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Teen Diagnoses Her Own Disease In Science Class

18-year-old Jessica Terry suffered from stomach pain, diarrhea, vomiting and fever for eight years. She often missed school and her doctors were unable to figure out the cause of her sickness. Then one day in January someone was finally figured out what was wrong with Jessica. That person was her. While looking under a microscope at slides of her own intestinal tissue in her AP science class, Jessica noticed an area of inflamed tissue called a granuloma, which is an indication of Crohn's disease. "It's weird I had to solve my own medical problem," Terry told CNN affiliate KOMO in Seattle, Washington. "There were just no answers anywhere. ... I was always sick."

27 of 582 comments (clear)

  1. I suspect I may have Multiple Personality Disorder by Klistvud · · Score: 5, Funny

    ...but can't really say which of the multiple personalities established the diagnose. Does this still count as "self-diagnose"?

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  2. Hmm by El+Lobo · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Interesting: while reading about her symptoms, Crohn's Disease was the first think that came to my mind. And no, I'm not a doctor. So what kind of doctors were seeing her? Veterinary ones?

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    1. Re:Hmm by Rosco+P.+Coltrane · · Score: 5, Funny

      I don't know, I used to suffer from the exact same symptoms during my years at university living on curry and cheap lager. Bad eating habits is the first thing that came to my mind personally.

      --
      "A door is what a dog is perpetually on the wrong side of" - Ogden Nash
    2. Re:Hmm by hey! · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Well, experts make mistakes too, and they're different than tyro mistakes.

      My primary care doctor is experienced and well known in the local medical community for his skills. One time I had an infection on the right side of my face; it was puffed up and rashy and I had a temperature of 103. He told me to get into his office right away; it sounded serious and he wanted to see me himself. He didn't want to leave this to some kid doing his residency at the emergency room. So he looks through my medical history, scrutinizes the rash, and in his best Sherlock Holmes manner announces that I have shingles. Shingles? Of course! I had chicken pox when I was baby, but the virus can stay dormant for decades, only to emerge as shingles.

      So he sends me home with a prescription for Acyclovir ( which makes me sick to my stomach on top of having an infection), and instructions to call if anything changes at all. So I take my antivirals, and the next day I'm not any better. The day after that, my temperature goes as high as 104 and now the left side of my face is starting to swell. I call him up and as soon as he hears that he knows he was completely wrong. Shingles spreads along nerve paths; it doesn't cross the center of the body. He gives me an antibiotic prescription and by my second dose I felt great. I had a temperature of a 100, but after 104 that feels wonderful. After a full day on the antibiotic I was pretty much back to normal.

      Every time I see my doctor now, he looks sheepish, because he made such a big point of not trusting my case to some kid straight out of medical school. The irony is that I'd have been better off with that kid just out of medical school. That kid wouldn't have been so certain based on his clinical experience of similar looking rashes. He'd have double checked, maybe done some kind of test, buy my doc had seen this situation before and dealt with is successfully. What I had was a staph infection, which can take on a wide variety of appearances. My rash apparently looked a bit like slightly atypical case of shingles. I must have been so satisfying when his memory dredged up my childhood chicken pox and made that connection. I'll bet that fact that it was a little atypical looking actually made the conviction more firm, because it made the deduction seem all that more clever.

      I understand this, though. I've dealt with enough experts in my work to recognize that this is the kind of mistakes experts make. A conclusion that ties up all the details of a problem tidily, yet so unlikely to be arrived at by a less experienced professional is almost irresistible. You can't expect even an expert to avoid mistakes. However, you do expect him to be on the lookout for mistaks and to correct them. The fact that the kid in this article had the problem for years but they never went back to the start of the decision tree to see where they went says something bad about her doctors.

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    3. Re:Hmm by kraada · · Score: 5, Insightful

      I call him up and as soon as he hears that he knows he was completely wrong.

      and

      Every time I see my doctor now, he looks sheepish, because he made such a big point of not trusting my case to some kid straight out of medical school.

      These two sentiments are why I'd trust your doctor. Everyone makes mistakes. Your doctor seems to be good at realizing when he did it, correcting his mistake quickly, and remembering it for a while (enough that he feels obviously guilty). That'd make me trust more that he'd care and do the right thing by me to the best of his ability.

  3. Health Care by schmaustech · · Score: 5, Funny

    The story points out how our health care system is like the Geek Squad: poor troubleshooting. In the end the client has to figure out their problem.

  4. The fresh pair of eyes have it by richardcavell · · Score: 5, Insightful

    The original CNN story mentions that sometimes a fresh pair of eyes can spot something that the first pair didn't see. Coders and authors will be familiar with the idea. Sometimes you've looked over something and worked on it so much that you can no longer analyse it from the beginning, and it takes someone else to verify one's work. That's why nurses aren't allowed to dispense medicine unless they get another nurse to check that they have selected the right medicine and the right dose and the right patient. Also, the fact that this patient had a vested interest in making the diagnosis means that she would have examined the slide thoroughly. (Doctor) Richard Cavell

    1. Re:The fresh pair of eyes have it by mrboyd · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Also, the fact that this patient had a vested interest in making the diagnosis means that she would have examined the slide thoroughly. (Doctor) Richard Cavell

      That's what I would expect from my doctors!!!

  5. What did they think it was? by Chysn · · Score: 5, Informative

    If you go to "My Electronic MD (dot com)", tell it you're a female, and give it the symptoms "chronic diarrhea" and "fever," Crohn's Disease is the first of three things to pop up, along with Ulcerative Colitis and Infectious Colitis.

    Of course, anyone can diagnose him or herself with a computer. It's encouraging that this young woman did it with a microscope.

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    1. Re:What did they think it was? by TheRaven64 · · Score: 5, Insightful

      It makes you realise what a waste of time most medical training is. We expect medical students to spend a massive amount of time and effort memorising lists of symptoms for particular diseases, when a relatively simple expert system could give them this information more accurately. Spending those seven years focussing more on their deductive reasoning and communication skills, rather than memorisation, would likely produce much better doctors.

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  6. Not quite as easy as it seems by Cougem · · Score: 5, Informative

    In a year's time I will be a doctor, and have just spent a year learning about pathology, so I thought I'd put my view forward. The interesting thing about Crohn's disease, in contrast to the other big type of inflammatory bowel disease (Ulcerative colitis) is that it is characterised by skip lesions. The disease is not confluent over the entire gut, in fact it can be anywhere from mouth to anus, in small patches. Now do you start to see why a pathologist may miss it? They will have taken many specimens from the girl's GI tract, and if this is the only sample with a granuloma, then it's not too unforgiveable that a patch of cells only around 30 cells-wide is miss. Yes, it sucks, but pathology is actually a fairly bloody hard speciality, with an very vigorous set of examinations, at least in the UK, so don't imply that these pathologists don't know what Crohn's is. Life isn't black and white, and medicine is just the same.

    Maybe you guys instantly thought Crohn's, but there are plenty of other rarer diseases it could have been. Without a positive biopsy it would have been incredibly immoral to slap a Crohn's diagnosis on this girl and medicated her for it. It would have proved interesting were she have had say tropic sprue and you were to treat her with the immunosupressants.

    1. Re:Not quite as easy as it seems by pz · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Yes, I've acknowledged that - as I said the pathologist will have been presented with many many samples, turned into slides, looking for a few, if any, granulomata, which are tiny in size. I even said "Now do you start to see why a pathologist may miss it?" It is very hard, if not impossible, to scan every single slide in its entirity, for a granuloma. Fortunately this girl found it, when the pathologist didn't. Props to her,

      Absolutely. Agreed.

      We must remember that, unlike computers that are often highly deterministic, biology is often non-deterministic, and any given test has a certain rate of accuracy that is rarely 100%. Any given test especially includes ones where there's a human who must interpret observations. Unlike with computers, false positive and negative rates on biological tests are rarely zero.

      Jessica had a false negative on an intestinal biopsy for a test that has a poor false negative rate. Not a big deal.

      Also, recall that Jessica is far more highly motivated to look for long times at her slides than a pathologist is. A pathologist cannot afford to spend hours gazing at slides, but a high school student can. Not surprising at all, then, that a difficult-to-detect granuloma would, at some point in modern human history, be detecetd by a student and not a pathologist.

      This is an interesting story because of initiative shown by the student, but not a very provocative one because of implied medical ineptitude.

      --

      Put my fist through my alarm clock with its ding-dong death inside my ear. - The Blackjacks.
  7. Re:I suspect I may have Multiple Personality Disor by plover · · Score: 5, Funny

    It only counts as self-diagnosis when one of your personalities is biopsying your brain tissue. Let us know how that works out for you.

    --
    John
  8. This does not surprise me at all. by OneSmartFellow · · Score: 5, Insightful

    When my daughter first started school - many years ago - she caught impetigo. Now, I had had impetigo as a child myself, but I had completely forgotten the symptoms. All I knew was that my daughter had acquired some kind of skin disease, and that it was spreading.

    I took her to our local GP who actually admitted that he didn't know what it was, BUT STIIL PRESCRIBED a topical steroidal cream (which did absolutely nothing to cure the problem). A week later, with even more spreading, I returned to the same doctor, and he again admitted he didn't know what it was, and this time prescribed some kind of internal anti-biotic. At that point I asked him, If you don't know what it is, WTF are you doing prescribing medication, and why don't you recommend a specialist. At which point I took my daughter by the hand and walked out the door.

    The next morning I was sitting in another GPs office, waiting for him to arrive, and as he walked in the door, he took one look at my daughter, whom he had never met before, and said, "Oh, you poor little girl, you've got impetigo, well, let's get you looked at, and we get that cleared up in a jiffy."

    Moral of the story: most diseases are actually well known - if you find a competent doctor. Unfortunately, most doctors are incompetent. Impetigo is an amazingly common problem especially for children of primary school age. For any GP to not have recognized the symptoms is simply an indictment of the complete lack of competence.

    As long as the medical community continues to hide the fact that 90% of their job is to memorize symptoms, and accept payola from pharma companies for generating prescriptions , and prescribe medication unnecessarily I will continue to treat them like scum sucking lawyers, used car salesman.

  9. The article says they had been taken for pathology by Cougem · · Score: 5, Informative

    She obviously just requested her own tissues, RTFA

    "she was looking under the microscope at slides of her own intestinal tissue -- slides her pathologist had said were completely normal"

  10. Re:Surprised? by discontinuity · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Crohn's disease is pretty common, so how come it wasn't diagnosed? The idiot medicos just pocketed the money for tests, hospital stays, appointments, medical certs etc for 8 years while the girl suffered? Hmmm. Come to think of it I'm not that surprised. There are far more quacks out there than decent doctors in my experience.

    Well, Wikipedia can be suspect at times, but here's what it says (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crohn%27s_disease#Symptoms):

    Many people with Crohn's disease have symptoms for years prior to the diagnosis.[12] The usual onset is between 15 and 30 years of age but can occur at any age.[13] Because of the 'patchy' nature of the gastrointestinal disease and the depth of tissue involvement, initial symptoms can be more vague than with ulcerative colitis. People with Crohn's disease will go through periods of flare-ups and remission.

    Really sounds to me like a combo of on-again off-again symptoms and symptoms that are fairly generic (i.e., shared w/ lots of conditions) than doctors and labs trying to squeeze ever last buck out of someone and their insurance. Now, if there is a problem if the first thing they do is run expensive tests for exotic diseases or something like that. I mean, a responsible physician would consider the a priori odds of each condition. And while I'm sure there are plenty of "quacks" out there, I'm not sure that's the first conclusion I would reach for in this particular case.

  11. Re:So what by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    That's not funny. My brother died from dyslexia.

  12. Re:Surprised? by ArcherB · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Really sounds to me like a combo of on-again off-again symptoms and symptoms that are fairly generic (i.e., shared w/ lots of conditions) than doctors and labs trying to squeeze ever last buck out of someone and their insurance. Now, if there is a problem if the first thing they do is run expensive tests for exotic diseases or something like that. I mean, a responsible physician would consider the a priori odds of each condition. And while I'm sure there are plenty of "quacks" out there, I'm not sure that's the first conclusion I would reach for in this particular case.

    Exactly! Her symptoms could have pointed to IBS, poor diet, allergies, repeated food poisoning or even hypochondria. I don't expect a doctor to run every patient with a headache through an MRI. If this poor student truly was visiting quacks, they would have run every test known to man on her just to pocket the CHIP money!

    What I really want to know is how they got a sample of her intestinal tissue for a high school science class.

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  13. Re:it's called evolution... by stdarg · · Score: 5, Informative

    True but most rich people didn't inherit their wealth (http://www.smartmoney.com/spending/rip-offs/10-things-millionaires-wont-tell-you-23697/ "or take the most common path: running your own business. That's how half of all millionaires made their money, according to the AmEx/Harrison survey. About a third had a professional practice or worked in the corporate world; only 3 percent inherited their wealth.").

  14. Re:Surprised? by Mong0 · · Score: 5, Informative

    According to the article her pathologist gave her the slides for the class project.

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  15. Re:it's called evolution... by Insanity+Defense · · Score: 5, Insightful

    True but most rich people didn't inherit their wealth (http://www.smartmoney.com/spending/rip-offs/10-things-millionaires-wont-tell-you-23697/ "or take the most common path: running your own business. That's how half of all millionaires made their money, according to the AmEx/Harrison survey. About a third had a professional practice or worked in the corporate world; only 3 percent inherited their wealth.").

    So what percentage of those "self made" people had wealthy parents who could pay to put them through the best schools and connect them with those who could help them succeed?

    Take Gates for example. His parents were well to do lawyers who sent him to Harvard and it was his mother who directed IBM to him for DOS. If he had been born to minimum wage parents would he be wealthy now? Maybe but much less likely.

  16. Remeber it is practicing by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    This is why they call it 'practicing medicine'. Not many Doctors are that good at it yet.

    Seriously. The most common form of practicing medicine is actually better phrased as 'statistical medicine'. If you have a complaint with a set of symptoms, the Doctor will look at your overall and family health history, your age and basically look at what is most likely to be the diagnosis. If your real issue is not blatantly obvious to see, or you just happen to be unfortunate enough not to fit this well oiled set of statistics. Then you are likely to go undiagnosed. Very few Doctors and specialist will take the time and effort with every patient to hit that few percent that fall outside. They almost always figure they will get a second shot at it at least without causing to much harm or risk to the patient.

    The practice of practicing statistical medicine is well known in the profession. There is plenty of literature within the various disciplines about the situation and costs involved. What I don't understand is that the title should not have been this individual diagnosed herself. More appropriately. 'How many patients routinely find the cause of their illness' before the medical profession does, like this woman did. I would hazard a guess that a 'Specialist' level of failure is statistically related to the statistics they use, on your specific complaint. To put it another way. If we still deal with only the specialist level of care, then over one year period. If 10 patients of the same demographic come into the office with the same complaint and the actual disease has only a 1% chance of hitting that age group. But for argument sake all actually have this disease. He will either get only 1 wrong or he will get it wrong for all but one. Guess what really happens? Use statistics if you wish. :)

    1. Re:Remeber it is practicing by MMC+Monster · · Score: 5, Informative

      Slightly offtopic rant: IAAP (I Am A Physician), and we have to practice statistical medicine. But first and foremost, we have to listen to our patients. A good story beats statistics 9 times out of 10. But that means we get burnt 10 percent of the time. The patient population understands that. The health care industry understands that.

      There's the old saying, "If you hear hoofbeats, look for horses, not zebras". If you want to practice medicine in a different way, go for it.

      --
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    2. Re:Remeber it is practicing by Lord+Bitman · · Score: 5, Insightful

      I've had a cough for about eight years now. Is there a secret code word I can use to say "No, really, I _have_ looked into this before, several doctors have, and it's probably not horses because they've given me medication for horses and it doesn't work. Maybe it's zebras? I'm not supposed to be the one coming up with ideas, here. No, I don't want zebra medication, I'm just saying I want you to actually look into this, take some blood or ask a couple or non-basic questions. Can I please actually be diagnosed instead of given whatever samples of allergy medication [with the same active ingredient and a newer more-relaxing name!] got dropped off by a salesperson last week and that I really don't need?"

      See, It's fine if 10% of people get screwed over the first time, but if 10% of people get screwed over the first time and have no way of saying "that didn't work, I'd like the non-statistical one now, please", that doesn't work.

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      -- 'The' Lord and Master Bitman On High, Master Of All
  17. Re:I suspect I may have Multiple Personality Disor by risk+one · · Score: 5, Funny

    IWtR woerkedd oouth briplliantly fopr me . Engvry bok;dy shold tryuk oit. Nevtr fgelt nbetytere.

  18. Re:Surprised? by bitt3n · · Score: 5, Funny

    Yeah a lot of self diagnoses probably revolved around: "It hurts when I pee ... that bitch/bastard" :-)

    if you can't remember whether the offender was a bitch or a bastard, you're probably partly to blame

  19. Some times you need to be your own advocate by hAckz0r · · Score: 5, Interesting
    My hat is off to this individual for being so resourceful at such an early age. I suffered from a parasitic disease for 37 years without any diagnosis, before buying all kinds of lab equipment and discovering the cause myself. The doctors never even tried to diagnose it, and some just labelled me as being a nut case, or something. I saw SO MANY doctors I have lost track, and not one of them really even tried to come up with an explanation, or send me for tests that might have even had a chance at diagnosing the actual problem. Not even so much as a guess. In short, they were incapable of 'thinking outside the box'.

    The answer was http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schistosomiasis, which I contracted as a young child. It ruined my life, for sure. The trouble is, if you ask any doctor here in the US they will tell you it does not even exist here, only in west Africa and South America. I've never even been anywhere near there, or outside the country at the time at which I contracted it. If you have ever been labelled with IBS but have other symptoms as well then you might want to read the above wikipedia article.

    Because the doctors are not aware of the disease, they do not diagnose it.
    Because doctors do not diagnose it, they do not collect any statistics.
    Because the disease is statistically insignificant, the medical schools do not teach much, if any, about it.
    Therefore the doctors don't know about it.

    Anyone see a problem with this situation?

    What really hurts is that when it really started affecting my health my primary care physician at the time was an EXPERT in those diseases, and she just blew me off because it would bee too hard to think, or to send me for actual tests of some kind. You would never know her ineptitude by looking at her wall of certification she earned in medical school in west Africa. Of all doctors, including at least three infectious disease specialists, this one completely boggles my mind how she could have missed this diagnosis!

    After 37+ years of damage it took my buying my own 1600x stereo microscope mounted with a CCD camera to collect some indisputable evidence, one day to use it, one doctor visit to present my case, three days just to find a source in the US to fill the prescription, and only 24 hours to actually cure it. The damage was done, and nothing can ever give me back my health, or a normal life for that matter. The real kicker is my dog gets that exact same 'cure' every month, but it took me three days to find a supplier for a 'human' prescription for the exact same drug. All I can say is at least my dog has someone that actually cares about his health!