed and eventually becomes a wirehead, by having a wire to the pleasure center surgically implanted, then getting high on house current [presumably transformed down to a managable voltage/current] and avoiding normal sundry chores like working, washing-up and eventually eating).

    1. Re:"Make my day" by fm6 · · Score: 3, Informative
      Niven didn't actually invent the "tasp". Like a lot of his concepts, it was just regurgitated magazine articles and folklore. In this case, there was a story circulating that somebody had wired a lever into the "pleasure center" of a rat's brain. Another lever dispensed the rat's food supply. Supposedly, the rat was so caught up in pressing the pleasure lever, it never got around to pushing the food lever, and starved to death.

      As usual, Niven did manage to turn this concept into interesting stories. Though (as usual) he also rather beat the idea to death. But the sad thing is that the whole concept is probably either an urban legend or a distortion of real research. I'm pretty sure there's no such thing as a "pleasure center". It is true that things directly induce pleasure in the brain also tend to override basic drives, such as hunger -- something every crack addict demonstrates.

    2. Re:"Make my day" by Mark_MF-WN · · Score: 4, Informative

      There actually is such a thing. It's located in the limbic system, and is primarily affected by the release of dopamine (which is why drugs that stimulate the release of dopamine are so pleasurable). The rat story isn't apocryphal, although I'd feel better if I had a link to a journal it was published in.

    3. Re:"Make my day" by mmontour · · Score: 1

      Supposedly, the rat was so caught up in pressing the pleasure lever, it never got around to pushing the food lever, and starved to death.

      Leading to the famous quote:

      "If addiction is judged by how long a dumb animal will sit pressing a lever to get a 'fix' of something, to its own detriment, then I would conclude that netnews is far more addictive than cocaine."
      -- Rob Stampfli

      (source)

    4. Re:"Make my day" by fm6 · · Score: 1

      Perhaps there's a place in the limbic system you can stimulate and cause pleasure -- that wouldn't suprise me. But that's not a "pleasure center". That idea comes from a simplistic neo-phrenological model of brain architecture.

    5. Re:"Make my day" by Mark_MF-WN · · Score: 1

      And yet we all accept that there's a speech center, a language center, an optical center, etc. What's so different about a pleasure center that it invokes your bizarre ire?

    6. Re:"Make my day" by fm6 · · Score: 1

      Rob has a point. But that's nothing to MMORPGs. People have been known to play themselves to death. I mean literally, as in playing for several days without food or sleep, and then dropping dead.

    7. Re:"Make my day" by fm6 · · Score: 1

      You accept that there is. Neuroscientists have a rather more sophisticated model.

    8. Re:"Make my day" by Harodotus · · Score: 2, Informative

      IANAR(researcher), but for journal references how about:

      From M.A. Bozarth (1994). Pleasure systems in the brain. In D.M. Warburton (ed.), Pleasure: The politics and the reality (pp. 5-14 + refs). New York: John Wiley & Sons.

      Based on research from the origanal study:

      Olds, J. and Milner, P.: Positive reinforcement produced by electrical stimulation of septal area and other regions of rat brain. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 47: 419-427, 1954 [Medline pre1966 - no text online availble].
      --
      Its not users who are broken, it's systems not taking account their likely behaviour and fixing it technically.
    9. Re:"Make my day" by Mark_MF-WN · · Score: 1

      Thank y'kindly.

    10. Re:"Make my day" by Mark_MF-WN · · Score: 2, Funny
      Which is? I'm unfamiliar with any model that doesn't involve identifying specific brain structures that perform certain groups of functions. If that wasn't a good model for the brain, brain surgery would be virtually impossible, as would most forms of brain-imaging.

      But please, enlighten me. Can you point me in the direction of some new, superior model?

    11. Re:"Make my day" by fm6 · · Score: 1
      I agree: there are specific brain structures that perform specific groups of functions. But that's not the same thing as saying that there's a specific brain center that's in charge of "pleasure". That's like saying there a little demon in your head that evaluates whether you are supposed to enjoy each and every experience. Which makes no sense.

      Nor is there a "language center". What you do have is a lot of different structures, such as Broca's Area" that seem to play a role in use of language.

    12. Re:"Make my day" by Mark_MF-WN · · Score: 1
      You're just playing semantics now -- what's the difference between "performing specific groups of functions" and being "in charge" of those functions? The wikipedia link you include describes one of the parts of the brain where the structural model is most applicable! Broca's centre and Wernicke's centers are just about the most localized brain features in the entire cerebral cortex (which is, ironically, the least structural component of the brain).

      Once you get outside of the cerebral cortex, the structuralist model is nearly flawless -- look at the thalamus, hypothalamus, hippocampus, the spinal cord, the ascending reticular activating system, or the cerebellum. These structures are quite specialized, and quite compartmentalized. You might as well try to tell me that the stomach, esophagus, and mouth aren't cooperatively responsible for mechanical digestion.

      Just because you have a bone to pick with phrenology, doesn't mean you should discard the structuralist model of biology.

    13. Re:"Make my day" by cryptochrome · · Score: 1
      --

      ---If you can't trust a nerd, who can you trust?

    14. Re:"Make my day" by fm6 · · Score: 1
      he wikipedia link you include describes one of the parts of the brain where the structural model is most applicable!
      I never said that you couldn't describe functional centers of the brain. Of course the brain has functional centers. But what is the job of specific centers? Nobody really knows. It's clear that Broca's area plays a role in language processing, since damage to that area tends to cause language aphasia. But there's similar evidence for language roles in various other brain areas. So there's nothing you can point to and call "the language center".

      "Pleasure center" is even worse. Suppose I stick a wire in your brain and stimulate it with electricity and that causes you to feel pleasure. (I'm too squeamish to do that in real life, so don't get nervous.) That doesn't prove that I've found your "pleasure center". It just means that I'm simulating some kind of brain input associated with pleasure. Maybe it has to do with sex, or a sensation of safety or well being.

    15. Re:"Make my day" by plehmuffin · · Score: 1
      Actually, there are several pleasure centers (after all, there ain't just one kind of pleasure), each one corresponding to different areas of the brain and different kinds of stimulation (eg sexual pleasure, eating pleasure etc).

      Don't have time to scrounge up a link since I'm at work, but google should be able to help you out.

    16. Re:"Make my day" by ErikZ · · Score: 1

      LOL. Man, what a day not to have mod points.

      --
      Democrats or Republicans. They are both taking us to the same place and they are not afraid of us anymore.
    17. Re:"Make my day" by ErikZ · · Score: 1

      Give it up man. The "Admit it when I'm wrong" part of his brain is damaged or missing.

      --
      Democrats or Republicans. They are both taking us to the same place and they are not afraid of us anymore.
  3. World by Mark_MF-WN · · Score: 2, Insightful
    Didn't it ever occurr to anyone to just make the world less shitty? That would clear up most depression quite nicely.

    Seriously though -- I've seen people with medication-resistant major depressive disorder, and it sucks real bad. Anything that can help these people is worth looking into.

    1. Re:World by GreyWolf3000 · · Score: 1, Funny
      Umm, I don't think depression is caused by the world's problems, but by the individual's problems with the world.

      In korea, for example, only old men have depression.

      --
      Slashdot: Where people pretend to be twice as smart as they really are by behaving like children.
    2. Re:World by fm6 · · Score: 4, Informative
      That's the usual misconception about clinical depression -- that it's just a fancy way of saying "unhappy". But to doctors it describes various syndromes where a person's mental function is "depressed". It means not just a bad mood, but an inability to feel a good mood. Or to think clearly, respond to events, and a lot of other inabilities.

      Moving a person with such a condition onto another planet where everything's perfect might help them feel better. Or not. People with a built-in capacity for depression can get depressed -- even suicidal -- over things that most people wouldn't even notice.

      Thing is, the word "depression" doesn't really explain anything. It's just a handy label for a wide variety of conditions, some fairly well understood, others hardly understood at all. So it ends up being a dumping bin for any condition with mostly psychological symptoms that a doctor can't explain through physical disease. So really depression is "diagnosed" only by elimination -- and it often happens that the doctor has not eliminated all other possibilities.

    3. Re:World by Mark_MF-WN · · Score: 2
      Oh, I'm well aware of that. Hence the "seriously though".

      Depression is definitely a nasty business. It's often extremely difficult treat (some people are virtually immune to the positive effects of psychotropic medications, although rarely to the negative ones). Psychotherapy is often unhelpful for intelligent and/or cynical people. It's a bad scene.

    4. Re:World by Shihar · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Actually, a neat theory I heard about depression is that it comes into existence because the world doesn't suck. The basic idea is this. In nature a human be under constant life and death adversity. You would always be hungry and always searching for food. Depression in such in instance would offer up a defense against a lack of food. If you ran out of food, you would become depressed, expend less energy, and spend your time worrying how to obtain more food. Hopefully, you would find more food and resume a normal life.

      Fast forward to today. You are a 16 year old girl in America. You are never going to starve. Survival will never be an issue for you. You have a mechanism that is designed to deal with life and death situations, but there are none. Instead, it goes crazy. It picks something that has absolutely nothing to do with survival, like boys, school, grades, popularity, or whatever. Worse still, none of these problems are easily satisfied. You can find plentiful food and be totally full, but how do satisfy more abstract worries like relationships and school? These are problems that can never be totally solved.

      That is one BS theory I heard anyways. I have also heard something similar about allergies. People's immune systems are used to looking for environmental containments in nature, but when you live in a sterile environment it goes nuts and over reacts.

    5. Re:World by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      Psychotherapy is often unhelpful for intelligent and/or cynical people.

      This is because common psychotherapy is built on unreasonable assumptions and lies. Those of us blessed with a bit of intelligence see right through it. (Hooray for us.)

    6. Re:World by incognitopoet · · Score: 1

      That's not a bad point, really. There is probably nothing pathologic about feeling negative emotions in response to negative stimulus. My guess is that quite a few people taking SSRI's are not depressed in the neurophysiologic sense, but rather "unhappy." If any real understanding of the efficacy of one depression treatment vs. another is ever to be had, it will be after sorting out the true depressives from the larger group of unhappy people. If you drop out of med school to work at a potato chip factory, marry an unpleasant woman and move to an industrial-gray part of town, your response shouldn't be joy and delight. Of course, if you can't quite feel anything when you get the letter from Harvard begging you to come to school and pick up your fat stipend, that's quite another matter.

    7. Re:World by fm6 · · Score: 1

      Thank you for sharing. One can never have too much BS in one's life.

    8. Re:World by $rtbl_this · · Score: 1

      This is because common psychotherapy is built on unreasonable assumptions and lies. Those of us blessed with a bit of intelligence see right through it.

      L. Ron? Is that you?

      --
      "Are you being weird, or sarcastic?" said Emma. I said I didn't know because I get the two feelings mixed up.
    9. Re:World by QMO · · Score: 1

      The major (not only) cause of depression is not doing what you know you should.

      The best cure for nearly all depression is doing what you know is right.

      (Note: I do not suggest that depression begins and ends in relation to what others think you should do, but in relation to what YOU KNOW is right.)

      --
      Exam 4/C again. Maybe I'll do better this time.
    10. Re:World by Jim+Morash · · Score: 1

      That makes an enormous amount of sense. I have noticed that my depressive episodes are usually triggered by the complexity of modern life, whereas, put me in a survival-ish situation and I couldn't be happier. I guess this is why I like winter camping in the mountains.

    11. Re:World by Mark_MF-WN · · Score: 1
      True enough. There's also the genetic aspect -- some people just spiral into depression, and never get out. Normal treatments fail, because they're designed to correct the depression and then end (a normal course of SSRIs or psychotherapy is two years). And then there's people who have a negative stimulus (such as a loved one dieing), but their grieving period never really ends. And geriatric-onset depression -- lots of eldery people become extremely depressed, although I understand this is one of the easiest forms of depression to treat.

      To summarize, depression is difficult to treat precisely because its so multicausal. The chemical model misses a lot. It's to be hoped that in the future, with better genetic testing and holistic (in the legitimate psychiatric sense, not in the hippy bullshit sense) treatment, interventions for depression will be much more targetted and individualized.

    12. Re:World by Mark_MF-WN · · Score: 1

      That's a bunch of hippy Rogerian bullshit. If that were true, why would ECT and SSRIs eliminate depression in so many cases?

    13. Re:World by Alsee · · Score: 1

      Didn't it ever occurr to anyone to just make the world less shitty? That would clear up most depression quite nicely.

      Didn't it ever occurr to anyone to just make the world less irrational? That would clear up most schizophrenia quite nicely. :)

      -

      --
      - - You can't take something off the Internet! That's like trying to take pee out of a swimming pool.
  4. Already exists... by EnronHaliburton2004 · · Score: 4, Funny

    Such a device already exists, and is used by hundreds of thousands of geeks across the globe!

    Bored at work. Bored at work. Getting depressed. Getting depressed.

    Oh, new story on Slashdot! Yay! Something to do. Happy! Happy!

    Ok. Read story. Not so good after all. Bored at work. Bored at work. Getting depressed. Getting depressed.

    Oh, new story on Slashdot! Yay! Something to do. Happy! Happy!

    1. Re:Already exists... by Elwood+P+Dowd · · Score: 1

      I assumed you were going to make a joke about masturbation.

      --

      There are no trails. There are no trees out here.
    2. Re:Already exists... by varuul · · Score: 1
      We can't all be like that can we???.....

      time to go hit refresh to see if anyt....

      Oops I guess we are...

    3. Re:Already exists... by Ohreally_factor · · Score: 1

      He did. It just wasn't the type of masturbation you of which you were imagining.

      --
      It's not offtopic, dumbass. It's orthogonal.
  5. I thought this looked familiar... by SoCalChris · · Score: 3, Interesting

    A dupe from almost a year ago.

    1. Re:I thought this looked familiar... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

      Stop complaining and be happy!

      *BZZZT*

    2. Re:I thought this looked familiar... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'll teach you to be happy!

      I'll teach your grandma to suck eggs..

  6. Violation of Inalienable Rights by the+eric+conspiracy · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Hey - the basic catechism of life in America is that you have the right to pursue happiness. This implies that you cannot ever achieve it because then you would lose the ability to pursue it.

    So this helmet has to go.

    1. Re:Violation of Inalienable Rights by samdu · · Score: 1

      That would certainly explain US drug policy.

  7. This article is PR. TMS has more of a future. by Red+Moose · · Score: 2, Insightful
    Vagal Nerve Stimulation is OK but as it's invasive I would see it as not being as "good" as alternatives. The reason is it being publicised is because the technology already exists, the theory is decades old and it's a "chargeable" procedure. But it is invasive and as such carries more risks than ECT. It will make certain corporations a lot of money and undoubedtly will lead to a reversal to the macroscopic analogies of psychiatric illness of 50 years ago. It's crude, put it that way.

    Possibly a better track is the TMS - Transcranial Magnetic Ultrasound. This is non-invasive and uses magnetic and electrical principles to achieve the neurogenesis seen in ECT which is the best treatment for certain types of depression. It's cheaper and quicker and has none of the risks of ECT which are primarily those associated with a general anaesthesia.

    So VNS will lead down a path of the cingulotomies of the past with a GA to implant and complications of that. GA causes enough of the ECT problems like memory loss and disorientation. It will however make procedural money and insurance companies love procedures. Vagal Nerve Stimulation is more invasive and drastic than ECT. The article quotes one of them saying the opposite.

    TMS is non-invasive, carries none of the related side-effects of General Anaesthetic (used in ECT and Vagal Nerve Stimulation). It is misleading in this article to suppose that ECT is more "drastic". VNS = corporate money + risk of neurosurgery. TMS = better results for patient with less side effects.

    Surgical intervention such as anterior cingulotomy have only been found succesful in very rare cases.

    --

    Acting stupid isn't much fun when there's someone around who knows better

    1. Re:This article is PR. TMS has more of a future. by Bastian · · Score: 1

      Heh, I think maybe the idea of ECT being so drastic goes back to One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest.

      That scene is the only image I can think of that would make me think that ECT is less invasive than opening your head (even a little bit) and sticking things in your brain.

    2. Re:This article is PR. TMS has more of a future. by ConceptJunkie · · Score: 1

      I think you have a point. 60 years ago lobotomy was the cure-all for mental illness, this seems only somewhat less drastic (and less permanent, fortunately), not unlike trying to fix a processor by poking leads directly into the die.

      Thanks for the info on TMS.

      --
      You are in a maze of twisty little passages, all alike.
  8. Related device: The Orgasmatron by FleaPlus · · Score: 4, Interesting

    This reminds me a little bit of an article I read a little while back on a spinal cord stimulation device which has been dubbed the "Orgasmatron."

    Article link

    Snippet:

    While Dr. Stuart Meloy was working on a new device to treat chronic pain, he was surprised to discover it could also bring pleasure to his female patients.

    While Meloy, an anesthesiologist and pain specialist in Winston-Salem, was putting an electrode into the spine of a female patient with chronic back pain, the woman reported a decrease in her pain and a delightful, but very unexpected, side effect.

    "When we turned on the power in this case, she let out a moan and began hyperventilating," Meloy said on ABC News' Good Morning America. "Of course we cut the power and I looked around the drapes and asked her what was going on. Once she caught her breath, she said 'you're gonna have to teach my husband how to do that!' "

    Meloy soon realized he may have discovered a device that could help thousands of women who have trouble achieving orgasm.

    "The device is the use of a pre-existing device called a spinal cord stimulator," he said. "Instead of treating chronic pain with the stimulator, we're treating orgasmic dysfunction," Meloy said.

    In a surgical procedure done in his office, Meloy implants the electrodes from this device into the back of the patient, at the bottom part of the spinal cord. When the electrodes are stimulated with a remote control, the brain interprets the signal as an orgasm, he said. The device is about the size of a pacemaker and can be turned on and off with a handheld remote control.

  9. Side Effects? by lhaeh · · Score: 3, Insightful
    I've been on two antidepressant medications. They both made me an emotionless zombie.

    What else will this do, other then 'cure' depression?

    1. Re:Side Effects? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Interesting

      I've tried a fair number of anti-depression remedies myself. The best of them, endorphin highs from exercise and anti-depressant medications made me feel a bit empty and disconnected. I was still depressed, but it didn't really bother me that I was.

    2. Re:Side Effects? by Mark_MF-WN · · Score: 3, Informative
      That happens a lot with some of the older SSRIs. Some of the newer ones are better about those side effects.

      To be fair though, SSRIs have some of the mildest side effects of any psychotropic medications. I was on a tiny dose of a mild antipsychotic for three weeks; the end result was that I temporarily became sociopathically antisocial, I gained fifty pounds (and I wasn't exactly Tommy Tune to start with), and my liver had started failing. I'm STILL taking the weight off. Apparently people often die of heart disease after just a few years on an antipsychotic. Lame, huh?

    3. Re:Side Effects? by gobbo · · Score: 1

      Side effect is a reductionist euphemism. Try 'shitty effect'. Everything a drug does is an effect. We are organisms, complex systems. Is my left kidney a side organ just because my brain and gonads are my primary interest? Really, it just comes off as drugmaker propaganda.

    4. Re:Side Effects? by Mark_MF-WN · · Score: 1
      A side effect is any effect other than the intended effect. Just like my CPU catching on fire is a side effect of recompiling the Linux kernel.

      Reductionist euphemism? Welcome to the world -- everything is a reduction. The only thing that isn't a reduction is the entire universe itself. We reduce because describing the entire universe in complete detail is a bit more difficult than using reductionist nouns and pronouns.

    5. Re:Side Effects? by gobbo · · Score: 1
      A side effect is any effect other than the intended effect.

      No. A side effect is a minor effect aside from the intended effect. I'm objecting to your (and the drug companies') definition, since it is used to mislead.

      Reductionist euphemism? Welcome to the world -- everything is a reduction.

      That is a specious use of the word. Reduction is a provisional tool when examining systems, and needs to be discarded at the earliest opportunity. A forest is not an aggregation of trees.

      Reductionism is a mistaken theory that any complex system can be understood through analysis of its individual components. Occasionally it is elevated to near religious status, such as in your post, but usually it is used to promote interests, where it remains merely propagandistic.

      Drug companies are guilty of the latter, in this case.

    6. Re:Side Effects? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      My daughter has a VNS for treatment of her seizure disorder. It was done out-patient and an interesting side effect of the device was an enormous increase in her attention span.

      Side effects - initially her voice would vibrate when the device went off. She's had some fun with that, but it has seemed to wear off over time.

    7. Re:Side Effects? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      > I've been on two antidepressant medications. They both made me an emotionless zombie.

      And this is a problem... why?

    8. Re:Side Effects? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      >I've been on two antidepressant medications. They both made me an emotionless zombie.

      Dude, I'd kill for that. Instead, I get to keep the depression, but as a bonus (depending on the medications), I get nightmares, sleep disruption, headaches, heartburn, memory loss, etc.

      You don't know how good you have it.

    9. Re:Side Effects? by lhaeh · · Score: 1

      Supposedly the zombie feeling is common with many SSRIs, but I don't think that the side-effects you described are common to all of the different kinds. Maybe you should give the others a chance.

  10. Re:Correction....not Ultrasound by Red+Moose · · Score: 1

    Replying to my own post is bad but TMS is Transcranial Magentic Stimulation. I was thinking of something else at the time and put Ultrasound in instead. Sorry!

    --

    Acting stupid isn't much fun when there's someone around who knows better

  11. Re:Correction....not Ultrasound by Mark_MF-WN · · Score: 1

    Do you have any links to information about TMS? It sounds like interesting stuff.

  12. Invader Zim by Shadow_139 · · Score: 0

    This so reminds me of the "Happy Brian Probe Thingy" from Invader Zim..

    NOOODDDLLEEEE...., NOOODDDLLEEEE...., NOOODDDLLEEEE....,

    GIVE ME THE PIGGY..., PIGGY FOR SCIENCE"......

    http://www.thescarymonkeyshow.com/encyclopedias/bi opics/nick1.jpg/
    http://www.thescarymonkeyshow.com/encyclopedias/bi os_n.htm/
    From the "GIR Goes Crazy and Stuff" & "Zim Eats Waffles" shows...,
  13. Go go tin foil hat! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Quick get your tin foil hats on! The government is going to implant neural RFID tags into our brains and turn us into "1984" thought-pigeon zombies!!!

  14. Too many people are depressed by SunFan · · Score: 4, Insightful


    While there are certainly people who are clearly depressed, most people I know who are on anti-depressants are perfectly normal. They mistake the occasional lack of motivation or bad day for depression, and it seems doctors love to write prescriptions for antidepressants with little or no questioning if they are needed (kickbacks?). My frame of comparison for "normal" is a person I know who is truly bipolar (it's unmistakable, and medication is necessary).

    --
    -- Microsoft is the most expensive commodity operating system and office suite vendor in the marketplace.
    1. Re:Too many people are depressed by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      But realize that people that are seriously depressed usually hide it from the rest of the world, including you. Its impossible to know if someone is seriously depressed without walking in their shoes.

    2. Re:Too many people are depressed by SunFan · · Score: 1


      The people I'm referring to used antidepressants to get through a semester at school or think they are a band-aid for them being fat and lazy (it doesn't fix either, btw). How much of depression is really depression and how much is people feeling they don't fit other people's abitrary ideals and blame themselves? The latter doesn't need medication, it needs an attitude adjustment.

      --
      -- Microsoft is the most expensive commodity operating system and office suite vendor in the marketplace.
    3. Re:Too many people are depressed by curunir · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I completely agree that doctors are too quick to prescribe SSRIs. Quite often for milder cases of depression (like mine), a diet and exercise routine can work without all the risks/side effects of SSRIs. I now take 5-HTP (available at any drug store) and eat a more balanced diet and never really feel all that down anymore. Also, taking 5-HTP regularly has pretty much killed the sugar cravings I used to get all the time, so I've dropped a few pounds.

      I have no doubt that for serious cases, SSRIs can be very effective, but they should be a last resort after milder treatments have failed.

      --
      "Don't blame me, I voted for Kodos!"
    4. Re:Too many people are depressed by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Interesting

      Being depressive myself (bipolar II, actually) I'm just curious: what diet and exercises can help with depression? Is it really working? Thanks in advance...

    5. Re:Too many people are depressed by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0


      It probably depends on why someone feels depressed in the first place. It could be as simple as dumping soft drinks for some people (a thousand extra calories a week is a recipe for obesity and diabetes). Some people get a rush off of endorphans during exersize (or even being out in fresh air is nice).

    6. Re:Too many people are depressed by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I started this day from doing 50 pushups, a lot of weight lifting, I had something between 2-3 hours of walk on fresh air, I had sex (which I usually don't have a lot of), I drank only water and ate very little of healthy food... And I didn't feel any pleasure during this day. None. Even during sex. (Yes, I had orgasm, but I didn't feel happy or anything and I was even more down after the sex than before, to the point that I thought it was a stupid idea because I always have much less energy after orgasm.) So that's my day as usual. Nothing particularly stressful, a lot of nice things, and no pleasure whatsoever. That's why I asked about some specific exersizes or diet, because mine don't work. Well, thanks anyway...

    7. Re:Too many people are depressed by Monkelectric · · Score: 1
      I can't tell if this is a joke, but diet and exercise are an integral part of your mental health. Your body is a system and it needs to be treated systemically.

      Keeping a regular sleep pattern, eating healthy, and exercise are the foundations of good health. For someone in very good shape (or who is young) they may be able to get away without skipping some of these things -- but for people with health problems, bad habits often exasturbate their condition.

      BPD can't be cured with exercise since the cause is chemical, but I guarantee you will feel better after doing these things:

      Limit "cokes" to two a week (and never before bed, half life of caffeine is 5 hours).
      Limit caffeine -- caffeine is a powerful drug which is addictive in as little as two days. It really does not belong in our food supply.
      Limit Nitrates... Sodium nitrate is found in cured meats such as bacon, sausage, salami, etc. Nitrates prevent botchulism but cause cancer.
      Limit aspertame intake -- aspertame is bad for you. It causes headaches, and it is an unstable molecule which dissasociates into 2 neuro-toxins and a metabolic posion.
      Do not eat margerine, at all. Margerine is a frankensite concotion of oils and plastic that is not good for you :) Eat regular butter in sane ammounts.
      Sugar and fat *ARE NOT* bad for you, as long as yuou don't go overboard. (40-30-30 principle)
      Decide how many times you will eat our per week, and stick to that (I would suggest no more then 2)
      Eat things like colorfull fruits and vegetables, oats, grains, beans (mexican food is great if you dont go overbaord on the fat). If it has a cartoon character on the package -- don't eat it.

      As far as sleep -- choose a time to wake up each morning and set an alarm. Your body will choose the time you need to go to sleep after a few days.

      As far as exercise, an hour a day would be great, an hour 4 days a week is acceptable. Walking is good exercise, jogging is one of the best exercises there is (with proper shoes), so is swimming. If you have access to a gym -- do it. Creatine is a very good safe supplement which increases muscle torque about 10% and increases healing times. BUT it does raise blood pressure a bi so if you are hypertensive don't take it, it also raises your tendancy to have cramps a bit.

      So there you are, a complete guide to healthy living on slashdot :)

      --

      Religion is a gateway psychosis. -- Dave Foley

    8. Re:Too many people are depressed by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      antidepressants to get through a semester at school

      I knew med students that got through a semester by pumping themselves up with stimulants to the point that they barely slept a couple hours and then designed bizare coctails of antidepressants and mood stabalizers and other antipsychotic drugs to try to chemically control their moods so they didn't come across as being too nuts (from the sleep and stimulants)

    9. Re:Too many people are depressed by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      Great advice. Im in strong agreement with everythigng except one point:

      Limit caffeine -- caffeine is a powerful drug which is addictive in as little as two days. It really does not belong in our food supply.

      Is caffeine really that bad? I think it falls into the category of performance enhancing drugs with as many benefis as harms -- just like alcohol in moderation.

    10. Re:Too many people are depressed by curunir · · Score: 1

      For me, it was primarily decreasing the amount of carbohydrates that I consumed. It's not as extreme as Atkins or South Beach, but I basically try to make sure that every meal is less than 50% carbs. The 5-HTP helps with this since I rarely crave carbs anymore. I also try to make sure that the carbs I do eat aren't from corn syrup (something I now believe to incredibly unhealthy, though I have no real evidence to back that up.)

      The exercise part probably has as much to do with keeping my sleep patterns as anything else, since it helps me maintain a consistant schedule. Keeping a consistant sleep schedule is extremely important, as is spending time outdoors during the daytime (lack of sunlight can also bring on depression.)

      As to whether it's really working, yes, I believe it is. I'm not going to say it would work for everyone, but I think my depression (like you, bipolar II) was brought on by bad eating habbits and a tendency to have an erratic sleep schedule where I stayed up 24+ hours at a time.

      --
      "Don't blame me, I voted for Kodos!"
    11. Re:Too many people are depressed by Monkelectric · · Score: 1
      Is caffeine really that bad? I think it falls into the category of performance enhancing drugs with as many benefis as harms -- just like alcohol in moderation.

      Um, some people can handle it, some cant. It is a very poweful drug, and like I said, addictive in 2 days. Caffeine addiction is *very* real -- I had it once. It just creeps up on you and pretty soon you can't be awake without it. I went on for about 2 weeks like that, quit, and slept 17 hours the first day, 14 the next, 12 ... You know the feeling you have sometimes when you wake up in the middle of the night groggy, stumble out to the kitchen? I felt like that all the time. It was very difficult to drag myself through life. It gradually abated after about 6 months.

      --

      Religion is a gateway psychosis. -- Dave Foley

  15. And??? by DesScorp · · Score: 2, Interesting

    We've been making the world "less shitty" for centuries with every advance; improved medicine, housing, communications, and education. If people of 100 years ago had peered into the future and seen our world, they'd be amazed at the lengths we've traveled.

    And yet we're more miserable than ever.

    It's as if all of the things we go to buy at Circuit City to fill our empty holes are only making them deeper.

    There is a possibility, however: perhaps it's that, with each advance, our imagination travels more and we're dissapointed with what we have. The people of the 1950's thought we'd all be flying across the world in Mach 3 airliners, and the people in the sixties and seventies thought we'd have colonized other planets by now.

    So...are we spoiled? Is that it? Or is it that we're looking to the wrong things for happiness? I could make the argument that in these days of Hollywood, everyone thinks they should be rich and famous, and not everyone can be a star.

    --
    Life is hard, and the world is cruel
    1. Re:And??? by Mark_MF-WN · · Score: 1
      First off, you completely missed the fact that I was making a joke .

      Secondly, the only reason depression seems so prevalent now is that in the past, it wasn't diagnosed, and people who had it either wasted away and died, or they killed themselves. It's nothing to do with being spoiled, with imagination, or anything like that.

      There's nothing that pisses me off more than people who come up with stupid ideas about depression stemming from jealousy, or being spoiled, or anything like that. Depression stems from aberrant brain chemistry -- nothing more. It's highly genetic, and spans all races, cultures, and groupings of any kind. Stop with your idiotic "lets blame progress for alienating us from each... technology is killing us... toil makes up happy...". History is filled people who killed themselves. Millions and millions of them.

      So fuck off -- all progress means is that depression now gets diagnosed and treated. I guarantee you that a modern person, with their iPod and ADSL, is about a billion times happier than a French serf from the middle ages who had to work 18 hours a day just to survive.

    2. Re:And??? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It's as if all of the things we go to buy at Circuit City to fill our empty holes are only making them deeper.

      Could someone please explain me why did I think about Yoda doll after reading this?

    3. Re:And??? by Mr.+Slippery · · Score: 1
      We've been making the world "less shitty" for centuries with every advance; improved medicine, housing, communications, and education.

      You can never get enough of what it is that you never really wanted in the first place.

      In Buddhism (which, at its best, is more applied psychology than religion), there is an image of hell realms full of "hungry ghosts". As Gary Snyder put it in one of my favorite poems, "loveless knowledge that seeks with blind hunger: and mindless rage eating food that will not fill it."

      Our "improved" medicine can do wonderful things, but also becomes more and more dehumanizing under a strictly biochemical/mechanical model of the human being and under "managed care" regimes where doctors work assembly-line style. (Especially in the area of mental health, where the treament most often given is some form of pharmaceutical roullette - spin the wheel, try a drug, repeat until patient stops complaining. )

      We build larger, more comfortable houses...then have to work two jobs to pay for them. We develop these wonderful, astounding means of communications, sending images across the planet in an instant, and we use it to send "Fear Factor" into people's living rooms. More people go to school for longer periods...only to learn how to become good worker bees.

      Or is it that we're looking to the wrong things for happiness?

      I'd say that looking to things for happiness is the problem. Maybe even looking for "happiness"...I think a better word is "contentment", though that's getting into fine points of connotation.

      I could make the argument that in these days of Hollywood, everyone thinks they should be rich and famous, and not everyone can be a star.

      The problem long pre-dates Hollywood. The Buddha was talking about this 2,500 years ago: the existence of "suffering" (a bad translation of dukha, but we'll leave that be for now), and that it's origin is desire. We want the universe to be stable, to not have things and relations and, most importantly, us, fall apart: but that's not the nature of the universe.

      What is takes to make the world less shitty is a change in attitude. Mindfulness and compassion. Of course these have to be built on a strata of physical improvements - it's very difficult to work on compassion when you're starving.

      But on the other hand, there are strong forces at work in our culture to surpress these ideas. Mindful people don't engage in continuous conspicuous consumption, and bam!, there falls our house-of-credit-cards economy.

      I'm re-reading Huxley's Island right now. I recommend it as an exploration of these topics.

      Also take a listen to Chris Chandler and Anne Feeny's poem/song "Let There Be Prozac" off of Flying Poetry Circus. (Available in RealAudio at the link.)

      --
      Tom Swiss | the infamous tms | my blog
      You cannot wash away blood with blood
  16. It is already being used for Parkinsons' Disease by madstork2000 · · Score: 3, Informative

    My grandfather just had this done as a treatment for Parkinsons. He can no longer write nor drink out of a cup without a straw because of the trembling.

    He had to have three surgeries total. Two were to implant the brain stimulators. One week they drilled the left side, the next week they drilled the right side. The third week they implanted the "pace maker / battery pack" into his back.

    He has not yet had the device activated. The doctors make him wait about a month for the injuries from the surgeries to heal. They do test the implants immediately after the drilling and implants. In case you did not notice from the article it is a "Local' anethesia, which for those of you out there not paying attention, means they drill into your head while you are awake.

    That part sucks big time, but it is needed because they count on feed-back from the patient to make sure the electrodes are placed properly within the brain.

    Anyway, he has not yet had the device turned on for every day use. His healing period was delayed when he got pnuemonia. He is getting anxious to have the device activated. He said the other people who have had this procedure have greatly improved, almost immediately.

    How it works for depression I don't know, but it is already being used for Parkinsons.

    -MS2k

  17. the terminal man by astflgl · · Score: 1

    This reminds me of the book Michael Crichton wrote in the late 60's/early 70's titled "The Terminal Man".
    The book tells a (fictional) tale of a man who has terrible seizures, transforming him from a weenie into a psychopathic destructive asshole. To cure his seizures a bunch of doctors surgically attach electrodes and a power pack to the pleasure centres in his brain, and when he is about to flip out, this device zaps him and he goes back to normal.
    Of course like most Michael Crichton books things don't go as planned and... well, i've already said too much. If this subject interests you i recommend reading the terminal man by Michael Crichton. It not only tells a good story, but it deals with philosophy of electrical brain stimulation and other groovy concepts.

    --
    sorry
  18. Indeed by Pan+T.+Hose · · Score: 0

    Perhaps there's a place in the limbic system you can stimulate and cause pleasure -- that wouldn't suprise me.

    This place was discovered by John Perry and Beverly Whipple and named after Ernst Gräfenberg.

    --
    Sincerely,
    Pan Tarhei Hosé, PhD.
    "Homo sum et cogito ergo odi profanum vulgus et libido."
    1. Re:Indeed by fm6 · · Score: 1

      Somehow, I don't think Larry Niven was thinking of the G Spot.

  19. Feeling sad for those that are depressed... by shpoffo · · Score: 2, Interesting

    I used to get depressed.... then I took a tough step to ruthlessly go over every aspect of my life & thought that touched me emotionally - and have had to get *really* honest with myself as well. The result: I'm much more functional today than I ever was because I came to understand the nature of where my depression came from and DEAL WITH IT HEAD ON. So many depressives I've met all have characteristic personality traits that indicate to me that they are in avoidance of being aware of certain aspects of themselves. You don't need drugs, people! You need to allow youselves to open up emotionally and challenge yourself. It's a hard road - you have to do it every day - at any instant you feel that internal twang try to pull you aside.

    Good luck

    .
    -shpoffo

    1. Re:Feeling sad for those that are depressed... by rigau · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Yeah but that takes work! AND you even have to think!

      I totally agree with you. What follows is my rant.

      We live in a society where the central question has become: "What do I do so I don't have to think?" Of course we are reaching the point where people ask themselves: "What can someone else do so that I don't have to think."

      Everyone wants a pill to fix their problems. "I have heart disease cause I eat too much fat. What can someone do for me?" And here come the pills. One for weight loss, one for thining the fat in your blood, one to make sure the other two don't interact detrimentally, etc..." If you eat crap you will feel like crap. Go out do some exercise and eat well. I'm sure that if you do those two your heart will be better and your liver will live to tell the story.

      So you are depressed? Go to the analyst. Read some books. Think about the problems you have don't just avoid them like a pansy. All this mess comes from the weird Victorian England/ WASPy "Don't deal with the elephant in the room" mentality. Well that is just harmful and silly. We need to acceptthings ans deal with them. Grab a Freud, Jung, Lacan, Klein, Ferenczi, NLP, Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, Heidegger, Bowlby, Horney, Kafka, or a Shakespeare book, etc... (I mixed in philosophy, literature, and psychoanalysis because depending on your issue any of them when used properly will help. Great literature is great because it deals with things that all human beings will have to deal with regardless of moment in history otherwise it is just a period piece.)

    2. Re:Feeling sad for those that are depressed... by mutterc · · Score: 2, Informative
      Everyone wants a pill to fix their problems. ... So you are depressed? Go to the analyst. Read some books. ...
      Actually, the preferred way to treat depression is to start out with medicine to "lift the cloud" as a temporary measure, then try to address the root causes with therapy (e.g. "Why are you depressed about the future, just because your livelihood is being stomped to death by greedy offshoring-driven corporations? Just get another livelihood!). If you get the root causes addressed, you then come down off the medicine.

      This is needed because (from experience) once you get down into the depths of depression, you can shoot down pretty much any idea. ("Why bother trying to improve myself? We'll all be standing in soup-kitchen lines together in a couple of years..." "Why bother trying to fight the concentration of wealth / corporate power? They can just buy as many congressmen as they want...") In fact, that's what took me so long to start getting help - on good days it didn't seem like I needed it, and on bad days I found no reason to bother.

      BTW, antidepressants don't make you artificially happy (if they did, they'd be abused, but there's no street market for them, despite easy availability).

      Andrew Solomon, a respected author about depression, wrote a handful of tips in a book called "The Bush Survival Guide" (it has many short chapters, by different authors, with usually-positive tips on how to deal with the current government). One was "Recent research has shown that depressives tend to have a more accurate worldview than non-depressives. However, the same research shows that a more accurate worldview is not an advantage." That's research I'd love to read.

    3. Re:Feeling sad for those that are depressed... by Effexor · · Score: 3, Informative

      Ok, nice rant. Not terribly informative or informed, but definitly a rant.

      First off, why the assumption that people who are suffering from depression don't think. That they are hiding from the big scary reality under their beds.

      I can only speak for myself here, unlike some of you who have the uncanny ability to know what others are thinking, but I do think. I think there for I am... I think you think so I'll give you the benifit of the doubt on the question of existence.

      In fact there are times that I seem to think too much. Again I can't speak to what others are thinking, but when I can analize my reasons for doing things and others just shrug when asked why they did something stupid, mean or self-defeating I figure I am thinking as much or more than my generally happy friends and aquaintances.

      As for the bit about everyone wanting a pill to fix things, you make it sound like anti-depressants are happy pills. When is the last time some dealer offered you an SSRI on the street? They don't make you happy. They make me fart, but thats not a marketable side-effect

      Depression is not 'getting depressed'. I wish I could say I get depressed because that would imply that sometime in my life that I can remember I wasn't depressed. Everyone has shitty days, or weeks. Feeling crappy about crappy things is not depression. It can lead to depression but for most thats a temporary condition. Mom died? Find you're unhappy, moody, lost your appetite and don't want to get out of bed? Yes, you're probably depressed. Yes it will probably go away without medication. Therapy may help, but then again so will time.

      However when pleasurable experiences give you no pleasure, when even a minor setback can send you into a mood which is negative completly out of proportion, or a major one can have no effect, when you lack the physical energy and the mental capacity to even seek out pleasure, forget happiness, it is not going to be helped by reading a little Nietzsche (though I must have missed reading his real cheery works.)

      The happy pills you speak of don't make me happy. They don't even make me normal, though apparently they do for some people. They do however allow me to function enough to keep a job, go shopping, take care of my kids. This is something that for several years I was incapable of doing.

      Anyway, as for your great advice, I did all that. In my teens. Didn't work. 20 years later I'm still depressed. But thanks for playing.

      --

      As the air to a bird or the sea to a fish, so is contempt to the contemptible -W.B.

    4. Re:Feeling sad for those that are depressed... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      We need to acceptthings ans deal with them. Grab a Freud, Jung, Lacan, Klein, Ferenczi, NLP, Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, Heidegger, Bowlby, Horney, Kafka, or a Shakespeare book, etc.

      Well, actually, I can tell you from experience that reading that kind of shit and accepting things as they are just made me MORE depressed and miserable. My sense of helplessness, the feeling of pointlessness and waste to my life became extreme. Have you really read that stuff? Kierkegaard desperately attempts to extinguish the intellect to save his religious faith, while Nietzsche deals with his pain and alienation by shredding his contemporaries to bits with his rapier wit. Kafka's literature is the literature of depression; Lacan is utterly full of shit; and Freud and Jung offer imaginary solutions to real problems.

      Funny that Rilke, Flaubert, and Dostoevsky aren't on your list (or maybe they are).

      Actually, one of the few things that helped me with my depression was giving up religion (which exacerbated all my problems). I also found that reading Hume was quite encouraging. Also Dawkins. If one looks around there are a number of writers whose works do not plunge one into further depression and despair--but they are usually not the works recommended by English majors.

      What really helped with my depression was meeting a wonderful girl and starting a relationship. I was finally able to take my mind off the enormous, horrible, terrifying problems of the world I live in and focus on tiny mundane problems like rent checks and keeping her happy. It really does make life so much more tolerable.

      The earlier poster with the survival analogy may have been right. (I've read a theory by an evolutionary biologist that depression may be an adaptive response to defeat. Anyway, the shutting down and eating less theory also makes sense.)

    5. Re:Feeling sad for those that are depressed... by core_dump_0 · · Score: 1

      You are very ignorant.

      There is a BIG difference between "being depressed" and clinical depression, which is what this device is for.

      It is true that people are being overprescribed drugs like Paxil and Prozac for trivial problems that should be dealt with through therapy or even by themselves. It is also true that people are being given misleading information about themselves by watching too many advertisements for these types of drugs.

      However, there is a clear difference between depression, e.g. unipolar depression, bipolar disorder, etc. which are inherited genetic disorders and sane people who want an easy pill fix for their day-to-day problems.

      Now I was lucky that my bipolar disorder worked well with medication. However, some (very few) people are not so lucky and have to resort to shock therapy or I guess this device now.

      I am also amazed and offended that Slashdot would compare something serious like this to Ren & Stimpy.

    6. Re:Feeling sad for those that are depressed... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      > They make me fart, but thats not a marketable side-effect

      You have so much to learn about us Slashdotters.

    7. Re:Feeling sad for those that are depressed... by shpoffo · · Score: 1

      When did you first realize that you were "clinically depressed"? Feel free to answer via direct email. I've honestly never met anyone who claimed such level of depression - and I've dated a person what was clinical Borderline Personality Disorder. My conversations with her alluded to the fact that she was aware of her mechanisms for the way she was/acted, but avoided the overwhelming nature of addressing them. Heavily masked - carefully layered, but aware of a hairline route to take. I'm not saying you are the same way, I"m just being honest about my experience because I'd like to know better what it is that you feel.

      .
      -shpoffo

    8. Re:Feeling sad for those that are depressed... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I knew some people in highschool who were definite fuckups but could have helped themselves with a few femtograms of actual effort. Maybe it was fashionable to be dramatic, using antidepressants, and to have a psychiatrist. (Of course there were others who actually -did- need help.)

  20. Terminal Man by zeus_tfc · · Score: 1

    I'm reminded more of the Michael Crichton book 'Terminal Man'. A person was wired with a similar device that automatically sent a mild shock into his brain when he was having a psychotic episode (or something like that).

    He snapped and went on a murderous rampage, despite the device (or because of it).

    This sounds disturbingly similar.

    Not that reality will follow fiction.

    --
    "...At the end of the day"..."when everyone goes home, you're stuck with yourself." RIP Layne Staley
  21. I have severe, recurrent bouts of depression ... by JoeGee · · Score: 1

    I have been following this news for several years. For me, and the thousands like me who get no relief from medication I am pleased to see this project moving forward.

    -Joe G.

    --

    Get off my virtual lawn, you damned virtual kids!
  22. I think... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I'd rather have a bottle in front of me than a frontal lobotomy.

  23. No need by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    There is no need to 'implant' such a thing.
    Reglar use of CES devices, or a BT6 device
    will do the same and more.

    20th century medicine is surgery happy...

  24. Re:It is already being used for Parkinsons' Diseas by daymitch · · Score: 1

    Sort of a departure from the topic, but hey, no one else seems to care.

    My mother had this exact procedure several years ago. It was a fantastic effect, once they turned it on. She went from near-immobile rigidity (she didn't tremble too too much) to free motion over night. It was very nice to see, I can tell you.

    She's had it long enough now that her battery is wearing out. Soon, she'll have to go in for surgery to get upgraded. Yay! Mom 3.0!

  25. Issues by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    This things looks like it could be a great step forward for people suffering from Parkinson's. However, I've always been hesistant to these "cures" for depression. With all the factors effecting a person's mood, a simple implant seems a bit too simple. And what would happen if it misfired or something? With all the warning people get for having pacemakers, having one in your brain might be risky. Besides, I would be just a bit uncomfortable with the idea that the reason I'm feeling ok is because of the chip in my head.