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UK Researches Future 10Gbps Broadband Technology

MJackson writes "The UK Technology Strategy Board, an executive non-departmental public body established by the UK Government in 2007 and sponsored by the Department for Innovation, Universities and Skills, has invested £1M into over a dozen research projects for the development of ULTRA Fast up to 10Gbps broadband technologies. The ultimate aim, the development of pan-European Ultra Fast Broadband, could give EU companies a massive competitive advantage on a global scale."

114 comments

  1. Um, yeah, hai.. by viyh · · Score: 3, Funny

    I'm from the US. Can I at least have 100Mbps to my house please? Kthxbye.

    --
    "I have never let my schooling interfere with my education." --Mark Twain
    1. Re:Um, yeah, hai.. by Finallyjoined!!! · · Score: 5, Funny

      I'm from the UK, can I have something better than 1.8Mbps to my house please?

      --
      If I had an Ass, I'd call it Fanny Bottom, then I could slap my Ass; Fanny Bottom, on the Arse.
    2. Re:Um, yeah, hai.. by Hinhule · · Score: 5, Funny

      I'm from sweden.

      *points*

      Ha! Ha!

    3. Re:Um, yeah, hai.. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Move to parts of teh NY metropolitan area.

    4. Re:Um, yeah, hai.. by paddy3118 · · Score: 1

      Virgin: 50mbps (200mbs on test).

    5. Re:Um, yeah, hai.. by TheThiefMaster · · Score: 2, Interesting

      That depends, are you in London? Some other big city? No? Then no.

      Then again, my parents are in a small village in the middle of Norfolk and they get full 8 Mbps ADSL (I've tested it). The village is so small that the local junior school collects students from several villages and still has to combine several years of students into the same classes, instead of the traditional several classes of students per year. The village is home to the phone exchange which serves the surrounding villages, which is most likely the reason they get full speed ADSL.

      I'm in the Newcastle area, and could get Virgin's 50 Mbps cable connection if I wanted (I'm on their 10 Mbps service). However the upstream side of the connection leaves a little to be desired.

    6. Re:Um, yeah, hai.. by corsec67 · · Score: 4, Funny

      I'm in Japan, so...
      I would laugh, but my neighbor would complain.

      --
      If I have nothing to hide, don't search me
    7. Re:Um, yeah, hai.. by mehrotra.akash · · Score: 2, Funny

      can i have something above 256Kbps stop crying u all with affordable unlimited x Mbps connections

    8. Re:Um, yeah, hai.. by David+Gerard · · Score: 1, Informative

      Yes, so you can reach your bandwidth cap faster than ever!

      Cut out 'n' keep for Virgin Media subscribers.

      --
      http://rocknerd.co.uk
    9. Re:Um, yeah, hai.. by JY454 · · Score: 1

      I'm from France, i want these 10Gbps for 30 euros/month, my download is already filled up.

    10. Re:Um, yeah, hai.. by Pugwash69 · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Move to the sticks, by a school. You get much better speed than in a city with less contention. This is my experience anyway.

      --
      Pro Coffee Drinker
    11. Re:Um, yeah, hai.. by dredwerker · · Score: 1

      yeah i have the 20 and I must reach 4 on the odd occasion(once) but prob back to NTL so its not that wonderful.

      --
      On a long enough timeline. The survival rate for everyone drops to zero. Chuck Palahniuk, Fight Club, 1996
    12. Re:Um, yeah, hai.. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'm from Portugal. Can I have better than 18Mbps to my house?... please

    13. Re:Um, yeah, hai.. by iYk6 · · Score: 5, Funny

      I'm from Arkansas. What states are Sweden and Japan in, and what does UK stand for?

    14. Re:Um, yeah, hai.. by Hal_Porter · · Score: 1

      Url Korrekt.

      --
      echo -e 'global _start\n _start:\n mov eax, 2\n int 80h\n jmp _start' > a.asm; nasm a.asm -f elf; ld a.o -o a;
    15. Re:Um, yeah, hai.. by Teun · · Score: 3, Funny
      I can't answer all your questions but UK is a landing strip half way to Irak and Japan is between you and North Korea.

      Oh yeah, Sweden is where the ice cream is made by blondes.

      --
      "The likes of Facebook and WhatsApp are free to those whose privacy is of zero value."
    16. Re:Um, yeah, hai.. by colinrichardday · · Score: 1

      and what does UK stand for?

      The University of Kentucky. Gee, you'd think that someone from Arkansas would follow the SEC more closely.

    17. Re:Um, yeah, hai.. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Who modded that troll? As a UK citizen I think this is in the it's funny because it's true category.

    18. Re:Um, yeah, hai.. by mehrotra.akash · · Score: 0

      I am saying the truth and get modded troll?? check out the broadband plans in India..(airtel.in)

    19. Re:Um, yeah, hai.. by noundi · · Score: 1

      Oops, three strikes. You're out!

      --
      I am the lawn!
    20. Re:Um, yeah, hai.. by turkeyfish · · Score: 1

      I'm from Mississippi. What's an Arkansas?

      PS. Why would anyone want broadband speeds in excess of 256 K? There ought to be a law against it. It sounds unamerican and can only lead to a new world order.

    21. Re:Um, yeah, hai.. by jd2112 · · Score: 1
      I'm from Arkansas. What states are Sweden and Japan in, and what does UK stand for?

      Why, UK stands for University od Kentucky, of course. Don't they have college football in Arkansas? (That's American football for slashdotters in the United Kingom...)

      --
      Any insufficiently advanced magic is indistinguishable from technology.
    22. Re:Um, yeah, hai.. by nyctopterus · · Score: 1

      Zone 2 London here. On 24mb ADSL and getting 2.5mb. Sucktacular.

    23. Re:Um, yeah, hai.. by BikeHelmet · · Score: 3, Funny

      Hi! I'm from Canada! We're sitting on top of you.

    24. Re:Um, yeah, hai.. by hidave · · Score: 1

      By a school? Good idea, but there are not that many schools around. I live in the sticks and have satellite access max download of 1.5 Mbps for $80/mo. The only way to pay a higher rate (that I am aware of) is to use HughesNet's higher speeds, which are available, but cost more than that per bps, much more.

      --
      Synchronizing stop lights across the US = one less nuclear power plant
    25. Re:Um, yeah, hai.. by Pugwash69 · · Score: 1

      Ah, here in the UK I went from 2Mbps in Peterborough to 8Mbps in a small village 40 miles north, 2 minutes walk from a primary school.

      --
      Pro Coffee Drinker
    26. Re:Um, yeah, hai.. by monkeythug · · Score: 1

      Yeah, what they consistently fail to mention is that it's 20 Mbps to the *cabinet*, so it's shared with everyone in your street!

      --
      Don't you wish you hadn't wasted 3 seconds of your life reading this sig?
  2. I'm EXTREMELY excited by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    Please keep me UPDATED on this TECHNOLOGY. It seems to be very PROMISING. I would be ULTRA happy if I had access to 10Gbps!

    (sorry, I have that disease which makes it IMPOSSIBLE to modulate the volume of my TYPING)

    1. Re:I'm EXTREMELY excited by pipatron · · Score: 4, Funny

      Oh, so YOU'RE the one who wrote the script for Beneath a Steel Sky!

      --
      c++; /* this makes c bigger but returns the old value */
    2. Re:I'm EXTREMELY excited by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

      Did you know sending messages in ALL CAPS uses more bandwidth? I read that on NetCraft.

    3. Re:I'm EXTREMELY excited by bluesatin · · Score: 1

      Well capital letters are bigger, it's only logical that you can fit less of them in a tube.

    4. Re:I'm EXTREMELY excited by Steven_Lunn · · Score: 1

      JOEY..

    5. Re:I'm EXTREMELY excited by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      This is a wonderful joke. Thank you!

  3. Can I have a PC and a router .. by dredwerker · · Score: 2, Insightful

    that can handle that as well :) o and the rest of the bottlenecks sorted on the internet also no *aa people so I can dload stuff for free..

    --
    On a long enough timeline. The survival rate for everyone drops to zero. Chuck Palahniuk, Fight Club, 1996
    1. Re:Can I have a PC and a router .. by viyh · · Score: 1

      You mean you don't have an M20 hooked up to your DSL right now? :P But really, it wouldn't be too expensive (especially relative to an equivalent Cisco or Juniper) to build a linux router capable of 10Gbps. If I could get that to my house, I'd definitely pay the $1000 or so for a 10Gig-E card.

      --
      "I have never let my schooling interfere with my education." --Mark Twain
    2. Re:Can I have a PC and a router .. by dredwerker · · Score: 1

      Maybe I do I dont know what an M20 is:) Now linux router 10gbps hmmmm I must go and google m20 - xcuse me.

      --
      On a long enough timeline. The survival rate for everyone drops to zero. Chuck Palahniuk, Fight Club, 1996
    3. Re:Can I have a PC and a router .. by viyh · · Score: 2, Informative

      An M20 is a nice, juicy, Juniper router. If you had one, you would know it.

      --
      "I have never let my schooling interfere with my education." --Mark Twain
    4. Re:Can I have a PC and a router .. by AmiMoJo · · Score: 1

      Don't worry, routers will keep up.

      I bought quite a few routers in Japan (to run Tomato on) and they all come with the maximum speed they can reach on the front of the box. Gigabit capable ones are available (and yes, you can get a 1Gb net connection there).

      --
      const int one = 65536; (Silvermoon, Texture.cs)
      SJW, n: "Someone I don't like, and by the way I'm a fuckwit" - AC
    5. Re:Can I have a PC and a router .. by dredwerker · · Score: 1

      Maybe they will but I dont see 10gig ones imminently for the masses let alone people buying them (in the uk at least) and wireless can't do anywhere near that either.

      --
      On a long enough timeline. The survival rate for everyone drops to zero. Chuck Palahniuk, Fight Club, 1996
  4. How about... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    we drop "bits per secons" marketing and start using well... you know, bytes?

    1. Re:How about... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      How about we stop using bytes altogether?

    2. Re:How about... by daveime · · Score: 1

      Because it makes the numbers sound so much bigger !

      The same way anything on Discovery Channel is described as being "thousands of pounds", when it's actully only about a ton-and-a-half.

    3. Re:How about... by NotBornYesterday · · Score: 2, Insightful

      It's not marketing, actually. IIRC, serial connections are generally described in terms of bits per second because they are moving one bit at a time (think modems or SATA drives), and parallel connections in bytes per second since they're moving a byte's worth of bits together, (think SCSI or PATA drives). Since broadband connections are serial in nature ... bits per second.

      --
      I prefer rogues to imbeciles because they sometimes take a rest.
  5. 10gb, they can barely do 1mb by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    10gbps per second, yeah sure right. We are talking about the same country? England? Land of BT and shite infrastructure.

    I'm sure they will be able to offer up to 10gbps as long as you are within 300ft of the node, but at 301ft it will most likely drop down to 1.7mbps.

    If you want to come to a country that has an even worse data/phone infrastructure than the US, all you have to do is catch a plane to jolly ol' England.

    After living in this country for 3 years, all I have to say is that there is a special place in hell, right next to the people that sexually molest hamsters, for all employees of BT.

    1. Re:10gb, they can barely do 1mb by David+Gerard · · Score: 2, Funny

      Remember BT's catchphrase: "At least we're better than Virgin."

      --
      http://rocknerd.co.uk
  6. 10gb, they can barely do 1mb by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
    10gbps per second, yeah sure right. We are talking about the same country? England? Land of BT and shite infrastructure.

    I'm sure they will be able to offer up to 10gbps as long as you are within 300ft of the node, but at 301ft it will most likely drop down to 1.7mbps. If you want to come to a country that has an even worse data/phone infrastructure than the US, all you have to do is catch a plane to jolly ol' England.

    After living in this country for 3 years, all I have to say is that there is a special place in hell, right next to the people that sexually molest hamsters, for all employees of BT.

  7. Orwellian by Budenny · · Score: 0, Offtopic

    Its Orwellian, isn't it?

    We have a Department of Culture, Media and Sport. What the hell is that? Now we turn out to have a Technology Strategy Board (TSB), whatever that is.

    Not only that, we seem to have these things called "executive non-departmental public bod[ies] (NDPB)", which this Board is an example of. What the hell are they? And also we now have a Department for Innovation, Universities and Skills (DIUS). When did that spring into being, and what the hell does it do on Tuesdays?

    We also have numerous 'Partnerships", which are not elected, but have some role in local government, with boundaries that do not coincide with any other local government agencies or elected bodies. We have County Councils. Then we have District Councils under them. Then we have Town, City or Borough or Parish councils. We spend a fortune on coordinating all their activities, or more usually on failing to coordinate them. They all raise taxes of course. We have Regional Development Agencies, which then give some of the taxes back in response to applications for grants which usually run to 40-50 pages submitted in ten copies.

    What we have here is the view that the state should have a role in everything that anyone does. And so we construct these government agencies, or government funded agencies, which have a nominal remit to make everyone follow a party line. And we also have the view that if you cannot change what a department does, fine, change its name. Then no-one will have a clue what it is supposed to be doing.

    For example, do you have any idea at all what exactly "English Heritage" is? What "Natural England" is?

    No, thought not. Neither does anyone else. But you are paying for them. This is called 'investing in our great public services'. Orwell would be proud of his foresight.

    Meanwhile, what we are not spending our money on. If you think your child will have Downs syndrome, you may decide to have amniocentesis. This has an associated death rate. So, in the national health service, which we have no choice about being in, they give a test for Downs with a high false positive rate, rather than multiple tests with low false positive rates. This results in excessive numbers of amniocentesis tests, which in turn results in miscarriages. Because 'investing in our great public services' rises to all these departments and executive non-departmental public bodies, it will not rise to doing reliable tests for Downs. And so we have lots of miserable ladies all going through totally unecessary miscarriages in order to fund these quasi or real governmental bodies, and their pensions, to fall all over each other and get in each others, and our, way.

    Its a sick country.

    1. Re:Orwellian by jamesmcm · · Score: 3, Insightful

      I wish I had some modpoints to mod you down.

      English Heritage is well worth the money, as is this research as it will be the future of broadband.

      It really seems you're just trying to find something to complain about. The NHS is also well worth the money but that's another argument.

      I'm sick of seeing Libertarians misquote Orwell - George Orwell was a Socialist and I am sure he would have supported national investment in technology and preserving our history.

    2. Re:Orwellian by Hurricane78 · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I wonder, what you are going to do about it. Just complain? Or rise up?
      Because as long as you do not rise up, it seems like it still is far from bad enough, and has to become much worse, before you actually rise up.

      Please act. Or stop complaining.

      --
      Any sufficiently advanced intelligence is indistinguishable from stupidity.
    3. Re:Orwellian by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Wow. I'm amazed at the way you managed to get this anti-socialist rant into an article about broadband infrastructure improvement. So much nonsense to address right there, but I'll go for one, English Heritage look after the heritage sites of England! Simple really.

    4. Re:Orwellian by MoonBuggy · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Firstly: it's lucky you don't have modpoints, that's not how the system's supposed to work. There's no '-1: Disagree' moderation. You're supposed to discuss, not to hide what you don't happen to agree with.

      Secondly: yes, I think the NHS is worth the money, overall at least. I also agree with you that organisations which would never work in the private sector (I don't know enough about English Heritage to comment specifically) can often, but not always, be a good use of public money.

      I agree with the GP too, though. The multiple layers of bureaucracy waste an astonishing amount of money doing things that we have come to accept are 'part of what the government does'. The majority of politicians are in it for money and power, just like the majority of businesspeople; we should accept that, because it's not changing any time soon. It's not necessarily inherently harmful, it just means that the limitations on the remit of any particular agency should err strongly on the side of 'too strict' - that is very much not the case now.

    5. Re:Orwellian by jamesmcm · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Well I consider the OP a troll - see they are posting on a website dedicated to technology news against investment in technology using clearly flawed arguments.

      The whole argument with Down Syndrome at the end is a classic Ignoratio elenchi. And the same argument could be made against the space program, or any major public investment.

      And then using Orwell quotes against public spending, does the OP not know that Orwell was an outspoken Socialist (even moving to and fighting in the Spanish Civil War). The OP is just a classic Internet Libertarian, with a superficial understanding of what they quote - I am sure they saw V For Vendetta and now praise Guy Fawkes as a hero despite the fact he would've changed England to a theocracy under the Pope.

    6. Re:Orwellian by jabithew · · Score: 1

      English Heritage has the potential to do quite well in the private sector. So could a lot of the arts which are currently subsidised, though that reminds me of a Yes, Minister episode...

      In the latest edition of Private Eye I read that British Waterways are currently leaving the public sector because they're fed up of being punished for DEFRA's mistakes.

      --
      All intents and purposes. Not intensive purposes.
    7. Re:Orwellian by FooRat · · Score: 2, Insightful

      The majority of politicians are in it for money and power, just like the majority of businesspeople;

      Don't pretend these two are equivalent though; unlike "businesspeople", government bureaucrats are assured of continuing to receive a salary regardless of whether they actually deliver, or just sit on their thumbs for a few years. Businesspeople also don't take money by force. Businesspeople also are forced to invest their money wisely in ways that helps others (i.e. that generate sales), because otherwise they soon wouldn't have any money left.

      we should accept that, because it's not changing any time soon.

      That's the stupidest statement I've heard in a very long time. Hey, let's all just "accept" anything that isn't going to change anytime soon, regardless of how bad or damaging it is ... that makes so much sense. No, let's not "accept" it, let's work hard to keep it in check, not just hand people with the power to take our money even more power and money just because it's always going to exist.

    8. Re:Orwellian by MoonBuggy · · Score: 1

      With regard to your first point, I have to disagree. I think I have more power to remove a member of my government (thus depriving them of that salary) than I do to change the upper management of major companies which have a major impact on my life. I also think history has shown that poor performance on the part of a business owner is by no means a guarantee to failure and good performance from a politician is no guarantee of success (and vice versa).

      You misinterpreted my second point, however. I actually agree with your take on the matter. I wasn't saying that we should accept the consequences of the selfish actions of politicians, I was saying that we should acknowledge that many (most? all?) people are often going to act in their own self interest at the expense of others - we are not going to be able to change this part of people's nature, so we should ensure (to use the exact words of my original post) "the limitations on the remit of any particular agency should err strongly on the side of 'too strict'". That sounds pretty much like what you're saying when you suggest we "work hard to keep it in check". Accept that's how people are going to behave, and set up the system to prevent it from being damaging, or indeed to make it so that their self interest and the public's interests are one and the same.

    9. Re:Orwellian by FooRat · · Score: 1, Offtopic

      How was that a troll? *Puzzled* ... guess I trod on somebody's biased toes.

    10. Re:Orwellian by FooRat · · Score: 2, Insightful

      With regard to your first point, I have to disagree. I think I have more power to remove a member of my government (thus depriving them of that salary) than I do to change the upper management of major companies which have a major impact on my life.

      In theory you do, in practice, I don't really agree ... the majority just keep voting fools and crooks in, and those fools and crooks seem to be good at one thing - convincing people to vote for them the next time round and give them more money (I live in South Africa, where the majority have just voted in a known corrupt rapist with no education as President, so I've seen that voters cannot be trusted). People by and large have short memories and are too distracted and obsessed by inane garbage than wanting to worry about whether or not their politicians are performing.

      The self-interest of individuals would be a better way of keeping people "in check", *provided* that self-interest rewarded success and punished failure.

      I also think history has shown that poor performance on the part of a business owner is by no means a guarantee to failure and good performance from a politician is no guarantee of success (and vice versa).

      I'm not sure what you're referring to, but in most cases this is not because the free market model is flawed, but because the free market model *wasn't actually followed*. For example, all the recent government bail-outs and bonuses etc. that are going straight into the pockets of the very same assholes whose crookedness or incompetence caused the problems in the first place. An actual free market system would see those people out on the street or in jail where they belong; what we're seeing now is a corrupt system of crony capitalism where politicians reward their failing buddies ... that's more akin to theft.

      You misinterpreted my second point, however.

      Well, it did sound an awful lot like you were saying people "can't ever totally get rid of X, so might as well accept X". If that wasn't what you were saying, OK.

      I actually agree with your take on the matter. I wasn't saying that we should accept the consequences of the selfish actions of politicians, I was saying that we should acknowledge that many (most? all?) people are often going to act in their own self interest at the expense of others

      That is true, I agree with you. I just think that true free markets do a better job of taking this into account, because (again, in *true* free markets, which is not what we've had) self-interest is (basically by definition) rewarded typically when it also benefits others, and punished when it doesn't. I own a small business, and if my products didn't genuinely help my customers, I would go bankrupt quickly. On the other hand, I've seen government organisations here "competing" in the same field get millions more than I do, year after year, and produce absolutely nothing, year after year after year. They get contracts that should rather go to us, and literally deliver nothing that actually works. The system is simply not working. Taxpayers are dumping a fortune into corrupt black holes.

      we are not going to be able to change this part of people's nature, so we should ensure (to use the exact words of my original post) "the limitations on the remit of any particular agency should err strongly on the side of 'too strict'". That sounds pretty much like what you're saying when you suggest we "work hard to keep it in check". Accept that's how people are going to behave, and set up the system to prevent it from being damaging, or indeed to make it so that their self interest and the public's interests are one and the same.

      That would work if there was a good way to make sure that public agencies were performing. Unfortunately there isn't. And bureaucrats who run these shows tend to be people who become skilled at things like getting gov

    11. Re:Orwellian by FooRat · · Score: 1

      Since I've been modded by a biased moderator, I'll ask again, please explain what an "Internet Libertarian" is ... I mean, the Internet is just a communications medium, so if someone advocates Libertarianism over the phone does that make them a "just a Telephone Libertarian"? If someone promotes Socialism in a newspaper opinion column, does that make them a "just a Newspaper Socialist"? Honestly, it sounds like it means something insightful, but when prodded, you see it means nothing at all.

    12. Re:Orwellian by jabuzz · · Score: 1

      Do you want to explain how that applies to bankers?

      They seem to have done worse than sit on their backsides, made shed loads of cash and are still getting payed bonuses on the facetious argument that if they don't they will go elsewhere. In the current economic climate I would like to know where they are going to go mind you.

      Clearly your arguments are flawed.

    13. Re:Orwellian by NotBornYesterday · · Score: 1

      I think it means that to be an Internet Libertarian you have to have mod points first.

      --
      I prefer rogues to imbeciles because they sometimes take a rest.
  8. Where is this going? by drmofe · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Again, the meme is presented that ultra-fast broadband leads to competitive advantage.

    Is this a genuine proposition? Can it lend competitive advantage to one power bloc over another on a global scale? Probably not. Everyone is as smart as everyone else and the technology platform is relatively "flat". Throughout history, we have noticed that when something is discovered, it is often discovered almost simultaneously in multiple centres. If competitive advantage lasts only a short time, what kind of "advantage" is it?

    8Gbps is required for VLBI (Very Long Baseline Interferometry). Multiples of 10Gbps trunks are required for large Internet exchanges, datacentres etc. What is the killer application that mandates 10Gbps on a wide scale? Even 1080p video is only around 3Gbps. Are we suddenly talking about multiple HD streams batting their way around teh interwebs to consumers?

    We are starting to move into uncharted territory by discussing these kinds of capacity at the network edge. Small amounts of megabits are relatively easy to handle at the consumer level. Drop a 1Gbps trunk on the floor and you have a major problem. Putting 10Gbps to the edge makes the network more "nervous" and much harder to maintain and control.

    While full service delivery over Active Ethernet has scaled up incredibly well to the point where it is now accepted at corporate mission-critical level, do we have the necessary capability to design, deploy and maintain networks at the proposed capacities?

    At a technical level, Bandwidth Delay Product will kill your throughput over anything but short distances. You probably reach a point of diminishing returns where 10Gbps is enough for metro and national connections, but beyond that it is trunked and we know how to do that.

    So if it isn't competitive advantage and it isn't enabling consumer-level killer applications, then what is it? Are we getting to the point where we need to start thinking about massive high-speed interconnectivity in a totally new way? That it isn't just to enable commerce or competition or local or global advantage, but that it in fact is something much more valuable? Global self-awareness, anyone?

    1. Re:Where is this going? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      3 Gbit/s for a 1080p stream? that's 8 bytes per pixel per frame! you pulled that figure out of your ass.

    2. Re:Where is this going? by drmofe · · Score: 3, Interesting

      1080p60 is 3Gbps nominal.

    3. Re:Where is this going? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      ... and 640K should be enough for anyone.

      Really though there is still an awful lot that we *COULD* do but that's getting limited by the amount of bandwidth available.

      When you're getting into the realms of delivering a 1080p stream in real time you're lowering barriers to HD entry - no player required, don't need to buy discs or go rent films and on demand TV for a household in HD is a reality. One stream just isn't going to be enough for most homes, where you're not going to get agreement on what to watch and you've probably got more than one TV anyway.

      Driving on demand HD into every home then frees up broadcast airwaves to delivery high bandwidth services into rural areas where laying fibre is going to be prohibitively expensive. Part of an identified need and core development aim for the UK.

      Does it lead automatically to a competitive advantage? No. Can it lead to one, absolutely. Though I don't think the idea of competitive advantage means creating a global power bloc. Think of it more in terms of getting a headstart creating high bandwidth services. A staggering amount of foresight given some of the recent government navel gazing when it comes to digital development.

    4. Re:Where is this going? by gramty · · Score: 3, Insightful

      This will just be a talking shop to waste money producing another pile of fully buzzword compliant rubbish, like the Digital Britain Report. As for the killer app, given our government's tendencies I would not be at all surprised of they thought it was a good idea to extend hi-res CCTV into everyoneâ(TM)s houses, you know cos of the terrorists and all.

    5. Re:Where is this going? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      teh interwebs to consumers?

      consumer-level killer applications

      You keep talking about consumers... Maybe you stay just as consumers and more Europeans will become producers. That's the competitive advantage.

    6. Re:Where is this going? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What is the killer application that mandates 10Gbps on a wide scale? Even 1080p video is only around 3Gbps.

      You just answered your own question. Three people in a household watching TV simultaniously and you already need a 10Gbps connection.

    7. Re:Where is this going? by dirvine · · Score: 3, Interesting
      Uncharted territory is where ALL innovation comes from. I think this is something we should all be very positive about.

      At this rate broadband transfers wll be faster than HDD access times. Interesting to think all data could live in the whole network and not in datacentres at all.

      Why on earth rely on others when the whole network can do, at long long last, what it originally was set out to do (OK unknowingly), connect machines together, not to hubs but together in a fully distributed manner.

    8. Re:Where is this going? by Antique+Geekmeister · · Score: 1

      Three seem apparent:

      * Large streaming repository output. (Think of the BBC streaming content to all those Linux and Mac users they were forced to support with Flash, instead of that DRM shackled version of Bittorrent for only Windows that they called 'Iplayer'. That was really funny to read about.)

      * Faster network access, for building wide access to bulky, fast storage. This would be very useful for render farms, where the fast desktop access to data for the artists is valuable.

      * Inexpensive Virtualization. The "live transfer" of VMware and KVM and Xen are absolutely dependent on a central storage service, and as an inexpensive replacement for fiber channel, this could be very valuable.

      So, basically, it's a step in between 'GigE', which performs surprisingly well when you actually have the upstream bandwidth and is broadly supported, and fiber channel, which is considerably faster but is fragile and grotesquely expensive.

    9. Re:Where is this going? by wimg · · Score: 1

      Might want to think about encoding with lossless compression ? That brings it down a whole lot. You can get a 1080p movie down to 20-30GByte (sometimes even less).

    10. Re:Where is this going? by Antique+Geekmeister · · Score: 1

      Ahh. I made a mistake here: I was referring to in-facility communications, not broadband uses.

      I can see it for telecommuters and remote virtualization, though.

    11. Re:Where is this going? by gbjbaanb · · Score: 3, Insightful

      fibre channel isn't that expensive, well not any more. But the biggest problem for all of this is latency - you can't use a 10Gbps link for data storage if it takes 500ms to send a packet, you'll be able to stream data across it well though. This is like the difference between adsl and cable.

      Still, we shouldn't stop scientists from playing with this stuff as you never know, they might just make it work, and then we'll invent some application to make use of it!

    12. Re:Where is this going? by Teun · · Score: 1
      You're calculation re. video might be a bit off as compression will likely be used but otherwise you might have hit the nail square on the head.

      The British government urgently needs this bandwidth to accommodate all their efforts in tracking the general population, otherwise also known as spying.

      Hmmm, so the next generation of CCTV camera's will be HD...
      I think it's time to invest in a UK storage solutions supplier :)

      --
      "The likes of Facebook and WhatsApp are free to those whose privacy is of zero value."
    13. Re:Where is this going? by Teun · · Score: 1

      Yeah, like HD CCTV on every street corner.

      --
      "The likes of Facebook and WhatsApp are free to those whose privacy is of zero value."
    14. Re:Where is this going? by aaarrrgggh · · Score: 1

      While that was my first reaction as well, consider the potential impact on telecommuting with telepresence and high-speed links to business networks. Gigabit should give plenty of wiggle room for the next 3-5 years, but after that...

      My company is looking at software that can't survive without gigabit to the desk. We have more and more of our employees working from home one or two days a week. This type of deployment could keep that viable.

      We forget how far we have come in the last 15 years-- exernal business connectivity has grown 1000-fold (on a per employee metric at least), and internal networks 100-500 fold. Who knows what will drive the next round...

    15. Re:Where is this going? by mariushm · · Score: 1

      ISP companies currently rely on the fact that people don't use their Internet connections at the speeds they offer.

      The behavior of the Internet subscribers changes and more people are doing interactive things or watching video broadcasts on their Internet connection, keeping a certain amount of bandwidth in use for longer periods of time.

      Before video, Youtube, Napster and all the wonderful things appeared, ISP companies cheated by connecting let's say 150 users with a 1mbps plan to a 10mbps Internet Connection knowing they won't even use that.
      So you'd have a whole neighborhood connected to a 100mbps fiber optics cable and things went smoothly.

      Now these people start to use their plans for video and stuff so that 100mbps (which is now probably 1gbps) won't keep up. You'd need to upgrade to a 10gbps fiber or more to keep those customers happy.

      So it's not a question of killer application... It's enough for 5 x 10 story apartment buildings with 4 apartments on each story to each watch CNN HD online or Netflix Online (3mbps streams) to have a need for about 600mbps of bandwidth. Not to mention even game consoles automatically downloading games, updates for games, trailers and other stuff.

    16. Re:Where is this going? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      >What is the killer application that mandates 10Gbps on a wide scale?

      Teledildonics.

    17. Re:Where is this going? by jabuzz · · Score: 1

      Please tell me where this cheap fibre channel is!!!

      Even a second hand Brocade 4900 (that's 64 4Gbps ports) is eye watering expensive compared to ethernet. The cheapest I can see on eBay is 35,000 USD and only has 32 ports activated. You are looking at another 18,000 USD to get the rest of the ports activated, and your ISL trunking licenses will be more on top of that.

      Also where are the cheap fibre channel storage arrays as well. The cheapest IBM DS4500 I can see on eBay (and that is doggy ancient tech) is 3000USD for just the controller. That is no shelves, and no disks. You are looking at around 2000 USD for an empty EXP710

      Fibre channel is good don't get me wrong, however describing it as cheap is silly.

    18. Re:Where is this going? by nyctopterus · · Score: 1

      "Government" is not a monolith. No, seriously, if you think one branch is doing something to prop up another, you're probably mistaken. Government proceeds by little initiatives being pushed by various (smallish) groups that don't talk to each other. It's not exactly incompetence, but it certainly is incoherence.

    19. Re:Where is this going? by vlm · · Score: 1

      Is this a genuine proposition? Can it lend competitive advantage to one power bloc over another on a global scale? Probably not. Everyone is as smart as everyone else and the technology platform is relatively "flat". Throughout history, we have noticed that when something is discovered, it is often discovered almost simultaneously in multiple centres.

      And only manufactured in China. So, does anyone benefit except some Chinese factory owners if the UK government re-invents OC-192 SONET from 1996 and gets Linksys to sell it?

      Even 1080p video is only around 3Gbps. Are we suddenly talking about multiple HD streams batting their way around teh interwebs to consumers?

      I have 3 cabletv settop boxes at home. I guess it would be nice to stream HD video to all three at the same time, however unlikely it is I'd need to do so. 3 Gigs seems a factor of 150 too high, since ATSC RF format (actually 8VSB) only sends about 19 megabits/second for our over the air HDTV in the US. Over the pond I believe you guys use DVB-T, which I know nothing about, but it probably does not transport 150 times the datastream.

      We are starting to move into uncharted territory by discussing these kinds of capacity at the network edge. Small amounts of megabits are relatively easy to handle at the consumer level. Drop a 1Gbps trunk on the floor and you have a major problem. Putting 10Gbps to the edge makes the network more "nervous" and much harder to maintain and control.

      Uh, what? Like the bits will leak all over the floor if you drop that trunk? You mean it's nervous like the CAT5 cable sweats alot and fidgets? Harder to maintain, like thar intertubes fill up so you don't get your internets for hours after they're sent? Sounds very authoritative but makes so sense.

      --
      "Science flies us to the moon. Religion flies us into buildings." - Victor Stenger
    20. Re:Where is this going? by AmiMoJo · · Score: 1

      Also unless you live alone you might need multiples of 3Gbps.

      Something that is rarely mentioned in these debates is that once you get up to a symmetrical 100/100 connection the whole way the connection can be used changes. You don't have to worry about one app making your connection useless for another one. Games will run with low ping times while another PC hammers BitTorrent and another sends a 500Mb video attachment ripped straight from their camcorder.

      --
      const int one = 65536; (Silvermoon, Texture.cs)
      SJW, n: "Someone I don't like, and by the way I'm a fuckwit" - AC
    21. Re:Where is this going? by gbjbaanb · · Score: 1

      $8000 for the HP Storageworks San kit

      "The 8Gb Simple SAN Connection Kit consists of an enterprise-class 8 Gbps switch, four 81Q HBAs, and SSCM - along with all the cables, 8 Gbps SFPs and documentation you need.

      I did see one for $2000, which is what we were going to buy at one point, but I can't find the link. It wasn't an 8Gb san though! I have found a £2000 HP switch

      Ok, I'm not going to have one at home, but if you're buying all the discs you need, another $8k is not much.

  9. Who is going to use it? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Majority of internet traffic is P2P. Who is going to use all the bandwidth when P2P will be blocked? This seriously concerns me, because I am doing a PhD in optical communications and I wonder if there will be market for the stuff I will develop during my PhD work.

    I was thinking about starting running an ISP and include in the price of bandwidth unlimited music and video download. The money would go to the artists according to download statistics, but I do not think that the b-tards from media companies would even give me a license.

  10. Move to EVERYTHING over ip by hh4m · · Score: 1

    Tech like this will help content delivery over one connection. Everyone in the house can watch HD streams at the same time, other services like phones, power meters, video conferencing etc can easily use up bandwidth like this. It is a HUGE pipe when it comes to current consumer tech but it will help tech of tomorrow...

  11. Riiiight.... by adamkennedy · · Score: 1

    > "could give EU companies a massive competitive advantage on a global scale"

    Indeed. Which is why they have invested the vast sum of 1 MEEEEEEEEELION dollars.

    Clearly, forwarding the Departmental Press Release your boss insisted on issuing to SlashDot has paid dividends!

  12. A worry by damburger · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Knowing how the UK government (and certain ISPs) think, I am concerned that the might use higher speeds to leverage people into more intrusion on their private communications. Virgin currently offer the fastest broadband and they are notorious.

    Also, there is a difference between what a UK ISP sells you as a high speed connection and what you actually get. The ISPs spat the dummy out not so long ago about how IPlayer was 'ruining' the Internet because *gasp* people were actually starting to use the bandwidth they had paid for. Just because you've got a bazillion gigabits between your house and the ISP, doesn't mean the ISP is planning to support that at its end. They might well be counting on you buying an uberfast connection just to show off then not using it.

    --
    If we can put a man on the moon, why can't we shoot people for Apollo-related non-sequiturs?
    1. Re:A worry by jamesmcm · · Score: 1

      I don't think so. 'The Government' is not one homogeneous organism, the surveillance stuff is mostly pushed by Jacqui Smith, but this research is handled by a completely different department.

      They'll probably invest millions of public money into it and then privatize it off to their friends - that's what they usually do.

      And as you brought up yourself - I am far more worried about throttling and false advertising than surveillance (although Phorm is worrying).

  13. Surveillance considerations? by iwulinux · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Isn't 10Gb internet access going to further increase the technical requirements for implementing the kinds of surveillance and recording systems the UK government wants? If you think that the associated complexity and costs of their current & proposed systems are extreme already, just imagine if everyone's access were to get 5000x faster!

    Maybe they'll have to give it up. I suppose we can only hope!

    --
    -- "Broadly speaking, the short words are the best, and the old words best of all."
  14. 1 Million GBP by caluml · · Score: 1

    1 Million GBP

    Aside from this looking like Mr Ombasa's email to me saying that his grandfather had died, we have this little symbol to denote this. It's above the 3, and looks like this. £. You can use £ if you have some weird furrin keyboard.

    1. Re:1 Million GBP by itsthebin · · Score: 1

      he is probably referring to the GBPeso

      divide by 100 to get the price in euro :)

      --
      ...I obey the laws of physics....
    2. Re:1 Million GBP by Hognoxious · · Score: 1

      GBP is the ISO code for pounds sterling, it's prefectly valid to use it. If you see $, that's a dollar - but is that US, Canadian or Australian? USD CAD and AUD are unambiguous. What's more by using only core ASCII characters they work on any sensible system. Perhaps that's why international businesses use them...

      On the other hand, any symbol that requires a magic ampersand incantation is going to be flaky, especially on this site. Do you see a euro sign inside the brackets ( € )? Apparently sometimes it works, sometimes it doesn't.

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
  15. Competitive advantage on a global scale ... by janwedekind · · Score: 1

    Competitive advantage on a global scale could be much more easily achieved by patent and copyright reform. Furthermore there should be a rule that all results from publicly funded research (even if only partially funded) are made publicly available.

    Faster internet is nice but it won't help the economy if the relevant information is locked up legally!

  16. It's UK Government "pretend to do something" by Kupfernigk · · Score: 1

    It's now well known that Gordon Brown is totally indecisive and unable to make important decisions. As a result we have lots of initiatives to spend a little money to be seen to be "doing something". We have silly little uneconomic feeder schemes on solar and wind power, a fiddly little car scrappage scheme, endless talking about ID cards - but at the end of the day it's all fluff, and Brown is just working on the basis that the Conservatives will inherit the resulting mess and get the blame for dealing with it.

    --
    From scarped cliff or quarried stone she cries "A thousand types are gone, I care for nothing, no not one."
  17. What good is it? by erroneus · · Score: 1

    You can't use it for anything! Online gaming doesn't use so much bandwidth. The slowest part of browsing web or email is quite often the connection on the other side. At every turn someone is trying to place a cap on the byte count and everything people download is suspect.

    1. Re:What good is it? by tangent3 · · Score: 2, Funny

      You must be new here.
      Hint: it starts with P and ends with N

    2. Re:What good is it? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Hint2: There are also letters O and R :)

    3. Re:What good is it? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

      Popcorn?

    4. Re:What good is it? by Midnight+Thunder · · Score: 1

      Popcorn?

      Are you suggesting I will be able to download food? Cool.

      --
      Jumpstart the tartan drive.
    5. Re:What good is it? by mariushm · · Score: 1

      It's not a question for what you're going to use it. With the capacity, innovative ways to use your Internet connection will come.

      For example, nobody stops me from establishing a company that would stream TV channels to people at let's say 1080p at 20mbps for a small subscribe fee.

      If my business plan wants to allow that subscriber to view up to three TV stations at a time (he watches ESPN, wife watches Travel Channel, kid watches Cartoon Channel), that subscriber would need to have about 75mbps of bandwidth available.

      Now, he won't need 75mbps all the time, because the kid goes to school, maybe he goes to work but he needs to be able to push up to that value. On the other side, maybe seeing the average subscriber now has stable 100mbps connection, I as a company would be interested in giving people HD+, let's say 2560x1600 @ 35mbps or even cinema like resolutions or 3D movies @ 50mbps for people who may get in a couple of years a 3D projector .

      The ISP would need to have a 10gbps pipe (or more) up to a series of house, or apartment building or whatever, just to be sure it would be able to provide all these users a good enough Internet connection at peak times.

      It's the same as when you build a house you use wires capable of powering 30 computers in a room or grow marijuana in your house, even though you'll probably have only two-three computers and a TV ever.

    6. Re:What good is it? by erroneus · · Score: 1

      What part of "caps" didn't you get? When we can get guarantees of no caps on byte count and no overage charges and all that, it might be worth getting excited about faster links.

      We've got too many opposing forces doing things to the net, something needs to be done to settle the mess.

    7. Re:What good is it? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Think about it: 10 gb of porn every second.

    8. Re:What good is it? by mariushm · · Score: 1

      With these bigs pipes in place they will no longer have any justification for caps. Their main justification (at least in UK's case) is that (1) the copper infrastructure in UK has poor quality or (2) that it's overloaded or (3) BT Telecom's prices for bandwidth and connecting are huge.

      For the 3rd point, you can read about how much BT charges ISPs here:

      http://community.plus.net/blog/2008/02/28/how-uk-isps-are-charged-for-broadband-the-cost-of-ipstream/

      Let me quote from that page because probably some people will be too lazy to click the link:


      A central pipe can be ordered with a maximum capacity of 622Mbps (we could buy pipes with less, e.g. 155Mbps but we only buy 622â(TM)s now).

      There are four charges associated with the central pipes. The first is a one off installation fee of £175,000. In general there is a lead time of around 3 months for a new installation, but this can take longer if new fibre needs blowing, especially if that requires extra digging.

      Secondly, thereâ(TM)s a per customer rental charge of £1.25 per month. With around 200,000 customers on IPStream that equates to £250,000 per month.

      Then thereâ(TM)s a base rental for the 622Mbps central pipe of £160,000 per year and from there a £166,800 yearly rental for each 155Mbps segment that is active.

      cabling.pngSo you have yearly charges as follows:

              0Mbps of capacity - £160,000
              155Mbps of capacity - £326,800
              311Mbps of capacity - £493,600
              466Mbps of capacity - £660,400
              622Mbps of capacity - £827,200

      As you can see, because of the £160,000 base rental it actually costs less per Mbps the more segments are active. It will cost less per year to have one fully active 622Mbps than have two centrals with two segments lit each. But you then have to balance that against the lead time for installing a new central pipe.

      As such, 1Mbps costs per month costs the following (the calculations are based on 139Mbps per segment which is the usable amount excluding overheads):

              With 155Mbps of capacity - £195.92
              With 311Mbps of capacity - £147.96
              With 466Mbps of capacity - £131.97
              With 622Mbps of capacity - £123.98

      At the time of writing we have 25 active segments across 7 pipes giving us a total annual cost of:

              (7 x 160,000) + (25 * 166,800) = £5,290,000

      Which equates to a per Mbps cost of £126.86 per month before we consider any transit or routing costs on our own network.

      So while in US or in Holland I can get bandwidth from a datacenter at an average price of 7$ for 1mbps, in UK this ISP pays about $190.

      With 10gbps links all over UK, how will BT keep justifying those insane rates? At least the installation fee wouldn't exist anymore, because the fibers would already be in place. Will probably have to see.

  18. Here's what I think (HWIT) by mr_lizard13 · · Score: 2, Funny

    I for one (IFO) think that the use of (TUO) a three or four letter acronym (TFLA) makes the post much easier to read (ETR)

    --
    "We live in a global world" - Harvey Pitt, former Securities and Exchange Commission Chairman
  19. Well I suppose it depends on the time scale by Sycraft-fu · · Score: 1

    If this is long term development, like they are starting to work on the fundamental theoretical stuff now so it can be implemented in 10, 15, 20 years or something, then I can see the use. After all, there is very well the possibility that in the not too distant future there will be a use for this kind of bandwidth. For one, as nice as high def is, it clearly isn't fooling anyone in to thinking it's real. That's the ultimate goal: A picture so real you can't tell the difference. Well that'll need a lot more resolution in all definitions (higher pixel count, better colour depth, more frames, etc). There's also the issue of purchasing software online. Getting increasingly popular. It'd be nice to have the downloads happen much faster though. A modern game on a 10mbit line can take a couple hours to download. Minutes, or seconds of download time would be better, and future games will only get larger.

    So, in the timescale of a couple decades, I could see this starting to be useful.

    However, if they are talking about rolling this out next year, then yes, it is just so much fluff. There's not the bandwidth further up the chain to support it in any meaningful capacity, nor for that matter can your computer even make use of it. Currently, gig ethernet is pushing the limits of what consumer disks can handle. A good, modern 7200rpm drive can sustain somewhere in the realm of 100Mbytes/second on sequential data. Thus even with various network overhead, GigE is enough to slam that. So 10 times that to the desktop won't get you shit, assuming you even had a 10gig network card.

    Basically I think it is smart to look to the future with broadband technologies, because new apps will continue to need more bandwidth. When computers first came about, the idea of even needing 10mbits to a house was ludicrous. After all, how could you possibly need those kinds of speeds for text? Now it is around what you want to get a good, fast experience with all the rich media out there. So that trend will continue.

    However I also think it is stupid to try and push amazing speeds to the house right now, since invariably you end up starved for bandwidth further up and thus it is nothing more than marketing fluff. That's been my experience with some of the ultra-high bandwidth services offered in places like Japan. They sound good on paper, but more or less it's a giant WAN so you never get anywhere near the speed your connection is in theory.

  20. "Competitive Advantage" will be short lived by Trip6 · · Score: 1

    If this really proves to be useful, do they really think they will have this speed to themselves for any substantial period of time? DARPA-sponsored universities and firms, Cisco, AT&T, and many other U.S. entities are probably working on the same thing.

    --
    I hate being bipolar; it's awesome!
    1. Re:"Competitive Advantage" will be short lived by mikael · · Score: 2, Interesting

      At least they are trying. And the geography, geology and demographics of each region of the world is going to determine what kind of technology can be used. If everyone is packed together into a small city, then cable/wifi might be the best solution. In a rural area with low density farmhouses, satellite might be the best solution.

      I always thought having miniature tunnel boring machines would be an alternative to digging up roads to lay fibre optic cable. The use of giant cutting wheels is not really permitted in the UK or perhaps even Europe.

      --
      Vintage computer adverts: http://www.vintageadbrowser.com/computers-and-software-ads
  21. Project details by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Details of the projects funded are available at:

    http://www.innovateuk.org/_assets/pdf/press-releases/photonics%20pr%20finalrev%2014may09%20-%20mb%20(2).pdf

  22. Great by FooRat · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Yet another "strategy board" to waste huge chunks of our money to sit around and pretend to work, under the guise of helping. Do we really believe amazing advances are going to come of this, or are we all just going to have forgotten about this a few years from now when some or other new "strategic initiative" is launched, while we fall further behind the East? Leave the money in the hands of the companies who stand to benefit from this, and set up true free market competition - if it's really good for the companies, they will not only do it themselves, but spend the money far more efficiently, because unlike these bureaucrats, they aren't assured of a future salary regardless of whether or not they produce anything at all. That's basically how we got ahead in the first place.

    1. Re:Great by Trepidity · · Score: 1

      Is there any evidence that telecomm companies can successfully manage large-scale, long-term innovative projects? The only examples I can think of are from quasi-governmental firms, like AT&T Bell Labs in its monopoly heyday.

      The problem is that it isn't necessarily good for the companies, or at least their managers/CEOs. Keeping everyone buying the same crappy, overpriced service indefinitely is better for them---but worse for everyone else.

  23. Um, yes, but... by FreakyGreenLeaky · · Score: 1

    can we first get cheap/commodity 10Gbps **LANs** please?

    Having 10Gbps broadband will be cute 'n all, but useless if my PC only uses 1Gbps...

  24. you know what? by sarjono · · Score: 1

    There must be an UK's government importance why there's a research to find 10Gbps Broadband Technology.

  25. The router has my tongue. by Impy+the+Impiuos+Imp · · Score: 1

    > "the UK Government...has invested £1M into over a dozen research projects for the
    > development of...up to 10Gbps broadband technologies.

    Cisco CEO Dr. Evil: Oh no! One million pounds. Our corporation cannot afford that kind of competition.

    Number Two: Actually, sir, last year we invested over $9 billion alone in R&D.

    Cisco CEO Dr. Evil: $9 billion, huh?

    Number Two: Yes.

    Cisco CEO Dr. Evil: Well, I see. In the future, could somebody tell me these things? I'm the boss. Need the info.

    > "The ultimate aim, the development of pan-European Ultra Fast Broadband, could
    > give EU companies a massive competitive advantage on a global scale."

    For about two weeks.

    Maybe.

    --
    (-1: Post disagrees with my already-settled worldview) is not a valid mod option.