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Remember When Elephants Had Tusks?

Boing Boing links to an interesting story today. If an antibiotic kills 95% of a germ species, but 5% bear a gene for resistance, indiscriminate use of it will result in a surviving line of entirely resistant germs. But on a slightly larger scale, genetically tusk-free elephants are gaining ground relative to their tusked brethren, says one study, thanks to a nasty antibiotic called poaching. If elephants don't have the decency to go extinct, maybe they'll just hang around to tusklessly remind our grandchildren where billiard balls originally came from, and to invite us to ponder what the last poacher was thinking as he shot the last tusked elephant.

113 comments

  1. Not a first post. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Too late.

  2. Elephants to poachers: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    "Tusk You!"

  3. One has to wonder... by ZSpade · · Score: 3, Insightful

    How that poacher is going to get that gun past zoo security...

    I seriously doubt they'll go extinct, but tusked elephants may go extinct in the wild.

    --
    Go ahead and call me unreliable; reliable is just a synonym for predictable.
    1. Re:One has to wonder... by TheSloth2001ca · · Score: 1

      Have you looked at the success of elephant breeding programs in Zoos??? Most likely they are not very successful. Also do zoos around the world have a large enough population to ensure that inbreeding depression does not happen??? Again most likely not

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      Just another crappy blog
    2. Re:One has to wonder... by ZSpade · · Score: 1

      *coughCLONINGcough*cough

      --
      Go ahead and call me unreliable; reliable is just a synonym for predictable.
    3. Re:One has to wonder... by gstoddart · · Score: 2, Insightful
      I seriously doubt they'll go extinct, but tusked elephants may go extinct in the wild.

      If they're extinct in the wild and only exist in captivity, the species is likely to be limited to a relatively small number of individuals, and possibly not a whole lot of genetic diversity.

      Short of some really good luck and exceedingly well-funded and planned management, such a situation screams for it to be extinct in a really short period of time.

      --
      Lost at C:>. Found at C.
    4. Re:One has to wonder... by jericho4.0 · · Score: 1

      Cloning doesn't work very well right now.

      --
      "A language that doesn't affect the way you think about programming, is not worth knowing" - Alan Perlis
    5. Re:One has to wonder... by jericho4.0 · · Score: 3, Informative

      In the parks of Kenya, poachers go heavily armed, obviously to kill elephants, but also to defend against wardens, who shoot to kill on sight.

      --
      "A language that doesn't affect the way you think about programming, is not worth knowing" - Alan Perlis
    6. Re:One has to wonder... by ZSpade · · Score: 1

      wish I could mod in a section I posted in, that was very informative.

      --
      Go ahead and call me unreliable; reliable is just a synonym for predictable.
    7. Re:One has to wonder... by ZSpade · · Score: 1

      Well not right NOW, but I was thinking by the time they're close to extinction, it might. Hell, this might even help draw in support for cloning research. People would absolutely hate to see these critters die off, and we can dig deep into the pockets of that kind of sympathy for all sorts of research. It's kind of like when a celeberity gets a disease that didn't get much research or publicity before. All of a sudden organizations are founded, and funding pours in.

      --
      Go ahead and call me unreliable; reliable is just a synonym for predictable.
    8. Re:One has to wonder... by zoefff · · Score: 1

      Well, the zoo is not a save haven either. The last passenger pigeon died in a zoo, and there were millions of those.

    9. Re:One has to wonder... by cashman73 · · Score: 1

      It must take an awfully large dose of Viagra to cure erectile dysfunction in elephants (or would that be called elephantile dysfunction?),...

    10. Re:One has to wonder... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      actually that is incorrect now that elephant herds are essentially property.

      They made the economic decision. people now protect the elephants because they want to have the lasting supply of tusks because they own that herd

      putting ownership has resulted in a growth of the elephant herds becauase people see a reason to protect them (the poachers that is)

    11. Re:One has to wonder... by cyberbob2010 · · Score: 1

      kenya actually has an anti-poaching army. they do kill on site. a friend of mine wants to go join them.

      --
      We seldom regret saying too little but often regret saying too much.
    12. Re:One has to wonder... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      they do kill on site.

      Only if you have a gold-tier support contract. Otherwise, you have to mail your poacher in to be killed.

  4. Poaching != antibiotics by ld_hrothgar · · Score: 0

    Equating poaching with antibiotics is really wrong... but I agree that indiscriminate use of antibiotics is a bad thing.

    1. Re:Poaching != antibiotics by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      How the FUCK is a post with no moderation, moderated at -1 OVERRATED? Stupid broken moderation system...

  5. Okay by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    That's okay. Their feet still make great stools.

    1. Re:Okay by WolfWithoutAClause · · Score: 1

      It's ok, nature's on to it. Some of the elephants are being born without feet.

      --

      -WolfWithoutAClause

      "Gravity is only a theory, not a fact!"
  6. It is part of a trend. by AtariAmarok · · Score: 4, Funny

    It is part of trend. Tens of thousands of years ago, elephants had 6 tusks instead of just 2.

    --
    Don't blame Durga. I voted for Centauri.
    1. Re:It is part of a trend. by vigilology · · Score: 1

      They didn't have abacuses back then either, apparently.

    2. Re:It is part of a trend. by AtariAmarok · · Score: 1

      Trouble counting?

      --
      Don't blame Durga. I voted for Centauri.
    3. Re:It is part of a trend. by vigilology · · Score: 1

      It was a lame joke :-(

    4. Re:It is part of a trend. by AtariAmarok · · Score: 1

      OK, just wondering if you missed the tiny tusks up near the eyes :)

      --
      Don't blame Durga. I voted for Centauri.
    5. Re:It is part of a trend. by Christopheles · · Score: 1

      That elepant clearly has at least 5 tusks.

  7. Interesting... by quark101 · · Score: 3, Interesting

    While the bacteria example has been around for a very long time and is commonly known, it is not very often that the same trend is extrapolated to the larger, more relavent world.

    What we have to ask ourselves though, is, are we doing this to any other animals as well? Forcing evolution, as it could be called? What will be the long term effects? Tuskless elephants is one thing, but there could potentially be something very dangerous coming, besides super bacteria, of course.

    1. Re:Interesting... by TheSloth2001ca · · Score: 4, Interesting

      This same phenomenon has been observed in lakes where extensive sport fishing takes place. Since either by regulations or due to the angler's behaviour the larger fish seem to have the most fishing pressure applied to them. Over time the abundance of large fish decline, and remain low even after many years where not fishing is permitted on the lake. What happens is those fish with the genetic disposition to grow very large have a much lower success rate when it comes to mating, and there fore the genes that allow fish to grow large become increasingly rare.

      --
      Just another crappy blog
    2. Re:Interesting... by christopherfinke · · Score: 2, Informative

      On CNN the other day, I heard this referred to as "survival of the fittest," which was one of the dumbest things I had heard in weeks. The anchor implied that because tuskless elephants used to be 5% of the elephant population and now they're 8%, this means that more elephants are being born with the tuskless gene, which could be completely false. If I have 100 elephants, 5 of them tuskless, and I kill 37 of the tusked elephants, 8% of the elephants are now tuskless - Darwin it ain't.

    3. Re:Interesting... by TykeClone · · Score: 1

      In some lakes, some species of fish are subject to a "slot limit" which says that if that fist is too small or too big, you have to throw it back - only fish in the "slot" between those two limits can be kept.

      --
      A fine is a tax you pay for doing wrong and a tax is a fine you pay for doing all right.
    4. Re:Interesting... by pclminion · · Score: 4, Informative
      What we have to ask ourselves though, is, are we doing this to any other animals as well? Forcing evolution, as it could be called?

      I have to strongly object to your terminology. Evolution is not an entity or process which can be "forced" into anything. It is simply an observation about what happens in the world.

      "Selective pressure" is an incredibly loaded term which anthropomorphizes what's really happening. In this case, what is happening with the elephants is that the ones with tusks are being killed off, and the ones without tusks are not (and it's not any more complicated than that). There is nothing putting "pressure" on the elephants to lose their tusks. The mutations are random and happen without respect to environmental changes. It is the environment which makes some of these mutations more or less favorable but it is not the cause of those mutations.

      Suppose you wanted to "force" humans to evolve gills, like fish. Suppose that you did this by rounding up everybody who did not have gills, and drowning them. Do you think this procedure has any chance in hell of causing humans to start growing gills? The reason why not, is that the sort of mutation that could cause that is extremely complex and almost infinitely unlikely. But in the case of the elephants, the tuskless phenotype was present even before the advent of modern hunting.

      Evolution has no will, no path, no agenda, no nothing. It can't be forced, pressured, coerced, etc.

    5. Re:Interesting... by pclminion · · Score: 1
      What happens is those fish with the genetic disposition to grow very large have a much lower success rate when it comes to mating, and there fore the genes that allow fish to grow large become increasingly rare.

      But it takes time for fish to grow that large -- they aren't born that way. Surely they must have a chance to reproduce in their earlier years, before they grow to a more enticing size? This theory has a slight ring of truth to it, but I don't think it's cut and dry.

    6. Re:Interesting... by TheSloth2001ca · · Score: 1

      well the anchor was half right. what happens over time is that elephants with no tusks are able to repoduce in high numbers (due to the lack of elephants with tusks) and they pass they tuskless genes in ever greater numbers to the next generation, thus increasing the amount of tuskless elephants. It can be considered Darwinism, but we must look at poaching as a selective pressure on the population. this does not make it acceptable as a chief concern amongst many biologists in the loss of biodiversity, which includes genetic diversity, and that is what is being lost here

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      Just another crappy blog
    7. Re:Interesting... by TheSloth2001ca · · Score: 1

      yes this is one regulation that has been used to mediate this problem, however the more complex regulations become the less likely to be followed.

      --
      Just another crappy blog
    8. Re:Interesting... by TheSloth2001ca · · Score: 1

      But it takes time for fish to grow that large -- they aren't born that way. Surely they must have a chance to reproduce in their earlier years, before they grow to a more enticing size? This theory has a slight ring of truth to it, but I don't think it's cut and dry.

      This is not always the case as fish come to sexual maturity at a certain age. In certain species there can be a large variation in the size of the fish as it enters sexual maturity. in these species the large fish will have a lower success rate in mating so the "large" genes will become less abundant in the population

      --
      Just another crappy blog
    9. Re:Interesting... by TheSloth2001ca · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Evolution has no will, no path, no agenda, no nothing. It can't be forced, pressured, coerced, etc.

      However by modifying the selective pressures we can have large influences on the directions of evolution. While humans did not create the tuskless phenotype we are contributing to its increase in abundance

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      Just another crappy blog
    10. Re:Interesting... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Interesting

      I wouldn't call it "forcing evolution".

      However, it definitely happens in other areas. In Pennsylvania for instance, the hunting of Turkeys by making a fake gobbling sound so that they respond to you as they come closer, has gone on for so long that in some areas male turkeys don't respond to the call -- if anything, they will silently sneak up on a female call, but that's it.

      Some selection for traits can also be observed in areas where people "trophy hunt", selecting deer to kill based on the size of the antlers instead of taking at random for food.

    11. Re:Interesting... by TuringTest · · Score: 2, Insightful

      are we doing this to any other animals as well?

      Dogs? Cats? Cows? Sheep? We've been doing it to pets for millenia, and it has not been harmful (at least not always).

      --
      Singularity: a belief in the "God" idea with the "demiurge" relation inverted.
    12. Re:Interesting... by pclminion · · Score: 1
      However by modifying the selective pressures we can have large influences on the directions of evolution. While humans did not create the tuskless phenotype we are contributing to its increase in abundance

      I agree. I am only raising an objection to the terminology.

    13. Re:Interesting... by Frumious+Wombat · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Selective pressure is how we breed various domestic animals. It's simply shorthand for saying, "desirable ones get to breed, and the rest are terminated and/or eaten". Natural examples would be long-term desertification (animals and plants that have genes causing them to be more efficient with water live long enough to breed), or salination (if you have genes which allow you to sequester, transport, or otherwise control salt, then you'll survive long enough to breed and pass on those genes).

      Several years ago, as the SU was breaking up, it was reported that a breeder in their fur industry had been selecting for docile foxes. Over a period of about 40 years, he had not only achieved the desired trait, but in the process the animals snouts had shortened, their ears flopped, and their tails had acquired a curve. These other traits, which had been linked, but not actively selected for, are those which help distinguish domestic dogs from wild dogs.

      Starting in the 1920s the Heck brothers in Germany had tried the reverse with trying to undomesticate european cattle, in an attempt to bring back the Auroch. The result, the Heck Cattle, do have some resemblence to the Auroch, but this is probably coincidental, as the modern european stock they started from descends from the middle-east, and did not (apparently) interbreed much with the Auroch. They still got a wild-looking bovine with many of the appropriate traits.

      So, you can apply positive pressure (anything that looks like an Auroch gets to breed) or negative (anything that looks like a grand piano plus a few rack of billiard balls gets shot), but in the end it is simply that the expressed and perpetuated genome in the population is dependent upon those circumstances related to its being successfully transmitted. It's still evolution, but for once anthropomorphizing the source of the selective pressure is correct; someone made a decision about what kind of environment those animals would live in, but they made no conscious decision on how to respond. Nobody gets up one morning and says, "i'm going to evolve out of this elephantine lifestyle today".

      --
      the more accurate the calculations became, the more the concepts tended to vanish into thin air. R. S. Mulliken
    14. Re:Interesting... by Waffle+Iron · · Score: 1
      Some selection for traits can also be observed in areas where people "trophy hunt", selecting deer to kill based on the size of the antlers instead of taking at random for food.

      Also, it appears that in the areas where deer are mainly hunted for food, the proportion of meatless deer has started to increase.

    15. Re:Interesting... by dalutong · · Score: 1

      Dogs? Cats? Cows? Sheep? We've been doing it to pets for millenia, and it has not been harmful (at least not always).

      Not harmful?

      Look at german shepards -- most are crippled in old age thanks to excessive breeding.

      --

      What comes first, finding a teacher or becoming a student?
    16. Re:Interesting... by jericho4.0 · · Score: 1
      The foxes were bred at the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, in a long term experiment designed to test the hypothesis that domestication is actually prolonged infantilism. Dmitry Belyaev was the researcher.

      After the fall, the institutes funding was cut drastically, and the future of the foxes was threatened, as the 400 they had were too few to stay genetically healthy. AFAIK, the foxes are spread quite widely today.

      Here's an indepth paper.

      --
      "A language that doesn't affect the way you think about programming, is not worth knowing" - Alan Perlis
    17. Re:Interesting... by SimilarityEngine · · Score: 1

      And don't forget the poor bulldog (scroll down to the Health section), which is now such a genetic mess that they have to rely human intervention in order to survive (the pups are usually delivered by c-section due to their large heads).

      --
      Those who can make you believe absurdities can make you commit atrocities. - Voltaire
    18. Re:Interesting... by SimilarityEngine · · Score: 1

      There is an interesting article here (PDF) that describes how northen cod in southern Labrador and eastern Newfoundland fisheries suffered as a result of maturing at ever-earlier ages/smaller sizes (a trend caused by the way the fisheries were managed).

      --
      Those who can make you believe absurdities can make you commit atrocities. - Voltaire
    19. Re:Interesting... by Dachannien · · Score: 1

      In Russia, some scientists have discovered through selective breeding of foxes that it doesn't take very long for a significant change in an animal population to occur. They managed to obtain domesticated foxes within four decades and 30-some-odd generations. They also discovered that, while selecting solely based on behavioral traits in an attempt to get domesticated foxes, the foxes also developed traits such as unusual splotchy coloring and other dog-like features.

      It's also been suggested that splotchy patterns on a lot of domesticated animals (cows, horses, dogs, cats) are the result of physical traits being developed that are genetically linked to domestication.

    20. Re:Interesting... by pclminion · · Score: 1
      northen cod in southern Labrador and eastern Newfoundland fisheries suffered as a result of maturing at ever-earlier ages/smaller sizes (a trend caused by the way the fisheries were managed).

      I don't understand your use of "suffered." The fish seem to be evolving to be able to evade the fishing nets. Instead of ending up on people's dinner plates, they are still swimming in the sea. Don't you see this is a good example of a species evolving to fit its changing environment?

      As people, we look at the circumstances and say "It's a shame things are changing," but that's just our humanity speaking. One of the things the Buddha got right was that human suffering derives from a fear of change. But I'm 99.9% certain that the fish don't care whatsoever (or suffer, for that matter).

    21. Re:Interesting... by stanmann · · Score: 1

      Lucky dogs.

      I know many people who would love to breed excessively.

      --
      Food not Bombs is a nice platitude but it breaks down when you notice that the Bombees are usually well fed
    22. Re:Interesting... by ate50eggs · · Score: 1

      "forcing evolution" is a misleading term, but the parent thread's question is still valid. to re-phrase:

      are we inadvertantly selecting for traits in other species?

      put this way, it pretty obvious that the answer is yes. i guess the real question is: are we doing it to animals that most people will recognize and care about, and are we affecting them in ways we can see?

      the parent thread really down-plays the importance of our accidental artificial selection of bacteria. this is way more relevant to human life than tuskless elephants.

      --
      not everything is a science experiment!
    23. Re:Interesting... by Retric · · Score: 1

      I think your missing a large part of the picture. There are other factors which caused the development of large fish. This implies by forcing them to adapt to a smaller size they are less well suited to their natural environment. Thus, while a fish might not notice it's smaller the species is probably suffering because of its smaller average size.

    24. Re:Interesting... by Doc+Ruby · · Score: 1

      Elephant tusks are more relevant than infectious bacteria, resistant plague superbugs? To the elephants, maybe.

      --

      --
      make install -not war

    25. Re:Interesting... by Doc+Ruby · · Score: 1

      The fish didn't suffer (except those who wriggled to death in a net, contributing to evolution by dying before spawning). The fisheries suffered, collapsing when the evolved fish breed became too small to be worth catching. It's the humans in the food chain who are vulnerable.

      BTW, does a fish have the buddha-nature? Bloobwoop.

      --

      --
      make install -not war

    26. Re:Interesting... by pclminion · · Score: 1

      Whoops. I read "fisheries" as "fish" for some reason :-)

    27. Re:Interesting... by pclminion · · Score: 1
      Thus, while a fish might not notice it's smaller the species is probably suffering because of its smaller average size.

      Clearly not, because if getting smaller were a disadvantage, it wouldn't be happening. What you mean is that if human fishing was removed from the picture, the fish might no longer be adapted to their environment. Well, yes. But if they could adapt in such a short time to the pressures of modern fishing, chances are they can adapt back to a more "natural" state in a comparable amount of time.

    28. Re:Interesting... by alan_dershowitz · · Score: 1

      What the hell, your post doesn't even make sense.

      "selected pressure" is perfectly anthropomorphic, and appropriate. HUMANS are the direct and single cause of tusked elephants being driven to extinction. No one is saying that humans are "mutating" elephants to have no tusks, and nothing is insinuating it. They are saying that dead-ass elephants don't fucking BREED, so their unique genetic attributes are not retained. "survival of the fittest", doesn't say anything about forcing mutation in there, does it?

      Your analogy is stupid because there are no humans with gills! There are tusked elephants, and elephants without tusks, as you admit, which makes it so very easy to "force" evolution.

      Evolution has no "agenda", but like hell it can't be coerced. By its very DEFINITION it's a process, and I don't see where you get that it's not. What the fuck are we "observing" then?

      Evolution: The change in life over time by adaptation, variation, over-reproduction, and differential survival/reproduction.

      Evolution is change, and I'm pretty sure that going from tusked elephants to no tusked elephants counts as a "change". I agree with you that it's not inherently an intelligent process, but humans can sure as hell influence it, which is all anyone was saying. Your post is extremely defensive about I don't know what, exactly.

    29. Re:Interesting... by Retric · · Score: 1

      No. By introducing fishing your making a more difficult environment for the species to survive in. Humans have hunted a lot of species to extinction and it's not about weather they can adapt to us so much as can they deal with us and the rest of their environment because it may be a lot harder to be a small fish in the ocean that does not have to worry about man than it was to be a large fish before we showed up.

  8. Rapa Nui by Elwood+P+Dowd · · Score: 1

    Heh. I just googled for a link on Rapa Nui history to post in response to the "last tusked elephant" comment before I followed the link and discovered that was mentioned in the first sentence of the article.

    Some versions I've heard of the story indicate that the statues were built to praise the bird-man who would bring back the birds and the trees to the island. So they were cutting down their last trees in an effort to fix their environment. Dunno if that's the way it really played out.

    --

    There are no trails. There are no trees out here.
  9. Re:FP! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Somebody mod this funny. What a pun!

  10. I welcome it. by AtariAmarok · · Score: 3, Funny

    I welcome it, just like seedless watermelons. The dang tusks keep getting caught in my cheek, and you never can find a good place to spit them out without seeming like a total slob.

    --
    Don't blame Durga. I voted for Centauri.
    1. Re:I welcome it. by TheSloth2001ca · · Score: 1

      I find seedless watermelon to not taste worse than the old fashion seedfull kind. Also have u thought about how they "plant" new watermelon plants??? They do it by cloning them (very easy to do with some plants), which lowers their genetic diversity. Why is this bad??? Look at what is happening to banana plants. Bananas have been seedless for a long time, and new plants are just cloned from old plants overtime this has lowered the genetic diversity of the banana plants and now there is a pathogen that is spreading across many banana plantations and the plants have no natural resistance to this pathogen, that genotype was lost when they started cloning because it did not grow as fast and produce as many bananas as the genotype that was not resistant

      --
      Just another crappy blog
    2. Re:I welcome it. by arodland · · Score: 2, Funny

      so one time i was reading slashdot and there was this guy who was writing some crap about bananas or something and he grafted his sentences onto each other without using any kind of punctuation or anything and i think that he must have cloned his sentences or something and i got really bored reading it but then i thought wouldn't it be cool if i wrote a reply so i started typing

      so one time i was reading slashdot...

  11. Poacher of the last tusk by duffbeer703 · · Score: 2, Funny

    Damn, I'm going to be rich.

    --
    Conformity is the jailer of freedom and enemy of growth. -JFK
    1. Re:Poacher of the last tusk by AtariAmarok · · Score: 1
      "Poacher of the last tusk...Damn, I'm going to be rich."

      The last tusk will be less than 3 millimeters long. Rich? I spit on the notion.

      --
      Don't blame Durga. I voted for Centauri.
  12. Oh no! by supersocialist · · Score: 1

    Godzilla is coming!!!

  13. Tuskless elephant jokes by AtariAmarok · · Score: 3, Funny
    Q: How do you shoot a blue tuskless elephant?
    A: With a blue tuskless elephant gun, of course.

    Q: How do you shoot a yellow tuskless elephant?
    A: Have you ever seen a yellow tuskless elephant?

    Q: What did Tarzan say when he saw the tuskless elephants coming over the hill?
    A: "Here come the tuskless elephants over the hill!"

    Q: How do you tell if there have been tuskless elephants in your refrigerator?
    A: Footprints in the peanut butter, and no rips in the saran wrap.

    Q: What did Charles de Gaulle say when he saw three tuskless elephants in sunglasses coming down the path?
    A: Ribbit.

    Q: What did Jane say when she saw the tuskless elephants over the hill?
    A: "Here come a bunch of grapes over the hill". She was colorblind.

    Q: How do you get down off an tuskless elephant?
    A: You don't. You get down off a duck.

    --
    Don't blame Durga. I voted for Centauri.
    1. Re:Tuskless elephant jokes by RobertB-DC · · Score: 2, Funny

      This seems to be the appropriate thread for this:

      One morning I shot an elephant in my pajamas. How he got in my pajamas, I don't know.

      Then we tried to remove the tusks. The tusks. That's not so easy to say. Tusks. You try it some time.

      As I say, we tried to remove the tusks. But they were embedded so firmly we couldn't budge them. Of course, in Alabama the Tuscaloosa, but that is entirely ir-elephant to what I was talking about.

      Groucho Marx, Animal Crackers

      --
      Stressed? Me? Of course not. Stress is what a rubber band feels before it breaks, silly.
  14. This one is bound to cause controversy by FidelCatsro · · Score: 3, Insightful

    I have advocated this before , but one sure way to stiff up the elephant populations and to eliminate illegal poaching is to create elephant farms.
    In doing so we create a reputable ivory trade , a great source of work for the local communities ,a new source of food and a strong elephant population.
    I am not talking about factory farming as i find that disgusting , It should be rather free range .
    It could also double as a safari trip , ivory could be harvested via profitable hunts (then sold on , including selling of the meat) .

    --
    The only things certain in war are Propaganda and Death. You can never be sure which is which though
    1. Re:This one is bound to cause controversy by TheSloth2001ca · · Score: 1

      an easier way would be to ask the poacher why they poach??? Most poachers are very poor, and only poach because they want things like food water and shelter, if these are provided then poaching can be reduced significantly. The problem with elephant farms are that elephants have huge home ranges and eat lots of food, I cannot image that elephant farms would be feasible, but if they are I do not see this as a bad thing. It's no different than cow farms.

      --
      Just another crappy blog
    2. Re:This one is bound to cause controversy by molo · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Why not just harvest the ivory when the elephant develops maturely sized tusks, instead of killing the animal?

      -molo

      --
      Using your sig line to advertise for friends is lame.
    3. Re:This one is bound to cause controversy by QuantumG · · Score: 1

      Call me crazy, but isn't it possible that some smart cookie could extract the gene that is responsible for making tusks and insert that gene into another animals? Then we could have cows with tusks and the dairy farmers could boost their profits with ivory sales. It also means I could have a pet cat that looked like a sabre tooth tiger.

      --
      How we know is more important than what we know.
    4. Re:This one is bound to cause controversy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      National parks have shown themselves quite effective at keeping elephants alive - as it happens, several countries in Africa are advocating a partial return to trading in elephant parts (ivory, skin and meat) given the booming populations in their national parks. Whereas with elephant farming, the economic motive which leads to the factory farming of other animals would still apply.

      Take a look at
      http://www.economist.com/science/displayStory.cfm? story_id=1131245

      Closing in for the kill?
      May 16th 2002 | TSAVO
      From The Economist print edition

      After a decade of quiet, ivory poaching has started again in Kenya

      HEAPED together, tail to trunk, ten dead elephants lie stinking in the Kenyan sun. Their last panicked huddle made them a convenient target. The poachers who killed them, though, had no such instinct. They left behind five dead men, scattered along a 150km trail. The rest, including at least one who was badly wounded, limped back to Somalia, to report on the latest skirmish of the ivory war.

      This slaughter of man and beast, in Tsavo East National Park last month, was Kenya's bloodiest poaching incident since 1987. But there could soon be worse. After a decade of mostly negligible poaching, large numbers of elephants are again being killed in the country. The Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS) found 57 killed for their ivory last year, and 18 in the past month alone. Six black rhinos have also been taken in recent months--the first for over a decade. And these finds, the KWS admits, may represent less than 15% of the total.

      The international ivory trade has been illegal since 1989. Initially, that ban caused a market collapse. Now, the markets are recovering. The penchant of European tourists in Asia for ivory earrings and phalluses is helping to fuel demand. According to a recent report by Save the Elephants, a Kenya-based research organisation and lobby group, up to 80% of Asian elephant populations have been poached in the past 14 years in order to carve such knick-knacks. Africa's herds are making up the shortfall. On camel-back and bare shoulders, tusks are being ferried along ancient caravan routes from central Africa to Khartoum's souks. There, ivory prices have reached a 13-year high.

      Such rising demand is one reason why poaching is picking up. Another is an expectation that the trade ban may be lifted, at least partly, at a meeting in November of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), which governs such matters.

      Kenya's elephant population is still in a precarious state. The country's herds were cut from 167,000 in 1973 to 16,000 in 1989, and have recovered only a little since then. Those in Botswana, Namibia and South Africa, however, are booming. These countries, along with Zimbabwe, whose elephant herd is in a more questionable condition, are lobbying to start trading in elephant products (mainly ivory, but also skins and meat) once again.

      Even a minimal legal trade would encourage a massive illegal trade, in the view of Kenya's government

      They are not asking for the ban to be lifted completely. Countries that wanted to keep their herds unculled could continue to shelter under the protection that CITES can offer: it would still be illegal to trade in elephant products from such countries in any place that had signed the convention. Kenya nevertheless opposes the southern Africans. The Kenyans do not have surplus elephants to trade, and they want to keep those they do have to encourage tourism. The government's view--shared less vociferously by Tanzania--is that even a minimal legal trade would encourage a massive illegal trade.

      That belief is supported by anecdotal evidence, but it is difficult to prove. The failure of CITES to set up a proposed database known as MIKE (Monitoring the Illegal Killing of Elephants) leaves the matter open to debate. MIKE was supposed to include biennial sur

    5. Re:This one is bound to cause controversy by SEE · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Farming qua farming doesn't work so well with elephants, but South Africa already has a program where limited culls for ivory are allowed to those who set aside part of their land for elephants and other wildlife. Zimbabwe had a similar program, but with the recent wave of land seizures the system there has broken down. Kenya is strongly opposed, arguing that poached ivory would be laundered through legal ivory stocks.

    6. Re:This one is bound to cause controversy by rehannan · · Score: 1

      I imagine it's a lot easier to cut tusks off of a dead elephant... It'd be one hell of a ride otherwise Ye ha!

    7. Re:This one is bound to cause controversy by EMH_Mark3 · · Score: 1

      muehehe
      'Awww what a cute kitten.. Did you have it de-tusked yet?'

      --
      Burn the land and boil the sea, you can't take the sky from me
    8. Re:This one is bound to cause controversy by identity0 · · Score: 1

      Farming is not really possible with elephants. Jared Diamond's series on PBS, Guns, germs and steel mentioned in one episode that elephants have never successfully been farmed. They have work elephants in India, but they have to be caught in the wild and domesticated.

      It might be possible on a free range farm the size of a huge park, but then it'd be the same thing as a nature preserve, and you might as well let them live.

      Besides, do we really need a reputable ivory trade? I don't think billiard balls and piano keys are really worth killing elephants for.

    9. Re:This one is bound to cause controversy by DarkZero · · Score: 1


      I have advocated this before , but one sure way to stiff up the elephant populations and to eliminate illegal poaching is to create elephant farms.
      In doing so we create a reputable ivory trade , a great source of work for the local communities ,a new source of food and a strong elephant population.
      I am not talking about factory farming as i find that disgusting , It should be rather free range .
      It could also double as a safari trip , ivory could be harvested via profitable hunts (then sold on , including selling of the meat) .


      This is functionally no different than the argument that things like iTunes Music Service are going to make piracy go away. If you're a pirate, and you're downloading lossless FLAC or Monkey's Audio encodes of whole CDs for free every day, and you're not really getting hassled about it, are you going to switch over to iTunes and pay $10 for the same CDs, but now with the industry-mandated amounts of DRM attached, just so you can be a "good boy"?

      No, you aren't.

      Similarly, if you're in the ivory trade right now, you're not going to switch over to a legal, morally justifiable way of "farming" ivory. At best, you can only hope to get the same returns you're getting now (just like a lossless FLAC encode versus a lossless AAC encode), but with much more hassle and greater overall expenses. If you're already an ivory poacher, would you go through all that just to "do the right thing"? Probably not. Most music pirates aren't even willing to pay $10 a CD to "do the right thing" and feel better about themselves, so I doubt most ivory poachers are going to go through the hassle of setting up an ivory farm just to get that "Look Ma, I'm a good citizen" feeling.

      If farming ivory were somehow monumentally better in terms of time spent and money gained for the people who are currently poachers, they'll start farming ivory. But I doubt that will ever happen.

    10. Re:This one is bound to cause controversy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      > Why not just harvest the ivory when the elephant
      > develops maturely sized tusks, instead of killing
      > the animal?

      Tusks don't drop off like deer antlers.

      You're talking about catching a wild animal, performing major surgery, then returning it to the wild.

    11. Re:This one is bound to cause controversy by molo · · Score: 1

      You're talking about catching a wild animal, performing major surgery, then returning it to the wild.

      Not quite. They tranquilize elephants all the time for wildlife research. While the elephant is down, cover its eyes and take a saws-all to its tusk. No soft tissue damage is required.

      -molo

      --
      Using your sig line to advertise for friends is lame.
    12. Re:This one is bound to cause controversy by nyrk · · Score: 1

      In practice that does not work. If you pay the poacher not to poach, they take the money, and poach anyways. Human nature. Give them a real job 60 hour work weeks, stock options, saddle them with some debt, kids in private school. etc. and then when they come home from work, they will be too tired to poach. I am being tongue in cheak here, but their economic situation is a bit more complex. Just giving them food and water will not make poaching go away

    13. Re:This one is bound to cause controversy by Doc+Ruby · · Score: 1

      Elephant firearms. A little competition would really tone up the market for bones.

      --

      --
      make install -not war

    14. Re:This one is bound to cause controversy by FidelCatsro · · Score: 1

      No its a different argument , i ivory is farmed it suddenly becomes rather cheap , this will push the ivory poachers out of the market , as honestly they are not cheap.
      Ivory does not come free unlike Copyright infringement .

      --
      The only things certain in war are Propaganda and Death. You can never be sure which is which though
  15. Realities Priorities by kenp2002 · · Score: 3, Interesting

    The fact that actions like this occur is more then likely based on immediate circumstances rather then a long drawn out through process. If I am staving and I find some apples the fact that I could take the apples and plant the seeds and have even more apples is more then likely going to be eclipsed by my immediate need to eat and the real necessity to hunt and gather NOW rather then farm LATER. Concerning the last tree, they may have cut it down for the immediate need of getting a fishing boat in order to eat NOW rather then the fact that there are no more trees to build boats LATER. In modern society, added with a touch of greed and self absorbtion, you get people who satisfy their needs (real or perceived) NOW rather then their kids needs LATER. Look at how many retire in their old age, no planning for LATER.

    Nothing suprising here... move along...

    --
    -=[ Who Is John Galt? ]=-
    1. Re:Realities Priorities by TheSloth2001ca · · Score: 1

      agreed. mod him up!!! Poachers tend to be quite poor, and need money for stuff like food, water and shelter give them that and poaching will decrease

      --
      Just another crappy blog
    2. Re:Realities Priorities by haggar · · Score: 5, Interesting

      My simple objection is that poachers are not starving. They are members of organized crime gangs, often so powerful to be able to challenge the state institutions themselves. Poaching is a sistematic process, and it's very "well" tought out: the reason why poachers don't plan for the future (i.e. why they poach all they can and to hell sustainability) is because poaching gangs are compiting against each other. It's a destructive logic, and it makes me revolt, but it's logic.

      --
      Sigged!
    3. Re:Realities Priorities by TheSloth2001ca · · Score: 1

      While there is alot of money in poaching, the ones acctually killing the elephants are most of the time quite poor

      --
      Just another crappy blog
    4. Re:Realities Priorities by 19thNervousBreakdown · · Score: 1

      Good point! Eliminate poverty and hunger, and our poaching problems are over!

      Thank God for you, TheSloth2001ca, you have saved the elephants.

      --
      <xml><I><am><so><damn>Web 2.0</damn></so></am></I></xml>
    5. Re:Realities Priorities by TheSloth2001ca · · Score: 1

      well sometimes the amount of money currently being spent on fighting poaching coudl achieve better results of it were used to combat the reasons behind the poaching. No the poaching problem would not go away, but it could be reduced

      --
      Just another crappy blog
    6. Re:Realities Priorities by KD5YPT · · Score: 1

      Unfortunately the majority of poaching have a profit motive behind them, not survival.

      There's actually a form of sanctioned "poaching" given to the Eskimos for whales (being that's their only viable food source, and McDonald isn't exactly a healthy food source). The same privilege is given to Japan, again on whales, for "research purposes" on "whale impact" in local fisheries (all of which became sushi, good research indeed).

      --
      In US, you can easily buy enough major firearms to wipe out your neighbourhood but a few little fireworks are banned.
    7. Re:Realities Priorities by jericho4.0 · · Score: 1
      I agree with the OP. Although there might be a few cases of hungry bread winners thinking it's a quick buck, I would guess it's very rare.

      Game wardens in many game parks are armed with machine guns, and shoot poachers on sight. Poachers, in turn, do the same. It's been like this for a while, and your average villager knows his chances are better robbing the corner store.

      --
      "A language that doesn't affect the way you think about programming, is not worth knowing" - Alan Perlis
  16. Economic solution: Ownership by jgardn · · Score: 1, Interesting

    If the Chinese could own elephant herds, this wouldn't be a problem. The owners would make sure that the elephants would grow appropriately and profitably. They would make sure that the beneficial attributes of the elephants would never disappear.

    Instead, today no one can own the Chinese elephants. And even if you do own them, you can't harvest the ivory in the tusks and sell them in a legitimate market. And because China is a communist society, sustainable profits are actively discouraged. Since no one owns the elephants, the tragedy of the commons is inevitable.

    Take, for instance, the massive herds of cattle owned across the world. Cattle have developed a neat trait to ensure their continued survival: They have the most valuable meat of all animals that are domesticated, and they do most of the work themselves. This makes cattle valuable to their owners, and ensures that each cow is going to see a long, healthy life, followed by a quick "harvesting". Cattle will never go extinct as long as they produce the tasty meat we so love and crave, and as long as people are allowed to own cattle and exploit them.

    The link to the Easter Island story is extremely relevant. The Easter Island people didn't have a sense of ownership of the trees. I don't know what they were thinking, and I don't think their descendents have a good clue either, but I can tell you that if they viewed the forest as an investment, and the things the forest produced as a valuable commodity that could be owned and bartered for, then the forest would still be there. I guess that somehow their society lost these basic rules and devolved into a free-for-all as people tried to provide for themselves in an increasingly barbaric society.

    --
    The radical sect of Islam would either see you dead or "reverted" to Islam.
    1. Re:Economic solution: Ownership by Mr.+Shiny+And+New · · Score: 1

      It's very difficult to own an elephant, in the sense that you own cattle. Cattle are domestic; no one has ever domesticated an elephant. Read Jared Diamond's Guns, Germs and Steel to see the explanation, but it boils down to this: animals need a certain combination of traits to be domesticated for farming, and if they lack one of those traits they are pretty much impossible to domistcate.

      Elephants are just not practical: they live too long and take too long to breed. Domesticating them would take several human generations, assuming nothing else went wrong. Just look at the trouble zoos have in breeding elephants.

    2. Re:Economic solution: Ownership by belg4mit · · Score: 1

      Are catch the new series on PBS (while it exists).
      First episode was last week and they went over that,
      but PBS tends to rerun. Check the website for you local schedule.

      --
      Were that I say, pancakes?
    3. Re:Economic solution: Ownership by vga_init · · Score: 1
      Cattle will never go extinct as long as they produce the tasty meat we so love and crave, and as long as people are allowed to own cattle and exploit them.

      Yeap. Those damned communists getting in the way of profit and exploitation again. I feel so sorry for the elephants.

    4. Re:Economic solution: Ownership by sgt101 · · Score: 1

      Yeah - this really worked for North American Buffalo

      --
      --------------------------------------------- "In the end, we're all just water and old stars."
    5. Re:Economic solution: Ownership by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      > If the Chinese could own elephant herds, this
      > wouldn't be a problem. The owners would make sure
      > that the elephants would grow appropriately and
      > profitably. They would make sure that the
      > beneficial attributes of the elephants would never
      > disappear.

      Nonsense. They're more likely to slaughter them all at once, take the money, and move to Las Vegas to become day traders.

    6. Re:Economic solution: Ownership by neurojab · · Score: 1

      Cattle will never go extinct as long as they produce the tasty meat we so love and crave, and as long as people are allowed to own cattle and exploit them.

      Wow. That's quite a screwed up way of looking at it. The animal that pre-dated the doestication of the cow was the Aurochs. That animal is extinct by the hand of Man. Now, all we have are the decendants of those animals that we specifically bred for their meat quality and milk quality. We have not preserved the animal in its original state, we have changed it significantly to suit us.

      Ownership does not necessarily promote conservation, it promotes change; just as the free market promotes change. Conservation and the free market are sometimes at odds, due to this fundamentally different view. That's why the Sierra club and the Republican party find themselves at odds a great deal of the time.

  17. What the poacher was thinking by Nice2Cats · · Score: 0, Troll
    ...and to invite us to ponder what the last poacher was thinking as he shot the last tusked elephant.

    "Maybe I can feed my family for one more week"?

    Sorry to say this, people, but some things in life are not that simple.

    1. Re:What the poacher was thinking by belg4mit · · Score: 1

      >"Maybe I can feed my family for one more week"?
      So I'll just leave 2 tons of fresh meat here to
      attract flies, hyenas and rot. Don't get me wrong,
      I'm not pro bush meat but your "logic" is astounding.

      --
      Were that I say, pancakes?
  18. Do you know what "survival" means? by Scrameustache · · Score: 4, Insightful

    On CNN the other day, I heard this referred to as "survival of the fittest," which was one of the dumbest things I had heard in weeks. The anchor implied that because tuskless elephants used to be 5% of the elephant population and now they're 8%, this means that more elephants are being born with the tuskless gene, which could be completely false. If I have 100 elephants, 5 of them tuskless, and I kill 37 of the tusked elephants, 8% of the elephants are now tuskless - Darwin it ain't.

    THIS was one of the dummest thing I've read in weeks.

    If you kill elephants, and some survive because of a genetic trait: It's survival of the fittest.
    In this case, the fittest being the ones less likely to be shot due to a genetic predisposition to refrain from growing big shiny tusk with high resale value.

    --

    You can't take the sky from me...

    1. Re:Do you know what "survival" means? by hackerjoe · · Score: 1

      You're missing the point.

      You're assuming tusklessness is a genetic trait -- how do you know for sure that it is? Maybe tuskless elephants are just as likely to have tusked offspring as tusked elephants. Not that this is likely, but let's rule out the wacky-but-possible first.

      Now here's the trick, you can't just say that tusklessness is passed on genetically because of the rise of tuskless elephants. As GP was pointing out, you get an increase in the incidence of tusklessness if you cull tusked elephants, even if it's not genetic. By itself the increase proves nothing; you have to do some statistics to figure out whether it's a genetically determined trait or just random.

    2. Re:Do you know what "survival" means? by RedWizzard · · Score: 2, Informative
      You're assuming tusklessness is a genetic trait -- how do you know for sure that it is? Maybe tuskless elephants are just as likely to have tusked offspring as tusked elephants. Not that this is likely, but let's rule out the wacky-but-possible first.
      It's either genetic or environmental. And it appears to be occuring in all elephant populations (asian, indian, african, et al). So if it's environmental, it's a very widepread but subtle change. The chances of it not being genetic are vanishingly small.

      Tuskless elephants giving birth to tusked offspring (if they do), means nothing: it could be that the trait is recessive.

      Now here's the trick, you can't just say that tusklessness is passed on genetically because of the rise of tuskless elephants. As GP was pointing out, you get an increase in the incidence of tusklessness if you cull tusked elephants, even if it's not genetic. By itself the increase proves nothing; you have to do some statistics to figure out whether it's a genetically determined trait or just random.
      The post you refered to made a critical error: the author assumed that the percentage mentioned is the percentage of living elephants without tusks. It's not. It's the percentage of elephants being born without tusks. So culling will have no impact on that figure.
    3. Re:Do you know what "survival" means? by Profane+MuthaFucka · · Score: 0, Flamebait

      Holy fuck you're a moron. He's talking about just the incidence of tusklessness in a current population, not the incidence of a gene in future populations.

      --
      Fascism trolls keeping me up every night. When I starts a preachin', he HITS ME WITH HIS REICH!
    4. Re:Do you know what "survival" means? by TCQuad · · Score: 1

      If you kill elephants, and some survive because of a genetic trait: It's survival of the fittest.

      To clarify, though, you're defining fittest in a narrow scope. Tusks serve a valuable purpose in the lives of elephants. For one, elephants use the tusks to scrape rocks (the one image I remember is scraping the top of a cave) and liberate necessary salts. These new tuskless variants will be unable to do this and their independent survival (without tusked brethen to liberate the salt for them) is questionable.

      What this really indicates is that evolution is willing to take a weakened existence for survival, even if this weakness is not viable for the long term; there is an intermediate step between "endangered" and "extinct" which cannot be captured in raw population numbers.

    5. Re:Do you know what "survival" means? by Scrameustache · · Score: 1

      To clarify, though, you're defining fittest in a narrow scope.

      Yup, the one Darwin meant.

      --

      You can't take the sky from me...

  19. A list of jokes has been moderated 'insightful' by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    This is the end
    My only friend, the end

    Of our elaborate plans, the end
    Of everything that stands, the end...

    1. Re:A list of jokes has been moderated 'insightful' by Baljet · · Score: 1

      Well, they sure aint funny... Why they got modded up I dont know...

  20. Don't mock by AtariAmarok · · Score: 1

    Don't mock me. I once accomplished a +5 Troll.

    --
    Don't blame Durga. I voted for Centauri.
  21. According to creationists... by cabalamat2 · · Score: 1

    The reason for the lack of tusks isn't evolution, it is evidence of an "Intelligent Designer".

    1. Re:According to creationists... by cashman73 · · Score: 2, Funny
      But,... But,... But,... the two elephants brought aboard Noah's Ark had tusks! I remember that from all those pictures of the Noah's Ark story from bible study school!!!! :-)

  22. Clear Genetic Proof? by Baljet · · Score: 1

    "This is, of course, a possibility, but till now there is no clear genetic proof that it can occur," Vivek Menon, executive director of the Wildlife Trust of India, was quoted as saying. But hasn't your population balance just changed? So surely you now have less 'tusked' genes available in the pool?

  23. They did it with alligators by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
    If farming ivory were somehow monumentally better in terms of time spent and money gained for the people who are currently poachers, they'll start farming ivory. But I doubt that will ever happen.

    Your statement shows ignorance of what happened with alligators. What the GF post proposed doing with elephants has been done with alligators in the Mississippi Delta. Poachers threatened to drive the Alligator extinct, and the US government's solution was to sponsor alligator farms, and make alligator meat and hides so ridiculously cheap, that poaching was not profitable.

    The reason that the alligator poachers never joined in the action is because unlike poaching, starting alligator farms requires a lot of capital, and I'm not sure if it was even profitable. All I know is that it was deemed more cost effective than shutting down poachers.

    I'm not saying that the same solution can be done with elephants though; I'd imagine that it is much more costly to farm elephants than it is to farm alligators. Hence, it is possible that it might not be as easy to undercut elephant poachers than it is to undercut alligator poachers. But that is a separate question.

  24. Safty First by Tachikoma · · Score: 1

    Relax...this is all a grand scheme by the Ministries of Transportation in countries that have native Elephants to improve the safety of their taxi system(s)

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    i don't care
  25. Mod Parent Funny by Valdrax · · Score: 1

    Best. Satire. Ever.

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    If it's for-profit but free, you're not the customer -- you're the product (e.g., the Slashdot Beta's "audience").