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Intel's "Terascale" Vision

Vigile writes, "Intel is pushing the envelope with its latest vision — 80 cores on a single processor. Dubbed 'Terascale' computing, Intel aims to bring low-powered, massively interconnected cores and unleash a new era in data-mining, media creation, and entertainment." For balance, read Tom Yager over at InfoWorld imploring AMD to stop at 8 cores while everybody gets the architecture right.

35 of 220 comments (clear)

  1. Good by betterunixthanunix · · Score: 3, Funny

    Now I can run 80 instances of Doom at the same time. Nothing quite like heavy multitasking.

    --
    Palm trees and 8
    1. Re:Good by networkBoy · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Heh,
      Not really.
      This chip (as designed) would be one CISC CPU core and 80 Mini cores (kinda like Cell?)
      Anyway, where this will be awesome is in rendering &&|| Cryptography, where the memory bandwith requirements is not as high as CPU compute requirements.

      I personally hope these come out in a 4xPCIe expansion card:)
      -nB

      --
      whois gawk date unzip strip find touch finger mount join nice man top fsck grep eject more yes exit umount sleep dump
  2. well now it seems by Compaq_Hater · · Score: 3, Funny

    we are on our way to L-Cars computers i can feel it.
    CH

  3. 80 Submissions by nycsubway · · Score: 3, Funny

    This processor must already be submitting stories... If it is there should be 78 more dupes just like it.

    I like the idea of an 80 core processor. Multithreaded applications will work better. Why are people afraid of multiprocessors? Systems with dozens of processors are not uncommon. I dont see why it would be bad for the desktop.

    1. Re:80 Submissions by nycsubway · · Score: 4, Insightful

      That is true. A lot of applications do not heavily use multithreading. But, in the scientific community a lot of applications require it. Where I work, we process several GB of MRI data a day. We are able to parallelize the overall processing, so the more processors, the better. However, I wish Matlab would become multithreaded! Our servers have 4 processors and if matlab used them all, we could process 1 dataset in 1/4 the time, instead of processing 4 datasets at once to utilize the CPUs. Processing one dataset at a time would reduce disk I/O.

    2. Re:80 Submissions by NerveGas · · Score: 2, Insightful

      It's not the number of processors or cores that they're afraid of, it's the fact that with the exception of a very few cases, your performance does not scale linearly with the number of CPUS, it is less than 1:1. To make it worse, as the number of CPUs rises, the cost to intelligently, quickly deliver sufficient bits to and from all of the CPUs gets exponentially higher.

      Recently, some of our managers wanted to see what it would cost to purchase a system that would significantly outperform our 8-way Opteron for RDBMS work. I got numbers on machines from various manufacturers, and when the managers saw them, the conversation was instantly over.

      steve

      --
      Oh, you're not stuck, you're just unable to let go of the onion rings.
    3. Re:80 Submissions by kabocox · · Score: 2, Interesting

      That is true. A lot of applications do not heavily use multithreading. But, in the scientific community a lot of applications require it.

      If anything, this will be the one great thing to come out of 8+ core desktop systems. I honestly don't think "most" apps even pretend to use more than 1 core very well. Once 8+ cores are one your bare bones Dell home PC then I'd expect to see everything under the sun start to be multithreaded. With the expectation of 32+ or 64+ cores in a decade time, then I could see alot of those little downloadable apps actually being designed to run in the background on just any given core. I'm actually eager to see some of the programming shifts that would take place because of this. From what I've read mostly /. is concerned about the memory bus not beening wide or fast enough to feed an 80 core chip. I'm more interested in "background" processes or algorithms designed just to load and run back there and only occasionally talk with other chips. I'm not worried that we can't figure it out. I'm kinda disappointed that we'd have to have 80+ cores out for a decade or so before we really even start to scratch the surface of what we can do with them. Right now, everyone is thinking of hey you can't breakevery problem into parallel tasks. Well, what if we make an algorithm breakthrough that says we can? But we only find that out after having all that processing at hand? The good news is that all those supercomputer folks have been researching into this area for years. The bad part is that even they'll be surprised when your Joe Average CS person suddenly has access to that type of system. We don't know, yet what it'll really excel at. We'll figure it out after it is sold to 5% of the US public. ;)

    4. Re:80 Submissions by m0nstr42 · · Score: 3, Interesting
      How about due to the lack of code that takes advantage of the multiple processors? If you mainly use one heavy application that doesn't take advatage of more than one or two cores, then those other 78 are going to be bored (and not submitting their dupes to ./)!
      I'm curious - supposing that the software existed to take advantage of it, would it be possible to design an operating system that used a vast number of cores in a radically different (and advantageous) way than we use one or two (or a few more) today? i.e. the kernel spawns several sub-kernels on different processors or clusters of processors, with each one set up to handle a very specific task. Is there really any advantage? In nature, large scale systems of simple agents tend to be able to accomplish complex tasks more efficiently than single agents or small groups.
    5. Re:80 Submissions by archen · · Score: 2, Informative

      I think that was part of what the article was inferring. Assuming you had a perfectly optimized kernel and a zillion cores, performance still isn't going to scale all that well. There is just too many bottlenecks all over the way the general purpose PC is designed today. And lets not forget how far behind hard drive tech is dragging compaired to the rest of the system. It's funny because everyone acts like this is so new despite the fact that high end stuff like supercomputers have been dealing with these issues for decades. The PC arcetecture is going to have to change in more than a couple ways, but before that happens everyone is going to have to get used to the fact that their system has more than one core. Maybe that's one of the tricks AMD has up its sleeves. Buying ATI may have been a step towards re-engineering the parts of the PC that are going to be bottlenecks.

  4. Time to go home... by Aqua_boy17 · · Score: 4, Funny

    Anyone else first read that as "Intel's Testicle Vision"?

    Man, it's been a long day.

    --
    What if the Hokey Pokey really is what it's all about?
    1. Re:Time to go home... by markana · · Score: 3, Funny

      Then they would have to name it the "Hentaium" processor...

  5. Why have 8 strong ox? by chroot_james · · Score: 4, Interesting

    When you can have 80 underfed chickens?

    --
    Reality is nothing but a collective hunch.
    1. Re:Why have 8 strong ox? by Compaq_Hater · · Score: 2, Funny

      Hell yeah, now Micro$oft can write Windows BBQ edition that will fix those OX and Chickens.
      CH

    2. Re:Why have 8 strong ox? by WilliamSChips · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Because the chickens actually work better now and most oxen are now really just three chickens yoked together--hell, most chickens are three chickens yoked together!

      --
      Please, for the good of Humanity, vote Obama.
    3. Re:Why have 8 strong ox? by HoboMaster · · Score: 3, Funny

      "So, Brian, what's the plural of box?"
      "Boxen?"

      Gotta love Brian Regen.

      --
      Remember kids, tin foil doesn't work, so use LeadHat.
  6. In other news by Hahnsoo · · Score: 4, Funny

    Gilette is releasing a new shaver called the "Plutonium Mach80", a razor with 80 blades. Each blade has a separate distinct function, and you can get even closer shaves with the synergistic cuisinart action. Also comes in a "For Women" model for "sensitive areas". "Basically, 5 blades isn't enough. I mean, really, more is better, right?", says Gilette CEO James Kilts. Schick is reportedly working on a competitor blade that may exceed the legendary "100 blade barrier".

  7. 80 cores... by windowpain · · Score: 3, Funny

    And slashdotters will still be overclocking the sumbitch.

    --
    Insert witty sig here.
  8. Intel's "Terascale" Vision by CaptKilljoy · · Score: 5, Funny

    If they succeed, does this meen the tera-rists have won?

  9. While 80 cores is pretty ridiculous... by foxtrot · · Score: 4, Insightful

    A lab prototype like this can help them with something important: Given multi-core processors look to be the way future computers will be built, how do you feed them data? The current paradigm won't scale past 4 cores on a single chip's worth of FSB, and there are folks who don't think that even 4's going to be a useful increase over 2.

    Even if Intel never sells a chip bigger than 16 or 32 ways, an 80 core lab mule will teach them many things about how to get information to a processor and keep those caches full of appropriate data.

    -F

  10. Someone needs to relearn SI by ncc05 · · Score: 5, Informative
    [A] teraflop is approximately 1000 Megaflops.
    Is there such a thing as a gigaflops? What happened to that?
  11. Re:Make each core specialized!! by NerveGas · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Your comments are a lot more true than many people realize. Specialized hardware always wins.

    As an example, people talk about using using multi-GHz machines for TIVO-type appliances, and "getting away" with 600 Mhz or so if your card has hardware MPG encoding. Some of the original TIVOs, because of their reliance on specialized chips and ASICs, used measly 33 MHz CPUs - and worked just fine.

    steve

    --
    Oh, you're not stuck, you're just unable to let go of the onion rings.
  12. Why stop there? by dtfinch · · Score: 2, Funny

    Practicality and usefulness problems aside, you can fit over 6,000 6502 processors in the space of a P4, each running at several ghz.

  13. Pentium - Stove-top model by diodeus · · Score: 2, Insightful

    The first 80-core chip will actually look live a conventional kitchen hotplate. You add a pot of cold water on top of the chip, then with a dial on the unit you determie how much heat you want to produce. The CPU will automatically run the correct number of instances of Seti@Home to generate the desired level of heat.

    The 4 X 80 "stove top" model will come out later that year. It will include an "oven" that has its own chip and convectional cooling.

  14. Reminded me of Grade School by Shadow+Wrought · · Score: 2, Funny
    You know the arguments in the yard at lunch:

    AMD: We now have two cores, so there!
    Intel: Oh yeah, well we now have four cores- losers!
    AMD: Oh yeah, well we're coming out with eight cores next. Ha beat that!
    Intel: We can and will! We're going to come out with, with EIGHTY cores! Yeah that's right, eighty cores!

    Disclaimer: I've not kept up on the Core War, so any inaccuracies are for dramatic effect...

    --
    If brevity is the soul of wit, then how does one explain Twitter?
  15. Lots of uses for 80 processors by gsfprez · · Score: 4, Interesting

    I'm a video guy. I can't render video fast enough. I can't do transcoding fast enough. My video is getting larger and deeper in color, and i need more power.

    all of that is threadable.

    so is photographic processing. You can divide a picture 80 ways and have each processor do whatever it is you want to do on it.

    Gamers? Fscking a.... i'm so SICK of hearing hiow everything is for them. Just because something isn't going to help Halo Life 3 run faster is not any of my concern.

    There are lots of people working on their computers that want to see more cores because it will make our lives better.

    --
    guns kill people like spoons make Rosie O'Donnell fat.
  16. Heeeere we go again. by tygerstripes · · Score: 4, Insightful
    I'm sorry but, well... didn't you guys do this with processor speed a while ago?

    That didn't work because AMD worked out that architecture can trump speed. They innovated, and then did it again with decent dual-core (as in NOT the two-dies-on-one-chip cack that you churned out at first).

    So, you improved your architecture and implemented dual-core properly, to produce the fantastic Duo. You got back in the race.

    And then there was talk of more cores. And you went "Fuck that, bitches, stay DOWN - we is gon' fuck you up good with 80 cores, bitch, an' dat hard!". Yes, you decided to try and dominate the pissing contest of multi-core instead of megahurtz.

    Jesus guys, didn't you learn a fucking thing? STOP trying to turn out something that little bit "more" than the competition, just get on with innovating and coming up with damn good chips. That's how AMD threatened you and, if you go on with this "anything you can do" shit again, you'll be back to square one.

    --
    Meta will eat itself
  17. Memory busses are for swapping by Sloppy · · Score: 4, Insightful
    Tom Yager writes:
    If I had a vote, I'd have both vendors stop at four cores and focus on fat and fast busses that give those cores something to fill instead of something to wait for

    What's a memory bus? Oh right, that thing you use to access the DDR4 swap device when the page you want to access is no longer in the on-CPU RAM. ;-)

    Seriously, look at the growth of L2 caches, and tell me the day isn't coming when they just call it "RAM" instead of "cache." If Intel and AMD want to keep piling transistors onto their chips, this'll give 'em something to do.

    --
    As copyright owner of this comment, I authorize everyone to defeat any technological measure which limits access to it.
  18. Re:We have a dupe! by tonsofpcs · · Score: 4, Funny

    Maybe we'll get 80 copies of this article.

  19. 640 cores by ion_ · · Score: 5, Funny

    640 cores should be enough for anyone.

  20. Arrgghhh by Usquebaugh · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Why is it that with intel talking about a radical change in consumer hardware the level of comments on /. is barely higher then that on AOL.

    We have had multi processor machines for ages. This is not a sudden unknown. Look up transputer, connection machine, beowulf, cray. There is still ground to be covered but it's not unkown territory. The difference is this is intel, intel needs a big market to sell to.

    This is not going to make significant difference to the end user, most of them will still write letters, calculate spreadsheets and browse the web. It might be enough to finally expose MS et al for what they have always been, the parasites.

    Where this is going to hit home is in the realm of programming and OS.

    Want to run an OS primarily designed for uniprocessing on a multi way architecture? Look at the issues Win&Lin have with SMP, limited to 16 processors I believe. Numa and beowulf are a different kettle of fish. So what will we have on these massive SMP architectures?

    Programming, at last we might be getting out from under VonNuman. Progress might be possible after 30+ years of stagnation. The symbolic/functional languages are going to start to move forward. Hell we might even get to run on stack based cpus with energy reclamation automated :-) Of course a nice message passing symbolic language might score big.

    But given then history of software we'll have a bunch of ignorant, loud mouth idiots running around telling everybody the one true way is Java with mutex and semaphores. PHBs will grab at the first thing that has enterpise written on it and is 'guaranteed'. Most programmers will code how they have always coded head down, ass up. The number of processors will double every two years and the speed of software will continue to halve in the same period.

    Of course nobody will suggest that a staged conversion should take place. There will be all these reasons to throw everything away and start over. Because this time we'll get it right!

    1. Re:Arrgghhh by Procyon101 · · Score: 2, Insightful

      The complexity of the research is due to the fact that it is so very, very refined. There isn't much out there that's revolutionary, so instead of "Look at this great concept... a wheel" we are getting "The benefits of XYZ fractal tread on a vulcanized rubber tire under wide tempurature variations spanning water phase changes." The second paper is much more educated on the subject, but much drier and not at all revolutionary ;)

      In Genetic programming, we had heirarchial GP a couple years ago, breaking through the long-running GA problem we have suffered from for 20 years which renders GA useless for anything but trivial search spaces. This was a brain-dead, forehead slapping stupid solution that had just been missed by everyone. MIT press broke the paper, the widespread implications are not yet being felt. This is just a simple example, but hopefully this unlocks some bigger solutions.

      Type-calculus is still a very hard unsolved problem, even though the concepts of data types have been around longer than computers. A refined calculus here will open up alot of doors. There are alot of people working on it.

      But yeah, we haven't had a Turing come through in quite a while, and it's about time. I just don't think you can "buy" genius. Throwing a bunch of money at the problem may just be throwing it to the wind, or it may indeed foster an environment that this generation's Church comes from... there is no way to know.

      Oh, and I can't comment on MS's research... they'd be mad :) But there is some Blue Sky research going on.

    2. Re:Arrgghhh by Procyon101 · · Score: 2, Informative

      To clarify, by heirarchial I was refering to HFC.

      GA/GP searches a problem space for answers using a distributed hill climbing algorithm. It isn't a magic bullet for all problems, but performs well when the fitness of the solution set is a contiguous function and the slopes of the fitness hyperplane are not too extreme. If the fitness landscape is not contiguous, then GA/GP is unlikely to outperform random search by very much.

      For instance: If your problem is "Devise a key that will open this lock", then GA/GP is not a very good way to go about searching because the feedback for whether the solution is good or not is purely binary... it either works, or it doesn't. In a failed attempt there is no "hints" as to whether this failure was closer of further away from any solution. If, however, we can gague how good the solution is in comparison with other attempts, we can hill-climb the fitness landscape and home in on good solutions.

      Traditionally, however, GA/GP has been limited by the fact that it tends to home in on 1 good solution, to the exclusion of all others, even if it's not the "best" solution. The algorithms tend to refine a good solution forever, never escaping their local maxima in the fitness landscape. The only way to get them to find another solution is to restart the evolution from the beginning. HFC allows the run to continuously probe the entire solution set and converge on all maxima.

      Your question about optimal subsolutions is debated actually. Koza's original premise was that GP works by combining good subtrees in a solution. More recent research has brought this into question, and often random mutation will outperform crossover, or at least come close. There is work being done to see if we can increase the role of solution "building blocks" but there is no concensus. Your NP problem does not need to be highly decomposeable for most GA/GP systems to work, but it does need to have a smooth fitness landscape.

  21. Re:More fifty cent words, eh? by enrevanche · · Score: 3, Insightful

    if you read his article, you would know that he wants them to create cpus that actually perform in the real world, not just add marketing numbers that will have very little effect.

  22. who needs 80 core cpu ? (Not apolo spacecraft) by ZXSpectrum42 · · Score: 2

    from http://www.informationweek.com/shared/printableArt icle.jhtml?articleID=191901844 "I've always been amazed at the Apollo spacecraft guidance system, built by the MIT Instrumentation Lab. In 1969, this software got Apollo 11 to the moon, detached the lunar module, landed it on the moon's surface, and brought three astronauts home. It had to function on the tiny amount of memory available in the onboard Raytheon computer--it carried 8 Kbytes, not enough for a printer driver these days. And there wouldn't be time to reboot in case of system failure when the craft made re-entry. It's just as well Windows wasn't available for the job. The Apollo guidance system probably seems like routine software to technology sophisticates. Far more complex navigational systems are in operation today. The system's essentials were a few well-known algorithms based on proven logic. But to me, it's still rocket science. Great software dazzles us by virtue of what it does correctly in the face of everything that could go wrong." Whow, can you do that without 80 cores?

    --
    2+2 = 5 (for very large values of 2)
  23. Not a good way to speed up general purpose apps by mpaque · · Score: 2, Informative

    I like the idea of an 80 core processor. Multithreaded applications will work better

    Multithreading models from the Windows/Unix/Linux community all assume equal access to system resources such as memory across all threads. They like Uniform Memory Architecture models.

    An 80 core system can't really provide a uniform memory access model, as it runs into severe switching and coherency problems. (You want to snoop HOW MANY L1 caches?!??). Fancy interconnects like hyperchannel and Monte Carlo stochastic schemes start getting pinched for bandwidth around 8 cores. With this many cores, you'll wind up with computing meshes of local processors and memory interconnected using some interesting switching scheme. The article even mentions this, with a bit of hand-waving over the issues of bandwidth in shared system resources. "Intel's answer is to attach 256 Mbit of SRAM directly to EACH core. " Interconnect topology is left at a simple tiling scheme, but they are exploring ring topologies.

    The result looks remarkably like a transputer mesh. I've programmed these in the past, and the model is rather different than simple multithreading. Being able to decompose the programming problem into a number of independent steps with relatively low communications demands is essential. The ability to reconfigure the interconnect topology to match the problem's data flow is essential to being able to get as much out of the processor set as possible. Without this, one can wind up with lots of idle processors, blocked on data starvation.