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4th Circuit Court Sides With a Spammer

bulled writes to tell us about coverage on CNet regarding a ruling a couple of weeks back that allows a spamming company to procede with their suit against a spamfighter. The 4th Circuit court ruled that the U.S. CAN-SPAM Act, much derided here, trumps the Oklahoma law under which anti-spam activist Mark Mumma sued Omega World Travel for spamming him. The ruling allows Omega World Travel's countersuit, for defamation, to go forward. From the article: "'There's been a lot of activity in the states to pass laws purportedly to protect their citizens' from spam, said Eric Goldman, a law professor at Santa Clara University. 'The 4th Circuit may have laid waste to all of those efforts.'"

35 of 154 comments (clear)

  1. May these judges get nothing but v14gr4 spam by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

    and rot in hell...

    1. Re:May these judges get nothing but v14gr4 spam by binaryspiral · · Score: 2, Informative

      These are the same judges who probably send internets to their staff and complain because the tubes are all cloged.

      You see, it's not like a truck...

    2. Re:May these judges get nothing but v14gr4 spam by whitehatlurker · · Score: 2, Funny
      When will someone tell them that?

      Hey, don't blame me - I sent them an email . . . oh!

      --
      .. paranoid crackpot leftover from the days of Amiga.
  2. Important Because by gt_mattex · · Score: 2, Informative

    FTA

    This ruling could prove to be a setback for other antispam activists for one major reason: It suggests that, thanks to the Can-Spam Act, state laws prohibiting fraudulent or deceptive communications won't be all that useful against junk e-mail.

    Basically, as far as i understand it, states will have a much harder time of protecting their citizens from spam.

    --
    "No doubt one may quote history to support any cause, as the devil quotes scripture." - Learned Hand
    1. Re:Important Because by Kadin2048 · · Score: 4, Insightful

      What's unfortunate in this case is that the activist has said that he's not going to appeal the decision due to lack of funds.

      Currently there is a conflict between various state and Circuit courts as to whether the CAN-SPAM act overrides stricter State laws regulating unsolicited email. The only thing that's going to resolve the issue is a ruling from the USSC, barring further legislation to clarify the issue. If this guy were to push on, he could conceivably bring it before the Supreme Court and get a real decision; more importantly, he'd probably concentrate enough media attention on it so that even if the decision were to go in favor of the spammers, it might make a tougher anti-spam law a campaign issue in the national arena. Right now, the spammers win if people don't make noise.

      --
      "Ladies and gentlemen, my killbot features Lotus Notes and a machine gun. It is the finest available."
    2. Re:Important Because by 0x537461746943 · · Score: 5, Interesting

      But how can a state protect you from spam when the problem is really global where the state and US laws don't always apply? Even if all the states came up with some extremely strict spam laws it would just push spammers to other countries and they would still end up using spam bots from around the world. As long as there is email there will be spam. All we can do is deploy the best spam fighting techniques we can around our mail servers to reduce it.

    3. Re:Important Because by ScentCone · · Score: 5, Interesting

      But how can a state protect you from spam when the problem is really global where the state and US laws don't always apply?

      The real key is to follow the money. For spam recipients in the US, most of the pitches are for goods/services that US consumers will hopefully by talked into buying. If the businesses that will transact the money are in the US, or have ties to people in the US, that's something to go for. If the pitches are for outright fraud (say, phishing, or the sale of bogus meds), then you've got a good case to take to law enforcement in whatever country is harboring the scammers. Sure, that isn't always helpful... but recall the recent article discussing how some companies (like Microsoft) are helping to fund the local PDs as they pass that research and evidence along to those other countries. It can't hurt.

      --
      Don't disappoint your bird dog. Go to the range.
    4. Re:Important Because by ScentCone · · Score: 3, Insightful

      I am not saying we shouldn't try to keep US companies from spamming but to think that spam will be greatly reduced because a mojority of the US has strict laws against it I think is just wishful thinking.

      You know what? I'd have better luck and less stress if I was ONLY trying to filter the stock pumping spam. If the people selling fake V1@gra, fake Rolexes, and fake everything else - all of the stuff that requires you to visit a web site and present payment - were taken down, it would hugely reduce the noise level. But more importantly, it's a matter of principle. Some fights are worth it, just because it sets a more civilized tone to overtly care about it and act with justice in mind that to just put up with it and decide that it will always be part of your life.

      I agree that there needs to be a protocol change or two. But there is a LOT of inertia behind good old SMTP. And I'd rather null-route every packet from Romania, and lose the occasional piece of legit mail, than give in and say that some spamming asshat who happens to live there can litter me and all of my users with his trash. *blood pressure up*

      --
      Don't disappoint your bird dog. Go to the range.
  3. Re:Mod UP if getting "XXXXXX wrote:" SPAM by JaredOfEuropa · · Score: 2, Funny

    Try modding these messages down next time, and you might get less of them...

    --
    If construction was anything like programming, an incorrectly fitted lock would bring down the entire building...
  4. Here's what I don't understand... by SeekerDarksteel · · Score: 5, Interesting

    If he sued a company under an existing law, and a court later found that a federal law outweighed the state law, how can the person suing possibly be held responsible? How can it be considered his responsibility to know the judgement of the circuit court before he even filed the case in the first place?

    --
    The laws of probability forbid it!
    1. Re:Here's what I don't understand... by voice_of_all_reason · · Score: 2, Informative

      I think because civil courts deal with "liability" not "responsibility" (that's criminal).

      Regardless of you being in the right, you still owe the other party for court/other costs. See also: OJ

    2. Re:Here's what I don't understand... by Intron · · Score: 4, Informative

      The well-named federal CAN SPAM law explicitly preempts state and local laws to allow spamming, so the Oklahoma law was already superceded. By providing a way to reach them and a working opt-out link, Omega met the low bar set by CAN-SPAM. The fact that you would have to be crazy to click on an opt-out link in a spam email didn't matter to Congress, and matters even less to a judge interpreting Congress' intent.

      The point is: complain to Congress about the bad law, not the judiciary who have to play the hand that they're dealt.

      --
      Intron: the portion of DNA which expresses nothing useful.
    3. Re:Here's what I don't understand... by sribe · · Score: 3, Interesting

      The well-named federal CAN SPAM law explicitly preempts state and local laws to allow spamming, so the Oklahoma law was already superceded.

      Read the article more carefully. CAN SPAM explicitly allows for state laws dealing with "falsity or deception in any portion of a commercial electronic mail message." But this judge decided that a falsified header and return address were "immaterial errors" and that a strict reading of that portion of CAN SPAM was "not compatible with the structure of the Can-Spam Act as a whole." In other words, strained rationalization of the result the judge wished to reach.

  5. forward spam by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

    In that case, I guess the judges shouldn't object if we forward our spam to them.

  6. Re:duh by ScentCone · · Score: 5, Interesting

    anti spam "activist"? wow, some people have really fucked up priorities. who cares?

    You could say the same thing about people who breed cats, clean up highway trash, attend scifi conventions, babble on slashdot, attend soccer matches, or obsess about their particular pet Linux distro. At least this guy's passion happens to involve punishing people who cost the economy billions of dollars in lost productivity, bandwidth, and resources.

    --
    Don't disappoint your bird dog. Go to the range.
  7. ..of course it does. by Atlantis-Rising · · Score: 4, Informative
    Read the judgement- there's almost no question in my mind- this case was extremely clear cut. On page six, quoted is the Can-SPAM act in which


    This chapter supersedes any statute, regulation, or rule of a state or political subdivision of a state that expressly regulates the use of electronic male to send commerical messages...

    is quoted. That strikes down the application of Oklahoma's law, which the judge ruled
    ...is not limited to inaccuracies in transmission information that were material, lead to detrimental reliance by the recipient, and were made by a sender who intented that the misstatements be acted upon and either knew them to be inaccurate or was reckless about their truth.


    And then, the judge ruled that it didn't violate the CAN-SPAM act (The apellant, mummagraphics argued that the senders of the e-mails mislead mummagraphics as to the origin of the message, when the judge pointed out that it was a marketing e-mail- hence, it had all sorts of links and phone numbers and stuff to contact the people who had sent it.)

    With all that established, the appellants had no case.

    There's nothing fundamentally wrong with this, unless you have a problem with the doctrine of preemption- and if you do, that's a much, much larger issue than just spam e-mail.

    --
    "It is possible to commit no errors and still lose. That is not a weakness. That is life." -Peak Performance
    1. Re:..of course it does. by kidtwist · · Score: 2, Informative

      There's nothing wrong with the ruling except that, as someone says in the article, it "vindicates those of us who view Can-Spam as pointless and potentially dangerous legislation."

    2. Re:..of course it does. by Atlantis-Rising · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Well, of course. If you think the law is wrong, then obviously there's a problem- but that doesn't make the ruling bad.

      --
      "It is possible to commit no errors and still lose. That is not a weakness. That is life." -Peak Performance
    3. Re:..of course it does. by whoever57 · · Score: 2, Insightful
      That strikes down the application of Oklahoma's law, which the judge ruled ...is not limited to inaccuracies in transmission information that were material, lead to detrimental reliance by the recipient, and were made by a sender who intented that the misstatements be acted upon and either knew them to be inaccurate or was reckless about their truth.
      And then, the judge ruled that it didn't violate the CAN-SPAM act (The apellant, mummagraphics argued that the senders of the e-mails mislead mummagraphics as to the origin of the message, when the judge pointed out that it was a marketing e-mail- hence, it had all sorts of links and phone numbers and stuff to contact the people who had sent it.)
      Well, the judge appears to have ignored part of the law, which states:
      `(a) IN GENERAL- Whoever, in or affecting interstate or foreign commerce, knowingly--
      ..
      `(3) materially falsifies header information in multiple commercial electronic mail messages and intentionally initiates the transmission of such messages,
      The fact that the contact information was in the email is immaterial. The sender violated the plain text of the act.
      --
      The real "Libtards" are the Libertarians!
    4. Re:..of course it does. by Atlantis-Rising · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Let me guess, you're a anarcho-capitalist who believes that a world without government will be magical and sparkling and Ayan Rand would have been elected in 1952 and visted the lunar colony before flying around the world on her fusion-powered dirgible the next year, right? (the Probability Broach, in case you were wondering- apparently a seminal work in libertarian fiction.)

      The fact is, there's no real evidence the court is corrupt. I think that's quite a significant jump, and you'll need to provide me with proof of that. Sure, it's made a lot of mistakes, and even so it's more conservative than I'd like, but corrupt? I'm not willing to go that far.

      Frankly, the fact is that the court exists to interpret the constitution and oversee it's implimentation. As I can't see any particularly glaring errors in it's interpretation, your "not the type of commerce wich the text refers too" nonwithstanding, (because it's unfounded and irrelevant), it's interpretation stands until altered by a higher court.

      --
      "It is possible to commit no errors and still lose. That is not a weakness. That is life." -Peak Performance
  8. J. Harvie Wilkinson III - what a surprise... by isaac · · Score: 5, Informative

    J. Harvie Wilkinson III wrote this opinion in the 4th circuit. He's Reaganite authoritarian on the most "conservative" appellate bench in the country. You might remember him as the brave patriot who upheld the right of the executive branch of the US Government to indefinitely detain any US Citizen with no access to counsel, court, or any legal process to challenge that detention.

    Basically, the 4th circuit is an incredibly hostile place for "the little guy" when challenging a big business.

    -Isaac

    --
    I am not a lawyer, and this is not legal advice. For Entertainment Purposes Only.
    1. Re:J. Harvie Wilkinson III - what a surprise... by isaac · · Score: 2, Insightful
      I take it, then, that you disagree with the court's interpretation of federal law?


      Yes. CAN-SPAM explicitly permits individual states to "prohibit falsity or deception." In my initial reading, this court conjures up a "materiality" requirement where none exists in statute, effectively saying that forged headers aren't examples of "material" falsity or deception because there's no detrimental reliance on same. The court totally ignores the fact that this type of deception is designed to bypass filtering (upon which many rely).

      To be fair, the district court found that these errors were "immaterial" - such a determination being only relevant to this case. Judge Wilkinson essentially gutted the one area where CAN-SPAM explicitly permitted state regulation by holding that not only would "immaterial errors" henceforth not incur liability under CAN-SPAM in the 4th Circuit, but that CAN-SPAM preempts state law in the case of forged headers in plain contradiction to the clear language of the statute (US Sec 7707(b)(1)):

      This chapter supersedes any statute, regulation, or rule of a State or political
      subdivision of a State that expressly regulates the use of electronic mail to send
      commercial messages, except to the extent that any such statute, regulation, or
      rule prohibits falsity or deception in any portion of a commercial electronic mail
      message or information attached thereto.


      What part of this unusually clear language requires "material" falsity or deception? Talk about "activist judges."

      -Isaac
      --
      I am not a lawyer, and this is not legal advice. For Entertainment Purposes Only.
  9. Irony by Cauchy · · Score: 3, Funny

    Ironically enough, when I read the article, and advertisement for www.cruise.com, the spammer in question, appeared at the bottom of the page. I wonder how many people will read this article and then feel inspired to shop for a cruise from them?

  10. Re:duh by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Informative

    The people who care are the mail system administrators. Last week my company got 7000 email messages, of which 5500 were rejected at the first level mail handler and about half the remainder were still spam. I have to let that much through to prevent false positives.

    This doesn't include the dictionary attacks (15000 last week) or hacking attempts (54).

    The cost in my time is hours per week in updates and security checks.

  11. Re:duh by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

    before we get into a pissing contest about what company does what... i work for a major metro hospital. we are currently deleting about 65000 messages every 12 hours. this is stuff we consider obviously spam through a quite sophisticated algorithm. 65000 represents 86% of our email. now, ask me again why this matters.

  12. "In response to your email. by Anachragnome · · Score: 5, Interesting

    .....I have come to the decision to NEVER do business with your company, nor any of its subsidiaries. Your decision to utilize a means of advertising at the expense of consumers highlights the general business attitude your company has taken. Further emails to me will only reinforce this opinion, and quite possibly trigger a public effort, on my part, to make known to as many consumers as possible, via the internet, and any other means available to me, that your company is taking part in illegal activities (email advertising) at the expense of the very customers you are trying to do business with."

    I send this to as many spam adverts as I can. I simply cut and paste the exact same reply. And NOT to the address contained in the advert. I look up the SALES dept. address and send it to THEM. In EVERY instance I have done this, the mails stopped.

    1. Re:"In response to your email. by Phroggy · · Score: 2, Insightful

      People like you make spam harder to fight. Please stop.

      --
      $x='S24;r)>63/* h@<5+oZ)32"5cz';$me='phroggy'x$];
      $x=~y+ -xz+\0-Tx+;print$_^chop$me for split'',$x;
  13. Don't bother emailing the judge by 00Dan · · Score: 3, Insightful

    I know a few of you will probably say "What's the judges email address, let's get him some spam"

    It will not work. The judge probably has the best spam filter money can buy- an assistant that prints off legitimate emails for him to read, or deletes spam every morning for him.

    That's true for just about anyone who is involved in legislation that can stop spam. Except for their home email account, they are probably ignorant of what the real world is like.

  14. Misquote of the statute by Animats · · Score: 5, Informative

    That's a deceptive misquote of the statute, which actually reads

    This chapter supersedes any statute, regulation, or rule of a State or political subdivision of a State that expressly regulates the use of electronic mail to send commercial messages, except to the extent that any such statute, regulation, or rule prohibits falsity or deception in any portion of a commercial electronic mail message or information attached thereto.

    The judge then took a narrow view of that language. His reading of the CAN-SPAM act is that "falsity or deception" above must rise to the level of a tort, and that the false information must constitute a "material deception". He then looks at the language of the CAN-SPAM act's criminal provisions, which prohibit the initiation of a "transmission to a protected computer of a commercial electronic mail message if such person has actual knowledge, or knowledge fairly implied on the basis of objective circumstances, that a subject heading of the message would be likely to mislead a recipient, acting reasonably under the circumstances, about a material fact regarding the contents or subject matter of the message". Applying that language to divine the intent of Congress, the judge then rules that deceptive material in a spam e-mail must be believed by the recipient, and about a material fact, to be actionable.

    Now, given the facts in this case, that's not totally unreasonable. The e-mails bore a return address of "cruisedeals@cruise.com", which was non-functional. But the messages were, in fact, advertising "cruise.com" and were in fact initiated by the operators of "cruise.com". So this is not an anonymous spammer.

    This is key. The CAN-SPAM act protects spammers who properly identify themselves. (Those are today routinely caught by spam filters.) That was the clear intent of Congress, based on lobbying by the Direct Marketing Association. There was no willful obfusication by the sender here; it was clear that "cruise.com" was behind all this.

    This decision doesn't provide any relief for anonymous spammers and scammers.

  15. Re:really? by User+956 · · Score: 2, Funny

    Don't bother. None of the editors around here have even seen a dictionary, let alone realize that "procede" doesn't exist in any of them.

    Many would argue that use of "procede" is perfectly cromulent.

    --
    The theory of relativity doesn't work right in Arkansas.
  16. Federalism by Metasquares · · Score: 3, Insightful
    The 4th Circuit may have laid waste to all of those efforts.
    IMO, the court is blameless here; they're doing their job and federal laws do tend to trump state ones. It's the CAN-SPAM act that laid waste to those efforts.
  17. Re:duh by Pojut · · Score: 3, Funny

    Even better, you should tell them. Say to them "I am going to disable the spam filter for you for one week. At the end of the week, come back and tell me you don't think the filter works."

  18. so much for federalism by drDugan · · Score: 3, Informative

    as I have said many times, america is over

  19. Re:Mod UP if getting "XXXXXX wrote:" SPAM by jacksonj04 · · Score: 2, Funny

    This doesn't work in most cases, since your friends aren't usually going to quote C. S. Lewis at you. Therefore, anything which sounds like classical literature is spam.

    --
    How many people can read hex if only you and dead people can read hex?
  20. Re:Spam by Dunbal · · Score: 2, Funny

    the judge took the spam companies offer to help him enlarge his penis.

          Perhaps he got his Un1v3rsi+y d3gRe3 online, too...

    --
    Seven puppies were harmed during the making of this post.