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Dealing With a Copyright Takedown Request?

George Maschke writes "I recently received a takedown notice from a corporate lawyer demanding that I remove a post on my Web site's message board. It purportedly lists the first 75 of 567 questions on the MMPI-2 paper-and-pencil psychological test. It seems to me that such posting of a limited amount copyrighted material for discussion purposes on a public-interest, non-profit Web site falls within the scope of the fair use exemption of US copyright law. I have thus declined to remove the post. I believe that the corporation in question is seeking to chill public discussion of its test, which applicants for employment with many governmental agencies are required to complete. I would be interested in this community's thoughts on the matter."

15 of 547 comments (clear)

  1. Advice by MightyMartian · · Score: 5, Insightful

    I'm sure most people will agree that what you've done falls well within the realm of fair use. But you know very well that you're going to need to talk to legal counsel with expertise in copyright matters, and that means money. Maybe someone with contacts in the Electronic Frontier Foundation could give you a hand. Sometimes having a lawyer responding to the guy making the threat is enough to make them back down.

    --
    The world's burning. Moped Jesus spotted on I50. Details at 11.
    1. Re:Advice by unlametheweak · · Score: 5, Funny

      And now for the standard disclaimer: Legal advice is given by an attorney duly admitted to practice law...

      Bullshit. I'm not a lawyer and I give legal advice all the time, sometimes on things I'm barely competent to even talk about.

    2. Re:Advice by yali · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Fair use is an affirmative defense, you can't just claim it as a right but have to prove your use was "fair" in court.

      Mod parent up -- this quote is key. Popular folklore on the Internets holds that there is a certain percentage of material you can post that qualifies as fair use. That is bogus. Fair use is a judgment call based on a balance of four factors. From the linked Stanford Law site: "The only way to get a definitive answer on whether a particular use is a fair use is to have it resolved in federal court."

      The copyright holders probably would argue that the amount of quoted material is excessive (one of the 4 factors) and that simply posting the items for discussion does not have adequate "transformative value" (another factor). Furthermore, they would probably argue that copying those test items will have a significant detrimental effect on the market for their product (yet another of the factors). On this point, they may well have the American Psychological Association backing them up. The official position of the APA is that psychological tests require careful protection because disclosing their content can invalidate the tests. If this went to court, judge would probably be strongly influenced by a friend-of-the-court brief from the world's largest professional society of psychologists.

      Disclaimer: I am not a lawyer either.

  2. chillingeffects.org by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

    Go immediately to http://www.chillingeffects.org/

  3. 75 of 567 is *NOT* "limited amount" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Sorry, but 13% of the content is not "limited". If I reprint 85 pages of "Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince", would you consider that a "limited amount"? I don't think the publisher would... Not to mention you say "the first 75"... If it had been a 'random' 75, with commentary and discussion for each one; that would be one thing. Even then, it would be dubious. Even if I split it into one-paragraph sections, with commentary and discussion between each paragraph, 85 pages worth of Harry Potter would be difficult to claim under fair use.

    For example, the usage of 400 words out of a 500 page book was considered infringement: Harper Row vs. Nation Enterprises.

    Now, according to the wonderful DMCA, if you take the material down now, *YOU* are safe from prosecution. If you present the user of your board the opportunity to protest, then if they want to put it back up, *THEY* become the responsible party.

  4. Update on Situation by George+Maschke · · Score: 5, Interesting
    Since I posted this to Slashdot a few days ago, my webhosting provider (CanadianWebhosting.com) received a communication from its bandwidth provider (Peer1.com) that unless the post that was the subject of the DMCA takedown notice was removed, the entire server (which hosts other Canadian Webhosting customers, too) would be taken offline. So I reluctantly agreed to temporarily remove the post in question and have replaced it with a brief notice explaining the situation.

    Peer1.com seems to be under the impression that once a DMCA takedown notice is received, the material mentioned in the notice must be removed for a period of 14 days, after which, if the complainant does not provide notification that it has sought a court order, the material may be restored. However, my understanding is that the material may be placed back on-line (PDF) promptly upon the service provider's receipt of a counter-claim (which I have already sent), that is, there is no need to wait 14 days.

    It's also worth noting that Pearson, the copyright holder of the MMPI-2, filed a takedown notice for the very same post in 2007. We promptly filed a counter-notice, Pearson took no further action, and we thought the matter resolved. Has anyone had a problem with a copyright holder filing repeated DMCA takedown notices to one's service provider for the same material?

    --

    George W. Maschke
    AntiPolygraph.org

  5. What, These Questions? by Quothz · · Score: 5, Informative
    MMPI 2 TEST QUESTIONS IN ORDER

    TRUE OR FALSE (567 QUESTIONS)

    1.I like mechanics magazines

    2.I have a good appetite

    3.I wake up fresh & rested most mornings

    4.I think I would like the work of a librarian

    5.I am easily awakened by noise

    6.I like to read newspaper articles on crime

    7.My hands and feet are usually warm enough

    8.My daily life is full of things that keep me interested

    9.I am about as able to work as I ever was

    10.There seems to be a lump in my throat much of the time

    11.A person should try to understand his dreams and be guided by or take warning from them

    12.I enjoy detective or mystery stories

    13.I work under a great deal of tension

    14.I have diarrhea once a month or more

    15.Once in a while I think of things too bad to talk about

    16.I am sure I get a raw deal from life

    17.My father was a good man

    18.I am very seldom troubled by constipation

    19.When I take a new, I like to be tipped off on whom should be gotten next to

    20.My sex life is satisfactory

    21.At times I have very much wanted to leave home

    22.At times I have fits of laughing & crying that I cannot control

    23.I am troubled by attacks of nausea and vomiting

    24.No one seems to understand me

    25.I would like to be a singer

    26.I feel that it is certainly best to keep my mouth shut when Iâ(TM)m in trouble

    27.Evil spirits possess me at times

    28.When someone does me a wrong I feel I should pay him back if I can, just for the principle of the thing.

    29.I am bothered by acid stomach several times a week

    30.At times I feel like swearing

    31.I have nightmares every few nights

    32.I find it hard to keep my mind on a task or job

    33.I have had very peculiar and strange experiences

    34.I have a cough most of the time

    35.If people had not had it in for me I would have been much more successful

    36.I seldom worry about my heath

    37.I have never been in trouble because of my sex behavior

    38.During one period when I was a youngster I engaged in petty thievery

    39.At times I feel like smashing things

    40.Most any time I would rather sit and daydream than to do anything else

    41.I have had periods of days, weeks, or months when I couldnâ(TM)t take care of things because I couldnâ(TM)t âoeget goingâ

    42.My family does not like the work I have chosen ( or the work I intend to choose for my life work)

    43.My sleep is fitful and disturbed

    44.Much of the time my head seems to hurt all over

    45.I do not always tell the truth

    46.My judgment is better than it ever was

    47.Once a week or oftener I feel suddenly hot all over without apparent cause

    48.When I am with people I am bothered by hearing very queer things

    49.It would be better if almost all laws were thrown away

    50.My soul sometimes leaves my body

    51.I am in just as good physical health as most of my friends

    52.I prefer to pass by school friends, or people I know but have not seen for a long time, unless they speak to me first

    53.A minister can cure disease by praying and putting his hand on your head

    54.I am liked by most people who know me

    55.I am almost never bothered by pains over the heart or in my chest

    56.As a youngster I was suspended from school one or more times for cutting up

    57.I am a good mixer

    58.Everything is turning out just like the prophets of the Bible said it would

    59.I have often had to take orders from someone who did not know as much as I did

    60.I do not read every editorial in the newspaper everyday

    61.I have not lived the right kind of life

    62.Parts of my body often have feeling like burning, tingling, crawling, or like âoegoing to sleepâ

    63.I have had no difficulty in starting or holding my bowel movement

    64.I sometimes keep

    1. Re:What, These Questions? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Not quite, it's these questions: 1. I like mechanics magazines. 2. I have a good appetite. 3. I wake up fresh and rested most mornings. 4. I think I would enjoy the work of a librarian. 5. I am easily awakened by noise. 6. My father is a good man (or if your father is dead) my father was a good man. 7. I like to read newspaper articles on crime. 8. My hands and feet are usually warm enough. 9. My daily life is full of things that keep me interested. 10. I am about as able to work as I ever was. 11. There seems to be a lump in my throat much of the time. 12. My sex life is satisfactory. 13. People should try to understand their dreams and be guided by or take warning from them. 14. I enjoy detective or mystery stories. 15. I work under a great deal of tension. 16. Once in a while I think of things too bad to talk about. 17. I am sure I get a raw deal from life. 18. I am troubled by attacks of nausea and vomiting. 19. When I take a new job, I like to find out whom it is important to be nice to. 20. I am very seldom bothered by constipation. 21. At times I have very much wanted to leave home. 22. No one seems to understand me. 23. At times I have fits of laughing and crying that I cannot control. 24. Evil spirits possess me at times. 25. I would like to be a singer. 26. I feel that it is certainly best to keep my mouth shut when I am in trouble. 27. When people do me wrong, I feel I should pay them back, just for the principle of the thing. 28. I am bothered by an upset stomach several times a week. 29. At times I feel like swearing. 30. I have nightmares every few nights. 31. I find it hard to keep my mind on a task or job. 32. I have had very peculiar and strange experiences. 33. I seldom worry about my health. 34. I have never been in trouble because of my sexual behavior. 35. Sometimes when I was young I stole things. 36. I have a cough most of the time. 37. At times I feel like smashing things. 38. I have had periods of days, weeks, or months when I couldnâ(TM)t take care of things because I couldnâ(TM)t âoeget goingâ. 39. My sleep is fitful and disturbed. 40. Much of the time, my head seems to hurt all over. 41. I do not always tell the truth. 42. If people had not had it in for me, I would have been much more successful. 43. My judgment is better than it ever was. 44. Once a week (or more often) I suddenly feel hot all over, for no reason. 45. I am in just as good physical health as most of my friends. 46. I prefer to pass by school friends, or people I know but have not seen for a long time, unless they speak to me first. 47. I am almost never bothered by pains over my heart or in my chest. 48. Most anytime I would rather sit and daydream than do anything else. 49. I am a very sociable person. 50. I have often had to take orders from someone who did not know as much as I did. 51. I do not read every editorial in the newspaper every day. 52. I have not lived the right kind of life. 53. Parts of my body often have feelings like burning, tingling, crawling, or like âoegoing to sleepâ. 54. My family does not like the work I have chosen (or the work I intend to choose for my lifework). 55. I sometimes keep on at a thing until others lose their patience with me. 56. I wish I could be as happy as others seem to be. 57. I hardly ever feel pain in the back of my neck. 58. I think a great many people exaggerate their misfortunes in order to gain the sympathy and help of others. 59. I am troubled by discomfort in the pit of my stomach every few days or so. 60. When I am with people I am bothered by hearing very strange things. 61. I am an important person. 62. I have often wished I were a girl. (or if you are a girl) I have never been sorry that I am a girl. 63. My feelings are not easily hurt. 64. I enjoy reading love stories. 65. Most of the time I feel blue. 66. It would be better if almost all laws were thrown away. 67. I like poetry. 68. I sometimes tease animals. 69. I think I would like the kind of work a forest ranger does. 70. I am easily downed in an argument. 71. These days I find it h

  6. text by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

    MMPI 2 TEST QUESTIONS IN ORDER
    TRUE OR FALSE (567 QUESTIONS)

    1.I like mechanics magazines
    2.I have a good appetite
    3.I wake up fresh & rested most mornings
    4.I think I would like the work of a librarian
    5.I am easily awakened by noise
    6.I like to read newspaper articles on crime
    7.My hands and feet are usually warm enough
    8.My daily life is full of things that keep me interested
    9.I am about as able to work as I ever was
    10.There seems to be a lump in my throat much of the time
    11.A person should try to understand his dreams and be guided by or take warning from them
    12.I enjoy detective or mystery stories
    13.I work under a great deal of tension
    14.I have diarrhea once a month or more
    15.Once in a while I think of things too bad to talk about
    16.I am sure I get a raw deal from life
    17.My father was a good man
    18.I am very seldom troubled by constipation
    19.When I take a new, I like to be tipped off on whom should be gotten next to
    20.My sex life is satisfactory
    21.At times I have very much wanted to leave home
    22.At times I have fits of laughing & crying that I cannot control
    23.I am troubled by attacks of nausea and vomiting
    24.No one seems to understand me
    25.I would like to be a singer
    26.I feel that it is certainly best to keep my mouth shut when Iâ(TM)m in trouble
    27.Evil spirits possess me at times
    28.When someone does me a wrong I feel I should pay him back if I can, just for the principle of the thing.
    29.I am bothered by acid stomach several times a week
    30.At times I feel like swearing
    31.I have nightmares every few nights
    32.I find it hard to keep my mind on a task or job
    33.I have had very peculiar and strange experiences
    34.I have a cough most of the time
    35.If people had not had it in for me I would have been much more successful
    36.I seldom worry about my heath
    37.I have never been in trouble because of my sex behavior
    38.During one period when I was a youngster I engaged in petty thievery
    39.At times I feel like smashing things
    40.Most any time I would rather sit and daydream than to do anything else
    41.I have had periods of days, weeks, or months when I couldnâ(TM)t take care of things because I couldnâ(TM)t âoeget goingâ
    42.My family does not like the work I have chosen ( or the work I intend to choose for my life work)
    43.My sleep is fitful and disturbed
    44.Much of the time my head seems to hurt all over
    45.I do not always tell the truth
    46.My judgment is better than it ever was
    47.Once a week or oftener I feel suddenly hot all over without apparent cause
    48.When I am with people I am bothered by hearing very queer things
    49.It would be better if almost all laws were thrown away
    50.My soul sometimes leaves my body
    51.I am in just as good physical health as most of my friends
    52.I prefer to pass by school friends, or people I know but have not seen for a long time, unless they speak to me first
    53.A minister can cure disease by praying and putting his hand on your head
    54.I am liked by most people who know me
    55.I am almost never bothered by pains over the heart or in my chest
    56.As a youngster I was suspended from school one or more times for cutting up
    57.I am a good mixer
    58.Everything is turning out just like the prophets of the Bible said it would
    59.I have often had to take orders from someone who did not know as much as I did
    60.I do not read every editorial in the newspaper everyday
    61.I have not lived the right kind of life
    62.Parts of my body often have feeling like burning, tingling, crawling, or like âoegoing to sleepâ
    63.I have had no difficulty in starting or holding my bowel movement
    64.I sometimes keep on at a thing until others lose their patience with me
    65.I loved my father
    66.I see things or animals or people around me that others do not see
    67.I wish I could be as happy as others seem to be
    68.I hardly ever feel pain in the back of

    1. Re:text by LaskoVortex · · Score: 5, Funny

      Screw the questions, man. Post the friggin' answers!

      --
      Just callin' it like I see it.
    2. Re:text by Thelasko · · Score: 5, Interesting

      The sad thing is that people who lie on the test (and are consistent about it) are the ones that are going to get hired.

      I posted a story about these types of tests in January. One comment stood out:

      These types of tests have been used ever since professional management was invented as a skill separate from actually being able to do anything economically useful.

      I suggest that anyone who has to work in an organization that uses these types of tests read "The Organization Man" by William H. Whyte. Some key chapters are online here: http://www.writing.upenn.edu/~afilreis/50s/whyte-main.html [upenn.edu] However, what is not online is the Appendix, titled "How To Cheat on Personality Tests". The book was published in 1956.

      Whyte doesn't suggest that you cheat on personality tests just because you are greedy, or because corporations are evil and you have to survive, or anything radical like that. It is clear from the book that Whyte is the kind of guy who presumes that most people are well-intentioned, that managers probably want to hire the best, and they need these scores to cover their ass, so people should give the correct answers on tests so managers can then pick the good guys and promote them.

      Meyer-Briggs and Minnesota Multi-Phasic whatchamacallits have never been shown to be of any practical use, and their pointlessness has been known for decades.

      "The Organization Man" is one of the funniest books I have ever read, but I think it is only funny if you have been exposed to Organization Men enough to recogize the traits he points out, and it is a kind of dry, no-punch line humour that I associate with old men who are constantly laughing at you inside. For the enjoyment of Slashdot I will reproduce here a couple of paragraphs from the "How to Cheat on Personality Tests" chapter:

      "The important thing to realize is that you don't win a good score: you avoid a bad one. (...) Sometimes it is perfectly all right for you to score in the 80th or 90th percentile; if you are being tested, for example, to see if you would make a good chemist, a score indicating that you are likely to be more reflective than ninety out of a hundred adults might not harm you and might even do you some good."

      "By and large, however, your safety lies in getting a score somewhere between the 40th and 60th percentiles, which is to say, you should try to answer as if you were like everyone else is supposed to be. This is not always too easy to figure out, of course, and this is one of the reasons why I will go into some detail in the following paragraphs on the principal types of questions. When in doubt, however, there are two general rules you can follow: (1) When asked for word associations or comments about the world, give the most convential, run-of-the-mill, pedestrian answer possible. (2) To settle the most beneficial answer to any question, repeat to yourself:

      a) I loved my father and my mother, but my father a little bit more
      b) I like things pretty well the way they are
      c) I never worry much about anything
      d) I don't care for books or music much
      e) I love my wife and children
      f) I don't let them get in the way of company work"

      You know what is the saddest about these personality tests ? This guide to cheating on them was written just a few years after the basic ones became popular (they were developed in the 20's and 30's, came into use and were standardized (and also statistically tested and proven worthless) in the bureaucracy of WWII, and The Organization Man was published in '56), but the cheat guide works perfectly well even for tests developed long after the cheat guide was written.

      You can take a computer administered test developed in the last few years by the best minds in modern management theory, and cheat it with a guide written over 50 years ago.

      --
      One of our competitors trademarked the term "hypothesis". From now on, we will call them "boneheaded ideas".
  7. Re:Well, It Seems You Have Already Taken It Down by fractoid · · Score: 5, Insightful

    And this is precisely the problem with the DMCA. A large company who retain a team of lawyers on salary will have no problem firing off a few dozen such takedown notices. The cost of hiring a lawyer to screen them all for actual, valid complaints becomes rapidly prohibitive for the private citizen on the other end.

    This is why the DMCA needs strongly punitive measures for repeat posting of unwarranted takedown notices for economic purposes.

    --
    Rampant carbon sequestration destroyed the Dinosaurs' tropical paradise. I'm here to help repair the damage.
  8. EXPLANATION: How the MMPI test works by Markmarkmark · · Score: 5, Insightful

    I noticed several posts pointing out some of the seemingly silly questions (ie "My hands and feet get cold"). They may in fact be silly but there is reasoning behind them. I went and actually did some reading up on how the test is supposed to work. There are 8 different major scales measured and several other more minor ones too. For example Scale 1 is essentially looking at Hypochondria, a person's tendency to be really focused on (and maybe whiny) about every little ache and pain. The test understands that everyone has some stuff wrong with them and certain physical peeves too, so you're supposed to mark some of the stuff "T". But if you look at the questions, there are a bunch about this physical stuff and they are all over the place. If you put a "T" by a whole lot of them, then the test scores you higher on this scale. If you put an "F" by all of them, the test basically scores your "truthfulness on test questions" lower because these are things that everyone should complain about a few of.

    The issue of test validity is a big deal and dealt with in different ways including checking for truthfulness by asking the same thing in a different way in different parts of the test. There are a bunch of these question pairs and there are some set up for consistent answers being "T/T", "T/F", and "F/F". There are also question sequences in the back half of the test designed to detect if the user is just starting to mostly randomly check or barely skim questions. Too high on this and the test is reflected as invalid.

    Gaming the test is not as easy as it might seem at first glance. Some questions can be taken at face value, like "I sometimes think about killing myself". If you check that one "T" along with some other similar questions then you may well be suicidal. However, there are other questions that state mildly negative personality traits that most people have. If you refuse to admit to any of them then the test scores you as either trying to present an unrealistically positive image or as having an unrealistic self-image/ego. Answering some of those type questions with a "T" will get the test to paint you as a self-confident personality with a healthy self-image that feels no need to hide common human foibles.

    Personally, I'm a skeptic of these kinds of tests. I think they may work to some degree in some scenarios with some people but there will be other scenarios or people for which the test will largely fail. This particular test is also susceptible to interpretation error. Some evaluators tend to focus in on individual scales but what I read says that that over-simple approach almost always yields skewed results. To get an accurate scoring the evaluator must consider the scales together. In large scale testing of different populations, the experts in this claim to have identified different groupings, for example two particular scales elevated while a third specific scale is lowered may represent a certain personality trait (ie rebelliousness or conformity). It's also said that the evaluator *must* have accurate background info on the subject (ie record of physical violence, manic behavior, etc). These factors can apparently change the assessment significantly.
         

  9. Re:Well, It Seems You Have Already Taken It Down by Runaway1956 · · Score: 5, Funny

    You should talk to the pope about that...

    --
    "Windows is like the faint smell of piss in a subway: it's there, and there's nothing you can do about it." - Charlie Br
  10. Re:Is this test legal in the US...? by Nipok+Nek · · Score: 5, Funny

    (epileptics probably shouldn't drive buses for example)

    Epileptics who are not controlled by medication, thank you very much. Some of us have been lucky enough to find the right drug, and have happy productive lives, and don't kill people very often at all.

    --
    Why choose white shoes?