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4-Winged Proto-Bird Unearthed In China; Predates Archaeopteryx

Wired reports on a find described September 24 in a note at Nature and the day after at the annual meeting of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology: a dinosaur fossil bearing true feathers on four limbs. The fossil was discovered in northeastern China, in strata believed to have been deposited between 151 million and 161 million years ago. If that estimate is correct, the newly discovered Anchiornis huxleyi is at least one million years older than the believed age of the more famous winged dinosaur Archaeopteryx.

140 comments

  1. What's next? by flubba · · Score: 5, Funny

    8-Winged Meta-Bird?

    --
    riverrun, past Eve and Adamâ(TM)s, from swerve of shore to bend of bay, brings us by a commodius vicus of recircul
    1. Re:What's next? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Funny

      Followed by an N-Winged pseudo-bird

    2. Re:What's next? by ObsessiveMathsFreak · · Score: 3, Funny

      I summon; Mega-Ultra-Chicken.

      --
      May the Maths Be with you!
    3. Re:What's next? by plover · · Score: 1

      No, it's a flightless bird with hairy feathers.

      B.C. reference, anyone?

      --
      John
    4. Re:What's next? by stuntpope · · Score: 1

      Yeah, I Grog it.

    5. Re:What's next? by clone53421 · · Score: 4, Funny

      I won't be happy until I get my p-winged quantum bird.

      --
      Alexander Peter Kristopeit bought his basement from his mommy for one dollar.
    6. Re:What's next? by s2theg · · Score: 1

      Maybe it's really a compressed set of love birds.

    7. Re:What's next? by Loko+Draucarn · · Score: 1

      You'd think that would work, but after every migration, the bird's got to run around and hunt for another p-wing before it can do another long distance flight.

    8. Re:What's next? by herks · · Score: 1

      Is a p-winged bird the same as an np-winged bird?

    9. Re:What's next? by The+Archon+V2.0 · · Score: 1

      Maybe it's really a compressed set of love birds.

      Considering that would mean one's 'arms' are where the other's 'legs' are, and the second head is completely invisible.... Them's some kinky love birds.

    10. Re:What's next? by mhajicek · · Score: 1

      I'll stick with my A-Wing fighter, thanks.

    11. Re:What's next? by Randle_Revar · · Score: 1

      Didn't they try that with The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy? It destroyed the universe if I remember correctly.

    12. Re:What's next? by Whiteox · · Score: 1

      You've confused yourself with the mutant star-goat.

      --
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    13. Re:What's next? by Jason+Levine · · Score: 1

      Meh. I still prefer Summon Bigger Fish.

      --
      My sci-fi novel, Ghost Thief, is now available from Amazon.com.
    14. Re:What's next? by Progman3K · · Score: 1

      ... it was because the vogons just couldn't leave a job half done...

      --
      I don't know the meaning of the word 'don't' - J
  2. X-Wings Rule! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    See, God does exist and He hates episodes 1->3.

  3. Well then by Capsy · · Score: 1, Funny

    We're all doomed if they manage to bring these birds back to life in the future. This is almost as bad as flying mantas.

    --
    "Chance favors only the prepared mind." -Archimedes
    1. Re:Well then by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Except these will taste like chicken.

    2. Re:Well then by AndGodSed · · Score: 4, Insightful

      You know the rule; if it tastes like chicken it probably isn't.

    3. Re:Well then by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      how long till buffalo wings come down in price?

  4. PBS covered this... by cptdondo · · Score: 5, Informative

    like a year ago on Nova.

    http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/microraptor/program.html

    And from the documentary, it was obvious that the discovery had been made some time prior to the making of the show.

    So this is old news. I guess dinosaur news travels slowly.

    1. Re:PBS covered this... by Lord+Lode · · Score: 3, Interesting

      A week ago this news was on Belgian news channels, so there must be something this week that makes it news now.

    2. Re:PBS covered this... by AndersOSU · · Score: 4, Funny

      hey back off, on an evolutionary time scale, that's lightning fast.

    3. Re:PBS covered this... by Jurily · · Score: 1

      Yes, timothy.

    4. Re:PBS covered this... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Considering the number of faked fossils that come out of China, I'm pretty skeptical.

    5. Re:PBS covered this... by oGMo · · Score: 4, Funny

      So this is old news. I guess dinosaur news travels slowly.

      Are you kidding? The story comes 151 million years after the fact! And that wasn't even the release date!

      --

      Don't think of it as a flame---it's more like an argument that does 3d6 fire damage

    6. Re:PBS covered this... by matthew.s.ackerman · · Score: 1

      Sorry, microraptor (covered in the nova story) dates from the early Cretaceous, well after Archaeopteryx. This new find dates from the late Jurassic but pre-dates Archaeopteryx finds. This fossil was just found this year. Not every four winged dinosaur with feathers is the same. Jeeze.

    7. Re:PBS covered this... by Conanymous+Award · · Score: 2, Informative

      Just one problem: we're talking about two different animals here. The PBS critter is Microraptor, found in at least 2003, while the new four-wing in TFA is Anchiornis (and it's older than Microraptor, which is an important part of the story).

      It's not the news that's slow here.

    8. Re:PBS covered this... by Rogerborg · · Score: 0, Offtopic

      Now, now, not so hasty. It's not really noteworthy until kdawson dupes it.

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      If you were blocking sigs, you wouldn't have to read this.
    9. Re:PBS covered this... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It is and it isn't old news.

      OLD NEWS:
      A) Microraptor, a similar 4-winged, flight-feather-bearing dinosaur has been known for a few years now, and, yes, NOVA did a great show on it that I highly recommend
      B) This isn't Microraptor, it is a different species (Anchiornis huxleyi) with a similar 4-winged anatomy
      C) Anchiornis huxleyi isn't a new species. It was described a few years ago.

      NEW NEWS:
      A) Anchiornis huxleyi is apparently significantly geologically older (Jurassic Period) than Microraptor (which is from the Cretaceous Period)
      B) This specimen of Anchiornis huxleyi is much nicer than the previously-known specimens (see OLD NEWS), and it makes the 4-winged, Microraptor-like anatomy clear.

      So, it's a simplification to call this old or new news -- 4-winged dinosaurs? Old news. This specimen and this old? Quite exciting news.

    10. Re:PBS covered this... by Provocateur · · Score: 1

      Can you even imagine *when* the Slashdot dupe appears?

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      WARNING: Smartphones have side effects--most of them undocumented.
    11. Re:PBS covered this... by versimilidude · · Score: 1

      This was a different winged dinosaur than the one on the PBS Show.

    12. Re:PBS covered this... by cthulhu11 · · Score: 1

      Given the number of faked fossils that come out of China, I tend to be skeptical of these stories.

    13. Re:PBS covered this... by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1

      it was obvious that the discovery had been made some time prior to the making of the show.

      Time kinda works that way, ya know.

      -

      Warning: I brake for chachalacas!

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      Why is this even on SlashDot?... Why is this even on Slashdot?...Why is this even on Slashdot?
    14. Re:PBS covered this... by Jason+Levine · · Score: 1

      They should get a time lens to make the news travel faster.

      --
      My sci-fi novel, Ghost Thief, is now available from Amazon.com.
  5. Fake by Haxzaw · · Score: 1, Funny

    My sister's husband's brother's cousin knew a kid who met a Chinese kid on the internet who said he was part of the team that made this thing. Those Chinese can make anything.

    1. Re:Fake by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Well, my friend's, auntie's, mother's, father's brother knows a guy whose sister's child's dog INVENTED dinosaurs. So there.

    2. Re:Fake by TapeCutter · · Score: 1

      I am a dinosouar, now get of my lawn.

      --
      And did you exchange a walk on part in the war for a lead role in a cage? - Pink Floyd.
    3. Re:Fake by TapeCutter · · Score: 3, Funny

      "I am a dinosouar"

      And I've got the primative writing skills to prove it!

      --
      And did you exchange a walk on part in the war for a lead role in a cage? - Pink Floyd.
    4. Re:Fake by MadKeithV · · Score: 2, Funny

      Grandparent was correct. That's the ancient spelling.

      Kind Regards,
      Cthulhu.

    5. Re:Fake by laejoh · · Score: 1

      I'd have expected all caps :)

    6. Re:Fake by TeXMaster · · Score: 1

      "I am a dinosouar" And I've got the primative writing skills to prove it!

      You mean primative as in misspelt primitive or primative as 'pertaining to primates'?

      --
      "I'm never quite so stupid as when I'm being smart" (Linus van Pelt)
    7. Re:Fake by AdmiralWeirdbeard · · Score: 1

      i was in beijing 10 years ago, and we visited an archaeological site, conveniently located just over an hour outside town, that claimed to house fossilized remains proving that China was actually the birthplace of the human race. it was pretty awesome.

      --
      Come read my stupid blagablog. Rants and Giggles
    8. Re:Fake by jc42 · · Score: 2, Interesting

      ... in beijing 10 ... archaeological site... fossilized remains proving that China was actually the birthplace of the human race.

      Actually, with only a small amount of rephrasing, that's not much in conflict with one of the two competing theories of human development. One is the "Out of Africa" theory, that Africa has always been the center of human development, with people and their genes moving out of Africa, but rarely the other direction. The other is the "multi-center" theory, that people spread from Africa originally, but the slow flow of people and genes was essentially random, with a low level mixing in all directions.

      There isn't any conclusive evidence. But everything that's known about humans at any stage is that most groups have always produced travellers, and travel along the coasts of the Atlantic, Mediterranean and Indian Ocean goes back as far as we can collect evidence of humans. Sailors have always been pretty good at gene mixing.

      So most of the votes are with the "multi-center" theory. This would mean that there hasn't been a true center of humanity for at least tens of thousands of years, and maybe hundreds of thousands. Under this theory, each human gene variant has an origin, and our species is the sum of all these variants, each of which spread from wherever it first appeared. The oldest human settlements in the plains of eastern China would easily qualify as one "birthplace" of our species, along with the other centers in Africa and Europe.

      The evidence about the Americas is much weaker. There seem to have been several major influxes of people through Alaska some 11,000 to 13,000 years ago. Knowing how humans build and use boats, it's unlikely that that was all the migration, and there were probably occasional travellers going both directions all the time, but we essentially have no specific evidence of it, only a few interesting "funny" remains. So the Americas may have been an outlier that provided little or no gene input to the rest of humanity before 500 years ago; we don't know.

      But it is fairly well accepted that humans evolved first in Africa, spread out, formed a number of population centers, and have been mixing and exchanging genetic material ever since. So every major population center that existed, say, 50,000 years ago should be considered a "birthplace" of our species, in the sense that some useful genetic variation developed there and spread in the usual ways.

      The only problem with the Chinese claim is that the word "the" in "the birthplace of the human race" implies uniqueness. China can't have been the only origin of humanity, though they are almost certainly an important "one of many" origins.

      To get back on topic, China (especially Liáoníng) is also the origin of most of the avian fossils that we now have. There have been other important avian fossils in South America, and a few elsewhere.

      --
      Those who do study history are doomed to stand helplessly by while everyone else repeats it.
    9. Re:Fake by AdmiralWeirdbeard · · Score: 1

      ...yeah, there's a huge difference between 'some homo sapiens evolved here' and 'upright-walking hominids originated here.' guess which of these i was talking about?

      --
      Come read my stupid blagablog. Rants and Giggles
    10. Re:Fake by grouchomarxist · · Score: 1

      Most of the research I've seen, in particular the genetic research, points to a single origin hypothesis. That is, the theory that there was a population center in Africa that emerged about 50,000-60,000 years ago.

      See: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recent_African_origin_of_modern_humans vs. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiregional_origin_of_modern_humans

      A competing theory, the recent African origin of modern humans (also known as "Out of Africa"), has emerged as the near consensus view since the 1990s

    11. Re:Fake by jc42 · · Score: 1

      I noticed quickly that those wikipedia articles talk a lot about mtDNA and Y-DNA evidence. It's true that a lot has beet written on that topic. But I've gotten a distinct impression that people who understand DNA tend to just grin when they hear that, and change the topic to something less silly. Yes, it's likely that our mtDNA and Y-DNA had their origins in a couple of small places, almost certainly in Africa. But that's less than 1% of our DNA, and it doesn't take part in genetic recombination. While it's interesting for several reasons, using it to reason about the origins of the thousands of other genes that distinguish us from chimps is, well, silly, and hard to take seriously as a scientific discussion.

      A better characterization of the general scientific attitude toward the debate is "further research is needed". Not that that ever stops people from debating, of course.

      It's sorta like the (back on-topic ;-) debate back in Charles Darwin's day about the remarkable similarities between those new "dinosaur" fossils and bird skeletons. A small population of scientists argued the question of bird-dinosaur relatedness. The rest of the scientific community said, in effect, "Well, that's very interesting, but we need more evidence." The debate died down because no further evidence was forthcoming. In 1970, all we had was a small number of Archaeopterix fossils, i.e., no progress at all had been made. Then, a couple of decades ago, a few other deposits were found, mostly in China, that had other bird fossils. This quickly revived the question, but it also died quickly as it became obvious to nearly everyone (except the media;-) that birds were indeed a branch of the dinosauria. Everything new was consistent with that hypothesis. Now a major remaining question is "Just when did the avian branch split off?" You'll read a lot of numbers, but there's still a "further research is needed" attitude on that detail, and this new fossil has just added a bit of confusion rather than deciding anything.

      Anyway, sometimes it's best to just sit back, listen and chuckle as others debate something for which they don't really have enough good evidence. And if the debate inspires someone to fund further research, well, so much the better.

      --
      Those who do study history are doomed to stand helplessly by while everyone else repeats it.
    12. Re:Fake by badkarmadayaccount · · Score: 1

      YOU ARE MIXING TRADEMARKS.
      SIGNED,
      DEATH.














      notcaps1 notcaps2 3notcaps 4notcaps 5notcaps 6notcaps 7notcaps 8notcaps 9notcaps 10notcaps 11notcaps 12notcaps 13notcaps 14notcaps 15notcaps 16notcaps 17notcaps

      --
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    13. Re:Fake by TapeCutter · · Score: 1

      Yes.

      --
      And did you exchange a walk on part in the war for a lead role in a cage? - Pink Floyd.
    14. Re:Fake by grouchomarxist · · Score: 1

      Do you have any examples of people who "understand DNA" who don't take this research seriously? It is because this DNA doesn't recombine that it is used for this research. Other parts of our DNA can't be used this way.

  6. Hoo Hum... by Bentov · · Score: 2, Funny

    *Yawn* wake me when they find a Yeti....

    1. Re:Hoo Hum... by dunkelfalke · · Score: 2, Funny
      --
      "It's such a fine line between stupid and clever" -- David St. Hubbins, Spinal Tap
  7. One massive problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Interesting

    Where are all the transitional species? Everyone actually agrees that Archaeopteryx is a dead end so where are the primitive birds? The problem is the date for feathers keeps getting pushed back and there have even been early lizards found with what appear to be feathers. One massive gap is if birds evolved from dinosaurs where are all the tree dwelling dinos? The only ones seem to be Archaeopteryx and related protobirds. Odds are birds branched off very early on and were a separate line of evolution so saying birds evolved from dinosaurs is kind of like saying we evolved from chimpanzees. Closely related but separate lines. It's comforting to think dinosaurs survived by adapting but that's false since birds evolved long before the extinction and seem to go back to the early days of dinosaurs not the end of their reign. There's no question they were closely related it's just all the new evidence keeps pointing to an earlier and earlier separation and probably goes back to the time we were all essentially lizards.

    1. Re:One massive problem by Pikoro · · Score: 2, Funny

      who are you? that kid from Jurassic Park who keeps asking about "that other guy's" book?

      --
      "Freedom in the USA is not the ability to do what you want. It is the ability to stop others from doing what THEY want"
    2. Re:One massive problem by gyrogeerloose · · Score: 1

      probably goes back to the time we were all essentially lizards.

      Were lizards? You obviously don't know the people I work with...

      --
      This ain't rocket surgery.
    3. Re:One massive problem by gzipped_tar · · Score: 1

      You mean, you're working with werelizards? Do they go hhissssshsshhissssing at the moon?

      --
      Colorless green Cthulhu waits dreaming furiously.
    4. Re:One massive problem by egomaniac · · Score: 4, Informative

      Where are all the transitional species?

      This is an old, tired anti-evolutionary argument. The answer is that every single fossil we find is a transitional species. Unfortunately fossilization is an incredibly unlikely event, and a fossil surviving for tens of millions of years and then happening to be uncovered even more incredibly unlikely, so the fossil record simply doesn't contain every species that ever existed. We may never find the real ancestor of all modern birds, just cousins of it like Archaeopteryx. So what? The fact that birds evolved from dinosaurs is irrefutable.

      The problem is the date for feathers keeps getting pushed back and there have even been early lizards found with what appear to be feathers.

      I assume you're referring to Longisquama. There is good reason to doubt that those structures were even real, let alone feathers.

      One massive gap is if birds evolved from dinosaurs where are all the tree dwelling dinos?

      What are you talking about? First, the division between "bird" and "dinosaur" is entirely arbitrary. Birds, in a very real sense, ARE dinosaurs. We just draw an arbitrary line in the sand and say the things on one side are dinosaurs and the things on the other side are birds, but there's no hard and fast reason to draw the line at any particular spot. Archaeopteryx really doesn't look all that different from the raptors that came before it, and still has a very dinosaur-like head and no beak. Is it a bird?

      Early birds were likely ground dwellers, just like the raptors they evolved from. We don't know precisely when tree-dwelling evolved, because we don't have enough fossils to be able to tell. I fail to see how this is a "massive gap"; it's a minor question at best.

      Odds are birds branched off very early on and were a separate line of evolution so saying birds evolved from dinosaurs is kind of like saying we evolved from chimpanzee.s

      Nonsense. Saying birds evolved from Archaeopteryx would be like saying we evolved from chimps -- not all that far wrong, but wrong. Saying birds evolved from dinosaurs is like saying we evolved from primates. Dinosaurs are a very, very big group, and there is absolutely no doubt that birds evolved from them.

      --
      ZFS: because love is never having to say fsck
    5. Re:One massive problem by Belial6 · · Score: 3, Insightful

      You miss the poster's point. He isn't saying that evolution didn't happen. He is positing that he believes the divergence happened WAY sooner than what the 'consensus' claims. He believes that having feathers and not having feathers is a large enough evolutionary gap, and we have enough fossils from the currently believed deliverance period, that if the time line were correct, we would see a lot of intermediary fossils.

      To poster isn't saying that birds didn't evolve from dinosaurs. He is saying that he believes that by just saying 'evolved from dinosaurs' implies that it happened towards the middle or end of their existence as opposed to the beginning. This leads to many people making a perfectly reasonable but incorrect conclusion as to when it happened, while adding nothing to those that correctly understand the statement. Since, if the divergence happened as early as the poster believes, basically all complex animals evolved from 'dinosours'. Since the statement adds nothing for those who are not confused by it, but gives the wrong conclusion to people who are confused by it, from a pragmatic standpoint, it is wrong.

      Of course, it being right or wrong depends on when birds actually first appeared. I'm not arguing that. I'm just pointing out that you are misunderstanding the parent poster.

    6. Re:One massive problem by BitZtream · · Score: 1

      The fact that birds evolved from dinosaurs is irrefutable.

      And the Earth is irrefutably flat.

      Science doesn't make retarded assumptions like that, we keep looking until we CAN prove it. If we just made assumptions based on what we know currently, we'd not only get a lot of stuff wrong, we'd get many many more things wrong in the future and get more confused as things got more and more out of touch with reality based on using old, incorrect assumptions as if they were fact.

      We discovered new evidence that the Earth wasn't flat, and that changed the way we approached MANY different things. Next thing you know, the Earth isn't the center of the universe. Imagine just what the world would be like if we just continued to assume the world was flat and didn't bother to keep looking for a way to prove or disprove it ...

      You can't imagine it, it would be so far different from what we have now that it is beyond the comprehension of the mind.

      --
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    7. Re:One massive problem by jc42 · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Archaeopteryx really doesn't look all that different from the raptors that came before it, and still has a very dinosaur-like head and no beak. Is it a bird?

      Back in the 1970s, when (Yale professor) John Ostrom was reviving the old debate over the relationship between birds and dinosaurs, he brought up a funny and informative piece of evidence: He pointed out that we actually had more Archaeopterix fossils than we thought. There were found in museums in Europe, classified as small dinosaurs.

      He suggested that we not treat this as a misclassification at all, but rather as a tacit acknowledgement that those fossils were primitive birds and dinosaurs.

      He also said that we need more such fossils, but I suppose everyone agreed with that. The basic problem here is that birds just don't fossilize very well.

      I saw an example of this a few years ago. Due to my wife's allergies to furry critters, we have long had pet birds, mostly small parrots. Several of our cockatiels (and one friends') have been buried in a small raised strawberry/flower bed in the backyard. One spring, I decided to dig it up and sift out the rocks and roots of some large weeds (e.g., creeping bellflowers). I used a screen that was easily capable of separating out objects the size of their largest bones (skull, breastbone, etc). I found lots of small pebbles and roots, but no bones at all. In only a few years, their bones and beaks had been completely reduced to topsoil.

      We lost two more of our small feathered friends last winter, both older than the 15 years they are expected to live, and they're buried in the center of the same bed. In a year or two, they'll be part of the soil, leaving behind no fossil evidence that they ever existed.

      It takes some special, rare conditions for a bird to be turned into a fossil. Their adaptations for flight include very light, hollow bones. It's no mystery at all why the fossil record is so sparse.

      --
      Those who do study history are doomed to stand helplessly by while everyone else repeats it.
    8. Re:One massive problem by uvajed_ekil · · Score: 1

      Early birds were likely ground dwellers, just like the raptors they evolved from. We don't know precisely when tree-dwelling evolved, because we don't have enough fossils to be able to tell. I fail to see how this is a "massive gap"; it's a minor question at best.

      Your arguments are well-reasoned, and backed by good science, but this is where you and evolution FAIL. Birds living on the ground? HAH! Everyone knows birds live in TREES, even now! Next you'll be saying that there are birds that do not fly. Birds fly, so evolution is dead, and ancient fossils are nothing more than coincidental rock formtions, likely put there by God to test our faith. Nice try, almost had me with all your "facts."

      --
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    9. Re:One massive problem by NeutronCowboy · · Score: 1

      Wait, is this one of those apologetics posts where someone needs to "discuss" creationism for a class? Can you at least make a handle? You're giving ACs a bad name.

      --
      Those who can, do. Those who can't, sue.
    10. Re:One massive problem by gyrogeerloose · · Score: 1

      You know, even as I was writing that comment, I figured someone would say something about werelizards. I mean, I would have.

      --
      This ain't rocket surgery.
    11. Re:One massive problem by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1
      Birds did not evolve from dinosaurs. Birds *are* dinosaurs.

      -

      Warning: I brake for chachalacas! (my own favorite dinosaur)

      --
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    12. Re:One massive problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "...Where are all the transitional species?

      ...The answer is that every single fossil we find is a transitional species..."

      Well put Sir!

      Or as Richard Dawkins likes to point out of the creationist argument; they will claim an evolutionary 'gap' between two fossils.

      When a fossil is found that fits chronologically between the two, they claim, "...now there are TWO gaps!"

  8. four wings? by lamehero · · Score: 2, Funny

    so i guess two wings didn't do the job of flight for this proto birds

    1. Re:four wings? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      A fat lot of good four wings did to them. What with being extinct and all.

    2. Re:four wings? by dwye · · Score: 1

      > so i guess two wings didn't do the job of flight for this proto birds

      It had no wings, just arms, and the feathers were there for insulation, not flying.

    3. Re:four wings? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Not any more than it does for flying frogs, flying squirrels or sugar gliders, no.

  9. Possible Dead end. by jellomizer · · Score: 4, Insightful

    It could also be a dead end in development.

    Sometimes evolutionary traits come up early then the creature dies out only to be "re-evolved" later.

    There sometimes seems to be a misunderstanding in evolution. Concepts the strongest survives, or evolution will only get better and better. Doesn't always fall true. One minor disadvantage could kill you out, allowing the weak creature to exist and thrive without your presence. Or even good traits that get killed off only to come back again.

    --
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    1. Re:Possible Dead end. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I seem to see a lot of misunderstanding of evolution ... such as a trait leading a species to extinction being called a "minor disadvantage" ... or a species that carries the traits allowing it to survive is somehow evolutionarily "weak" while the extinct is somehow "strong."

      Simply by definition, those surviving are fittest for the environment.

    2. Re:Possible Dead end. by maxume · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Throwing out terms like strong and weak and simply talking about fitness for a given environment makes it easier.

      --
      Nerd rage is the funniest rage.
    3. Re:Possible Dead end. by MickyTheIdiot · · Score: 1

      It could also be a dead end in development.

      You mean like Windows ME?

    4. Re:Possible Dead end. by sonnejw0 · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Well, "fittest" means a lot more than "best". Fittest is about efficiency as well as ability. A human with 8 foot long legs could run really fast and use little energy, but would be less coordinated, more likely to trip because the nerve impulses would take too long to travel down to the leg to correct posture in time to catch itself from a fall. That's why most long legged animals have four legs (i.e. giraffe, moose, etc., which are all comically uncoordinated).

      So a species that is "fittest" may not be the "best" species in an environment. It may simply be the most efficient design. Prevalence of resources is another important factor, an animal cannot be large and reproduce a lot of offspring, or it will destroy its own environment (humans?) and quickly go extinct. Long term success is about equilibrium with the environment, which is why small animals (drosophila, yeast, maybe even as big as cockroaches), are so successful. They exist sparsely and reproduce quickly with short generations, so that the species can easily maintain equilibrium with its environment.

      The longer the generational gap and the greater the population, the more easily a species falls out of equilibrium with its environment.

    5. Re:Possible Dead end. by Ansonmont · · Score: 1

      Moose are more coordinated than you are giving them credit for. I know this personally, having seen them scramble up hillsides and stomp through swamps. Not sure about giraffes personally, but I have seen some video shots where they were running quite well. Both fast and with agility.

      -A

    6. Re:Possible Dead end. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Also, it might be worthwhile to stress that evolutionary fitness is all about efficiency of reproducing successfully, in a given environment, at a given time. The time factor is important, because everything is interconnected - for the simple case (1 evolving species, mutable but not evolving environment) a short term gain might (or, actually almost certainly will) change the environment enough to render the said evolutionary gain less efficient. And we're not really dealing with the simple case, everything affects everything, the environment changes with the different evolving species, and the environment actually consists of other evolving species for a very large part. So if you're particularly fit at a particular time in a particular environment - don't expect that to last.

    7. Re:Possible Dead end. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Climate 1 yields trait 1 in species x, species x thrives as a result.
      Climate change occurs, trait 1 is no longer advantageous. Species x dies out.

    8. Re:Possible Dead end. by clone53421 · · Score: 1

      That's why most long legged animals have four legs (i.e. giraffe, moose, etc., which are all comically uncoordinated).

      Of the mammalian variety, yes, but did you forget birds?

      --
      Alexander Peter Kristopeit bought his basement from his mommy for one dollar.
    9. Re:Possible Dead end. by corbettw · · Score: 1

      Hey, no one ever said God was a very intelligent designer.

      --
      God invented whiskey so the Irish would not rule the world.
    10. Re:Possible Dead end. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Simply by definition, those surviving are fittest for the environment
       
      I think the best definition for the long term evolutionary process is that those surviving adapted best to changes in the environment. That's why humans do so well - we adapt to almost all environments.

    11. Re:Possible Dead end. by sonnejw0 · · Score: 1

      It was just an on-the-spot example. Don't read too much into it. My main point, which was unfortunately a one-liner, was: "The longer the generational gap and the greater the population, the more easily a species falls out of equilibrium with its environment." as a response to what fittest actually means.

    12. Re:Possible Dead end. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Moose are more coordinated than you are giving them credit for. I know this personally, having seen them scramble up hillsides and stomp through swamps. Not sure about giraffes personally, but I have seen some video shots where they were running quite well. Both fast and with agility.

      -A

      Yeah I've seen those video shots as well, they even show one at least moose was a college football quarterback!

    13. Re:Possible Dead end. by business_kid · · Score: 1

      There is a known and common enough mutation of fruit flies that gives them 4 wings. They then cannot fly, because muscles only go to 2 wings, and the movement of them is blocked by the other two. If evolutionists actually found in the wild what they told us there were billions of (= a Mutation), you would expect them to misunderstand it. Did they tell us how many flight muscles there were?

  10. That was my first thought too, but... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Informative

    I also remember watching that document and was fascinated. However, a few wordings from TFA are interesting.

    In fact it does refer to the microraptor (which parent's link is about). "A similar configuration has been seen in other feathered dinosaurs, including Microraptor* (SN: 1/27/07, p. 53) and Archaeopteryx (SN: 9/23/06, p. 197)." So they know it is similar to earlier findings.

    "...is the oldest known to have sported feathers and is estimated to be between 1 million and 11 million years older than Archaeopteryx, the first known bird..."

    So they have found yet another feathered, four winged dinosaur. All such findings help us understand more of them. In addition, this one appears to be older than the previous findings which again gives us a bit better image of what happened and when. I'm interested to see how this thing is different from microraptor. So they seem to have made findings that are nothing revolutionary but give us again a bit better image of what has happened, how and when. Probably some news sources misinterpreted that to mean much more than it does

    (*: Should not be confused with mircoraptor, which is a type of predator mostly residing in IRC chatrooms and preying on teenagers)

  11. Gilette Mach 5 Uber-Bird by gardyloo · · Score: 5, Funny

    "Fuck it, we're going to five wings."

    1. Re:Gilette Mach 5 Uber-Bird by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It's also got a lubricating pad under its beak. The closest peck you've ever had, guaranteed!

      (BTW, who else got a free razor from Gilette in the mail on their 18th birthday? How the hell did they know when my birthday was?)

    2. Re:Gilette Mach 5 Uber-Bird by h4rr4r · · Score: 1

      Every male in the USA does, this is based on you registering for the draft, AKA "selective service".

    3. Re:Gilette Mach 5 Uber-Bird by lysergic.acid · · Score: 1

      Really? How does a private company like Gillette have access to draft registration info, though? I don't even remember ever registering for selective service. I guess I must have done that when I was applying for student loans.

      I wonder when we'll see Marlboro mailing out packs of smokes on each male's 18th birthday, or Budweiser their "first" beer on their 21st birthday.

    4. Re:Gilette Mach 5 Uber-Bird by YourExperiment · · Score: 1

      It's simple enough - there are so many Anonymous Cowards out there, they just send out a razor every day and it's bound to be one of your birthdays.

  12. Ha by elrous0 · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Anyone find it a little amusing that a species found in a totalitarian country is given the specific name huxleyi?

    --
    SJW: Someone who has run out of real oppression, and has to fake it.
    1. Re:Ha by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Different Huxley -- Thomas Henry, "Darwin's Bulldog", not Aldous.

  13. all you smarty pants scientists by circletimessquare · · Score: 3, Funny

    did you ever think why these so-called missing links are dead and buried in the ground? god killed them, that's why. doesn't that teach you anything? THEY AREN'T HERE ANYMORE. don't you wonder why that is and why you shouldn't dig this stuff up? god killed them fair and square. who gives you the right to mess around with god's intention?

    --
    intellectual property law is philosophically incoherent. it is your moral duty to ignore it or sabotage it
    1. Re:all you smarty pants scientists by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What gives you the right to misinterpret a fiction about God's intentions and push your interpretation on the rest of us?

    2. Re:all you smarty pants scientists by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Or maybe he put them there for us to find. ;)

    3. Re:all you smarty pants scientists by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      -1 Whoosh.

    4. Re:all you smarty pants scientists by palegray.net · · Score: 0, Offtopic

      Good trolls incorporate an element of subtlety; this isn't anywhere near your best work, man :).

    5. Re:all you smarty pants scientists by oldhack · · Score: 1

      If the God didn't intend us to dig these shit up, he wouldn't have given us shovels.

      --
      Fuck systemd. Fuck Redhat. Fuck Soylent, too. Wait, scratch the last one.
  14. Possums, Strong and Fit? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Interesting

    Possums are a good example of the less 'fit' surviving. They are not terribly strong, fit or intelligent. They are however survivors that can reproduce when other animals are struggling.

    1. Re:Possums, Strong and Fit? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Informative

      Possums, or at least the species we have in the US, are tough, nasty, and vicious. They're more than a match for the toughest alley cat and can take mess up dogs twice their size; it's only against larger predators that they feign death. They're pretty stupid, but strong for their size and despite being marsupials quite fit. Their population range in the US is spreading, not shrinking, and they adapt well to urban areas.

  15. Margin of Error by immakiku · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Not that this is really relevant, but if the margin of error was about 5 million years, how are they confident to say that it was 1 million year older?

    1. Re:Margin of Error by clone53421 · · Score: 1

      is estimated to be between 1 million and 11 million years older than Archaeopteryx, the first known bird.

      --
      Alexander Peter Kristopeit bought his basement from his mommy for one dollar.
    2. Re:Margin of Error by matthew.s.ackerman · · Score: 1

      Well, not that I have checked, but perhaps they can tell that specimen A is older than specimen B by a significant amount due to the stratigraphy of the specimens, even though they can't say how old specimen A or specimen B is with any great precision.

    3. Re:Margin of Error by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Wikipedia gives the age of Archaeopteryx to be 145-150 million years - source "The Ultimate Dinosaur Book"(!). So we have:

      Archaeopteryx: 147.5 +/- 2.5 Myr
      Anchiornis: 156 +/- 5 Myr

      p(age of Anchiornis - age of Archaeopteryx >= 1 Myr) = ... and I leave that as a problem for the reader ;)

  16. No suprises there by Dunbal · · Score: 1

    The defective 4 winged bird was... made in China.

    --
    Seven puppies were harmed during the making of this post.
    1. Re:No suprises there by ColdWetDog · · Score: 1

      The defective 4 winged bird was... made in China.

      Poor critter. From the pics, it looked like the battery just, well, exploded. That ought to teach them not to use cheap Chinese knockoffs.

      --
      Faster! Faster! Faster would be better!
  17. Rush? by SteveFoerster · · Score: 1

    Frankly, I wish Geddy Lee, Alex Lifeson, and Neil Peart would just shut up about all that stuff.

    --
    Space game using normal deck of cards: http://BattleCards.org
  18. SATAN did. SATAN put those bones there you fool!

    --
    intellectual property law is philosophically incoherent. it is your moral duty to ignore it or sabotage it
    1. Re:no! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "Don't you know there ain't no Devil? There's just God when he's drunk." -Tom Waits

  19. Siamese by AniVisual · · Score: 1, Insightful

    If humans can have conjoined twins and occurrences where one developing foetus is absorbed into another resulting in additional limbs and anatomy, why can't prehistoric animals have them too? This may no more be a defect in the phenotype than true genetic drift

  20. Nutjobs out in force by T.E.D. · · Score: 5, Funny

    The really depressing thing is the article comments. It seems the Creationists found out about the article, and are pinging the bejeezus out of it in the comments.

    My personal favorite bit of ignorance starts like this:

    am nor a scientist or even an academic of any kind but as I understand it and please tell me if I am wrong but for a Theory to become fact it has to ...

    *raaaaaaaaz*! Thanks for playing.

    1. Re:Nutjobs out in force by mayko · · Score: 1
      This person actually convinced me that evolution does not exist with their flawless idea for experiment.

      Heres why I do not beleive in evolution. If I had two, lets say Penguins for arguments sake. If I bread these two penguins in a big deep hole with a ledge with their food on say, two feet out of reach of the penguin then how many generations would it take for the Penguins to Evolve into a creature that is capable of getting the food off the ledge? Also wouldnt they just die out while they couldnt get the food?

      Isn't it obvious? God would grant them flight, and we would get a new species.

    2. Re:Nutjobs out in force by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

      ...If I bread these two penguins in a big deep hole...

      Isn't it obvious? God would grant them flight, and we would get a new species.

      But how would they fly with those seven herbs and spices all over them?

    3. Re:Nutjobs out in force by jc42 · · Score: 2, Funny

      Isn't it obvious? God would grant them flight, and we would get a new species.

      Too late; it's already happened.

      [Note the March 31, 2008 date on the video. ;-]

      --
      Those who do study history are doomed to stand helplessly by while everyone else repeats it.
  21. all those wings by fall2009epafv · · Score: 1

    According to the article it is the evolutionary stage before birds like today? What type of flight did they have with all these wings? Anyone pick this info up?

  22. its true by circletimessquare · · Score: 1

    i tried, i failed

    not many people understand how hard it is to fake real genuine stupidity

    its a kind of genius, the troll that can feign true and convincing retardedness

    --
    intellectual property law is philosophically incoherent. it is your moral duty to ignore it or sabotage it
  23. hook, line, and sinker by circletimessquare · · Score: 2, Funny

    Loving Troll Father, we thank you for this cornucopia of naivete,
    And for all your blessings of the easily duped to us.
    Lord Troll Jesus, come and be our guest,
    And take your place at this trollish table of bounty.
    Holy Troll Spirit, as the trolled fool feeds our trollish pride,
    So we pray you would nourish our trollish souls. Amen.

    so beeth the prayer of the troll upon a successful catch

    --
    intellectual property law is philosophically incoherent. it is your moral duty to ignore it or sabotage it
    1. Re:hook, line, and sinker by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Dragging religion in makes the accomplishment about as difficult as dynamiting fish in a rain barrel.

  24. Re:Devil's Advocate by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Since you can't prove your "theory" of bible-ution, you must accept that Saturday morning cartoons propose possible alternatives . . . that is, unless you're like most slashdotters - ignorant.

  25. reverse evolution: avatar mutation by peter303 · · Score: 1

    I've heard some modern birds will occassionally be born with feathers on its legs. This is thought due to a gene not yet completely removed from the genome, but deeply repressed. These kind of mutations are called avatar traits in the literature.

  26. Re:Devil's Advocate by egomaniac · · Score: 1

    1) theory
    2) You never heard of the bible, did you? Since you can't prove your "theory" of evolution, you must accept that the bible proposes a possible alternative . . . that is, unless you're like most slashdotters - ignorant.

    I freely accept that any and every fact I perceive may be wrong. I might actually be a mental patient locked in a padded room, imagining I'm typing a message on Slashdot. I might be a butterfly dreaming I'm a computer programmer. I might be a brain in a vat, being fed neural impulses from a simulation of an artificial reality. Or, even more unlikely, the Bible might actually be true.

    And....? Did you have some actual point to make? And for bonus points: are you a troll, or simply ignorant?

    --
    ZFS: because love is never having to say fsck
  27. Re:Devil's Advocate by SilverHatHacker · · Score: 1

    This is far from the last time I will say this, but no true scientist would believe the theory of evolution to be irrefutable. Darwin didn't, he says in his book that the human eye keeps him awake with its complexity, the fossil record is laughing in his face, and if any system could be found that could not have evolved his theory should be thrown out. Beyond that, it hinges on the belief that the world is millions of years old, which (bear with me here, please) is scientifically unlikely, given the vast amount of evidence suggesting the contrary (you've heard this before; salt in the ocean, rate of development of human culture, decay of magnetic field, and the dust on the moon, for openers).

    --
    Funny may not give karma, but +5 Informative never made anyone snort coffee out their nose.
  28. Atavism. by Hamster+Lover · · Score: 1

    You mean "atavism" not "avatar". An avatar is something you masturbate to in Second Life.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atavism

  29. Last Thursday by jc42 · · Score: 1

    Well, I for one believe in the Last Thursday Theory. This theory states that our world and the rest of the universe was created last Thursday (I forget the time). We were created with all our memories intact. The planet was created with all its fossil beds faking an old world in which geology and evolution had happened. The stars were created, along with the beams of light streaming toward our eyes showing us where they are. The bible was created with all its misleading story about a false (and none to bright) god.

    I challenge you to find any evidence that this isn't true.

    (Actually, there is also the other theory of why our universe was created: It's actually a simulation study. Each elementary particle in our universe is actually a data cell in the memory of a celestial computer that's running the simulation. Each unit of Planck time is one cycle in the simulation. Occasionally, the simulation is stopped, some editing is done, and the simulation is resumed; we call these events "miracles". We can't actually prove this theory, because if we ever do, the simulation is stopped, and some editing is done to invalidate our proof. This theory is not incompatible with the Last Thursday Theory, of course; last Thursday was when the simulation was started, with data initialized to include our memories, the fossil record, and the stars.)

    --
    Those who do study history are doomed to stand helplessly by while everyone else repeats it.
    1. Re:Last Thursday by SilverHatHacker · · Score: 1

      I can't prove beyond the shadow of a doubt that the universe wasn't created last Thursday, because neither I nor any other reliable source has memories of the event, given that the theory assumes false memories. Funny thing is, this is the same reason that evolution is not irrefutable, nor is Creation. Evolution assumes long periods of time before memory and written history, and Creation assumes an untouchable designer. There is no such thing as an irrefutable origins theory.

      --
      Funny may not give karma, but +5 Informative never made anyone snort coffee out their nose.
    2. Re:Last Thursday by SilverHatHacker · · Score: 1

      Oops, that should be "provable", not "irrefutable". My bad - trying to watch TV and type at the same time.

      --
      Funny may not give karma, but +5 Informative never made anyone snort coffee out their nose.
    3. Re:Last Thursday by jc42 · · Score: 1

      Oops, that should be "provable", not "irrefutable".

      And, of course, lots of "philosophy of science" type writers like to point out that scientists and their scientific methods never actually "prove" anything. That's what mathematicians do, not scientists. Rather, the conventional scientific approach is a double negative: An accepted theory is one that can't be disproved. The standards are high; you can't just make up a theory that can't be disproved because it can't be tested at all (e.g., the Last Thursday Theory or biblical creationism). To be in the running, a proposed theory ("hypothesis") must be "falsifiable", i.e., there must be a test that someone can actually do that could disprove the hypothesis if things turn out right. To be really accepted, there must be a series of such tests, actually carried out by different people who aren't cooperating with each other, and the proposed theory must pass all the tests. And even then, many scientists consider it good form to think up new ways to test an accepted theory. One thing about Einstein's Relativity Theory is how many people have thought up really crazy-sounding new tests, each of which could debunk General Relativity. But this hasn't happened yet. So it's generally accepted that the universe actually obeys General Relativity. But anyone who comes up with a good test that it flunks will have a guaranteed place in science-history texts for a long time, so people keep testing it in new ways.

      But this is far to complex for the minds of your typical religious and/or media folks, who usually can't handle a double negative (and often reduce it to a simple negative).

      Evolutionary Theory is an interesting case, because unlike Einstein's theory, evolution hasn't been reduced to a set of precise equations that can be easily tested. But it turns out that quite a lot of tests are possible, and have been done, with results that are well within the (admittedly large) error bounds of what the theory predicts. So it is generally accepted in a high-level fashion, with lots of details still to be worked out. Thus, Darwin et al didn't know about DNA, and its discovery led to lots of ways to test the evolutionary process, all of which supported Darwin's theory (if sometimes in a modified form). But it is materially harder to test well than most theories in physics. Everything in biology is like that.

      Now if the String Theory folks could just come up with a few tests that can actually be done in our universe, and which could debunk the theory. Well, maybe next year ...

      Anyway, one good way to test someone's credentials as a science writer is to see whether they accept the phrase "scientific proof". If they do, they're not actually scientists. And a good science writer should be able to explain (to reasonably intelligent people ;-) what's wrong with that phrase. Some writers do use the phrase while knowing what's wrong with it, but they can rephrase what they write so that it's correct (and less understandable by dummies). We can give them a little slack, though we should challenge anyone who talks about scientific proof in a serious manner. We should verify that they understand that there's no such thing; there are just theories that are accepted for now because they've passed all the tests that we've managed to perform that could have disproved them but didn't.

      --
      Those who do study history are doomed to stand helplessly by while everyone else repeats it.
    4. Re:Last Thursday by jc42 · · Score: 1

      There is no such thing as an irrefutable origins theory.

      Another suggestion I've read and sorta like is that if the biblical creation theory is correct, then God must have faked all the geology and fossil records. If they were put there by some Devil, God (being omniscient and omnipotent) must have permitted it. This means that God wants us to believe that the world is old and has gone through a long evolutionary process to produce His living creatures, and Darwin was just explaining to us what God wants us to believe. If God wants us to believe this, someone who doesn't believe in evolution is violating God's will.

      So far, I haven't heard any religious reply to this. They've gotta have heard it by now. So how do they reply to it? Anyone have a link?

      --
      Those who do study history are doomed to stand helplessly by while everyone else repeats it.
    5. Re:Last Thursday by SilverHatHacker · · Score: 1

      That's an interesting view. From a religious standpoint, just because God permitted this Devil to make old rocks doesn't mean he wants us to think that. Look at the book of Job, God permits the Devil to destroy Job's family and possessions, but not for the sake of hurting him - Job is essentially collateral damage in a power struggle. Even if God had allowed evolution to be scientifically viable, it would not be possible (for God as we understand him, anyhow) for him to intend for us to believe it, as it would make him a liar.

      --
      Funny may not give karma, but +5 Informative never made anyone snort coffee out their nose.
  30. Re:Devil's Advocate by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Yes, I agree, the bible is most likely a fictional account of the creation of the world/universe/whatever. I never actually read the fucking book, and don't plan on it. But I don't go around crowing that evolution is fact. So who's the ignorant one here?

    BTW, that was my fucking point. I mistook you for someone smart enough to figure that out.

    As for the bonus points, no, I am not trolling. I get modded as such because your fellow mod-point-having-slashdotters are just as fucking ignorant as you are, and can't comprehend the simple point I made - that evolution is not a fact. THAT, my friend, is what's irrefutable.

  31. Re:Devil's Advocate by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1
    Depends on what you mean by irrefutable.

    That creatures evolve is a fact. The process of how this happens is the theory, and since we were not there when most of it happened, we have to be satisfied with having a very good idea how it happened, hence a theory.

    Darwin might well have been worried about the eye and it's place in biological history, but do you think that references that are heading toward 300 years old are up to date?

    Let us take that eye for example, and look at how things might have happened. Light is a form of radiation, and is an energy source. Things that are exposed to light are often altered in some way as a result of absorbing that energy. Photosynthesis is one example

    There are bacteria in the ocean today that sense light, and move up or down depending on the light conditions. There are larger yet still primitive animals that have concentrated their light sensing substances into small areas, yet do not have eyes in the manner that we think of them, but "see" shades of lightness. There is a whole range of different eyes that vary from fairly simple, to the eyes of raptors. So we have an energy source, a basis to detect it, and creatures making more or less use of it. Given that the earliest light sensing was probably similar to the bacterial model noted above, there is noreason to think that similar processes existed a long long time ago. Not magic, nor any divine intervention needed.

    Dust on the moon refutes the age of the earth? Oy...

    --
    Why is this even on SlashDot?... Why is this even on Slashdot?...Why is this even on Slashdot?