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The Murky Origins of Zork's Name

mjn writes "Computational media researcher Nick Montfort traces the murky origins of Zork's name. It's well known that the word was used in MIT hacker jargon around that time, but how did it get there? Candidates are the term 'zorch' from late 1950s DIY electronics slang, the use of the term as a placeholder in some early 1970s textbooks, the typo a QWERTY user would get if he typed 'work' on an AZERTY keyboard, and several uses in obscure sci-fi. No solid answers so far, though, as there are problems with many of the possible explanations that would have made MIT hackers unlikely to have run across them at the right time."

70 comments

  1. Trivia by Ethanol-fueled · · Score: 2, Interesting
    TFA:

    It's also at least arguable that "zork" sounds less destructive than "zorch,"

    "Zorch" sounds exactly like "Zork" when you pronounce the "-ch" as a "k" like the word chemistry. Could've been wordplay that became viral, like when people use "guise" instead of "guys".

    The general definition of "zorch" is to destroy or render unusuable, esp with electrical current of improper or fatal voltage or current.

    Calvin and Hobbes' Spaceman Spiff carries a futuristic sidearm, which was eventually named Death Ray Blaster, or Death Ray Zorcher.

    1. Re:Trivia by Jhon · · Score: 1

      There is a small mailbox here
      >open mailbox

      Opening the mailbox reveals a leaflet.
      >read leaflet

      You don't have the leaflet!
      >take leaflet

      leaflet taken.
      >read leaflet

      "Welcome to ZORK!..."

      What fun it was for the impressionable lad of 12 or 13 I was...

    2. Re:Trivia by FreshKarma · · Score: 5, Funny

      You have been eaten by a grueling day at work.

      --
      The future ain't what it used to be.
    3. Re:Trivia by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Well played! Very funny!

    4. Re:Trivia by husker_man · · Score: 4, Funny

      You have been eaten by a grueling day at work.

      These jokes are getting a little twisty on me. All alike.

    5. Re:Trivia by The+Yuckinator · · Score: 2, Funny

      You see a seedy looking heckler carrying a large bag.

    6. Re:Trivia by khellendros1984 · · Score: 2

      I swear I didn't change my sig to fit into this convo....

      --
      It is pitch black. You are likely to be eaten by a grue.
    7. Re:Trivia by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That's in "Lurking Horror", not "Zork".

    8. Re:Trivia by bcat24 · · Score: 1

      Is is there there an an echo echo in in here here??

    9. Re:Trivia by mqduck · · Score: 1

      I liked Zork, but I hate the "twisty little passages". It practically ruins the game. It, as anyone who managed to finish the game knows, creates "difficulty" by having some places warp you to other places without any indication that it's doing so. In fact, it never gives you any indication of where you are ("all alike"). When you create a "puzzle" that can't be solved using logic or intuition, that's NOT FUN. It's just irritating.

      --
      Property is theft.
    10. Re:Trivia by jwildstr · · Score: 3, Informative

      I remember solving that (or rather, my mother solving it). It required a very large piece of paper and a large number of (preferably useless) items. You'd drop one in each new room you came to; that gave a unique identifier for the room, so you could make a map.

    11. Re:Trivia by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Thanks for the laugh. ;)

    12. Re:Trivia by russotto · · Score: 3, Informative

      I liked Zork, but I hate the "twisty little passages". It practically ruins the game. It, as anyone who managed to finish the game knows, creates "difficulty" by having some places warp you to other places without any indication that it's doing so.

      There's no warping. It's viciously difficult because the place descriptions are identical and the object -dropping strategy is limited by your inventory and by the thief moving things around, but it's deterministic and only movement commands actually move you. The maze can be mapped, it's just quite tedious.

    13. Re:Trivia by yttrstein · · Score: 1

      FWIW, two degrees away from the source:

      A friend's father, who is a computer nerd and retired electrician and flunked out of MIT in the mid 60s swears by the "zorch" theory, and has since I met him. He supports the notion that "zorch" is an onomatopoeia for the sound that a frying electrical component makes as it dies; with a soft "ch". The hard "k" is the fault of MIT sociolinguistics of the era, he explains.

      And actually now that I think of it, if any of this has anything to do with the sociolinguistics of MIT at the area, someone should probably ask Chomsky where it came from. He probably knows for sure.

    14. Re:Trivia by MrWin2kMan · · Score: 1

      I'm sorry, I don't speak elvish.

      --
      Nothing to see here but us trolls...move along...
    15. Re:Trivia by The+Yuckinator · · Score: 1

      I believe you are mistaken. "seedy looking gentleman carrying a large bag" is burned in my Zork memory.

      Lurking horror may have borrowed the description but it was definitely in Zork

    16. Re:Trivia by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      AH! now i know where my college friends' nickname came from.

    17. Re:Trivia by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I hope his nickname is "grue", otherwise that's possibly not a very PC nick...

  2. What about Kroz? by Chuq · · Score: 2, Informative

    Crappy ASCII art based shareware game... Kingdom of Kroz... "borrowed" it's name from Zork.

    --
    - Chuq
    1. Re:What about Kroz? by Osty · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Crappy ASCII art based shareware game... Kingdom of Kroz... "borrowed" it's name from Zork.

      Crappy or not, Kroz ultimately brought us Doom, Quake, Duke Nukem, etc. Scott Miller founded Apogee with the release of Kingdom of Kroz, and the rest is history.

    2. Re:What about Kroz? by camperdave · · Score: 1

      At least link us to a site or two.

      --
      When our name is on the back of your car, we're behind you all the way!
    3. Re:What about Kroz? by drinkypoo · · Score: 1

      That doesn't help us go the other way. Also, that was a RAD game for its day. Sort of a realtime roguelike.

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
  3. Does there have to be a meaning? by Lije+Baley · · Score: 2, Insightful

    How about maybe it just sounded good?

    --
    Strange things are afoot at the Circle-K.
    1. Re:Does there have to be a meaning? by Zork+the+Almighty · · Score: 1

      That's why I picked it. Actually, I always liked the Zork games.

      --

      In Soviet America the banks rob you!
  4. What a Horrible Article by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Pics or it didn't happen.

  5. Nethack by smitty97 · · Score: 3, Funny

    The oracle asks for a donation of 1000 zorkmids to ponder your question..

    --
    mod me funny
    1. Re:Nethack by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

      The Oracle scornfully takes all your money and says:

      "it is rather disconcerting to be confronted with the following theorem from [Baker, Gill, and Solovay, 1975].

      Theorem 7.18 There exist recursive languages and B such that

      (1) P(A) == NP(A), and
      (2) P(B) != NP(B)

      This provides impressive evidence that the techniques that are currently available will not suffice for proving that P != NP or that P == NP." [Garey and Johnson, p. 185.]

  6. It is pitch black. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    You are likely to be eaten by a grue.

    1. Re:It is pitch black. by amiga3D · · Score: 3, Funny

      Hmm....reminds me of the movie Pitch Black. I wonder if the writers ever played Zork?

    2. Re:It is pitch black. by The+End+Of+Days · · Score: 1

      It is Pitch Black. You are likely to be beaten up by Vin Diesel.

  7. Parallel invention? by Besjon · · Score: 2, Funny

    As a kid in the early '80s, I created my own space marine/spy/superhero character and drew a comic book of one of his adventures: lots of spaceships and weapons and a sinister villain as part of a class project. I named him Zork because I was fascinated by the letter Z (I was a huge Zorro fan growing up) and the combination with the letter K sounded strong. I had big hopes of making him into a toy product line, Saturday morning cartoon, and a series of choose your own adventure books. Oh well...

    1. Re:Parallel invention? by neostorm · · Score: 1

      I love stuff like this. I think every creative person, at one time or another in their life, has "created" something that, hours, days, or years later they find to be an existing term, name or trademark.

      I feel for you brother! Teaches you to keep your truly unique creations close to your chest...

  8. PCC or Dr. Dobb's? by SEWilco · · Score: 1

    It is also possible that the People's Computer Company newsletter or Dr. Dobb's Journal of Computer Calisthenics used a bit of Brunner's material as filler. The "bit of zork" illustration would have fit their style. Unfortunately, I don't definitely remember such an example.

  9. I didn't say 'zork'. by Drewcool · · Score: 1

    'Zork'? What is 'zork'?

    1. Re:I didn't say 'zork'. by osu-neko · · Score: 3, Informative

      My lawn... get off of it. :p

      --
      "Convictions are more dangerous enemies of truth than lies."
    2. Re:I didn't say 'zork'. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I don't understand that.
      >

    3. Re:I didn't say 'zork'. by GaryOlson · · Score: 3, Interesting

      He can't. He is caught is a twisty little maze of bushes all alike. And you smell suspiciously like a grue....

      --
      Every mans' island needs an ocean; choose your ocean carefully.
  10. When spaceman spiff by hoytak · · Score: 1

    next goes to the planet Zork, he'll ask them. That is, if they can stop reading slashzork, the local, well, you know.

    --
    Does having a witty signature really indicate normality?
  11. Tjaden4815 by Tjaden · · Score: 0

    Right off the bat I knew this was a poorly written article. The author says "foobar" is a nonsense word when it means, when spelled correctly 'FUBAR', F***ed Up Beyond All Repair. /DNRTFA

    1. Re:Tjaden4815 by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No, foobar is not fubar. foobar is a nonsense word used often in programming examples. It may have derived originally from fubar.

    2. Re:Tjaden4815 by mauddib~ · · Score: 1

      Since the word has meaning for programmers, it could be a non-dictionarized meaningful word (in a certain context).

      (just as dictionarized is not a dictionary word, but has meaning nevertheless)

      --
      This is a replacement signature.
    3. Re:Tjaden4815 by drinkypoo · · Score: 1

      Second this. Programmers knew what FUBAR meant when they used "foo" and "bar"; I will bet you hard currency that the "foobar" convention appeared as a way to dodge the fact that the creators had been referring to "profanity", which is more than enough to offend many. You'd name your temp variable "foo" and not "fu" because "fu" is too short. You've got to have at least three characters. The AC who disagrees with you is a troll or an idiot, shock amazement.

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
    4. Re:Tjaden4815 by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Interesting

      Idiot --> YOU

    5. Re:Tjaden4815 by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No, he's not. Programmers used foo for a temp. variable. It had nothing to do with fubar. Although, bar was often used when a second temp. variable was need. This was a joke alluding to fubar, but the original foo didn't. So, it is YOU and the OP who are the idiots, not the AC. You can be shocked and amazed and lose your bet.

    6. Re:Tjaden4815 by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You do even know who Nick Montfort is? He's written a very good, in-depth history of interactive fiction. It is you that is the moron here. Being a programmer for about 30 years, I can tell you the original of "foobar" is not "fubar." The similar sound is just a coincidence.

    7. Re:Tjaden4815 by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      How did you know my password!?

  12. Hello Sailor by amiga3D · · Score: 2, Interesting

    I swear that game made me buy a commodore 64 just to play it. I saw it on a friends C64 and bought one a week later with a 1541 disk drive and the games Zork and F15 Strike Eagle. I lost more sleep wandering around the rooms in that house. I doubt the name has any real meaning, just more of the same bizarreness of the game.

    1. Re:Hello Sailor by elrous0 · · Score: 1

      I remember seeing Zork for the first time on a friend's Apple II. He was the neighborhood Richy Rich who could afford an Apple (us normal kids had to settle for C64's). I never realized it was released for the C64 too (it would have certainly made me less jealous of Richy Rich, if I had known that).

      --
      SJW: Someone who has run out of real oppression, and has to fake it.
  13. I'm more concerned with "Zort" and "Narf" by jcatki · · Score: 1

    Pinky may have played Zork...

    --
    -=<LongIslandMan>=-
  14. Luxury by BrightSpark · · Score: 1

    You had it easy! Best we could manage was a tape drive on our C64. You had to forward the tape (an audio tape) to your save point and then enter load" etc before our Dad would slash us in two w'it breadknife, if we were lucky! I was too busy playing Elite and Impossible Mission to get Zork. I got Zork first on my PC (Atari 286) - who could afford an 80086? My one at work cost A$5,600 with a 10Mb Tadon step drive disk and a Hercules graphics card in 1986. My 286 in 1987 was A$3,600 - with a 9pin dot matrix printer. You could buy a house for A$46k back then. I must have been mad. And you tell that to the young people of today and they won't believe yer!

    1. Re:Luxury by ubrgeek · · Score: 1

      Yeah, yeah. And when I was a kid, I had to wander through a maze of twisty little passages, all alike, in the snow, with no shoes, uphill both ways. Get off my open field west of a white house.

      --
      Bark less. Wag more.
    2. Re:Luxury by justinlee37 · · Score: 1

      Amusingly, you can also buy a house for $46,000 today.

  15. Zork as at about 1979-80 by A+Pressbutton · · Score: 1

    There was a uk based comic called Warrior that had a recurring character in one of the strips called Zork. I think the character was based on earlier work from another underground comic - possibly us based.

    1. Re:Zork as at about 1979-80 by alices+ice · · Score: 1

      do you mean 'zirk, silver sweater of the spaceways?'

  16. Stuck for a name by MrKaos · · Score: 1

    "You can't call it Dorkz - anyone got any other ideas..."

    --
    My ism, it's full of beliefs.
  17. Obligatory by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Obligatory nerdcore song. MC Frontalot- It is Pitch Dark

    1. Re:Obligatory by Anil · · Score: 1

      and don't forget the walkthrough song: http://5090.fawm.org/songs/4255/

  18. "Zork" was originally MIT hacker jargon for an... by sobolwolf · · Score: 1

    "Zork" was originally MIT hacker jargon for an unfinished program. The implementors named the completed game Dungeon, but by that time the name Zork had already stuck.

  19. AZERTY by Soiden · · Score: 1

    To me, this article is more interesting because of the AZERTY keyboard configuration. I didin't know that existed.

    --
    Minti: What's that huge shuriken in your back?! Kin: It's the instrument of my victory.
    1. Re:AZERTY by Hardtrance · · Score: 1

      That's funny. For some reason I always thought AZERTY just meant a crappy typist.

      --
      This post is LAW where prohibited by VOID. Prosecutors will be violated.
    2. Re:AZERTY by andrewa · · Score: 1

      Oh, believe me they exist. Every time I do any consultancy work in France I have to use those keyboards.... *shudder*

      --
      :(){ :|:& };:
  20. The Origin Of A Name... by Xin+Jing · · Score: 5, Informative

    An hour of searching revealed these clues to the origin of the classic gaming name Zork. Here's a 2001 interview with Dave Lebling, one of the devs from Zork and the early days of Infocom posted on Adventure Gaming Classic http://www.adventureclassicgaming.com/index.php/site/interviews/171/:

    Q: There had been numerous speculations regarding the origin of the word "Zork." For the record, who among the "Infocom Imps" came up with this name? Where is the exact origin of the word "Zork"?

    A: I'm pretty sure it was Marc Blank who first applied the word to the game. The word itself was current as an exclamation or nonsense word (like "foo" and "bar") around the lab. Programs in the ITS operating system were had to have six-letter or fewer names, and it was pretty common to use a placeholder name when working on something new. I think Marc used "TS ZORK" as the placeholder, and it stuck.
    I think "Frobozz" was similar, of a variant of "foobar." Bruce Daniels was, I think, largely responsible for its ubiquity in the early parts of Zork.

    We briefly changed the name of the game to "Dungeon" (which was my bad idea, I sheepishly admit), then changed it back after TSR (the D&D people) threatened us with a lawsuit over it. MIT's lawyers squashed them like bugs but we decided we liked "Zork" better anyway. The widely distributed Fortran version of Zork was written during the period when the game was called Dungeon, which is why that version is often called Dungeon.

    Also here's a further clue in "The History of Zork", as recounted by Tim Anderson http://www.csd.uwo.ca/Infocom/Articles/NZT/zorkhist.html:

    "...Marc, Bruce, and I sat down to write a real game. We began by drawing some maps, inventing some problems, and arguing a lot about how to make things work. Bruce still had some thoughts of graduating, thus preferring design to implementation, so Marc and I spent the rest of Dave's vacation in the terminal room implementing the first version of Zork. Zork, by the way, was never really named. "Zork" was a nonsense word floating around; it was usually a verb, as in "zork the fweep," and may have been derived from "zorch." ("Zorch" is another nonsense word implying total destruction.) We tended to name our programs with the word "zork" until they were ready to be installed on the system."

    Anyone got the email address for Marc Blank? Undoubtedly the absolute truth lies with him.

    1. Re:The Origin Of A Name... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Maybe you should have spent some of that hour reading the article. The word "zork" was already in the hacker lexicon when the MIT trio used it for their game. What Montford is search for is the real origin of the word, not why the game was gamed that. But of course expecting anything silly like actually reading the article and knowing what the fuck you are talking about is just too much for most people on Slashdot. They'd rather just read the title, make baseless assumptions, then make asses of themselves trying to bash someone who is actually doing something with their life.

    2. Re:The Origin Of A Name... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Aside from the fact that GP's post was pretty interesting of itself, I didn't see him trying to bash anyone. And as for bashing someone who is "actually doing something with their life" - while we all enjoy the trip down memory lane and would probably be interested to hear what the actual original of the word is, it's hardly feeding the hungry or finding a cure for cancer. Calm down.

  21. Twisty Little Passages by Nick Montfort by longhairedgnome · · Score: 2, Interesting

    An entire chapter of Twisty Little Passages is devoted to Zork. Twisty Little passages

    --
    GENERATION O98346: The first time you see this, copy it into your sig and remove a random number from the generation. T
  22. About your mother by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I remember solving that (or rather, my mother solving it). It required a very large piece of paper and a large number of (preferably useless) items. You'd drop one in each new room you came to; that gave a unique identifier for the room, so you could make a map.

    Anyone ever told you that your mother is damn cool? Now somebody has. She is. Tell her about it if you can, she deserves it :)