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Students Take Pictures From Space On $150 Budget

An anonymous reader writes "Two MIT students have successfully photographed the earth from space on a strikingly low budget of $148. Perhaps more significantly, they managed to accomplish this feat using components available off-the-shelf to the average layperson, opening the door for a new generation of amateur space enthusiasts. The pair plan to launch again soon and hope that their achievements will inspire teachers and students to pursue similar endeavors."

45 of 215 comments (clear)

  1. This is hardly anything new by Bruce+Perens · · Score: 5, Informative

    Groups like EOSS have been doing this for at least 30 years, probably more. It's very common for a balloon launch to be a featured event in a ham radio conference. Their budgets per payload are similar, although they are able to do more technical work than featured in the MIT students work and often design their own radios, command devices, etc. None of this, though, is out of the range of a dedicated amateur. Note that there is a software-defined GPS in development that might be the best way to get around the 20K foot altitude limit of consumer GPS devices. Its component cost is pretty low, despite the $495 cost charged for an assembled device at that site.

    1. Re:This is hardly anything new by cptdondo · · Score: 5, Insightful

      But this is in range of a middle school science teacher. That's the beauty of it! Once you break the $500 dollar limit, our underfunded schools in the US can't afford it. Heck, the elementary school my kids go to was happy to received a $200 check I won at a local race. For $150, these kinds of parts can be built using donated stuff. Many people have cell phones they no longer use. Many people have digital cameras they don't use. I can see doing this with some donated materials for $100. Plus the technology is there - no custom built ham radios, just "ordinary" technology we all use on a daily basis. It brings space down to ordinary kids. It would be great if these guys provided drawings and what control they usd for the camera and see if we can launch this at our school.

    2. Re:This is hardly anything new by Kira-Baka · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Some people provide better images too. The site I've linked even provides videos.

    3. Re:This is hardly anything new by Bruce+Perens · · Score: 4, Informative
      This was in the range of a high-school teacher before. Indeed, there have been many high-school launches. Using donated parts doesn't really cut it. The camera has to be one of a few specific models that can run an Open Source download. The phone can't be just any one, unfortunately.

      By the way, use of the phone at altitude violates FCC regulations and does a denial-of-service attack on cell sites because sites all of the way to the horizon are receiving that frequency.

    4. Re:This is hardly anything new by Rorschach1 · · Score: 5, Insightful

      I think the hardware investment for my balloon project was about $300:

      http://n1vg.net/balloon

      I've got a new payload sitting here ready to go that's a lot cleaner and simpler, and has a 2-hour video capacity. Everything in the payload is off the shelf (granted, the radio/tracker is off my own shelf, it's one of my company's products) except for a DB9 connector and a few wires that took a few minutes to solder together. The housing is the top half of a magnum wine shipper, and all of the components (battery, radio, GPS) just wedge in between the foam pieces intended to hold the neck of the bottle. The camcorder is held in with rubber bands:

      http://n1vg.net/images/payload1.jpg
      http://n1vg.net/images/payload2.jpg
      http://n1vg.net/images/payload3.jpg

      The acrylic window that goes over the end took me about 3 minutes to fabricate on a CNC milling machine and could be easily and cheaply replicated.

      It'd be cheaper to build a transmit-only version of this system, but having a receiver lets you do useful stuff like control a cutdown device. This particular payload doesn't have one yet, but it can be as simple as a 1-watt resistor that you drive at 3 watts for several seconds to melt through a Nylon or Spectra cord. Maybe an extra buck worth of hardware.

      I might launch this thing as soon as next month if I can find the time. Possibly from the Mojave desert again, or maybe from the Cuyama Valley, a little closer to home. Ground crew and chase team volunteers are always welcome.

      At some point I'd like to have a ready-to-fly kit to sell at a reasonable price to schools, along with enough instructional materials to get them started. I just don't have the time for it right now.

    5. Re:This is hardly anything new by Plunky · · Score: 3, Interesting

      By the way, use of the phone at altitude violates FCC regulations and does a denial-of-service attack on cell sites because sites all of the way to the horizon are receiving that frequency.

      I guess, if they thought of it, they could set the phone to not transmit unless it was under a set height and falling. That could save battery power too..

    6. Re:This is hardly anything new by Bruce+Perens · · Score: 5, Informative

      Another thing they can do is use a part-15 or Amateur transmitter. Now that there is no Morse Code requirement, passing the lowest level of ham test is something you can do with a few hours study. And then you can have live TV from the balloon, and you can command it to cut down the balloon when you wish.

    7. Re:This is hardly anything new by dgatwood · · Score: 4, Funny

      Well, that's an easy one. Use precisely guided rockets and explosives to carve her face on the surface of the moon....

      --

      Check out my sci-fi/humor trilogy at PatriotsBooks.

    8. Re:This is hardly anything new by YrWrstNtmr · · Score: 3, Insightful

      It's not as sexy to report "University of Kentucky students take pictures from space on $150 budget".

      Actually, I'd expect MIT students to do stuff like this. Podunk U students doing it would be more newsworthy.

    9. Re:This is hardly anything new by shimage · · Score: 5, Insightful

      It's not new. There is a balloon class at the University of Washington. They launch a weather balloon with "payloads" designed (sort of, anyway) and built by students from an airport in the middle of nowhere (well, Central Washington) at the end of the class. The professors handle telemetry, which no doubt costs more than $150, but since the bandwidth is so low, they can't telemeter images anyway, so recovery is required. Incidentally, every payload has been recovered so far. Three or four years ago, an ambitious student that knew a bit more than most about digital electronics strapped a camera onto the payload just for shits and giggles (yes, self-powered and rigged to trigger every minute or so). The images he got back were pretty amazing, so after that the professors started offering extra credit for cameras, and every year at least one group gets a good set of pictures. In fact, last year they got one on the way up of an airplane that came a bit closer than it should have. The reason why no one has heard of this before is because no one thinks it's interesting enough to tell the press about; except MIT students, who apparently think that everything they do is hot shit.

    10. Re:This is hardly anything new by mystic414 · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Give them credit for creative problem-solving.

      They get no credit for creative problem-solving when four teenagers in Spain did the same thing six months ago:

      http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/howaboutthat/5005022/Teens-capture-images-of-space-with-56-camera-and-balloon.html

    11. Re:This is hardly anything new by Bruce+Perens · · Score: 3, Informative

      Check out Stratofox. That's the serious tracking group.

    12. Re:This is hardly anything new by Bruce+Perens · · Score: 2, Informative

      If you can afford to, here, otherwise you can get post-dated ones on ebay.

    13. Re:This is hardly anything new by Bruce+Perens · · Score: 2, Insightful
      Well, this phone was from Boost Mobile, a pay-as-you-go service. I have Net10, and they have not objected to my taking phones out of service early. Indeed, the way their service works, if you don't like your phone at all, buying a new one at monthly renewal time works out best.

      Net10 disables the USB data functionality on all of their phones. So, using the more expensive Boost would be necessary.

    14. Re:This is hardly anything new by xrayspx · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Don't be disappointed, submit the link! That said, I've never contributed a damn thing to this site, so so much for that advice.

  2. Damage on landing? by jcr · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Their site mentioned that the antenna of the phone got embedded in the ground, and it's not clear from the pictures if they had a parachute on it at all, or if it was just too small.

    -jcr

    --
    The only title of honor that a tyrant can grant is "Enemy of the State."
    1. Re:Damage on landing? by Tablizer · · Score: 3, Funny

      What a euphemism: "It didn't crash-land, it just rapidly embedded into the ground." Better copyright that before the airlines use it.

    2. Re:Damage on landing? by Bigjeff5 · · Score: 3, Insightful

      And far beyond the scope of the project.

      The whole point was to do this without any sort of hacking, it's all off the shelf parts that a 3rd grade teacher could put together. It was the whole point of the exercise.

      --
      Security is mostly a superstition... Avoiding danger is no safer in the long run than outright exposure. - Helen Keller
    3. Re:Damage on landing? by GameMaster · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Actually, it's even worse that that. US regulations say that the receiver can work over 60,000 feet and can work at over a certain speed limit but that it isn't allowed to do both at the same time. The idea is to stop them from being used as guidance for low cost ballistic missiles. The problem is that many of the GPS manufacturers got lazy and just set their equipment to stop working if either condition occurred. In this case, it' really isn't the fault of the US regulations.

      --

      Rules of Conduct:
      #1 - The DM is always right.
      #2 - If the DM is wrong, see rule #1
  3. ACME by Tablizer · · Score: 2, Funny

    My ACME Slingshot Cam may actually have a chance. I'm inspired again.

  4. Re:NOT from space by Gordonjcp · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Students from Cambridge University have been doing this for a couple of years now.

  5. ... they used a cellphone GPS? by popo · · Score: 2, Interesting

    "The cell phone was secured to the camera and constantly reported its GPS location via text message."

    Sure the GPS part of the phone would work, but is anyone skeptical of the SMS bit? How could this possibly have been within tower range?

    --
    ------ The best brain training is now totally free : )
    1. Re:... they used a cellphone GPS? by Bruce+Perens · · Score: 5, Informative
      It was in line-of-sight to the tower. Most of the signal loss is from obstacles on the ground. When you have line-of-sight, you can go very far.

      That's why use of cell phones at altitude is illegal. They illuminate thousands of cell cites all of the way to the horizon, and probably lock users out of a frequency on every one of those sites. It's sort of a denial-of-service attack.

    2. Re:... they used a cellphone GPS? by JorDan+Clock · · Score: 3, Informative
      From their website:

      The GPS cell phone we used to track the location of our vehicle lost reception soon after launch (at an elevation of ~2500 feet).

      So I'm guessing it gave it's location up to 2500 feet, disappeared, then reappeared when it went below about 2500 feet.

    3. Re:... they used a cellphone GPS? by click2005 · · Score: 2, Informative

      It would only need to be when its nearing the ground.

      --
      I am a free slashdotter. I will not be modded, blogged, DRM'd, patented, podcasted or RFID'd. My life is my own.
  6. Safety? by Noodlenose · · Score: 2, Interesting
    While I love the low-cost aspect of this project, I am worried about the safety aspects: No air traffic control registering, and how did they prevent the bloody thing from hitting another human on the way down?

    NN

    1. Re:Safety? by Bruce+Perens · · Score: 4, Informative
      You can inform the FAA to issue a NOTAM (Notice to Airmen) and you can get your flight permitted, all of the ham groups know how to do this. You can get a fine for not informing the FAA if your payload is over a certain weight.

      The terminal velocity of falling objects varies according to the weight of the object and the air resistance. A foam cooler and some ropes and torn balloon falling from altitude don't go very fast. Note that their descent took 40 minutes, and it was probably faster in thin air than thick.

      There was an interesting mythbusters on falling bullets. They couldn't get much force out of them.

    2. Re:Safety? by Oswald · · Score: 3, Insightful

      You can inform the FAA to issue a NOTAM (Notice to Airmen) and you can get your flight permitted, all of the ham groups know how to do this. You can get a fine for not informing the FAA if your payload is over a certain weight.

      You can, and you should, provide this information to the FAA. Rest assured, however, that no meaningful action will be taken in response. It's all based on the big sky theory (which, it should be noted, has a pretty good record in this matter).

  7. 20 miles up is NOT space by damburger · · Score: 2, Informative

    This is a fairly standard high-altitude photography method, that is just being hyped up. You attached a camera to a helium balloon. Whoop-de-fucking-doo. Doesn't have anything to do with space.

    --
    If we can put a man on the moon, why can't we shoot people for Apollo-related non-sequiturs?
  8. Re:99 Luftballoons by 32771 · · Score: 2, Informative

    Not anymore my friend, not anymore. Not since the nineties at least.

    Oh and by the way:

    "You and I in a little toy shop
    Buy a bag of balloons with the money we've got.
    Set them free at the break of dawn
    'Til one by one, they were gone.
    Back at base, bugs in the software
    Flash the message, Something's out there.
    Floating in the summer sky.
    99 red balloons go by."

    Bugs in the software, eh? Well, they may still have them. Maybe it is still a relevant song.

    I never knew there was an english version:

    http://www.eightyeightynine.com/music/nena-99luftballoons.html

    It has been toned down quite a bit.

    --
    Je me souviens.
  9. 62mi / 100km by imtheguru · · Score: 3, Informative

    According to the Federation Internationale D'espace, space begins at 62 miles, about 100 kilometers. Often referred to as the 62 mile club.

    Cheers.

    --
    Yet Socrates himself is particularly missed.
    A lovely little thinker but a bugger when he's pissed.
  10. Re:$50 GPS cell phone? by QuantumLeaper · · Score: 3, Informative

    No, I found the same cell phone for $40 at many online places, it took 30 seconds to do a search.

  11. Re:NOT from space by arth1 · · Score: 3, Informative

    Correct. A balloon can't be in space, simply because there must be atmosphere for the balloon to be lighter than, or it can't rise. Never mind that they tend to expand and explode before they reach that theoretical height...

    Normally, what we consider the start of space is around 10 times as far out as the record for helium balloons. Even hydrogen balloons can get nowhere near space. If you could make a balloon filled with hard vacuum, you would be able to almost, but not quite, reach space.

    So the correct tag for this article is !space

  12. Re:Great Idea by schon · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Now I'm thinking about more balloons and a DSLR with a circular polarizing filter...

    Already been done.

    Twice. :)

  13. High School Students got better photos for $100 by nunoloureiro · · Score: 4, Informative

    Some High School Students from Bilbao, Spain, did the same thing earlier this year for less than $100. Looking at the photos, it seems they got better shots.

    Story here:
    http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/howaboutthat/5005022/Teens-capture-images-of-space-with-56-camera-and-balloon.html

    Photos here:
    http://www.flickr.com/photos/meteotek08/sets/

    1. Re:High School Students got better photos for $100 by chocobanana · · Score: 2, Informative

      Yep, here's more coverage from Wired: http://www.wired.com/geekdad/2009/03/kids-send-a-cam/ You may need to dig a bit in the Flickr slideshow but the amazing photos are sure there.

  14. Re:Yawn by ivan_w · · Score: 2, Informative

    Well, somehow, it is already being exploited..

    It is used to *reduce* the overall kinetic energy of a re-entering bolide so that the acceleration (and hereby force) to which the payload is submitted at impact doesn't damage said payload.

    And also.. the overall energy dissipated during atmospheric re-entry cannot exceed the amount of energy used to put the object wherever - and at whatever velocity - it was before re-entry. So if you are worried about energy expenditure.. just don't launch !

    --Ivan

  15. Re:Obligatory by russotto · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Having FAA and FCC investigators show up at your dormroom? Priceless
    Really, one would think MIT students would know better.

    If everyone actually followed all the regulations we have nowadays, no one smaller than Boeing would ever get anything done.

  16. Re:NOT from space by icebike · · Score: 3, Insightful

    The boundary of space was 65 miles (100km) but NASA pushed it higher after 150 miles, mostly out of a fit of pique following SpaceShipOne's successful claim on the X-Prize.

    In any event, 20 miles is pretty impressive, but its still not Space, although, as Sarah would say, you can see it from there...

    --
    Sig Battery depleted. Reverting to safe mode.
  17. Old News by ianturton · · Score: 2, Informative

    Cambridge University and some UK high school (US Middle school) kids did this in 2008 - http://www.admin.cam.ac.uk/news/dp/2008120401

  18. Re:NOT from space by Eric52902 · · Score: 3, Informative

    You either need to divide by zero or dereference a null pointer inside it.

  19. Re:Yawn by Megane · · Score: 3, Informative

    Atmospheric burn-up is caused as you lose orbital velocity when you contact the atmosphere. As balloons and their payloads were never in orbit in the first place, there is no worry about anything burning up.

    --
    #naabhaprzrag, #sverubfr-000, #agi-fcbafberq, negvpyr[pynff*=' negvpyr-ary-'] { qvfcynl: abar !vzcbegnag; }
  20. Re:Pissed Off by TheUnknownOne · · Score: 2, Interesting

    The first time we launched our radios failed. It landed about 17 miles from where we predicted (We use software whose name escapes me at the moment which can predict the location based on current wind patterns) and someone else found it and called us. The second time, our radios gave us its coordinates to within a couple of meters. We had been following it for its entire flight (unfortunately, the balloon had been under-filled, so it landed a few hundred miles south of where we planned... We followed it for 13 hours). As far as landing in places where you won't be able to get it... you don't launch anywhere near any? You should plan your launch such that you are nowhere near any large bodies of water, as they are the primary thing that makes it unreachable. You can climb tress and etc. Desolate areas are better, because landing on the highway will cause issues. (We chose to launch in New Hampshire, with our ballon intended to land in Central MA. The first shot was pretty close, the second shot landed in southern CT, hopefully our third shot will land in Central MA, but we haven't gotten that far yet)

  21. Re:NOT from space by Chyeld · · Score: 2, Funny

    I don't know, I'm still trying to figure out how boats float....

  22. Re:Yeah, no smart kids outside MIT. by moosesocks · · Score: 2, Insightful

    It's not as sexy to report "University of Kentucky students take pictures from space on $150 budget".

    Actually, I'd expect MIT students to do stuff like this. Podunk U students doing it would be more newsworthy.

    Yeah, no smart kids outside MIT.

    You're a fucking asshole, you know that? Total fucking gaping asshole.

    Hm. Can't tell which one is the actual troll.

    MIT's a good school, no doubt -- easily one of the best. However, I will agree that the amount of praise it receives in the press (and by the general public) is hyperbolic and tremendously overstated.

    The one thing I'll concede is that MIT's marketing department must be excellent.

    (Full disclaimer: I graduated from a public university, and have a great deal of respect for MIT. However, I'm %*#ing sick of reading job postings that contain the phrase "We are only recruiting Ivy League (or equivalent) graduates for this position.")

    --
    -- If you try to fail and succeed, which have you done? - Uli's moose