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Galaxies Floating on a Dark Matter Stream

Darkman, Walkin Dude writes "A team in Switzerland has discovered that most of the small satellite galaxies around the Milky Way's near-twin, Andromeda, are lined up in a single plane that slices through Andromeda's spiral disc. Using images from the Hubble space telescope, soon to be decommissioned, the researchers found that 9 of the 14 of Andromeda's satellites lay on a relatively narrow plane bisecting Andromeda. From the article: 'The team believes the plane could have formed in several ways. In one scenario, the galaxies may have fallen towards Andromeda along an invisible filament of dark matter. Computer simulations show these filaments can form a cosmic web along which galaxies flow.'"

31 of 173 comments (clear)

  1. Sombrero Galaxies and You by eldavojohn · · Score: 5, Interesting
    These are called Sombrero Galaxies. I believe M 104 is the most famous since it was first noticed on May 11th, 1781.

    Does dark matter hold our universe together in a web? Perhaps, though this would mean that there is no such thing as truly empty space as a small amount of dark matter would have to exist. Perhaps what lays beneath the edges of our universe is nothing in the sense of it being devoid of dark matter?

    Check this out:
    Consider this fact: In the air we breathe, each cubic centimeter contains roughly 5 X 1019 atoms. In contrast, the intergalactic medium has a density of only 10-6 particles per cubic centimeter--each atom inhabits a private box a meter on each side. This would seem to suggest that there is not much matter in the intergalactic medium. But, given the enormous volume between the galaxies, it quickly adds up: The combined atomic mass of intergalactic gas exceeds the combined atomic mass of all the stars and galaxies in the universe--possibly by as much as 50 percent! There is indeed something in empty space
    From this article.

    While this article only mentions computer simulations, many scientific groups have gone along further researching, convinced that the cosmic web does exist. Some people have based most of their work on dark matter and the cosmic web though I believe it is still speculation and has yet to be accepted by the science community as a whole. I've read some crazy stuff about dark matter, like how it might be the "gravity particle" that is attracted to matter uniformly and causes the gravitational pull between objects. And even crazier books suggesting that the only way we'll ever be able to communicate between parallel existences is by lowering and raising these gravity particles.

    Now, the slashdot community seems to be fairly educated and extremely opinionated so how about it--does dark matter exist? If so, since it is very difficult to detect, what are its defining properties?
    --
    My work here is dung.
    1. Re:Sombrero Galaxies and You by gEvil+(beta) · · Score: 5, Funny

      Does dark matter hold our universe together in a web?

      I think it's more like invisible strands of spaghetti.

      --
      This guy's the limit!
    2. Re:Sombrero Galaxies and You by LackaDaisy · · Score: 3, Funny

      so, in a sense, we are all touched by His Noodly Appendage?

      --
      and did the little girls who lacked daisies seem very morose...
    3. Re:Sombrero Galaxies and You by Ckwop · · Score: 3, Informative

      Now, the slashdot community seems to be fairly educated and extremely opinionated so how about it--does dark matter exist? If so, since it is very difficult to detect, what are its defining properties?

      If this is correct, then the Dark Matter riddle has been solved. Basically, it was due to the fact that scientists thought they could safely use the Newtonian limit to General Relativity with galaxies. They were wrong and Dark Matter is a result of this error.

      This was reported on Slashdot not to many moons ago.

      Simon

    4. Re:Sombrero Galaxies and You by Daniel+Dvorkin · · Score: 2, Funny

      "Computer simulations show..." is another way of saying "computer programmers imagine..."

      [sigh] No, it's not.

      --
      The correlation between ignorance of statistics and using "correlation is not causation" as an argument is close to 1.
    5. Re:Sombrero Galaxies and You by Kelerain · · Score: 5, Funny

      Now, all we need to do is prove it's affecting evolution, and we've proven that His Noodleyness exists.

      Or is that effecting evolution?

      By the touch of His Noodly Appendage, this sentence could potentially use either affecting or effecting correctly! It truly is a miracle!

      Grammar and Spelling Nazis tremble in the face of His Noodily Might!

    6. Re:Sombrero Galaxies and You by clockwork_orange · · Score: 2, Insightful

      one paper was written, and it has (as far as i know) been proven to be correct. saying that dark matter has been disproved because of just one paper is foolish. scientific understanding is based on replication of results. you should wait until they are replicated. this is the problem with the media they lean on institutions to releases there informations before they are ready.

    7. Re:Sombrero Galaxies and You by Stalyn · · Score: 4, Informative

      Might want to do some actual research on the subject. From that list there are no articles in support of the Cooperstock-Tieu model other than a response by the orginal authors. The theoretical arguments and evidence against the model are quite convincing.

      Dark matter is just the best model we have right now. It also amazes me how much Slashdot is against the dark matter model. Why is that?

      --
      The best education consists in immunizing people against systematic attempts at education. - Paul Feyerabend
    8. Re:Sombrero Galaxies and You by drudd · · Score: 4, Insightful

      The current consensus is that the paper is fundamentally flawed, and that when done correctly non-linearities from GR cannot explain the flat rotation curves of spiral galaxies (not to mention the vast amounts of other evidence for dark matter including hot gas in galaxy clusters, fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background, strong lensing arcs in clusters, weak gravitational lensing by galaxies, the distribution of galaxies on large scales, etc).

      Unfortunately, the general public only hears about the initial press release, not the work of many other scientists in debunking those results.

      Doug

      --
      Venn ist das nurnstuck git und Slotermeyer? Ya! Beigerhund das oder die Flipperwaldt gersput!
    9. Re:Sombrero Galaxies and You by Stalyn · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Actually dark matter can be proved or disproved... it just hasn't been yet. Also there is indirect evidence for dark matter. Do you believe in String Theory? Dark matter has more evidence and theoretical weight than string theory.

      --
      The best education consists in immunizing people against systematic attempts at education. - Paul Feyerabend
    10. Re:Sombrero Galaxies and You by lawpoop · · Score: 2, Insightful

      "It also amazes me how much Slashdot is against the dark matter model. Why is that?"

      Selection bias.

      Those with an axe to grind shout the loudest and post the most often. The silent majority just keep scrolling.

      --
      Computers are useless. They can only give you answers.
      -- Pablo Picasso
    11. Re:Sombrero Galaxies and You by Tatarize · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Sure, seeing as there's no evidence for string theory and no evidence for Dark Matter we are currently 0 to 0. Now, string theory is an attempt to tie quantum mechanics together with relativity and kind of does that. But, Dark Matter is just an attempt to fix what we speed we think galaxies should rotate at according to Newton and what speed they do rotate at.

      String theory at least has meshing two obviously true theories together, whereas Dark Matter has the job fixing bad math. And if this article's suggestion of galaxies riding an invisible stream of dark matter is any suggestion, it might as well be the great cosmic boogie-man of physics. Oh, your calculations don't add up... there must be dark matter. Halos of invisible matter that can't be detected by any way other than having our calculations wrong. I'm sorry, Newton's equations were just a stab at it. They work for our solar system. You don't make up new matter to fix wrong theories which honestly shouldn't work at the galactic level.

      No, I don't have a better model for it. The suggestion that "Dark Matter is the best model we have," doesn't change anything. It's a bad model. How about back in the 1700s when all that vital element crap was the rage of Biology. There was no better theory. Having a sort of God molecule dividing the organic and inorganic was a crap answer, but it was the best we had at the time. It doesn't negate the fact that that too was a bad answer. Last I checked, nobody has really worked out a perfectly reasonable cosmology to explain why we had the Big Bang, although there's the answer that "God did it." This is, the only answer we have, should we accept that too.

      Just because I don't have a better answer, doesn't make invisible halos of undetectable superheavy matter correct. I would need some actually solid evidence to suggest that that is the case before I accept it. Ockam's Razor would tend to suggest that bad math is a better explanation.

      --

      It is no longer uncommon to be uncommon.
    12. Re:Sombrero Galaxies and You by drudd · · Score: 2, Informative

      Dark matter has vast (let me repeat, VAST) amounts of evidence beyond rotation curves of galaxies. It is supported by weak and strong gravitational lensing measurements, the clustering of galaxies, flucutations in the cosmic microwave background, hot gas and random motions of galaxies in galaxy clusters...

      All of this evidence is sufficient to say that either 1) dark matter exists or 2) our theory of gravity is broken in exactly the way necessary to seem like there's dark matter when there really isn't. #1 is the simplest, and as of yet, nobody has found a #2 that even comes close (although people are working on trying to find one). Cold dark matter has overcome nearly 40 years of people trying to poke holes in it, and it's stood the test of time.

      In addition, it's not the kludge solution as it is portrayed by so many here on slashdot. There are good particle physics reasons to expect a heavy weakly interacting non-relativistic particle. Just because we don't know exactly what it is yet does not mean it's not a good theory.

      We're already searching for dark matter annihilation signatures in the centers of dwarf galaxies, and we have direct detection experiments running here on Earth. So called direct detection of dark matter may only be years away. At the minimum we continually rule out parameter space of theories that do fit the observations, refining our understanding of what signatures to look for.

      Doug

      --
      Venn ist das nurnstuck git und Slotermeyer? Ya! Beigerhund das oder die Flipperwaldt gersput!
  2. Bigger mystery by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

    How the fuck did you write such a thorough and cogent response as a FIRST POST nonetheless??!?!?!

  3. ID by SoulMaster · · Score: 5, Funny

    In another scenario, the Intelligent Designer put them on that specific plane just to see how long it took before somebody noticed and claimed that it must be Dark Matter.

    1. Re:ID by NanoGator · · Score: 2, Funny

      "In another scenario, the Intelligent Designer put them on that specific plane just to see how long it took before somebody noticed and claimed that it must be Dark Matter."

      Yeah yeah, we get it, fanatics suck. Let's not be fanatical about bringing up the fanaticism of the fanatics, k?

      --
      "Derp de derp."
  4. Eric Lerner by Bloater · · Score: 5, Interesting
    The team believes the plane could have formed in several ways. In one scenario, the galaxies may have fallen towards Andromeda along an invisible filament of dark matter. Computer simulations show these filaments can form a cosmic web along which galaxies flow.'


    Eric Lerner is looking less and less like a crank with every new cosmological experiment, I think this is exactly what his plasma filament theory of the intergalactic medium has been predicting.
  5. Re:Hubble soon to be decommissioned by NanoGator · · Score: 2, Informative

    "North Korea is making far bigger noises about making their own nuclear bombs, but no one seems to make such a fuss ...."

    [OT, Sorry.]

    Um, yeah, that's because several countries have diplomatic relations with NK and are negotiating with them. The US is actually doing the right thing here (or at least what everybody wanted them to do with regards to Iraq), but nobody wants to acknowledge that because of the monkey in the White House.

    --
    "Derp de derp."
  6. In another scenario... by Noxx · · Score: 5, Funny

    In one scenario, the galaxies may have fallen towards Andromeda along an invisible filament of dark matter.

    In another scenario, the Flying Spaghetti Monster might have used His Noodly Appendage to intelligently design it that way. Scientists speculate the arrangement makes it easier for Him to make a bank shot on the 9-ball galaxy.

    --
    Study everything, you'll find something you can use - Jason Bourne
  7. Right. by balloot · · Score: 5, Funny

    Am I the only one who thinks this headline sounds like something some scientist completely pulled out of his ass? "Yeah...so you know dark matter? All the planets are, like, floating on it. And I am TOTALLY stoned...."

  8. Re:Hubble Space Telescope by wass · · Score: 4, Informative
    Well let's see, NASA administrator Sean O'Keefe says it will never be visited by a space shuttle repair mission again

    Um dude, O'Keefe has been gone from NASA for nine months now, your article link is almost a year old. One of the first things that the new administrator Michael Griffin did when he took over the reins was to try to figure out ways to keep Hubble alive. Griffin's an actual scientist, unlike O'Keefe who's a career-track manager. And thus sees the important of Hubble, which has been indispensible for astronomical research.

    Direct from NASA's Hubble page , it says

    "At his April, 2005 confirmation hearing before the U.S. Senate, as well as in subsequent statements, new NASA Administrator Michael D. Griffin testified to the extraordinary scientific value of Hubble. He indicated his desire to take the robotic servicing mission "off the plate" on the basis of mission complexity, and reconsider an SM4 Shuttle-astronaut mission to Hubble. His rationale is that after the Shuttle's Return to Flight ("RTF", currently scheduled for July of 2005), and in particular after all the Shuttle improvements that precede RTF, NASA will essentially have a "new" Shuttle vehicle and system in the context of astronaut and mission safety. After successes in RTF and the following flight, if analysis shows that the risk levels associated with a Hubble mission are sufficiently low and manageable, SM4 could be reinstated by the Administrator."
    --

    make world, not war

  9. a name for it by heatdeath · · Score: 4, Interesting

    If they eventually find more evidence for these "dark matter streams", and start naming them, I think "the styx" would be a completely awesome name for such a stream.

    --
    I'm sorry. The number you have reached is imaginary. Please rotate your phone 90 degrees and try again.
  10. Hubble won't decommissioned soon by amightywind · · Score: 2, Informative

    In his zeal to take a political potshot Zonk has ignored the most recent developments. Don't be deceived. NASA administrator Michael Griffin has reconsidered earlier the earlier decision to scrap Hubble servicing. A shuttle crew will indeed have to risk their lives to extend Hubble's life for a few more years. Relax. There should still be lots of money left over to invest in Iraqi freedom, and to kill Al Qaida.

    --
    an ill wind that blows no good
  11. Yup by Darkman,+Walkin+Dude · · Score: 2, Insightful

    your article link is almost a year old

    I even noted that in my post, to pre-emptively head off any nitpicking. Looking at the page you link to, I see no concrete plans. I see "if", I see "possibility", I see "could", and I see "might". Nothing that says, yes, we will repair Hubble in the mission scheduled for such and such a date. I'm all for a continuance of Hubble service; I just don't see it happening.

    O'Keefe has been gone from NASA for nine months now

    Yup, I should have said "said", not says. Mea culpa for the typo.

  12. Old Lady by nacturation · · Score: 4, Funny

    Galaxies Floating on a Dark Matter Stream

    So, the old lady was right... it's turtles all the way down.

    --
    Want to improve your Karma? Instead of "Post Anonymously", try the "Post Humously" option.
  13. He has fellow-travellers... by leonbrooks · · Score: 2, Interesting

    ...here. With some uberkewl photos to back up what they're saying.

    --
    Got time? Spend some of it coding or testing
  14. Occam's Razor Please by fygment · · Score: 3, Insightful

    So we have two theories:

    a) dark matter filaments (modeled on a computer no less). Matter we cannot see; who's existence is contentious, etc.

    b) the remnants of a cannibalized galaxy. Solid evidence of this principle abundantly available.

    Why leap to the more complicated and, arguably esoteric, explanation?

    --
    "Consensus" in science is _always_ a political construct.
  15. Dark Matter bullshit, admit scientists by Snafoo · · Score: 4, Funny

    AP - Scientists at the prestigious CERN institute in Switzerland announced late Friday that the so-called 'dark matter', which makes up 90% of the universe, is actually bullshit.
    "These findings come as a surprise," stated Dr. Weissmann, lead scientist at the institute. "Before today, we thought dark matter might be, say, an agglomeration of exotic subatomic particles, like muons or 'strange' quarks, signifying a problem with the equations governing space-time. Instead, all that turns out to be bullshit."
    Other hypotheses included Cheez-puffs and intelligent end-users. But the conclusive evidence for the new Bullshit Theory of Matter came from the Hubble space telescope, which since 1995 has been sending back data that, according to scientists, is "complete and utter bull."
    "Over and over we ran through the equations, and each time we came up with the same answer: This is crap," affirmed Weismann. "It's satisfying, in a way, to be able to say that about your life's work."

    -C.

    --
    - undoware.ca
  16. Dark matter and the multiverse by alex_guy_CA · · Score: 2, Interesting
    I've heard Dr. Michio Kaku theorize that dark matter is the gravitational effect of the matter of other universes that are close to ours. I found that to be an intriguing thought, bringing two pretty wild ideas, dark matter and multiple universes, together in a coherent and even intuitive way.

    ahref=http://www.mkaku.org/rel=url2html-18972http: //www.mkaku.org/>

  17. Empty Space by jd · · Score: 2, Interesting
    There is no such thing as empty space, as that would violate all kinds of laws of physics. (It would exist in a constant state of entropy, there would be zero quantum uncertainty, it would allow for the possibility of an absolute frame of reference, etc.)


    In general, the popular belief is that ALL of space is filled with "quantum foam", which contains a mass of virtual particles whose sum (over any statistically significant volume) will be zero. These virtual particles are not "dark matter", precisely for that reason - dark matter (if it exists) sums to extremely large values.


    These virtual particles are of all sorts and would include quantum wormholes and quantum black holes amongst others. Now, although on average quantum foam has absolutely zero impact, it can have very local, short-lived effects. Hawking radiation would be one. It may be possible these local variations can account for everything "dark matter" has been attributed to.


    "Empty space" contains (according to theorists) all sorts of other exotic phenomena. "Superstrings", for example, which have negative gravity and essentially fill all of the other functions attributed to "dark matter" PLUS being one step closer to unifying gravity with all of the other forces, at the cost of having to live in a twelve-dimensional universe (or is it 15, now? Superstring theorists keep adding more.)


    Again, though, superstrings would eliminate the need for "dark matter" and would even be a "better" explanation for the odd layout of those galaxies. The antigravitational effect of superstrings would rip apart galaxies that weren't threaded, so threading is exactly what you'd expect. (I wonder if they're POSIX threads?)


    These all assume, of course, that anything new is required at all. Current theories that require something to be present may simply be consequences of being based on observation, as observation requires something to be present to be observed. You cannot observe nothing, because you can never prove that it truly is nothing, only that it lacks all the somethings that you would normally observe.


    The gravitational models of the galaxy that required "dark matter":


    • were based on Newtonian physics and took no account of relativistic effects on space, time, mass or distance. Nor did it take account of the finite speed of gravity. It also missed out on all quantum cosmology, though I couldn't name how that would impact things.
    • lacked a lot of the information that has recently been discovered (such as the warped shape of some of the structure) which would mean that gravitational sources would be incorrectly placed
    • have assumed the Milky Way to be stable, whereas it has collided with galaxies many times (and will do so again within the lifetime of our sun), which means that estimates of momentum in the early galaxy will be waaay off


    Now, it can be argued that that was not the only model that required "dark matter", but I will argue that if we keep the dark matter in, we now introduce errors by having variables that try to compensate for something that doesn't happen. I will also argue that cosmologists should verify that ALL of the factors I've listed have in fact been taken into account with all these other "dark matter" scenarios.


    This is not to say I'm convinced by the other theories, either. I don't like adding large numbers of variables purely to eliminate other variables. That's messy and a sign of really bad science. The quantum foam, for my money, seems to be the "best" of a bunch of really screwball ideas, and is probably sufficient to account for all of the effects that everything else is intended to describe.

    --
    It's a small world and it smells funny; I'd buy another if it wasn't for the money; Take back what I paid (SoM)
  18. Re: Dark Matter over mind? by Black+Parrot · · Score: 2, Funny

    > Matter = Stuff Anti-Matter = Stuff that blows stuff up Dark Matter = The stuff that isn't there, that we keep bumping into

    To paraphrase the old saw about virtual memory:

    If you can see it and it's there, it's matter.
    If you can see it and it's not there, it's a virtual particle.
    If you can't see it and it's there, it's dark matter.
    If you can't see it and it's not there, it's dark energy.

    --
    Sheesh, evil *and* a jerk. -- Jade