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U.S. Offers Glimpse at Manhattan Project Facility

jonerik writes "According to this article from the Associated Press, the US government is this week permitting the public a rare glimpse of its high-security Y-12 nuclear weapons plant as part of Oak Ridge, Tennessee's annual Secret City Festival, which is being held this coming weekend. Although the plant is still associated with ongoing nuclear weapons work, members of the public will be permitted to see parts of the facility associated with its work on the Manhattan Project's 'Little Boy' bomb, which was dropped on the Japanese city of Hiroshima on August 6th, 1945. The facility produced the uranium-235 which was used in the device using 1,152 massive calutrons across nine separate buildings in 1944 and 1945. 'Don't you know the people in Knoxville wondered what in the world was going on out here,' Department of Energy guide Ray Smith said on Monday. 'All this material was coming in, truckload after truckload, and nothing ever left.'"

16 of 488 comments (clear)

  1. Re:good idea? by idiotism · · Score: 5, Insightful

    I highly doubt that they're going to give out plans on building your own nuke...you can find that stuff on the internet, anyways. And congrats on being another one of the million Americans that think 9/11 should restrict everything we do. "OH NO, THERE ARE TERRORISTS EVERYWHERE! I'm staying in my house for the rest of my life."

  2. Re:good idea? by Detritus · · Score: 4, Insightful

    It's obsolete technology, along with the gas diffusion plant. If someone wants to enrich uranium, there are more efficient methods, like gas centrifuges.

    --
    Mea navis aericumbens anguillis abundat
  3. This sounds dumb...but by ROFLMAObot · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Is it not a bit awry that we are allowing tours through the building where a bomb that killed thousands of people was built? I mean, it isn't exactly a tour of an art museum, or a place like the White House. It's just kind of odd.

    1. Re:This sounds dumb...but by XanC · · Score: 5, Insightful
      Oh yes? How many Japanese would have been killed by continued blockades, conventional bombing for months, and, most importantly, total war to the last man, civilian or otherwise?

      Perhaps one day, you will understand that the world is still governed by the aggressive use of force, and that it's only the right people winning armed conflicts that allows us to simulate otherwise.

    2. Re:This sounds dumb...but by koko775 · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Disclaimer: I am Japanese.

      I'd like to point out that you're not entirely correct. Okay, maybe the first bomb was justifiable, if terrible and horrifying, in the name of ending the war.

      What you fail to realize is that 1) The US originally had many more targets on their list, including Kyoto, which has a large historical significance (the Heian period was a very peaceful time), and 2) They issued an ultimatum, dropped the first bomb, and dropped the second bomb before the time was up.

      They could've dropped the first bomb and had the same result. The fact that they chose to drop two bombs is troubling.

    3. Re:This sounds dumb...but by HermanAB · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Not dumb - troll...

      The war in the Pacific Rim was not just between the USA and Japan. That is a horrible, horrible simplification. Japan invaded all its neighbours!

      By bombing Japan, the US avoided having to clean up hundreds (if not thousands) of islands and hundreds of cities, over an immense area.

      Ask any Chinese or Korean person to explain the history to you and whether they think ending the war quickly was a good idea or not.

      Japan had a bunch of religious nutcases in control and the bombs shocked everyone back to reality.

      --
      Oh well, what the hell...
    4. Re:This sounds dumb...but by JanneM · · Score: 4, Insightful

      The fact that the Emperor had god-like powers was a major problem with Japan, and the war would have re-surfaced if the job were left unfinished.

      That is a misunderstanding of the emperor, frankly. The Emperor has always been "a god", and still is, owing to the fact that the family ostensibly are the direct heirs of Amaterasu (who is the real deal, godwise). That doesn't change by a declaration on radio.

      On the other hand, while the Emperor has always been a god, so are, in a way, all Japanese once they die. Shinto is polyteistic/animistic, and being a god isn't as hugely special as it is for a monoteistic religion.

      And with that godness has pretty much never followed any actual, political power. The imperial household has pretty much throughout history been a political formality - someone for people to look up to, and to rubberstamp whoever is actually wielding political power at the moment (and if you didn't want to endorse the man of the moment, well, you're not the only member of your family and accidents do happen so easily...).

      The problem was not, and have never been the imperial family. The causes were really rooted in a militaristic, nationalistic tradition that valued strength at arms and national ambition over things like cooperation and peace.

      --
      Trust the Computer. The Computer is your friend.
    5. Re:This sounds dumb...but by Guppy06 · · Score: 5, Insightful

      "1) The US originally had many more targets on their list, including Kyoto, which has a large historical significance (the Heian period was a very peaceful time),"

      The idea was brought up but, if I remember correctly, quickly abanonded by the Truman administration for the reasons you mention. If it was still on the list by the time Hiroshima was bombed, it was very far down the list. It had little military signifigance, unlike Hiroshima and Nagasaki, which were still pumping out munitions.

      "2) They issued an ultimatum, dropped the first bomb, and dropped the second bomb before the time was up."

      However, the bombings weren't exactly simultaneous. Three days seem long enough to verify exactly what had happened to Hiroshima (it was obvious that the damage was done by a single catastrophic blast rather than a carpet-bombing campaign). And even after Nagasaki, it took six more days of waffling on the part of the Japanese government to get around to surrendering.

      During those six days there was an attempted military coup aimed at preventing the emperor from surrendering, even after both bombs. Oh, and the Soviets declared war, and all this takes place months after the US submarine force set up a near-total blockade of the home islands, dooming Japan to slow starvation in any event.

      Even after all this, when a sizable chunk of the Imperial Army was still willing to continue the war, why do you think the "same result" would have been acheived after just the first bomb?

    6. Re:This sounds dumb...but by dcw3 · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Disclaimer: I am Japanese.
      Fair enough...I'm American.

      They could've dropped the first bomb and had the same result. The fact that they chose to drop two bombs is troubling.

      Hmmm...the fact that they didn't immediately surrender makes it far less troubling in my not so humble opinion.

      It's difficult for us that weren't alive during that time to have a true perspective on the moods of both nations at the time. So I wouldn't want to be the one to try to pass judgement on either side. I've visited both cities, and seen the museums with body parts in jars...a true eye opener that will hopefully never become necessary in a third location.

      --
      Just another day in Paradise
  4. Re:sigh... by suricatta · · Score: 5, Insightful

    It's a UN thing. Only the founding members of the UN (US, Russia, France, China, UK) are permitted to develop nukes, ostensibly for peacekeeping purposes.

    Anyone wanting to join the UN has to agree to this and not develop nuclear weapons. In return they get access to nuclear theory and technology to make (for example) nuclear energy reactors.

    If you're a country and you want to develop nukes, then you're in for some serious trouble. If you're a member of the UN then you're breaking the rules, so everyone gets pissed off at you. If you're not a member of the UN then you're considered to be the bad guys, so everyone gets pissed off at you.

    The problem is that as a country you can't really afford to have everyone pissed off at you because you face things like international pressure, political sanctions and pre-emptive strikes. In today's globalised interdependent economy, these things really matter.

  5. Re:good idea? by FireFury03 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    And congrats on being another one of the million Americans that think 9/11 should restrict everything we do.

    When I was growing up, here in the UK, we had terrorist attacks from the IRA every so often (bombings, shootings, etc. mainly in London). The thing that the politicians always said was "If the terrorists change they way we live our lives and restrict what we can do then they have won" (or words to that effect). Then a bunch of people flew a plane into a building in the US and it seems the terrorists have won since everything is now being restricted to prevent terrorism... how times change.

  6. Re:sigh... by Zog+The+Undeniable · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Unless you're Israel, then you get away with it because you've got a lot of friends in Washington.

    --
    When I am king, you will be first against the wall.
  7. Re:sigh... by FireFury03 · · Score: 4, Insightful

    So many people seem obsessed with comparing Bush with Saddam/Hitler/Stalin/Pol Pot whoever. My reply is: Grow Up. If you truly cant see the difference between Bush and Saddam, then I truly feel sorry for you.

    Nomatter who you're talking about, I don't see what gives the right for one country who has weapons of mass destruction (and has used them in the past) to tell another country that they can't develop their own. If the US decomissioned it's weapons of mass destruction then it would be in more of a position to make that point. Like it or not, the US is _not_ the most morally superior and trustworthy country in the world.

  8. Re:I won't be able to visit by Strontium-90 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    One thing that you don't realize is that while the initial purpose of Oak Ridge and the Manhattan Project was to end World War II, almost everything that has come after that has been devoted to peace and the betterment of mankind. The Oak Ridge National Laboratory is a major institute for the advancement of dozens of areas of science including cleaner sources of energy, biology, environmental cleanup, particle physics, material science, mathematics, and more.

    And, having grown up in Oak Ridge, I can tell you that no one forgets what the bombs did. No one in Oak Ridge ever tries to cover up what happened. Quite frankly, I'm disappointed that you are so willing to dismiss a city and project that has had an immeasurable impact on history. Should we celebrate the death of more than one hundred thousand civilians? Certainly not. But neither should we ignore the contribution that the workers, engineers, and scientists of Oak Ridge made toward the ending of the most horrible war that we have ever seen. Many of the workers from Oak Ridge made tremendous sacrifices to serve their country in the way that they could, and the honor in those sacrifices should be respected, regardless of the end result, especially since most of the workers were unaware of the nature of the project.

  9. fallacy by karzan · · Score: 5, Insightful

    the parent writes: 'Keep in mind this is the japanese we are talking about not the french, they will die before they surrender. They are still finding japanese soldiers who refused to surrender.'

    to extrapolate from individual characteristics (even culturally shared ones) to political/military outcomes, or even aggregate behaviour, is a fallacy.

    this is like the old story of people saying that we have wars because it's 'human nature', when in fact while 'human nature' may give us the capacity to be soldiers (as well as to not be), it is ultimately *politicians* who start wars, not average people--average people just participate in them (and can escalate them through their participation).

    equally, while you may say that because of some shared cultural characteristic japanese soldiers were less likely to give up the fight once they were involved in it, this does not imply that the japanese political/military elite would have had incentives to continue fighting no matter what. you cannot treat all japanese as if they had the same incentive structure.

    the average japanese soldier was motivated by a belief in the emperor, the japanese nation, following orders and carrying out his duty. but what was the emperor motivated by? what were the generals motivated by? and when you put them all together, what is the systematic behaviour? it's not the same thing.

    japan did in fact realise that it was losing, and while it is true that the average soldier probably would have fought to the death (just as many people would fight to the death defending their country, or what they see as their country's right), this does not imply that people making decisions would have taken them on the basis of 'death before defeat'. clearly this was shown not to be the case by the japanese surrender. there is absolutely nothing in the history that indicates that they would not have surrendered had it not been for the atomic bomb being dropped. what makes the atomic bomb somehow override japanese people's supposed character of wanting to fight to the death, where other means do not?

  10. Re:good idea? by karzan · · Score: 5, Insightful

    there were still IRA bombings up to the late 90s, no cold war then either. and the bombs did seem pretty bad because they killed and injured a lot of people.

    the difference is that they were not exploited in order to create a climate of fear completely disproportional to the actual events. incidentally that is exactly the point of terrorist tactics--but we see today that those tactics can be effectively turned around and made more useful for the (supposed) target of the attacks than for the attackers...