Slashdot Mirror


Bacteria Found Alive In Ice 120,000 Years Old

FiReaNGeL notes research presented this morning at Penn State on the discovery of a new, ultra-small species of bacteria that has survived for more than 120,000 years within the ice of a Greenland glacier at a depth of nearly two miles. From the psu.edu announcement: "The microorganism's ability to persist in this low-temperature, high-pressure, reduced-oxygen, and nutrient-poor habitat makes it particularly useful for studying how life, in general, can survive in a variety of extreme environments on Earth and possibly elsewhere in the solar system. This new species is among the ubiquitous, yet mysterious, ultra-small bacteria, which are so tiny that they are able to pass through microbiological filters. Called Chryseobacterium greenlandensis, the species is related genetically to certain bacteria found in fish, marine mud, and the roots of some plants."

52 of 326 comments (clear)

  1. Young earth creationists by genner · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Have another reason to point and laugh.

    1. Re:Young earth creationists by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Funny

      My Lordship/Friend, Calvary greetings in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, I am former Mrs Sikiratu Seki Adams, now Mrs Comfort Faith Adams, a widow to Late Saheed Baba Adams. I am 72years old, I am now a new Christian convert,suffering from long time cancer of the breast. From all indications, my condition is really deteriorating and is quite obvious that I may not live more than six months, because the cancer stage has gotten to a very severe stage. My late husband was killed during the Gulf war, and during the period of our marriage we had a son whowas also killed in a cold blood during the Gulf war. My late husband was very wealthy and after his death, I inherited all his business and wealth. My personal physician told me that I may not live for more than six months and I am so scared about this. So, I now decided to divide part of this wealth, by contributing to the development of evangelism in Africa,America, Europe and Asian Countries. This mission which will no doubt be tasking had made me to recently relocated to Nigeria, Africa where I live presently. I selected your church after visiting the website for this purpose and prayed over it, I am willing to donate the sum of $3.000,000.00 Million US Dollars to your church/Ministry for the development of evangelism and also as aids for the less privileged around you. Please note that, this fund is lying in a Security Company in Holland and the company has branches, therefore my lawyer will file an immediate application for the transfer of the money in the name of your ministry. Please, do not reply me if you have the intention of using this fund for personal use other than enhancement of evangelism. Lastly, I want you/your ministry to be praying for me as regards my entire life and my health because I have come to find out since my spiritual birth lately that wealth acquisition without! Jesus Christ in one's life is vanity upon vanity. If you have to die says the Lord, keep fit and I will give you the crown of life. May the Grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, the love of God, and the sweet fellowship of the Holy Spirit be with you. I await your urgent reply. Yours in Christ Mrs. Comfort Adams. Christ Live Church, Bodija, Ibadan, Nigeria. "To her [Mary] I entrust you, that the New Woman, Mother of the Church and of the New Humanity, may be your inspiration in the discovery of a new feminine identity in the Gospel perspective." - John Paul II, Sept. 4, 1988

    2. Re:Young earth creationists by murky_lurker · · Score: 5, Funny

      Well, I guess that just about wraps it up for God.

    3. Re:Young earth creationists by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

      You're not supposed to believe in science. That's the point; repeatability and maintaining a healthy scepticism.

    4. Re:Young earth creationists by geekoid · · Score: 5, Insightful

      "Newsflash: some people don't believe in science. Get over it."

      I have never seen anyone so succinctly indicated there lack of understanding what science is.

      Newsflash: It doesn't require belief.

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    5. Re:Young earth creationists by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

      About 1/3 of the U.S. public debt?

    6. Re:Young earth creationists by rhombic · · Score: 4, Informative

      FYI it's a very tiny number of believers that think the creation is literal.

      The Gallup poll says otherwise. Average of '05, '06, & '07 polls indicated 31% of Americans believed that the bible is the "Actual word of God, to be taken literaly".

      ~100,000,000 people is not a very tiny number.

      --
      1984 was supposed to be a warning, not an instruction manual.
    7. Re:Young earth creationists by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Funny

      God put those bacteria there to test our faith

    8. Re:Young earth creationists by Idiomatick · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Well that certainly is convenient. I wonder why the bible has so many specific dates if its not literal. Anyways if you read any book that was filled with non-literal stories why would you believe any of it. Thats the exact same as trusting a known liar. If creation is just a metaphor then so is god, jesus and everything else in the bible. Either believe it all or none of it. I hate pick and choose believers. Too cowardly to abandon an ancient book yet too sensible to believe it.
       
        I'm sure i'll get modded down for bashing the religious folk. Before you do, re-read it and pretend i was talking about a religion you don't like such as satanism or .... wicca.

    9. Re:Young earth creationists by geekoid · · Score: 4, Funny

      AS soon as I hit commit, I saw my "There" mistake and new there would be a comment about that.
      Not that it matters, there are plenty of best sellers and classic with bad grammar.
      Yes, I know there are others.

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    10. Re:Young earth creationists by RanCossack · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I've yet to hear a proof that there is no God that would not serve equally well to prove there is no DM when used in-character in D&D.

    11. Re:Young earth creationists by Wandering+Wombat · · Score: 4, Funny

      Don't you watch Moral Orel? God made Technology to make our lives easier. The Devil made Science to prove God wrong.

      --
      I like to place meaningful quotes in my sig, so people will know that I know what meaningful quotes are.
    12. Re:Young earth creationists by Idiomatick · · Score: 4, Funny

      :/ you can't DISPROVE god.... but thats not the point, you can't PROVE god is. The burden of proof is on the religious....
       
        Also i could probably prove the DM exists in most D&D campaigns from the characters POV.... though i do like the analogy, it should replace cars on slashdot to represent the world. Nerdier than cars and if anything weird happened we could blame it on gnomes.

    13. Re:Young earth creationists by genericpoweruser · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Are you saying there are 4 billion Christians? Is that true? I always imagined it was pretty evenly split between Christianity, Muslim, and Buddhism.

      --
      A fool and his lamb are worth two in the bush.
    14. Re:Young earth creationists by Reality+Master+101 · · Score: 4, Insightful

      This to me sounds strangely like religion. Somewhere along the line you have to place trust or belief in something. Nothing is empirical when you're trusting an "authority" on a subject.

      The difference is that I can interrogate a scientist and demand his evidence for his beliefs, then draw my own conclusions. When God allows me to interrogate him to prove his existence, then God will be on the same level of trust as scientists.

      --
      Sometimes it's best to just let stupid people be stupid.
    15. Re:Young earth creationists by taylortbb · · Score: 3, Insightful

      I don't think the GP was saying they don't believe in science, hence their claim "there are no YEC's on slashdot." The GP was merely pointing out that some people lack faith in the scientific method.

      You say science doesn't require faith, but it does require a small bit, a belief that past trends are indicative future events. I personally consider this to be a simple obvious truth, and therefore I personally have complete faith in the scientific method. For some reason however not all people share my belief in the scientific method. The rest of the world can ridicule them and laugh at them, but so called "flat earthers" do exist, whether they should or not.

    16. Re:Young earth creationists by Chris+Burke · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Well that certainly is convenient. I wonder why the bible has so many specific dates if its not literal. Anyways if you read any book that was filled with non-literal stories why would you believe any of it. Thats the exact same as trusting a known liar. If creation is just a metaphor then so is god, jesus and everything else in the bible. Either believe it all or none of it. I hate pick and choose believers. Too cowardly to abandon an ancient book yet too sensible to believe it.

      Yeah, after all, why would you want to spend the time trying to understand the meaning, when you can just make a binary "all myth" or "all fact" choice that completely ignores all the nuance? I mean, it's not like the text itself could possibly contain any hints as to which is which! It's a-priori all or nothing!

      I hate people who try to tell others how they should believe in a religion that they themselves don't even believe in or understand. Guess what? You don't get to decide what someone believes. You don't get to call something "picking and choosing" just because you don't grasp the concept that somebody read the book and understood parts of it to be allegory, parts of it literal. You don't get to decide that it is impossible for something to contain both the literal and the figurative, in this case because that's idiotic.

      I'm sure i'll get modded down for bashing the religious folk. Before you do, re-read it and pretend i was talking about a religion you don't like such as satanism or .... wicca.

      Okay. Stop telling Wiccans what is a valid way to view and practice their religion, you ignorant bigot.

      --

      The enemies of Democracy are
    17. Re:Young earth creationists by Oktober+Sunset · · Score: 3, Funny

      I bet Bush wishes he had replied to that email now doesn't he.

    18. Re:Young earth creationists by thealsir · · Score: 2, Informative
      --
      Do not downmod posts "overrated" simply because you disagree with them.
    19. Re:Young earth creationists by Reality+Master+101 · · Score: 5, Interesting

      You have your chance to ask now.

      I ask, but funny enough, nothing happens. I also ask Ra and Zeus to appear, and the identical thing happens.

      And you will definitely have your chance in the future.

      Should that happen, I will definitely ask him why he set up such a stupid system. If he wanted to be worshipped, he shouldn't have set everything up to appear as though he doesn't exist, and he shouldn't have made religion so absurdly irrational. I'd also probably ask him why, if he's all powerful, why he cares whether we worship him or not. Does it hurt his feelings or something? Or maybe he needs the ego stroke? If I was setting up a universe as my plaything and/or experiment, I'd hardly care about whether the individual pawns are worshipping me. It's kind of like caring whether people in The Sims are aware that a god outside their universe is watching them.

      Or maybe that's the point of the experiment -- give people intelligence, sprinkle a few hints early on in ancient history, then put mountains of contrary evidence around, and see how long people take to overcome the early conditioning that God existed.

      In fact -- I bet that's it! God will reward those who don't believe in him, because they used the intelligence God gave them to overcome irrationality and the fear instilled by the church. The ones who will be punished are the ones who rejected the intelligence that God gave them. If I was God, that's how I would dole out rewards. And given that God is rational and intelligent (though, the Old Testament kind of argues against both those, but I digress), this is clearly what will happen, should there actually be an afterlife. Better repent your beliefs now, just in case I'm right!

      --
      Sometimes it's best to just let stupid people be stupid.
    20. Re:Young earth creationists by 0111+1110 · · Score: 3, Insightful

      I'm sure i'll get modded down for bashing the religious folk. You must be new here.
      --
      Quite an experience to live in fear, isn't it? That's what it is to be a slave.
  2. Addendum to the report by elrous0 · · Score: 5, Funny
    Further reports indicate that communication with the Penn State research station that unearthed the bacteria broke off shortly after the discovery. Another nearby research station is planning an expedition to the site, however, after discovering one of the Penn State sled dogs wandering into their camp.

    "This is a great discovery. There is nothing at all to worry about." said the oddly-behaving scientist who discovered the sled dog.

    --
    SJW: Someone who has run out of real oppression, and has to fake it.
  3. 120,000?? by The_DoubleU · · Score: 4, Funny

    But..... the earth is only 6000 years old.
    Somebody is lying!

    --
    What power has law where only money rules.
  4. But what about quality of life by techmuse · · Score: 5, Funny

    Sure, the bacteria survived. But how do you think it felt, being trapped in ice for 120,000 years? The first few years were probably ok. After that, it probably got really good at checkers. After the 1000th year, it proved that P=NP. At year 10,000, it dreamed of starting its own civilization. But then it started to go mad. Mad. MAD, I tell you. Now that it is free, the bacteria wants nothing but to seek revenge upon all other life forms for continuing to prosper and evolve while it was trapped beneath the ice. Buried alive. Buried alive...

    (Kaaaaahn....)

    1. Re:But what about quality of life by pwnies · · Score: 4, Funny

      Sadly the proof that P=NP that was etched into the ice was melted as scientists began the process of extracting the vengeful bacteria.
      Ironically, the reason for it melting was due to the scientists using more bore holes than necessary to connect all of the pockets of bacteria cultures in the ice.

  5. Only 120,000 years old? by gyrogeerloose · · Score: 4, Funny

    Hell, I've got bacteria in my refrigerator that's as old as that.

    --
    This ain't rocket surgery.
  6. Hopefully it's harmless by tiedyejeremy · · Score: 3, Funny

    I would hate to discover that this was a rare bacteria that produces greenhouse gasses... and will begin to reproduce rapidly now that it's free.

    --
    Anything you say will be held against you. ... "tits"
    1. Re:Hopefully it's harmless by Loibisch · · Score: 4, Funny

      Maybe it's a bacteria that EATS greenhouse gases and we're all saved (well, except for Greepeace who will be out of a job...)

  7. Re:Anonymouse Coward by Neuropol · · Score: 4, Funny

    In soviet Russia, bacteria finds you frozen in ice thousands of years later.

  8. Achoo! by cobyrne · · Score: 2, Funny

    Do we ...

    (Achoo!)

    *sniff*

    ... have any immunity?

  9. I have to wonder... by hyades1 · · Score: 4, Funny

    If you put the bacteria into a radioactive, poisonous desert with a rat, a cockroach, Cher and a lawyer, which would survive longest, and would it actually eat the others?

    --
    I've calculated my velocity with such exquisite precision that I have no idea where I am.
  10. What's Next? by Dareth · · Score: 5, Funny

    I am sure after all these years, this bacteria is either:

    A) Eager to evolve into an organism capable of having sex.

    B) Eager to start posting regularly on Slashdot.

    Yes, these options are mutually exclusive.

    --

    I only look human.
    My mother is a halfling and my dad is an ogre, so that makes me an Ogreling
  11. Flesh eating bacteria by WarJolt · · Score: 4, Funny

    This new species is among the ubiquitous, yet mysterious, ultra-small bacteria, which are so tiny that they are able to pass through microbiological filters. I'm always afraid when scientists get a hold of new species of bacteria. They always do something crazy with them like make rabbits glow.
    I can just see it now...

    Breaking news:
    Scientists have genetically engineered flesh-eating bacteria that is too small for scientists to detect. Drinking from your faucet is in advised as no filter can filter them out. Symptoms include explosive diarrhea then your eyeballs will fall out.
  12. Oblig. Futurama by Dachannien · · Score: 5, Funny

    But how do you think it felt, being trapped in ice for 120,000 years? Fry: "Bender! What was it like, lying in that hole for a thousand years?"
    Bender: "I was enjoying it until you guys showed up!"
  13. John Mccain called ... by vivek7006 · · Score: 4, Funny

    He wants his ice-cream back

  14. I think you'll be safe by NIckGorton · · Score: 4, Funny
    If you RTFA, you'll see the thing only grows in cold, low nutrient, low oxygen environments. We are (generally) warm, high nutrient, high oxygen environments.

    After watching a fictional killer virus on "I Am Legend", I am feeling nervous about new germs in labs. That's why its called fiction.
    1. Re:I think you'll be safe by jd · · Score: 2, Funny

      If fictional viruses can be that lethal, just imagine what the real ones can do.

      --
      It's a small world and it smells funny; I'd buy another if it wasn't for the money; Take back what I paid (SoM)
  15. If it was small enough.. by eieken · · Score: 4, Interesting

    To pass through a microbiological filter, how did they find it? The article states how they study the bacteria, but how did they know to process this one specific piece of ice for ancient bacteria? Were they just going through thousands of tons of ancient ice core and happened upon it by accident?

    --
    Meet new people, and kill them.
    1. Re:If it was small enough.. by RockDoctor · · Score: 2, Insightful

      To pass through a microbiological filter, how did they find it?
      Most likely they were examining part of the core and they "slabbed" it for ease of handling and recording. Core comes out of the ground as cylinders, so all faces are curved, and that makes it hard to examine, measure and photograph (looking for dust bands, flow lines etc). So SOP is to cut the core along a chord (leaving two unequal segments) and then to cut the larger segment into two equal halves. Typically (for rock cores, in the oil industry), one of the large segments goes to each partner in the project and the small initial segment goes to the government ; in this case I'd expect one large segment to go straight back to the core store for any necessary replications in the future, while the other large segment and the small one are taken off for whatever your experiment is.

      These two cuts will generate significant waste rock or ice. If I were doing this, with normal 1m-long core sections, I'd clean off the saw and table after each section (giving ice shavings in 1m-long bags), then melt each bag separately and "plate" each bag separately. "Plating" is the taking of an innoculum at (various) dilutions into (various different nutrients) petri dishes and/ or culture bottles and incubating. You'd also check the "blank" regularly - plating your dilution saline, etc. It sounds like they plated both the raw melted ice AND melted ice that had been put through a microbial filter and got the same results from both.

      Obviously their experimental protocol had been designed to include microbiological sampling, so one can assume that clean-room techniques were in operation further up the material-handling pipeline.

      --
      Birds are not dinosaur descendants;birds are dinosaurs, for all useful meanings of "birds", "are" and "dinosaurs"
  16. 120,000 Years Old ?? by lexsco · · Score: 2, Funny

    How do they know ? Did they ask it when it's birthday was ? Cut one in half and count the rings ??

    1. Re:120,000 Years Old ?? by geekoid · · Score: 4, Informative

      "Cut one in half and count the rings ??" in a manner.
      Depth of ice,number of layers and maybe radiological testing.

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
  17. Alternate Link With Electron MIcroscopic Image by __aanonl8035 · · Score: 5, Informative


    Same exact text, but with a picture, from physorg.

    http://www.physorg.com/news131712233.html

    1. Re:Alternate Link With Electron MIcroscopic Image by FiReaNGeL · · Score: 4, Informative

      Actually the link I submitted was http://esciencenews.com/articles/2008/06/03/a.survivor.greenland.a.novel.bacterial.species.found.trapped.120000.year.old.ice

      which has 3 pictures. For some reason the editor changed it.

  18. Phoenix by lilfields · · Score: 2, Interesting

    When I first read the headline I was hoping it was the a "life on Mars" discovery from the Phoenix...article doesn't deliver...

    Though I do wonder if this has implications for the Mars mission?

  19. The real question... by smbarbour · · Score: 3, Funny

    How will this discovery save our bananas?

  20. C'mon... come ooooon... by Reptonised · · Score: 2, Funny

    Clearly the bacteria was waiting for the Nintendo Wii, but overshot the release date a little..

  21. 120,000 year old Bacteria UnEarthed by AKabral · · Score: 2, Funny

    . . . only to die of gobal warming . . .

    --
    The outcome of any serious research can only be to make two questions grow where only one grew before. - Thorstein
  22. Re:so in some way by Pfhorrest · · Score: 3, Insightful

    the bacteria "knew" the ice was gonna start melting some day?

    if it didn't then what's the purpose of staying "alive" for 120000 years? Evolution is not teleological (which means "purposive" or "goal-oriented"). This bacterium happened to be able to survive long periods in the freezing cold due to some mutation or another. This would be a big evolutionary advantage because it could then live and reproduce in areas where most other things cannot.

    Some of these bacteria got frozen for 120,000 years. They weren't waiting for it to thaw out; they're just out there living in the cold regions where nothing else can live, and sticking it out even when it gets too cold for them.

    Analogously, imagine that there is some primitive tribe of humans with no knowledge of climatology, currently living in tropical or desert climes who, unbeknown to anyone, have a mutation which allows them to survive in hibernation in freezing cold temperatures, and then reawaken when it warms up again. They did not evolve this because they needed to survive freezing cold temperatures, they just have a genetic adaptation which is not disadvantageous, and might even correlate with some other adaptation which is advantageous. And because they live in warm climes, nobody knows they have this mutation.

    Then say someday we enter another great ice age, so cold that everybody on Earth dies out, except this tribe, who barely manages to live on for thousands of years, frozen in the ice, due to their mutation. And then eventually the ice age ends and the world gets nice and warm, these people thaw out and start living their lives again.

    Now imagine we're aliens watching this future Earth thaw out. We might ask, did these people know that an ice age was coming? No... they've probably never even heard of ice. So they certainly didn't know that the ice age they never expected was going to end eventually. So what's the purpose of them having this mutation that allowed them to stay "alive" frozen in the ice for thousands of years? The answer is that there was none; they didn't mean to have the mutation, and nobody meant for them to have the mutation, they just had it by chance, and as chance would have it it came in really handy when the whole world froze over and everybody but them died out, which is why they're still around for us to wonder about.

    Or in short: They didn't get the mutation so that they could survive. They survived because they had the mutation.
    --
    -Forrest Cameranesi, Geek of all Trades
    "I am Sam. Sam I am. I do not like trolls, flames, or spam."
  23. Proving such a negative is essentially impossible by aepervius · · Score: 2, Interesting

    You should take some logic courses. Which is why the burden of proof is NOT on "proving there is no God", but rather on "proving there is a God". Since the second is also a shaky proposition (up to now the number of evidence which stand even a slight scrutinies is equal to zero), ANY God's existence (Christian or not) stand to be forever on the SAME level as the existence of gnome, leprechauns, dragon, santa and unicorns. The difference is the number of people believing in all those things without having any evidences whatsoever, and that last point is neither a point for or against a more probable existence of any gods. Contrary to what many people believe, the probability existence of a gods is not linked to the amount of believer it was worshiped by. Actually it was the-goddess-mother (the one worshiped 20K-30K or more years ago) the only goddess of creation, and since then we are all screwed because we switched from matriarchal to patriarchal gods, and she don't like that one a bit.

    --
    C. Sagan : A demon haunted world:
    http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0345409469/
    visit randi.org
  24. Re:so in some way by 0111+1110 · · Score: 2, Insightful

    While evolution isn't, life is. It seems there are two purposes in every form of life:
    1) Spread your genetic material
    2) Don't die. Someone is watching too much porn. I think you have those in the wrong order. I am alive and have no interest in either of those goals. But especially not #1. In fact just the opposite. I would much rather die than spread any of my genetic material.
    --
    Quite an experience to live in fear, isn't it? That's what it is to be a slave.
  25. Obligatory quote by Yvan256 · · Score: 2, Funny

    "The first ten million years were the worst, and the second ten million years, they were the worst too. The third ten million I didn't enjoy at all. After that I went into a bit of a decline." - Marvin

  26. Here's a thought experiment by spun · · Score: 2, Insightful

    In another universe God set up, froodling is a deadly sin. In this universe, it is impossible to froodle. In both universes, free will exists. If you accept the possibility of this premise, then you must accept the possibility that God could have set up a universe where free exists, but sin is impossible.

    Just be thankful we don't live in the universe where every possible action is a sin.

    As to your point about free will and proof, I simply don't understand how you can say that proof and free will are mutually exclusive. Are you saying that proof in mathematics doesn't exist, or that free will doesn't?

    --
    - None can love freedom heartily, but good men; the rest love not freedom, but license. -- John Milton