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Earth's Period of Habitability Is Nearly Over

xp65 writes "Scientists at this year's XXVIIth General Assembly of the International Astronomical Union in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil agree that we do not yet know how ubiquitous or how fragile life is, but that: 'The Earth's period of habitability is nearly over on a cosmological timescale. In a half to one billion years the Sun will start to be too luminous and warm for water to exist in liquid form on Earth, leading to a runaway greenhouse effect in less than 2 billion years.' Other surprising claims from this conference: that the Sun may not be the ideal kind of star to nurture life, and that the Earth may not be the ideal size."

45 of 756 comments (clear)

  1. So we still have... by jmerlin · · Score: 5, Insightful

    500 million years give or take a few hundred thousand to develop warp drive capability. Either we'll figure it out or we'll blow ourselves up.. I doubt it'll be the sun that kills off life on this planet.

    1. Re:So we still have... by stupid_is · · Score: 3, Insightful

      That's assuming we can build sufficient transport to offload folks faster than we breed - otherwise a large group of folks will be left to feel the heat....

      I'm sure we'll develop something that can shift us around the universe - even if it's just building a generation-ship, but will it be big enough to take *everyone*?

      --
      -- Intelligence is soluble in alcohol
    2. Re:So we still have... by Burnhard · · Score: 4, Insightful

      If Humanity is still around then (highly unlikely) it will long since have had the technology and resources required to push the Earth to a new, stable and habitable orbit.

    3. Re:So we still have... by Kotoku · · Score: 4, Insightful

      See, we rush to take this as an inevitable conclusion, but we could still be here arguing over illiegal immigration, voting on American Idol, and crying over Soap Opera weddings.

      If we don't try, it won't just happen.

    4. Re:So we still have... by Carewolf · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Either we'll figure it out or we'll blow ourselves up..

      Blowing ourselves up won't make the Earth uninhabitable. Contrary to common belief, we are just not that good, not even at being destructive.

    5. Re:So we still have... by xtracto · · Score: 4, Insightful

      See, we rush to take this as an inevitable conclusion, but we could still be here arguing over illiegal immigration, voting on American Idol, and crying over Soap Opera weddings.
      If we don't try, it won't just happen.

      Just to put some perspective, the low-end side of the date is Five hundred million or:

      500,000,000

      The human civilization has only been around for about 6000 years (from say,bronze age to Today).

      This means that, when the sun starts getting unsuitable to life, civilization will have advanced for 499,994,000 years.

      Somehow I think that, at that time either humanity has destroyed itself (or the planet, while playing their "nuclear energy" toys) or has matured enough to migrate to whatever other planet is suitable for life.

      --
      Ubuntu is an African word meaning 'I can't configure Debian'
    6. Re:So we still have... by itlurksbeneath · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Probably only big enough for the hair dressers and phone sanitizers, leaving the rest of the planet to die with bad hair and nasty ear infections.

      --
      Have you ever considered piracy? You'd make a wonderful Dread Pirate Roberts.
    7. Re:So we still have... by Tisha_AH · · Score: 2, Insightful

      The sexagesimal (base 60) numbering system was around for more than a thousand years before the greeks. (approx 2000 BC). It is an odd system but one fully capable of supporting quadratic equations, algeba, roots, powers, multiplication, division and reciprocals.

      http://it.stlawu.edu/~dmelvill/mesomath/index.html

      As a species we have gradually transitioned from hunter-gatherer societies to fixed agrarian settlements and animal husbandry around 10,000 years ago. Essentially the capability of human intellect has changed little in that time. If you were able to take a child from the city of Ur or Uruk 5,000 years ago and put them in modern schools they would do as well (or as badly) as modern students.

      The greatest impediment to human progress has not been intellect, numbering systems or technologies. What has kept us from moving to the stars 500 to 1000 years ago has been that we are terrible at keeping knowledge and invention once it is discovered. The rises and falls of civilizations has been the great eraser of knowledge and frequently does the CTRL-ALT-DEL on all of the progress we have made to date.

      By the time our sun begins to get warmer and gradually blooms out to a red giant life on this planet will either be completely extinct or so far along the evolutionary path that Homo Sapiens will be as relevant as the dinosaurs are to us today.

      --
      Tisha Hayes
    8. Re:So we still have... by geekoid · · Score: 3, Insightful

      We've invented fire and someone said:
      "Surely we will burn all the tress and kill us all.

      We've invented the wheel and someone said:
      "Surely we will crush our toes and it will kill us all."

      We've invented agriculture and someone said:
      "Surely all the grain will rot, and we will kill us all"

      We've invented ships and someone said:
      "Surely man will anger the ocean, and it will rise up and kill us all"

      We've invented forks and someone said:
      "Surely, we will poke out out tongues and eyes"

      We've invented the automobile and someone said:
      "Surely going this fast will destroy us all/"

      We've invented atomic and someone said:
      "Surely we will blow ourselves up and create giant ants."

      I suspect we will be fine. We will still be around in 100 million years in one form or another.
      If not, they can raise me from the dead and give me a stern talking to.

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    9. Re:So we still have... by steelfood · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Not to intentionally start a flamewar, but the dark ages were caused by the fall of Rome and the rise of a particular, anti-intellectual religion. It ended when the power church began to wane, and the renaissance really took off when people stopped listening to the church.

      Possibly, arabic numerals allowed science and mathematics to take off. But what brought Europe out of the dark ages was primarily art (liberal and fine), which in turn affected culture to one friendly to the development of mathematics and sciences.

      If you want to see a society that was very learned, but also lacked development in mathematics and science, look to ancient China. It's the perfect example of how the arts affected culture in a way that didn't help math and science. But China never went through "dark ages," and mainly because of a lack of a pervasive anti-intellectual religion.

      If you want to see another example of religion causing a "dark age," look at the Arabs. They were at the forefront of math and science, and they'd still be there if but for their religious zealots taking over. When the religious zealots took over, their advancement came to a halt almost overnight. In fact, you can argue that they're still not out of their dark age yet, but there are other non-religious factors like imperialism that partially prevented this.

      --
      "If a nation expects to be ignorant and free in a state of civilization, it expects what never was and never will be."
  2. On a side note... by jmerlin · · Score: 0, Insightful

    as this may lead to the devastation of the planet, we must invest in a way to protect ourselves from the sun (and you thought GLOBAL WARMING was bad, this shit here is SOLAR WARMING), so I anxiously await Al Gore's appearance on the scene since there's plenty of government spending and fear mongering to be done here!

  3. Re:Depending on who you believe by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    What climate model projects that the Earth will be _uninhabitable_ within a few hundred years?

  4. I love these articles, seriously... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0, Insightful

    - 65 Million years ago, we were mice.
    - We have 500 Million years left (worse case).

    Conclusion : your time is _almost_ over.

    Brilliant !

    Forget about millions of people dying of hunger and disease today,
    let's worry about what's gonna happen five hundred _million_ years from now !
    First things first !

    P.S.: oh, don't let the "greenhouse efect" hint miss you... Global-warmers are up to anything these days...

    1. Re:I love these articles, seriously... by Tomfrh · · Score: 2, Insightful

      The question is how does it take for terraforming a planet?

      Big Job. Takes decades.

  5. Ideally... by nomad-9 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    "that the Sun may not be the ideal kind of star to nurture life, and that the Earth may not be the ideal size."

    Homo sapiens may not be the ideal kind of advanced life form either. Otherwise it wouldn't destroy its own habitat on a global scale, nor cause avoidable mass extinction of other species. The good news? We don't really need to start worrying about the sun quitting on us. We'll be long gone before that, and I don't mean on another planet. I mean gone in a dinosaurial kind of way...

    1. Re:Ideally... by nizo · · Score: 5, Insightful

      I mean gone in a dinosaurial kind of way

      We'll evolve into birds?

    2. Re:Ideally... by squizzar · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Why are we _supposed_ to care about other species? Surely that we do in any way is just a trait of humanity. We could be like viruses, causing disease and death with no other intent than to reproduce. We could be the ultimate disease, destroying everything in our own self interest if that was our innate desire. The whole concept that we should care about other species or our impact on our environment is entirely of our own creation. To ascribe it to some higher goal is still to ascribe it to some higher human goal. To act like the reasons for preserving the environment and life on this planet are anything other than selfish is misguided. We want to preserve life on the earth for our own self interests: because we depend on it (and because we think it is cute). We want to preserve the environment because we depend on it (and because we think it is pretty). These are the only reasons to protect the world that make sense: because we want to protect ourselves and our children. This is a desire that has kept us going throughout millenia.

      Not everyone has the same balance of these desires, and hence not everyone is as concerned about protecting the environment as they are about having shiny toys. They may like the taste of fishes a bit more than seeing them swim. This leads to some inevitable conflict, and the large debates, and a lot of hair pulling from the people who have strong opinions (probably because of strong desires) on each side who find it unbelievable that everyone doesn't prioritise things in the same way they do.

      The attitude that we have some 'higher purpose' or that everything else is somehow more sacred than us is a strange to me. It's like people feel guilty about their own existence. I think that is has some of the same overtones of religion - that you are imperfect, you are inferior, you are sinful and therefore you should feel bad, and worship this, and promise not to do this list of things, promise to do this other list of things. The original sin becomes the carbon footprint. The objects of worship are trees and rocks and animals. You should forgo warmth and meat and convenience because they are an affront to your belief. And if you really get upset you should forget all respect for your fellow men and go and cause destruction in the name of your beliefs. Like all religions there are great benefits for many involved. And there is also the way it is used to control people, and to justify actions against fellow human beings, and often against everything you claim to stand for. The attitude of 'humans are the nastiest bunch of bastards on the planet, we should hate ourselves' is the first step of the crazy thinking towards things starting to get blown up (and peoples grandparents being exhumed). Destroy the infidel, for he does not share our beliefs as we are told to believe them.

      Back to the original point though - humans are just one more example of life. Another species. Another part of the universe. We are not here for some higher purpose. We exist, like all life, simply to exist. That we are conscious of this, that we can analyse it in this way makes us one the most fascinating creatures on the planet. But we are what we are, and if we fuck it up and destroy ourselves, we will know who to blame. It would be a great shame, but you're not going to get me to start hating myself because I accept my own and others fallibility. We may be able to achieve much more, but we may not. What will be will be, so live your life because you can, simply live, that is all.

    3. Re:Ideally... by zsau · · Score: 1, Insightful

      Back to the original point though - humans are just one more example of life. Another species. Another part of the universe.

      No we're not. We are the universe. Without us, there is no life, no universe. Unless or until some other intelligent species exists, the universe ceases to exist the moment the last human dies. Now, that doesn't mean there is some sort of meaning to life, but if we say other forms of life are important to us, then they are objectively so. The universe exists for us.

      (Plus, I'd be pretty sad if all I saw every day was people and concrete blocks. Sure, insects can be pretty annoying sometimes, but there's other life and other fun.)

      --
      Look out!
    4. Re:Ideally... by scruffy · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Why are we _supposed_ to care about other species?

      Maybe because we _know_ we can't live without them?

    5. Re:Ideally... by Khashishi · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Hmm, I'm in the tough position of defending something that I believe in, but know is ultimately arbitrary at a fundamental level.

      That which is natural isn't necessarily right. You, me, we all live to survive, and propagate our genes. That's what evolution has programmed us to do. It's natural to work together and protect each other from dangers, which helps us to survive. It's also natural to rape, consume resources, and destroy competitors, as long as it satisfies our programming. Whatever we do, Nature doesn't care. Nature has no sense of right and wrong. But humans do.

      Nature doesn't need to provide ethics because human societies can create their own. Sure, there are a bunch of disagreements over what constitutes proper ethics, but at least we are better off than having no ethics at all, which is why this propensity for morality has evolved into our conscience. Almost everyone agrees on the golden rule, and I would say there is some instinctual backing to this. Morality helps us to survive as a species.

      You dislike environmentalism because it tries to put guilt on you for being yourself. Why should you care about the environment? Because you should have the empathy to not condemn future generations to a less hospitable world with no fish and violent weather and toxic skies. There's no absolute power you have to answer to, but you still have to live with yourself.

      I'm not here to support extremism, but how can you suggest that violent destruction in the name of belief is somehow "wrong", if you don't believe in right and wrong? Terrorists are just another example of life.

      There's no ultimate authority, but there still is authority, and you are wrong.

  6. Re:Sooner than that... by JordanL · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I'm confused... how can 2012 be attributed to Christian myth even by the most loose of interpretations?

    According to christian doomsday lore, several things which need to happen have not, including the mark of the beast, the universal persecution of the christian faith, the single currency system... the anti-christ...

    And even then, the rapture is supposed to occur seven years before the destruction of this world... basically under christian theology, the rapture happens, then seven years of absolute devestation occurs.

    Where in the world did you get the idea that the Christian faith even hints at something near 2012?

  7. Re:I'm not convinced by a couple of points by Missing_dc · · Score: 3, Insightful

    There could be life somewhere else... but how would it be better? It's like saying life conditions in a particular continent are better than on another continent, so life is more in danger/ is better off there

    Australia vs Antarctica, you do the math.

    How do we know the dna mutations occuring (which according to the articles may have influenced life, endangered it)... didnt actually foster the right mutations for life as we know it... we dont have a recipy for life, let alone ideal life.

    Lets see, the kangaroo, the ostrich or the platypus seem pretty specialized, which means there were probably TONS of mutations that didn't make it. Basic Darwinism. We may not have a recipe for life, but if you throw the same ingredients together in various proportions (flour, sugar, salt, baking powder, water, egg, oil and chocolate chips) you will eventually get some damned good cookies. The recipies that don't get eaten are in danger (endangered) of being thrown out.

    I'll go even further and say that supposing we had an orange dwarf which according to the article lasts 10 or 20 times more... we may never be encouraged to leave our solar system... sometimes, knowing we're doomed if we dont do anything about it is actually a motivator to save our necks by working more. So the fact that we are doomed - in a long term - will force us to find other habitable places.
    This one I actually agree with, it is like lighting a long term fire under our collective asses. Judging by Humans' propensity towards procrastination, by the time it is hot enough to make us move, they may be some very tan asses.

    --
    How amazed would you be to suddenly find that you just forgot what I wrote and you needed to reread my post.... again.
  8. HALF A BILLION YEARS by MosesJones · · Score: 4, Insightful

    They aren't saying we've "only" got 500,000 years they are saying that we've only got 500,000,000 years. Given that mankind in its present form have only been around for 100-50,000 years and that we've only had civilisations for around 10,000 years then even 500,000 years is a mind bogglingly staggering amount of time.

    Sure we could do propulsion systems, space drives, kill ourselves directly, die from a meteor strike or new virus. What these people are saying is that in 500,000,000 years or more that the earth as it currently stands won't be a great place to live. This doesn't mean panic. It doesn't mean say "who are they to say we aren't going to have technology to fix this problem" its a piece of science that helps us understand more about our planet and solar system and the potential for life elsewhere in the universe.

    Half a billion years ago was the Cambrian explosion when life really got going on this planet. So the odds on humans existing in our present form is pretty much zero given the amount of evolution that has happened in the previous 500 million years.

    Clever technology is one thing, but half a billion years is another. Evolution works wonders on those sorts of timescales.

    --
    An Eye for an Eye will make the whole world blind - Gandhi
  9. Ultraviolet and X rays bad? Maybe not by Viol8 · · Score: 2, Insightful

    They talk about drawrf stars being better because of the lower amount of high energy EM coming off them (as well as they're longer life). But I wonder if they've stopped to consider that perhaps high energies were required to kick start life as we know it. If the early earth had just been an ocean of soup sitting under a benign, dull, low power star radiating mostly in the IR part of the spectrum its possible that chemically nothing very exciting would have ever happened.

  10. Re:Depending on who you believe by daem0n1x · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Don't worry, the Earth will remain inhabitable even in the most dark of the global warming scenarios.

    Just not by humans.

  11. On a serious note by ShooterNeo · · Score: 4, Insightful

    If true, our existence is quite incredible. Life on earth is thought to have taken between 2 and 3 billion years to evolve to the current biosphere extant today. Obviously, that means it took the process of evolution all this time to design creatures as complex as humans, as well as the other sophisticated life on this planet.

    More than likely, humans will develop technology that will allow humans (or more likely, human creations) to spread beyond this star to the broader universe beyond. Yet, had evolution been a mere billion years too slow, or had random accidents meant that intelligent life was never evolved, then this would have never happened.

  12. Everyone have to die by rmansuri · · Score: 1, Insightful

    This is something coming up from devil's mind which keep changing every decade...I don't bother with these kind of news as one day everyone have to die.

  13. Rubbish, of course it is. by GrahamCox · · Score: 5, Insightful

    the Sun may not be the ideal kind of star to nurture life, and that the Earth may not be the ideal size

    Since life evolved to suit the conditions, this statement is silly. The Sun and the Earth are perfect for life as it is found in the Sun/Earth system.

  14. Re:Depending on who you believe by Hal_Porter · · Score: 1, Insightful

    95% of cockroaches vote Republican, so I'm not worried.

    --
    echo -e 'global _start\n _start:\n mov eax, 2\n int 80h\n jmp _start' > a.asm; nasm a.asm -f elf; ld a.o -o a;
  15. Re:Sooner than that... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Religon making sense, doesn't that destroy the need for faith?

  16. Re:Sooner than that... by Golddess · · Score: 2, Insightful

    The rapture actually happened in 2005, it's just that no one was worthy of being taken at that time so we didn't realize there was anything out of the ordinary.

    --
    "I'm not sure I like the fugnutish tone you used in your post!" -RogL (608926)-
  17. Re:Sooner than that... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

    the universal persecution of the christian faith

    But this is totally going on! We can't even say "Merry Christmas" any more, it's all "Happy Holidays" and bullshit like that!

    No, really, lots of people think this. I've met them.

  18. Re:Depending on who you believe by Jaysyn · · Score: 2, Insightful

    ... is a story about a very vivid mushroom trip that some guy named John once had.

    --
    There is a war going on for your mind.
  19. Re:Depending on who you believe by Smidge204 · · Score: 1, Insightful

    Not sure how serious you intended to be, because that's not entirely out of the question.

    It's called ergotism: A condition that rises from eating cereal grains contaminated with a fungus. Symptoms can include seizures ("demonic possession") and hallucinations ("divine inspiration").

    One can easily imagine that, in an era before sophisticated food storage and preparation methods, such an affliction could be rather common... indeed there are many historical records of ergotism epidemics in the middle ages. Why not in pre-biblical times as well?
    =Smidge=

  20. Re:Dang! Things were just getting fun by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

    Nuclear Fission is the energy of right now. Problem is too many DIPSHITS are in the way of plentiful cheap energy.

    yes every fucking one of you tree huggers that are against Nuclear power are MOTHER FUCKING DIP SHITS that are causing the world to stick to polluting sources like Coal and Natural Gas.

    Fucking assholes ruin my planet because your too stupid to see the answers.

  21. Re:Dang! Things were just getting fun by mcgrew · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I'm out of here!

    Yes, long before the earthe becomes uninhabitable. I'll likley be gone before you; my life is more than half over. Half a billion years is a damned long time. Humans will be extinct long before that, evolved to become some other species. Only sixty fife million years ago the birds were dinasaurs and we were small mouselike creatures.

    By the time the earth is uninhabitable, we will have terraformed Mars and Europa.

    I find the speculation that "Sun may not be the ideal kind of star to nurture life, and that the Earth may not be the ideal size" ludicrous. Life is here and we've yet to find any sign of it anywhere else. It doesn't have to be "ideal", obviously it's good enough.

    By the time this happens we will have reached the other stars. So you can stop worrying about it.

  22. Re:Dang! Things were just getting fun by Shakrai · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Humans will be extinct long before that, evolved to become some other species.

    Why do you say that? Species tend to evolve because the new form offers advantages/adaptions that enable them to better survive in the current environment. In the absence of this pressure there isn't much incentive to evolve. Sharks and crocodiles are two examples that come to mind -- they haven't changed much in the last hundred million years or so. You could go back to the time of the dinosaurs and they would still be recognizable.

    What pressure does homo sapiens to evolve, given that our technological abilities largely shield us from the pressures of our environment?

    --
    I want peace on earth and goodwill toward man.
    We are the United States Government! We don't do that sort of thing.
  23. And now by Philip+K+Dickhead · · Score: 3, Insightful

    With only 10 billion left on the clock, maybe you'll learn to take a little time. Stop and smell the roses, while yet we have noses!

    --
    "Speaking the Truth in times of universal deceit is a revolutionary act." -- George Orwell
  24. Re:Sooner than that... by mcgrew · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Most people are confused by what "faith" is. It's not as in "believe despite all evidence", it's more like your being faithful to your wife. It means being faithful to God, and worshiping him rather than Baal or money or other such trivialities.

    If God has shown you that he is real, why would you need to take it on faith? Once you have seeen an elephant you don't have to take anybody's word that elephants exists.

  25. Re:Dang! Things were just getting fun by YttriumOxide · · Score: 5, Insightful

    You may be a troll and have hopeless grammar, but nevertheless as a "hippy treehugger" myself, I absolutely agree with you. Being a greenie and being OPPOSED to nuclear energy has always struck me as complete madness.

    Save the planet, use clean nuclear energy!

    --
    My book about LSD and Self-Discovery
    Also on facebook as: DroppingAcidDaleBewan
  26. Re:Dang! Things were just getting fun by ekgringo · · Score: 5, Insightful

    * 2100 - humans loose ability to read/write

    Mod +5 Ironic

  27. Re:Dang! Things were just getting fun by jackflap · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Man, nuclear energy is bad.

    With the privatization of energy companies, nuclear energy is a disaster waiting to happen.

    It's a matter of how the core-values of for-profit organisations manifest themselves in the market, which is essentially to maximize profits.

    All companies attempting to maximize profits will reduce costs as much as possible. The only way a company is able to reduce their costs as much as possible when dealing with nuclear waste, is to overstep the line and then adjust their cost-cutting techniques so that it borders on that line.

    Government regulation won't work, since governments core values are to maximize their own survival, and this is primarily faciliated by aligning themselves with profit-maximizing legislation for for-profit organizations.

    You could argue that they don't have to walk the line, and can avoid mistakes, but considering what a wonderful service I'm getting from British Gas right now, I definitely do not want nuclear energy in their "competent" hands.

  28. Re:Dang! Things were just getting fun by buchner.johannes · · Score: 1, Insightful

    You can not recycle the fuel rods and other components. Also, Uran is as limited as oil.

    Nuclear energy is not clean.

    You could make the point that you need energy for making solar panels aswell, however that would be an unfair comparison (by amount and material).

    --
    NB: The message above might reflect my opinion right now, but not necessarily tomorrow or next year.
  29. Re:Dang! Things were just getting fun by Trailer+Park+Boy · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Were talking about hundreds of millions of years, what makes you think our current civilization will be stable on those time scales? Large scale disasters such as nuclear war or asteroid strikes that may be unlikely in the short term become very likely given enough time. Any kind of disaster or civilization collapse could lead to groups of humans becoming reproductively isolated, leading to speciation events. The idea that we will still be the same species in a hundred million years time seems pretty unlikely to me. Not impossible, but unlikely.

  30. Re:Dang! Things were just getting fun by MJMullinII · · Score: 3, Insightful

    The US has accumulated that much waste because it is illegal in the US to reprocess that waste into more uranium pellets. Other countries with active nuclear programs recycle their waste, drastically reducing the volume and half-life of the net waste output.

    Actually it's not. President Reagan rescinded President Carter's Presidential Order to forbid reprocessing.

    The reason reprocessing isn't done in the United States is because, quite frankly, it isn't needed. We have plenty of raw uranium for the foreseeable future, an this lauded amount of Nuclear Waste (I'll just assume the parents declaration of 60,000 tons is correct) wouldn't even come close to filling a single football field (where it stacked in a square).

    For going on 70 years of Nuclear Operations, a single football field of waste is pretty damn good compared to the tons of fly ash heaps we've got laying around.

    --
    "Don't be a martyr -- BE THE ONE WHO GOT AWAY!"