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Body Heat Energy Generation

BuzzSkyline writes "Researchers in Belgium have developed devices to harvest the waste heat our bodies throw off in order to convert it to electricity to run devices such as a wristband blood oxygen sensor and an electrocardiogram shirt. As a side benefit, the power sources help cool you down and keep you looking cool, all while running sundry micropower devices. In fact, the researchers mention that the energy harvesting head band works so well that it can get uncomfortably cold. In that case, they say, 'This problem is solved in exactly the same way as someone solves it on the body level in cold weather: a headgear should be worn on top of the system to limit the heat flow and make it comfortable.' But it would be such a shame to cover up the golden heat-harvesting headband with a hat."

36 of 214 comments (clear)

  1. Truely Fremen fashion by gzipped_tar · · Score: 2, Insightful

    What's next? A body-movement powered (or better, heat & movement hybrid power), fully functional stillsuit?

    --
    Colorless green Cthulhu waits dreaming furiously.
    1. Re:Truely Fremen fashion by Forge · · Score: 2, Interesting

      You do if you want to drink the water expelled in your pee and sweat without any of those pesky toxins.

      As for me, electricity costs are getting so high that a human sized hamster wheel attached to a basic generator coil looks really attractive right now. Additional benefits like exercise and looking cool on that thing should clinch the deal.

      --
      --= Isn't it surprising how badly I spell ?
    2. Re:Truely Fremen fashion by camperdave · · Score: 4, Funny

      As for me, electricity costs are getting so high that a human sized hamster wheel attached to a basic generator coil looks really attractive right now.

      Of course, the problems involved in acquiring and caring for a human sized hamster tend to outweigh the benefits.

      --
      When our name is on the back of your car, we're behind you all the way!
  2. Screw that by elrous0 · · Score: 3, Insightful

    You're wasting the real potential of this thing. I live in an area that gets hot as hell in the summer. If it really does get "uncomfortably cold," I'd pay good money for a whole suit made of the stuff.

    --
    SJW: Someone who has run out of real oppression, and has to fake it.
    1. Re:Screw that by Thelasko · · Score: 2, Informative

      Unfortunately, the summary and the Physics Buzz article grossly misrepresent the research being done here. The device only becomes "uncomfortably cold" when ambient temperatures are below what are considered comfortable by most people. The AIP article also notes that it is unlikely that this device will ever be able to harvest enough energy to power current portable devices. They instead suggest that future devices be designed around the power output of this device.

      --
      One of our competitors trademarked the term "hypothesis". From now on, we will call them "boneheaded ideas".
    2. Re:Screw that by StikyPad · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Right, that's the problem.. you can't "harvest" heat unless you have a significant temperature differential, and a 20F difference (~95 to ~75) is laughable.

      Also, I question the idea of "waste" heat. The body heats itself enough to keep the extremities functional, and little beyond that. Making the body work harder could potentially result in hypothermia, although it could also result in a higher "resting" metabolic rate, so it really depends on whether or not the user has extra calories to spare.

      There are already better/more efficient ways to convert the body's energy into electrical power; namely hand cranks. They're not passive, but they also don't require constant use, they can potentially provide *far* more power, and they don't require ideal environmental conditions to operate.

    3. Re:Screw that by yurtinus · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Given tthat it's coming from a country where the diet consists of chocolate, beer, waffles (with chocolate on) and fries (with mayonnaise) I'd say they aren't exactly anorexic.

      Interested in losing weight without changing your diet? Boy have I got the product for you! The HeadFlex 3000 will burn calories while you go about your day, no exercise needed, and power your iPod, cell phone, or portable dialysis unit! Just strap it on, plug it in, and burn those calories!

      --
      +1 Disagree
    4. Re:Screw that by interploy · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Also, I question the idea of "waste" heat. Making the body work harder could potentially result in hypothermia, although it could also result in a higher "resting" metabolic rate, so it really depends on whether or not the user has extra calories to spare.

      I question your relative activity level. Have you ever shoveled a driveway clear of snow? I can go out in 10F in coat/gloves/hat/scarf and have to strip down to just a sweatshirt inside of thirty minutes. I give off so much heat that my clothes are literally steaming. You're talking as if the body has a finite amount of heat to give, but that's not the case. The heat output is equivalent to the amount of energy expended. If this thing can't power a gameboy, there's no way it can sap so much heat it risks giving someone hypothermia. To do that, it'd not only have to be able to harvest more heat than the body can produce at any given level, it'd have be able to do it over an extended period of time and without the user noticing he/she's freezing.

    5. Re:Screw that by Wardish · · Score: 3, Informative

      Sorry to say, since it's a heat engine, it moves heat from warmest to coolest. In hot weather YOU are the coolest. The device would warm you up.

      --
      Ward

      . Silence! Be thankful thy species is unpalatable! .
  3. Re:Cold? by oodaloop · · Score: 3, Insightful

    It feels cold because it's sucking heat out and using it. So it's constantly leaching heat out. Hence it would feel cold. Simple, really.

    --
    Tic-Tac-Toe, Global Thermonuclear War, and relationships all have the same winning move.
  4. A personal airconditioner? by rolfwind · · Score: 2, Interesting

    If this is true:

    In fact, the researchers mention that the energy harvesting head band works so well that it can get uncomfortably cold.

    Wouldn't it be extremely marketable? Especially for the military with troops in hot places and with bulky body armor and probably all types of personal electronic equipment to keep charged?

    1. Re:A personal airconditioner? by dvoecks · · Score: 3, Interesting

      That only works if the air temp is lower than 98.6. This sort of thing works by harnessing the difference in energy between the "hot" side and the "cold" side. Sure, it would work well at room-temperature, but who needs cooling at room-temp? About the only time you really need cooling when the air is significantly below normal body temperature outside is when you've got a fever, or are heavily exerting yourself. I definitely could get behind a headband that powers an mp3 player when I'm on a jog. It could have military applications, but it would be fairly limited. When it's 120 degrees in Iraq, this thing wouldn't work even if the soldier was running a marathon while dragging a broken down Humvee.

    2. Re:A personal airconditioner? by Adhemar82 · · Score: 2, Funny

      Time to invade Siberia!

    3. Re:A personal airconditioner? by Thelasko · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Wouldn't it be extremely marketable? Especially for the military with troops in hot places and with bulky body armor and probably all types of personal electronic equipment to keep charged?

      This also defies the laws of thermodynamics. Allow me to explain:

      1. In Iraq, the surroundings are hotter than the human body. Therefore, it is impossible to harvest energy from human waste heat because heat is flowing to the human, not away from it.

      2. The temperature gradient between a humans body and it's surroundings is not large enough to generate significant amounts of electricity. If it was, internal combustion engines would be a hell of a lot more efficient than they are today.

      3. If the temperature gradient between a human body and it's surroundings were large enough to generate significant amounts of electricity, you might want that energy to keep warm!

      --
      One of our competitors trademarked the term "hypothesis". From now on, we will call them "boneheaded ideas".
  5. not usually how it works by v1 · · Score: 5, Informative

    As a side benefit, the power sources help cool you down

    Typically if you take something that's trying to dump waste heat, and install something that recovers power from that heat, it creates an insulating effect, reducing the cooling the object was receiving. Heat can't be turned directly into energy, only difference in heat. Adding a heat reclamation system doesn't help cool something down because the power it's getting is from the temperature difference, not the heat itself. Instead it takes power from the temperature gradient, and as such reduces the temperature gradient, thus reducing cooling efficiency.

    --
    I work for the Department of Redundancy Department.
    1. Re:not usually how it works by maxwell+demon · · Score: 2, Informative

      Well, unless they built a perpetual motion machine of the second kind. :-)

      But actually, it may be due to the fact that normally you don't really feel the real temperature, but when it's cold, the temperature of the air directly at your skin is still higher than the surrounding air (unless there is wind, which is why you feel cold faster when there's wind). If this device has better heat transport to the surrounding air (e.g. because the surface to air is larger than the surface to you skin), you may feel colder that normally.

      --
      The Tao of math: The numbers you can count are not the real numbers.
    2. Re:not usually how it works by JerryLove · · Score: 4, Informative

      Yes. Power is generated when heat is moved from an area of high concentration (your head) to an area of low concentration (the air).

      If the device facilitates that transfer in order to get more energy from it; then it would indeed cool you down. It requires only tha the headband be more effective at radiating heat than your skin is.

    3. Re:not usually how it works by vlm · · Score: 2, Interesting

      This would be the reason why fremen stilsuits would be impossible, right? Even as a kid it struck me that someone was trying to have a free lunch.

      The part that kills the stillsuit is there is an inherent minimum energy requirement to separate drinkable water from uh, bodily output, and there is also an inherent minimum energy requirement to condense water out of the air. Unfortunately, to generate that energy, the human body requires MORE water than would be produced by either process... Healthy human kidneys already do a pretty near optimal job of "recycling water".

      Human powered camping filters only work because only a small fraction of the water is filtered, most bypasses into the waste outlet. Getting "all the H2O" would be way too hard. Hence the lack of commercially available human powered distillation apparatus. As for condensation, human powered bicycle air conditioners are not commercially viable, nor are human powered dehumidifiers... The navy would probably find a human powered exercisebike/dehumidifier to be useful, but it just doesn't work, you'll exhale/excrete more water than you could realistically condense.

      This might make a weird mythbusters episode... can someone boil away a quart of water using an exercise bike hooked up to a generator without eating/drinking/sweating/excreting more than a quart of water? Answer appears to not only be "no" for boiling, but "no" for condensing too.

      --
      "Science flies us to the moon. Religion flies us into buildings." - Victor Stenger
    4. Re:not usually how it works by dintech · · Score: 2, Funny

      Drinking your own pee has always been free.

  6. Re:Cold? by sakdoctor · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Those of us who descended from the mammalian evolutionary tree, keep our bodies warmer than ambient temperatures.

  7. Free Energy? by lobiusmoop · · Score: 2, Insightful

    FTFA:
    "Imagine portable electronics that run on a free, reliable energy source."

    Um, I'm already practically there. I can get a KWh out of the wall for 5p (10c), charge up an iPhone from dead to full for a quarter (5KWh battery capacity there) and can get as many cheap chargers as I like. On my list of concerns right now, body-heat chargers are pretty far down.

    --
    "I bless every day that I continue to live, for every day is pure profit."
    1. Re:Free Energy? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_(electricity)#Rechargeable_battery_chemistries

      I'd love to know where you get 5 kWh from an iPhone battery. Li-Ion batteries have an energy density of 128 Wh/kg, so your iPhone battery must weigh 39 kg.

      Granted, a 5 kWh Li-Ion battery will cost a fortune, so for something of that capacity, you're more likely to use a lead-acid battery of car/alarm/emergency light fame. That battery would weigh 129 kg. My brother-in-law has an iPhone; I'll ask him if it came with a dolly for the battery.

      Now, it would make more sense if that was a 5 Wh battery; then we're talking about 39 grams, which is probably a bit easier to carry around. And your charging cost is down to 0.005p, but will likely be a good deal higher due to energy loss.

  8. Re:Cold? by confused+one · · Score: 2, Informative

    It's better at conducting heat away from your skin than air; and, because it's extracting energy and using a small radiator as a heat sink, it remains colder than the skin. It only feels cold. It would never actually reach ambient because your body is keeping it above ambient, with the asumption that "ambient" is well below body temperature. From the article:

    "At 22C, it produces about 30W/cm2, i.e., close to the theoretical limit of power generation on people at this temperature in a compact device. There is, however, a drawback of such high power generation: at lower ambient temperatures, the heat flow rapidly exceeds the sensation of discomfort and the device turns into uncomfortably cold object. For example, at 19C, the TEG already produces 3.7 mW, but the sensation of cold becomes too annoying. "

  9. Wait, What happens if your head gets too hot? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

    If your head gets too hot with the hat on, simply put another heat absorber around your hat. If your head gets too cold again, put on another hat.

  10. Re:Bullshit by jdunn14 · · Score: 4, Informative

    I was going to just mod you down, but the summary at least never said anything about lowering any part of the device below ambient. It said that the headband will "feel cold". Touch a piece of wood at room temperature. It will sometimes "feel" warm. Do the same thing with a piece of steel. It will "feel" cold. This is true even if both are at the exact same temperature. Heat conduction

    The kids section of my local science museum even has hand-shaped pieces of different materials to demonstrate the effect.

  11. Re:Cold? by Issarlk · · Score: 5, Informative

    The headband is at ambiant temperature, but your body is much warmer. Heat flow from your body to the headband and leaves a cold sensation on your skin. The material of the headband applied to the body is probably a good conductor of heat ; it's like with a piece of metal that feels cold to the touch and a piece of wood that doesn't while both are at room temperature.

  12. Canada by Galestar · · Score: 3, Funny

    I live in Canada... I need all of my body heat as it is.

    --
    AccountKiller
    1. Re:Canada by TheGreatOrangePeel · · Score: 2, Funny

      I live in Canada... My wife needs all of my body heat as it is.

      There. Fixed that for you.

  13. Re:Cold? by Hatta · · Score: 3, Insightful

    It's not sucking heat out, that would actually require extra energy input. It's not a pump, it's more like a water wheel.

    But my question has been answered. It doesn't get below ambient temperature. We just don't feel ambient temperature as cold as it actually is, because air is a pretty good insulator.

    --
    Give me Classic Slashdot or give me death!
  14. Re:Cold? by vegiVamp · · Score: 2, Funny

    So in warm countries (or during a heat wave), when ambient is *above* body temperature, do yo wear it inside-out ?

    --
    What a depressingly stupid machine.
  15. Blue Smarties. . . by Fantastic+Lad · · Score: 4, Informative

    Though perhaps they won't need massive amounts of force to subdue humanity; from what I've seen, most people would choose the blue pill.

    I've long believed that the physical reality we live in, being entirely a product of energy and thus little more than an illusion, the idea of matter and as such is inherently linked to consciousness. . , that all things in our reality can be observed as and understood to be metaphors for systems and conflicts we are experiencing in our conscious awareness.

    -You have to plug humans into the Matrix at the start of their lives when kids are most inquisitive. Red Smarties are the most popular color, and the battle over Blue Smarties rages on. . !

    In 2006 it was announced that Nestlé were removing all artificial colourings from Smarties in the UK, owing to consumer concerns over the effect of chemical dyes on children's health. Nestlé decided to replace all synthetic dyes with natural ones, but as they were unable to source a natural blue dye, the blue Smarties were removed from circulation, and white Smarties were introduced in their place. White Smarties were later removed from the range, and blue Smarties were re-introduced in the UK in February 2008, using a natural blue dye derived from the cyanobacteria spirulina.

    Dieticians [...] said that the blue coloring was the one which was most likely to cause intolerance in kids. "The thing about blue is there are no natural equivalents. All the others can be obtained from natural sources," said Linda Hodge, a dietitian. "I believe the Brilliant Blue causes the worst symptoms of chemical intolerances."

    She added that when consumers are being tested for intolerances, the first color tried out is yellow. "When we are trying to determine if a person is sensitive to food coloring, we test them first on yellow. If there is no reaction we then use red, then blue. We don't start off with blue because it is a the strongest color and gives the worst reactions," she observed.

    Humans naturally try to reject the Matrix. "Entire crops were lost."

    Neat, huh?

    -FL

    1. Re:Blue Smarties. . . by camperdave · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Back in the 1960s, or perhaps the 1970s, before the "When you eat your Smarties, do you eat the red ones last?" campaign, Smarties were marketed with a song that included the line: "You'll see red, two shades of brown, but you'll never, ever, ever see blue". To this day, I feel betrayed every time I eat a blue Smartie.

      --
      When our name is on the back of your car, we're behind you all the way!
    2. Re:Blue Smarties. . . by OglinTatas · · Score: 4, Funny

      Humans naturally try to reject the Matrix. "Entire crops were lost."

      I don't reject the Matrix so much as I reject The Matrix 2 and 3.

    3. Re:Blue Smarties. . . by plasticsquirrel · · Score: 2, Interesting

      You are reinventing Buddhism, actually, which is mostly what the Matrix copies as well. The Buddha taught 2500 years ago that you don't have a body, the entire world is an illusion, and that mind is the only reality that human beings have ever experienced, or could even hypothetically ever experience. That all reality is observable through eight consciousnesses, some of which are associated with sense organs, and others which are more fundamental. There is a complete model of the mind all of its faculties, including the conception of thoughts. At the most fundamental level is a consciousness that is the complete non-duality of mind and matter.

      If you want the details, the consciousness-only school developed them in India and then in China. However, most academics cannot understand the texts because they are heavily dependent on logic, technical terminology, and a model of the mind based on empirical observation of thoughts and phenomena in meditation. However, if anyone is interested, the basic text is quite short and is called the Sandhirnirmocana Sutra. However, the most technical text in English, is the book written by the Chinese master Xuanzang Treatise on the Perfection of Consciousness-only. Even for Lisp or Haskell-breathing intellectual programmers, these texts should prove quite challenging. And I fear westerners who pride themselves on their understanding of western philosophy would have no chance at all. There are extremely few people who read and understand this material, sadly.

      --
      Systemd: the PulseAudio of init systems
  16. Re:Wristband blood oxygen sensor? by quercus.aeternam · · Score: 2, Informative

    If you need continuous monitoring, you probably need more accuracy than non-invasive means will get you.

    As of 2003 (when I spent a summer internship at Sensys Medical), the best non-invasive method (near-infrared spectroscopy) would get you within 20% of the actual value - and that's with an initial blood sample for calibration. IIRC, most consumer devices are accurate to 10-15%, with cheaper clinical devices being accurate to 5%.

    Knowing the hardware necessary for even that degree of accuracy as well as the difficulties we had getting a clean signal while trying to shrink stuff down to shoebox size, there's no way that this would work - not with IR, anyway.

    The accuracy should have improved since then, and these numbers are purely from memory. That said, you are right. That would be something - but given accuracy and demand, don't plan on it in your lifetime.

  17. Re:uh oh by Locke2005 · · Score: 2, Funny

    Man, what have you been smoking? I gotta get me some of that stuff!

    --
    I've abandoned my search for truth; now I'm just looking for some useful delusions.