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Australian Science Makes the Regenerating Mouse

FruFox writes "Australian scientists have created mice which can regenerate absolutely any tissue except for the tissues of the brain. Heart, lungs, entire limbs, you name it. This is the first time this has been seen in mammals. The potential implications are positively mammoth. I thought this warranted attention. :)"

38 of 762 comments (clear)

  1. Start building better mousetraps! by richie2000 · · Score: 4, Funny
    The potential implications are positively mammoth.

    Yeah, it means we have to aim for the head when the monster-mice attack. Personally, I welcome our new genetically modified near-unkillable regenerative mice overlords.

    That aside, I first thought they had made a computer mouse that generated power when moved á la regenerative braking in electrical cars.

    --
    Money for nothing, pix for free
  2. Re:unacceptable! by wardude · · Score: 5, Funny

    The body piercing people are going to hate this.

  3. Re:unacceptable! by Patrik_AKA_RedX · · Score: 4, Funny

    The Union of Science Fiction Writers? Must be frustrating having your best ideas copied by reality so often.

  4. I don't suppose by el_womble · · Score: 4, Funny

    They called it Wolverine did they?

    --
    Scared of flying, pointy things snce 1979!
  5. Wrong countries by Zirjin · · Score: 5, Informative

    The slashdot summary says Australian scientists, but the article says "US Research Lab" and US based researchers. Unless there is some information that I am missing, I would say that this was a US breakthrough.

    1. Re:Wrong countries by ozmanjusri · · Score: 5, Funny

      Unless there is some information that I am missing, I would say that this was a US breakthrough.

      Yes, true, but the linked article was in an Australiam newspaper. That makes it an Australiam discovery, based on the little known "mention us in print and it's ours" clause of the Aus-US free trade agreement.

      --
      "I've got more toys than Teruhisa Kitahara."
    2. Re:Wrong countries by aussie_a · · Score: 4, Funny

      The slashdot summary says Australian scientists

      No, the slashdot title sayd Australian science, while the summary says Australiam scientists.

      Obviously this was a New Zealander who submitted this, pretending to be an Australian to make us all look stupid.

    3. Re:Wrong countries by madaxe42 · · Score: 5, Funny

      Actually, it says 'Australiam', not 'Australian'. Everybody knows that Australiam is another word for 'American', used by peruvian moose hunters living in Berlin, while wearing their kitten-skin hats.

  6. amazing by Polybius · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Could this be used in conjunction with other gene therapy to reverse birth defects in people like ectrodactyl hands. Cut them off and make them regenerate as a normal hand? Or entire new arms for Thalidomide babies? Would someone blind from birth generate the ability to see or is that too heavily dependant on brain tissue?

    1. Re:amazing by Jonathan · · Score: 5, Informative

      Could this be used in conjunction with other gene therapy to reverse birth defects in people like ectrodactyl hands. Cut them off and make them regenerate as a normal hand? Or entire new arms for Thalidomide babies?

      In theory yes -- most birth defects have no genetic basis (that's why "thalidomide babies" have perfectly normal children themselves) -- it isn't the information in their DNA that is damaged but rather the fact that their cells were misassembled during development in the womb.

    2. Re:amazing by Dasher42 · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Remember, evolution doesn't necessarily favor the fittest. It favors the most readily reproducible. It's also lossy. When you rely on one major advantage to get by, others can deteriorate.

    3. Re:amazing by radtea · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Is there some nasty side effect that makes it better to NOT have this ability and put up with loss of limbs, and other damage?

      There is another mechanism for dealing with major injuries: development of scar tissue. Scaring happens much faster and takes fewer resources than regeneration. There appears to be an anti-correlation between scaring and regeneration: animals that scar don't regenerate and vice-versa, so there may be some overloading of the genes that control both processes, making them mutually incompatible.

      Given that survivable loss of limbs and survivable loss of internal organs is a relatively rare occurence for most mammals, it is likely that scaring has been favoured over regeneration in our evolutionary history as it is the mechanism that gives injured organisms the greatest chance of survival.

      In particular, mammals lead active lives because we are warm blooded, and therefore need to hunt/scavange/forage regularly for food to keep our body temperature stable. This means that rapid healing is a big advantage, so scaring is favoured. Modern reptile are cold-blooded, and therefore can sustain much longer periods without food, making them more able to take the time out of their busy schedule to regenerate.

      --
      Blasphemy is a human right. Blasphemophobia kills.
  7. Finally! by kote-men-do · · Score: 5, Funny

    Now I can just retire and keep selling kidneys on eBay!

  8. Mouseman by EnsilZah · · Score: 5, Funny

    So if one of those bites me do i become mouseman?
    Do i get the amazing ability to pee all over the place and crawl into small spaces?
    Or do i need to irradiate it first?

  9. Zombie mice! by phoenix321 · · Score: 4, Funny

    Since Australia already has a huge problem with billions of unwanted rodents, rabbits, rats and mice in particular, I don't know what the advent of zombie creatures will bring them now. Oh yes, they will never leave the lab. That's what they want us to believe.

    Not to be fearful again, but ahem, do we really need mammals that can only be killed by headshots? Don't these guys ever learn from zombie movies? Think of the CHILDREN!!! I guess it's time to zip over to S-Mart and grab a shotgun, because I KNOW some mouse will sooner or later BITE one of the scientists and then all hell breaks loose.

    Anyone seen Bruce Campbell lately? We might need him.

  10. Re:finally by Patrik_AKA_RedX · · Score: 4, Informative

    Don't get your hopes up. Medical break throughs tend to take a quite long time before they reach a hospital near you. (think Duke4Ever timescales) Thing is that medical research requires so many experiments to prove it is really save for use on humans, before it is allowed to be used in hospitals.

  11. He's correct....US based by deft · · Score: 4, Informative

    The only thing about this news that's Australian is the name of the paper you decided to link the story from.

    A search for the researchers name comes up with her working at Penn State, in the good ol' U.S.A.

    "Heber-Katz, who is also an adjunct professor in the pathology and laboratory medicine department at Penn's School of Medicine, now devotes about 80 percent of her time to mapping the gene loci that confer these unique regeneration properties and analyzing their patterns of expression."

    --

    There's nothing Intelligent about Intelligent Design.
  12. Oversights by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

    Couple of errors in the summary:

    The lab responsible is in the US not Australia, even though the report comes from The Australian. The paper isn't that parochial, you know.

    Also, it sounds like a serendipitous discovery rather than intentional creation. Not that there's anything wrong with that.

    As the work doesn't appear to have been published yet, my guess is that it will turn out to be a bit less remarkable than it currently sounds.

    1. Re:Oversights by Daemonic · · Score: 5, Funny
      it sounds like a serendipitous discovery
      Indeed - they just suddenly noticed mice were regenerating. For all we know the mice evolved entirely on their own to overcome their environment of scientists poking holes in them all the time!

      Of course, now all future regenerating mice, and possibly all future regenerating people are going to have the genes of perhaps one single originator mouse....

      <chant>We believe in one mouse, the rejuvenator all mighty - progenitor of mankind on earth...</chant> Praise be to squeaky.

  13. Old news and not from Australia!?! by sidney · · Score: 4, Informative
    The Wistar Institute is in the US and the publication list on this topic at the lead researcher's page goes from 1998 to 2003.

    So what makes this new or Australian?

    Desquenne Clark, L., Clark, R., and Heber-Katz, E. 1998. A new model for mammalian wound repair and regeneration. Clin. Imm. and Immunopath. 88: 35-45.

    McBrearty, B.A., Desquenne-Clark, L., Zhang, X-M., Blankenhorn, E.P., and Heber-Katz, E. 1998. Genetic analysis of a mammalian wound healing trait. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 95: 11792 - 11797.

    Heber-Katz, E. 1999. The regenerating mouse ear. Seminars in Cell & Develop. Biol. 10:415-420.

    Samulewicz, SJ, Clark,L, Seitz,A., and E. Heber-Katz. 2002. Expression of Pref-1, A Delta-Like Protein, in Healing Mouse Ears. Wound Repair and Regeneration, 10: 215-221.

    Gourevich,D, Clark,L, Chen P, Seitz A, Samulewicz S, and E. Heber-Katz. 2003. Matrix Metalloproteinase Activity Correlates with Blastema Formation in the Regenerating MRL Ear Hole Model. Developmental Dynamics. 226; 377-387.

    Blankenhorn EP, Troutman S, Desquenne Clark L., Zhang X-M, and E. Heber-Katz. 2003. Sexually dimorphic genes regulate healing and regeneration in the MRL/MpJ mouse. Mammalian Genome, In press.

    Leferovich, J., Bedelbaeva, K., Samulewicz, S,, Xhang, X-M, Zwas, DR, Lankford, EB, and Heber-Katz, E. 2001. Heart regeneration in adult MRL mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 98: 9830-9835.

    Heber-Katz,E., Leferovich, J., and K. Bedelbaeva. 2002. Spontaneous heart regeneration in adult MRL mice after cryo-injury. Gene Therapy and Regulation. 1:399-408; Leferovich, JM and E. Heber-Katz. 2002. The Scarless Heart. Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology. 13: 327-333.

    Seitz, A., Aglow, E., and E. Heber-Katz. 2002. Recovery from spinal cord injury: A new transection model in the C57BL/6 mouse. J. Neuroscience Research 67: 337:345.

    Seitz, A, Kragol, M, Aglow, E, Showe, L. and E. Heber-Katz. 2003. Apo-E expression after spinal cord injury in the mouse. J. Neuroscience Research. 71: 417-387.

  14. What does this say about evolution? by shirai · · Score: 4, Interesting

    What's most curious about this is why less complex creatures have an enormous ability to regenerate but more complex ones don't. If it is a matter of a few genes, you would expect that random mutations would impart the self-regeneration trait onto us but evolution has chosen not to.

    I can only surmise that for complex creatures, self-regeneration is not only worthless, but is undesirable (since no complex creatures seem to have self-regeneration but many less complex creatures do). This, of course applies to complex creatures as a species anyways. I think I'd find it extremely valuable for myself.

    I don't know the answer but perhaps it has to do with the thinking aspect of complex creatures and how that affects mating. I'd be interested in hearing others hypothesize about this.

    --
    Sunny

    Be my Friend

    1. Re:What does this say about evolution? by Shaper_pmp · · Score: 4, Interesting

      I remember reading something amany years ago that suggested speed of response to injury was the important factor.

      Lizards and "regenerating" reptiles generally don't generate scar tissue. Instead, in response to an injury their body slowly regrows the damaged part.

      Mammals, on the other hand, prioritise closing the wound to prevent infection - we very quickly form scar tissue which effectively blocks the wound to infection, but also prevents regrowing the damaged part.

      I always understood this was an evolutionary adaptation, but I've never worked out why mammals apparently have so much more to fear from infection than reptiles - is it something to do with our relative complexity, or is it a warm-blooded/cold-blooded thing?

      Either way, with our longer lifespans, greater ability at saving individuals with serious injuries and our modern disinfectants and antibiotics, I'd be prepared to swap a slight increase in infectability for the ability to regenerate any wound short of a headshot!

      --
      Everything in moderation, including moderation itself
    2. Re:What does this say about evolution? by Nicolas+MONNET · · Score: 4, Interesting

      There was an earlier slashdot story about the crocodiles' immune system being studied to cure AIDS. It appears that crocs have a very powerful immune system, capable of fending off most infections. This is likely due to the fact that they've lived in very infectious areas such as swamp for millions of years, as well as having nasty territorial fights leaving them wounded very often. As a result, the evolutionary pressure for a powerful immune system is enormous.

  15. Mice are using us humans... by ciupman · · Score: 5, Funny

    ... to achieve immortality. We are working for them and still don't realize it.. Douglas Adams was right!!!!

    --
    I fuse with Mercer every single day...
  16. Re:Obviously by Freexe · · Score: 5, Insightful
    I think it just means another civil war. People will die for the right not to die

    (Presuming governments try and withhold the technology).

    People will die in mass over population if the government give us this technology.

    People will die in riots if the government give us the technology but try to control over population with laws controling birth rights

    It at time like this I wish I hadn't read Kim Stanley Robinson's 'Red Mars' series.

    --
    "In a time of universal deceit - telling the truth is a revolutionary act." - George Orwell
  17. Re:unacceptable! by los+furtive · · Score: 5, Funny

    At first glance I would agree with you. However, I can envision an extreme (EXTREME!) surgery where the patiant was bombarded with hormones from the opposite sex, then had their genitals totally removed, with the hopes that genitals from the opposite sex would grow back naturally. Pretty freakin' crazy eh? Of course if you cut your lip during the healing process you may end up looking like this.

    --

    I'm a writer, a poet, a genius, I know it. I don't buy software, I grow it.

  18. Military interest by Macka · · Score: 4, Insightful


    Though in this case I reckon the Military could get very in this kind of 'medicine'. Imagine an army of self healing soldiers. Get a leg blown off and then grow it back.

  19. Not completely by PengoNet · · Score: 5, Interesting

    It just says that other pressures have been greater than the pressure to (keep the ability to) regenerate. Or the costs of being able to regenerate are probably prohibitive.

    The competing pressures might include (for example) a pressure to be smart or strong enough not to lose body parts in the first place, or a pressure to develop coping strategies when a limb is lost. Or the pressure to give food and resources to offspring, over attempting immortality. Or the pressure to have more complex tissues (even if they are more difficult to regenerate), although the article sheds a shadow of doubt on this last one. If these competing pressures are great enough, and more importantly, the pressure to keep the regeneration trait is low enough, the trait will simply drift away (randomly mutate) into nonfunctional genetic code. It doesn't mean it is completely undesirable.

    More "complex" animals like humans don't lose a lot of body parts on a day to day basis. And those who do, have their (evolutionary) fitness determined by their ability to cope with the loss, rather than by their ability to regain those parts.

  20. Re:unacceptable! by BoneFlower · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Thats an interesting idea. How much would hormone activity affect what grows back? Hormones are critical when the organs initiall develop after all, it is plausible that they could affect the regeneration of humans who have that ability, of course depending on exactly how the regeneration works.

  21. Re:Skepsis? by eric.t.f.bat · · Score: 4, Insightful

    ... And, being a Murdoch rag, it's not particularly well respected, either. I find the Sydney Morning Herald, aka the Sadly Moaning Horrid, to be a better paper all round, even if it does have a habit of riding particular bandwagons until the wheels fall off (*coughReneRivkincough*).

    --
    I have discovered a truly remarkable .sig block which this margin is too small to conta
  22. And the good side is... by beh · · Score: 5, Funny

    ...regrowing hearts?

    Finally, I small hope for the Republicans... ;-)

    1. Re:And the good side is... by eheldreth · · Score: 4, Funny

      To bad it does not work on brain tissue or there could be hope for the democrats to ;-)

      --
      The perversity of the Universe tends towards a maximum. - O'Toole's Corollary
  23. Cancer rate increase? by spineboy · · Score: 4, Informative
    Certain cells seem to have a fixed number of divisions, before they are turned off(telomeres on the chromosomes, seem to shorthen a bit, after every cell division). Errors in this probably lead to cancer, and it's one of the theorised ways that the body prevents cancer, by limiting the number of cel divisions. Normal cells usually stop growing, when they arein contact with other cells - something to do with cell communication/contact inhibition. Cancer cells often lack this and thus do not get the mesg to stop.

    This will be very interesting to see what happens. growing a new kidney, or hand would be great, as long as it is safe.

    --
    ..........FULL STOP.
  24. Re:Karma by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Funny

    Good point. Remember when we cured polio, and the next day, ZOOOOOOOMBIES!

  25. Re:finally by FooAtWFU · · Score: 4, Insightful
    You guessed it, the pharmaceutical industry. After all, anti-rejection drugs are a tidy little market for them.

    So they lose one tidy little market. So what? You don't think that the potential market in pro-regeneration drugs (and other drugs used during these sorts of surgeries) looks the least bit enticing, and potentially even MORE lucrative, than anti-rejection drugs? If they have ten to fifteen (or more) years, don't you think they will conduct studies left and right and get with the times? Pharmaceutical companies are not exactly the recording industry, they have some smart people working there...

    --
    The World Wide Web is dying. Soon, we shall have only the Internet.
  26. Great... by Greyfox · · Score: 4, Funny

    When humanity finally sinks into evolutionary obscurity we'll leave behind a legacy of near-immortal supermice! Perhaps that what was what the mice were after all along when they built the earth...

    --

    I'm trying to teach myself to set people on fire with my mind... Is it hot in here?

  27. Serendipity, followed by hard work by The+Fun+Guy · · Score: 4, Insightful
    From Dr. Heber-Katz's website at the Wistar Institute:

    Wound Healing in Mice: In the process of carrying out an autoimmunity experiment, the Heber-Katz research team noted that in the MRL strain of mice, punched ear holes used for long term identification rapidly closed without any sign of scarring. Besides lack of scarring when the ear hole closed, a blastema formed and new hair follicles and cartilage grew back, processes not generally seen in adult mammals though thought to be part of a regenerative process seen in amphibians. The laboratory has been actively pursuing the identification of genes involved in this trait along with the mechanisms that allow this healing to take place. They found that the matrix metalloproteinases are upregulated early after wounding and just prior to blastema formation and that the molecule Pref-1 is upregulated late after wounding and just as the blastema is beginning to redifferentiate into mature cells. These studies have led the research team to examine multiple tissues that show the unusual regenerative capacity seen in this mouse.

    As my old high-school physics teacher used to say, the Princes of Serendip paid that lab a visit. Luck got the ball rolling, but hard work made it into something with potential. It took an observant, inquiring mind to note that the ear holes were closing, and to choose to investigate it further. Fortune favors the prepared mind, especially in science.
    --
    The man who does not read good books has no advantage over the man who cannot read them. - Mark Twain
  28. Re:finally by gurps_npc · · Score: 4, Interesting
    You have NO idea.

    This may save my life personally.

    I have slow, chronic kidney failure, originally caused by an over-active immune system. Now that it is damaged, each bit of protein I eat kills a portion of my Kidney, even if it is tofu protein. Eat no protein = starve to death.

    I am currently trying to eat a minimal amount of protein each day (40 grams), but is very tough to stay on my diet and even if I do this, my kidney still gets worse just slower.

    Luckily with this diet I still have time, possibly even 10 years till total kidney failure (assuming I don't drink, etc. etc). With any luck, they will either have gotten this to work or found a way to at least clone a kidney for me.

    --
    excitingthingstodo.blogspot.com