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Rethinking the Linux Distribution?

eldavojohn writes "ONLamp.com is running an interesting article about rethinking how the community distributes Linux and the open source applications that often come with Linux. The author isn't arguing that Linux needs to become a full blown web OS over night but instead, asking if the community should be considering 'Software as a Service' and what he means by that is perhaps many of the open source applications that run on Linux should be available through a browser. The reasons for this are obvious, the code is open so anyone could host it, it would be platform independent so anyone could use it and it might attract more users to the Linux environment. The obvious note here is that many of the enterprise software makers are switching to Software as a Service, shouldn't the open source community investigate the possibility of a Web OS?"

26 of 213 comments (clear)

  1. webos by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

    WebOS: Another blathering buzzword for industry gurus in the 2000s. Thank f***ing you, Google.

    1. Re:webos by Tuoqui · · Score: 1, Insightful

      WebOS it sounds like a cereal... HEY GUYS GET YOUR WEBOS! BTW Parent is not really flamebait. I hate how they keep randomly making buzzwords

      All kidding aside... NO, Linux should not reconsider its distribution method. Software as a Service (SaaS) is not a very popular method with small and medium businesses as well since it tends to contribute into vendor lock-in.

      SaaS is all about 'renting' your software. This is what Microsoft and other big companies are trying to do. Make you have a monthly bill for Vista (LOL like its worth anything!), Office, Photoshop, AutoCAD, etc...

      Technicaly Linux is SERVICE AS A SERVICE model. Basically you give them the OS and the software (usually they have their own hardware in the case of personal computing) and if your person needs a lot of help then they buy a subscription for you to service their computers if they break. This method is very popular in the business world, not so much in the personal computer world yet.

      Of course the Linux model basically gives you all the software for free, which means that they are no longer obligated to support you as an individual (though they usually support the community with patches and updates to software for security and feature additions). If you want individual service then you pay for it but that is more of a business/enterprise level thing than something that an individual would be interested in.

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    2. Re:webos by dgatwood · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Agreed. Software-as-a-service is built on the fundamentally flawed concept that if a company has a continuous revenue stream, they will be able to "innovate" more, making more frequent updates. For customers, though, they see ift thusly: with purchased software, if the vendor screws me, I can at least keep using it, but with SAS software, I end up with data that I may not be able to use with any other service, and worse, that I may not even have access to retrieve and back up. As a result of this, consumers have been generally hostile towards the entire concept.

      Open source SAS would not really remove the lock-in, as developers could always fork their own custom version with a slightly incompatible file format to lock you into their servers. It also would not solve the problem of having to trust your data to someone who could just deside to shut down the servers and hold your data hostage. Plus, it would also add the additional problem of basing those services on software that isn't backed by a company, so there's nobody to sue when it goes wrong. It would not solve any of the problems with SAS, but would have much greater risk.

      What would be far more useful would be a Java port of an X11 server---WeirdX, for example. If that could be beefed up to the point that it works anywhere as a web applet from your own personal Linux box, and if it became sufficiently transparent---if you could open a browser window and get the same experience (performance notwithstanding) that you would get on the local head---then you would have the access-anywhere advantage of SAS without all its inherent problems. That would be useful.

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    3. Re:webos by marcello_dl · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Besides, google success in its projects can be misleading.

      Why did people begin to put apps in a web client/server architecture? Well i guess it was a combination of:
      - platform independence for clients
      - no installation problems for clients, no per seats costs.
      - availability over a network
      - programmers starting making sites with html, then using it for GUI web app toolkit:
      - lack of complete control over the interface encourages scalable and accessible interfaces (ALT for images...)

      But many of these are becoming less of a problem thanks to linux and FOSS in general.

      So on one side we have web apps becoming more powerful and networks more responsive and with better capacity.
      On the other we have good old locally run apps becoming free, multi platform, easier to install, easier to network.

      Neither side will win over the other soon, both have drawbacks, and it's stupid for linux to focus on web apps and forget the local apps where it offers advantages no other OS is able to deliver.

      And is there any OS war with web apps? With all the open source offerings (apache projects, LAMP,java/ruby/python/perl stuff) if a web app framework isn't free as in freedom and doesn't work under linux, I'm not even touching it. Not only a religious matter, as I think one step in the near future is grid computing and limiting the nodes to proprietary OSes is quite stupid, in my organization we have 100% of the servers and 15% of the desktops running linux, and linux as the option to try before givin up the hardware to get vista.

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  2. Wait by Shadow-isoHunt · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Isn't that just moving the application from one linux box(the client) to another(the server)? I mean, no sane person would use Windows to host something like that.... But on a more serious note, a lot of OSS developers don't have the money to smack down on bandwidth and machines just to host their projects - where as Google and Microsoft can afford it.

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    1. Re:Wait by Shadow-isoHunt · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Your comment is semi-irrelevant, they're only using 1 meg of traffic in writing a letter using software as a service once, but a bunch of people opening openoffice over and over and over again? That adds up to be even more bandwidth.... and could you imagine the requirements for the database?

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  3. personally, no by eneville · · Score: 2, Insightful

    i really would not like to see this. there have been some attempts at making a desktop run as a service, but in all it's not very fast. the only benefit is that the heavy work, like loading of a office suite can be done in someone else's backyard. don't you just hate it when your network goes down?

  4. Anyone? by Elentari · · Score: 3, Insightful
    "the code is open so anyone could host it"

    Is that a good selling point, from the perspective of a potential client? Browser-based applications always bring doubts about security with them, and a lot of people would be reassured in using servers owned by well-known companies, but I'm not sure how many would be enthusiastic about connecting to "anyone"'s server.

    1. Re:Anyone? by kebes · · Score: 5, Insightful
      Indeed. And there are more than just security concerns from the point of view of the user. I can't help but think that the people who are really pushing for "software as a service" are people like Microsoft, who have a vested interest in keeping control of the application, only letting the user see the GUI. The reasons are obvious: with software as a service, you have automatic customer lock-in, you can charge on a per-use basis if you want, and you don't have to worry about your end users giving copies of the software to friends. In short, it actually achieves for software what DRM and copy-protection cannot: the company has complete control over the software. So, for instance, they can radically change the user interface, or drop support for a file format, and the users can't do anything about it. They don't even have the option of staying with an "old version" since the versions change without your permission. (Google documents currently allow import/export from standards-compliant formats, but really what guarantees do we have for that going into the future.)

      My point here is that big software companies find software-as-a-service attractive, and the only thing standing in their way is bandwidth. On the other hand, open-source software doesn't care about those concerns (lock-in, etc.) so what's the point in hosting it on a server? Why not just have it on my actual computer, thereby giving me full control, and a more responsive application. In a certain sense, open-source should be advertising this as an advantage.

      And I certainly understand that open-source apps have the unique advantage that you can access them *both* on your local machine and (in principle) over the network. This is indeed a selling point. What I'm trying to get at is that open-source should be reminding people of the advantages of actually having local copies of software (source and binary!), and using this as a selling point.

      "the code is open so anyone could host it"
      That's right, since it's open-source, it can be hosted anywhere... including on my own computer.
    2. Re:Anyone? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

      In the old days I used to develop software for single, standalone machines, whereas now everything I develop is multi-tier, client server (as I suspect is the case for most people). I have also regularly been involved in the re-development of old, standalone software, into multi-tier versions. In every case, once the separation of tiers had been achieved a whole lot of benefits (such as ease of upgrades over multiple machines and the improved interactivity of those machines) were realised.

      I think that current OS's are like the old standalone software, albeit able to run more agile, client server applications on top. I suspect that if the same mind shift took place in relation to OS software development as was necessary for application software, similar benefits might be obtained.

      For example, if I ran a multi-tier OS on my own home server, would I be able to effectively have a fully functioning machine in the living room, running on a small, low powered, set top box? Moreover, wouldn't it be great to be able to update the OS on all the hardware in the house in one go?

  5. No thank you by geek · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I still work offline often at school. I also don't like the idea of my applications suddenly not working because of a browser update, nor do I like the idea of application developers having to work around browser incompatibilities. I've also never seen an in-browser MSWord like application that could do everything I needed it to. Some come close but google docs comes up short, as does every other one I've tried.

  6. Irrelevant by Colin+Smith · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Software as a service is irrelevant to the distribution of Linux. If you're running apps over the Internet, you're not distributing them. It's just another Application Service Provider who btw, mostly use Linux anyway.

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  7. Let me think... by AlXtreme · · Score: 4, Insightful

    No. Next question.

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  8. He starts off flawed. by khasim · · Score: 4, Insightful
    From TFA:

    Although there are several mature, high quality distributions available, Linux has had a very hard time breaking through in certain markets, such as the desktop.

    Yes, that is because Microsoft has a MONOPOLY on the desktop.

    So don't use Microsoft's desktop monopoly as justification for changing the current approach. Linux has been gaining marketshare. There is nothing indicating that this will change.

    In addition, the internet, which has already dramatically transformed the environment for other content-creating industries, may now alter the established methods for software packaging and installation.

    Yes, it MAY. But it also has it's own, unique, issues. Such as having to rely upon:
    #1. Your machine.
    #2. Your network.
    #3. Your ISP connection.
    #4. The ISP connection of the service provider.
    #5. The service providers hardware.

    When running the same app locally means you have to rely upon:
    #1. Your machine.

    The activities around Web 2.0 are giving rise to Software as a Service (SaaS).

    Yep, he's citing "Web 2.0". Usually, when someone cites "Web 2.0" it means that they're pushing more fantasy than Reality. And that holds true in this instance as well.

    Why trade the reliability of apps installed on your local machine for the complexity of apps hosted somewhere else? Because it's Web 2.0 and it's cool!
  9. Why "Through a Browser" by Coryoth · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Why do these "online apps" always have to be delivered "through a browser"? Why not have it delivered "through a network transparent windowing system optimized for internet connections", like say FreeNX? If, for some reason, that's a problem, why not fix the problem at the windowing level rather than keep trying to build everyting into an application that started life as a document viewer. Surely "inside the browser" is the wrong leve of abstractio here?

    1. Re:Why "Through a Browser" by Vellmont · · Score: 2, Insightful


      You'd need a hell of a good reason to change that

      The OP's reason for changing that is that html and httpd are quite limiting in the interfaces you can create. Browsers, http, html were all created with the purpose of viewing documents. The fact that they've been robust enough to replace some applications is pretty amazing, but simply having a large installed base of browsers isn't really enough reason to mandate that all networked applications should use a brower.

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    2. Re:Why "Through a Browser" by Coryoth · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Indeed, the real benefit is that if you fix things at the windowing level (which is really almost done, we just need wider uptake of FreeNX) then all of a sudden all applications are network applications -- you have the entire exisiting application base working over the network without the need to go and port each and every application to some web based AJAX monstrosity. Sure, everyone already has a web browser. Everyone using Linux (which is what we're talking about, right?) already has X11. One of them is designed and built for handling GUI applications, and already has a vast application base that runs on it.

  10. Consolation is what's needed by Blakey+Rat · · Score: 1, Insightful

    Linux would be better off reducing the number of distros than working on some hare-brained 'over-the-web' scheme that couldn't possibly work.

    I'd rather see an official GNOME distro, an official KDE distro, and a 'server' distro that people can install their own stuff on. After-all, Fedora running GNOME is more similar to Ubuntu running GNOME than Fedora running KDE, as far as users are concerned. It's ridiculous to have dozens of distros, almost all of which use one of two (or both!) windowing systems.

    1. Re:Consolation is what's needed by h4rr4r · · Score: 3, Insightful

      After-all, Fedora running GNOME is more similar to Ubuntu running GNOME than Fedora running KDE, as far as users are concerned.
      But not as far as people who actually care are concerned. Why should Linux pander to the lowest common denominator?

      It's ridiculous to have dozens of distros, almost all of which use one of two (or both!) windowing systems.
      No, it is not. Many have gigantic differences if you know more about the OS than the windowing system you are using. Try a few flavors without X even installed, and tell me they are the same.

  11. Web OS is a good thing... by laplace_man · · Score: 2, Insightful

    You can try one of those WebOS already. EyeOS is one of them ...the thing is that OSS community should start working on this kind of software soon. Fear goes away if we can download and change code for this kind of software. It's not about large companies having more bandwidth. It's about this simple question.. Can we install this software ( OSS ) on our own servers on our local network and then use low power terminals for word processing etc from there?

  12. Geez... by alyawn · · Score: 5, Insightful

    How is this a good idea? I could totally understand this if server hardware were lightyears ahead of desktop hardware. But, guess what, it's not. Should I really be running my word processor on a machine that is hosting tens of thousands of other users at the same time? Add in network latency and guess what, you've got a useless application that no one will enjoy using. I think the only reason Google has had a little success in this market is novelty topped with a little ease of document sharing. C'mon, make webservers be very, very good at sharing documents/files/whatever then you've got a good platform. Leave the user facing applications on the desktop where they belong.

  13. Not two boxes; can be one box by SEWilco · · Score: 2, Insightful

    With Linux, the client and server could be the same box. You could choose whether to install services or whether to use someone else's server.

    1. Re:Not two boxes; can be one box by Coryoth · · Score: 4, Insightful

      With Linux, the client and server could be the same box. You could choose whether to install services or whether to use someone else's server. And amazingly enough Linux already does this, and it works for every graphical application! You see X11 already has the whole client server system built in, and is even nice enough to use extra efficient methods if both client and server are the same box. You can run your application on another box, however, and have it display on your local display just fine. No need to recode applications to be web based or anything! You might (legitimately) claim that X11 is not so great over lower bandwidth connections (like the internet, as opposed to a LAN), but surely the solution is to spend time fixing X11 (with something like FreeNX which compresses X11 protocols, or creating a new lower bandwidth less chatty X12 protocol). That way you only have to fix one piece of software (the windowing system) and all the existing software will magically work, as opposed to having to fix/change every single piece of software on the system to somehow be web based...
  14. six reasons this is a stupid article by bcrowell · · Score: 4, Insightful
    1. He throws in the idea of using python as a system administration language, which has nothing to do with the rest of the article.
    2. The biggest thing that's slowing down linux adoption on the desktop is the fact that most users are not competent to install their own OS -- any OS. Software as a service doesn't help with that.
    3. Another thing that's slowing down linux adoption on the desktop is the fact that users are used to Microsoft's apps. Software as a service doesn't help with that.
    4. ...and people have their files stuck in proprietary formats. Software as a service doesn't help with that.
    5. Software as a service is predicated on the assumption that traditional software costs money, and is a hassle to install. In the OSS world, software is free, and easy to install (e.g., on ubuntu).
    6. Web 2.0 aspires to work transparently on all systems and browsers; that's one of its main attractions. So why does it have anything to do with linux distributions?
  15. Stop posting this crap by Excelcia · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Yes, it's an inflammatory subject, but it's exactly what needs to happen. "Software as a service" is the wet dream of many corporations right now, because it offers a per use pricing model and offloads an enormous amount of control to the vendor. When their machines run everything, it's DRM heaven.

    Certain software works well as a service. Anything that is inherently multi-user, such as social chat, collaboration, bulletin boards (including the so-called Web 2.0, which is really not much more innovative than the dial-up bulletin boards of the '80s) - all those things work well as a network service. The querying of large databases can work well too, depending on what the data is. Google, encyclopedias, etc. Certain software doesn't. OpenOffice will always work best on the desktop.

    "Software as a service" is a catch phrase the editors here seem to like to push in articles as it riles up those of us who know better and attracts comments. Comments attract more comments, and this pumps up Slashdot. The thing is, this type of behaviour is self-defeating, as while it does churn the butter, but some spills out. Every time you poke a stick into a hornets nest, sure, the hive will get all riled, but some will just get fed up fly somewhere else, and it does nothing to attract new blood.

    So, for everyone's sake, please stop posting crap like this.

  16. no.....seriously no by wellingj · · Score: 2, Insightful

    As far as I can tell the perceived benefit of software as service (or 'web os' as some people cal it) is that it will
    cost less. Well how can you cost less than a distribution like Debian or Ubuntu? Granted another benefit is that
    you can run software as service on less expensive hardware, but come on, are you trying to tell me that a $250
    desktop is too expensive?

    News Fash: Hardware is cheap.
    It's the software that's the expensive part of business. I don't think FOSS should volunteer bandwidth and server
    time like that. Doesn't FOSS already give enough, hosting free software in repositories making it that much more
    convenient to use the software you want at any time?