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New Bounds On the Higgs Boson Mass

As the LHC continues to run at half power for the next year+, the US-based Tevatron continues to crank out results. Reader hweimer writes "Three new papers in Physical Review Letters present the latest results for the Higgs boson mass coming from Fermilab's Tevatron. The new data mandates that the Higgs boson mass within the standard model lies between 115 and 150 GeV." A year back we discussed the Tevatron's previous shrinking of the search space for the Higgs "God particle."

173 comments

  1. Conversion to mass in kg by cytoman · · Score: 0, Redundant

    From Wikipedia, 1 GeV/c^2 = 1.783 × 1027 kg . I wish summary articles were written so that most people could understand the terms used.

    1. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by cytoman · · Score: 4, Informative
      1 GeV/c^2 = 1.783 x 10^-27 kg.

      I didn't preview my previous comment and so it came out all wrong.

    2. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by Idiomatick · · Score: 1

      That is 10 to the power of -27 kg... /. is lame.

    3. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by Jonnty · · Score: 1

      Oh, 1.783 × 1027 kg! Thanks for clearing that one up!

      --
      Any grammatical or spelling errors above are for comic effect, and do not signify imperfection in the writer.
    4. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by CorporateSuit · · Score: 1

      So 150 GeV would be just over 50 elephants!

      --
      I am the richest astronaut ever to win the superbowl.
    5. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Don't you mean 1.6e-11 kg?

    6. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by CorporateSuit · · Score: 1

      So 150 GeV would be just over 50 elephants!

      Well, that certainly explains why the LHC has to be so big, but... oh wait, I see, it was a typo. In that case, it's slightly smaller than a sugar molecule, I think?

      --
      I am the richest astronaut ever to win the superbowl.
    7. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by Interoperable · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I wish summary articles were written so that most people could understand the terms used.

      The trouble is that 10^-27 isn't a tremendously intuitive number. Even being extremely familiar with scientific notation, the magnitude is so small that it really defies any intuitive sense of scale. GeV may not be nearly as familiar as kg but eV (electron volts) are an appropriate unit when dealing with particle energies and so are used in most articles regarding accelerators. Given the choice, I would take eV so that people who are following the progress of the LHC and Tevatron colliders can compare between articles.

      --
      So if this is the future...where's my jet pack?
    8. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by Mitchell314 · · Score: 1

      But yet not the mass of a single library of congress.

      --
      I read TFA and all I got was this lousy cookie
    9. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by biryokumaru · · Score: 2, Funny

      Ah, yes, the old imperial to metric conversion. In the states, we still use the old "Library of Congress" standard unit system. I think the LoC to DPb conversion is 3.2x10^7 books / 40 DDs.

      --
      When you're afraid to download music illegally in your own home, then the terrorists have won!
    10. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Some of the LHC/Tevatron articles I read us KeV, so yes, some standardization please.

    11. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by Seto89 · · Score: 1

      On the contrary, everyone who has sufficient knowledge to understand the subject knows (and in this context prefers) these units. There is really no point in using kilograms in this context, unless you wanna account for the 11th grader creating a scale of mass...

      --
      There are two kinds of people - those who are radioactive and those who have already decayed..
    12. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by kaini · · Score: 0

      see sig!

      --
      please restate bitrate in libraries of congress per hour.
    13. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by ehrichweiss · · Score: 5, Funny

      Stop using these arbitrary units of measure. Just tell me how many station wagons of backup tapes this is..

      --
      0x09F911029D74E35BD84156C5635688C0
    14. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by Eudial · · Score: 1

      I agree that GeV is the appropriate unit. Though it wouldn't hurt to have a paragraph explaining to people not well versed in physics how 1 GeV is roughly the mass of a hydrogen atom.

      --
      GAAH! MY PRINTER IS ON FIRE!!! PUT IT OUT! PUT IT OUT!
    15. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by mbone · · Score: 4, Funny

      You should consider cosmology. That's the only field I know of where errors at the 10^54 level might be acceptable.

    16. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by mbone · · Score: 1

      Not entirely true - suppose you wanted to estimate something on a macroscopic scale, such as the effects on a spacecraft or asteroid from absorbing a Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray (as do exist). Knowing that the biggest one yet detected carried about 50 Joules of energy is likely to be more informative than knowing it was 3 x 10^11 GeV.

    17. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      how about chemical engineering reaction coefficients?

    18. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by daveime · · Score: 1, Funny

      You should consider climatology. That's the only field I know of where errors at the 10^54 level is not only acceptable but believed as gospel by the world's governments.

      FTFY

    19. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by daveime · · Score: 1

      It's really really really tiny, but it would hurt like crazy if you touched it.

      Simplistic enough for you ?

    20. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by GospelHead821 · · Score: 1

      Could somebody explain to me, then, how the Higgs Boson is supposed to be responsible for the existence of mass? Until reading this, I had always heard that the Higgs is responsible for mass and I just assumed that massive particles contained Higgs Bosons - that the Higgs was the mass quantum. If they're many times more massive than other particles we know to be massive, in what manner are they responsible for mass?

      --
      Virtue finds and chooses the mean.
      Aristotle, Ethica Nichomachea
    21. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by TheEldest · · Score: 4, Informative

      The higgs is sort of the measureable side effect of the physics that 'give' particles mass.

      Think of it this way. The Electro Magnetic field "gives" particles charge. (or the charge in a particle interacts with other charges through the EM field).

      There are some particles that sorta 'show up' in the equations when you're dealing with the EM fields (photon, W & Z bosons).

      The same sort of things happens with mass. Some physicists came up with an addendum to the current equations that would explain how the mass of particles interacts. These equations have in them (depending on version) 1 or more particles (Higgs bosons).

      So it's not so much that the Higgs gives particles mass, but by detecting the Higgs, we prove the existence of the Higgs field which allows mass in particles to interact.

    22. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by damasterwc · · Score: 0, Flamebait

      so true. too bad some guy with his head rammed deep into the sand downmodded you. i would mod u up if i had points.

    23. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      African or Asian?

    24. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yes, one idiot modding another up. "u" really deserve each other.

    25. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by sexconker · · Score: 0

      It's really really really tiny, but it would hurt like crazy if you touched it.

      Simplistic enough for you ?

      Insert penis reference here.
      Heh.

      Insert penis.
      Reference here.

    26. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by fractoid · · Score: 1

      You should consider climatology. That's the only field I know of where errors at the 10^54 level is not only acceptable but believed as gospel by the world's governments.

      You can't say THAT!
      [insert character assassination as appropriate; don't question the establishment bro!]

      --
      Rampant carbon sequestration destroyed the Dinosaurs' tropical paradise. I'm here to help repair the damage.
    27. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by imakemusic · · Score: 1

      That's all well and good for you Yanks but can you convert that into Double-Decker-Buses for use Limeys?

      --
      Brain surgery - it's not rocket science!
    28. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by somersault · · Score: 2, Funny

      Actually, one Dolly Parton's bosom (DDb) just happens to be exactly the same mass as that of a Double Decker Bus (DDB). Confusing, but convenient!

      --
      which is totally what she said
    29. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by Alioth · · Score: 1

      To make it understandable, the energy can be converted into a relative "human" form so a person can understand it.

      For example, 1TeV is about the kinetic energy of a flying mosquito. While the equivalent of 15% of the kinetic energy of a flying mosquito isn't much (150GeV) it is a LOT of energy for a single subatomic particle.

      As a comparison, the Planck energy is about the equivalent of the energy released from burning a full tank of fuel in a typical family car. It shows that even our most powerful atom smashers are puny in comparison to some of what happens in the universe . . .

    30. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by daveime · · Score: 0, Troll

      Coming from the AC idiot who puts the letter u in quotation marks ?

    31. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by Kashgarinn · · Score: 1

      but.. isn't mass directly related to the space itself? I've always been of the thought that space was the field mass was a part of, and any particles of space (matter) was in fact the evidence of a field (space) and mass-particles (matter).

      Of course this is important research, it's definitely worth asking the question, is mass a sign of a different field than space, like EM is a different field than space. I'm pretty sure though that the question will be no.. Mass of particles is in my mind linked to matter-particles being mass-particles in the space-field so to speak.

      But then if anything interesting comes out of it, it'll give us a better understanding of the space-field, which is needed I think.

      K.

    32. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by rwiggers · · Score: 1

      You should consider cosmology. That's the only field I know of where errors at the 10^27 level might be acceptable.

    33. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I thought EM field -> quantised -> photon, which couples to charge
      Gravitational field -> quantised -> graviton, which couples to mass.

      Where does the Higgs fit in with this analogy?

    34. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Apparently, yes. What's your point? Do you even have one?

    35. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Or perhaps homeopathy, where errors at the 10^54 level might be medicine.

    36. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by Grishnakh · · Score: 1

      Is there any chance this "Higgs field" could allow us to create artificial gravity? (Forgive me if this is a stupid question, I'm a sci-fi fan, not a physicist.)

    37. Re:Conversion to mass in kg by BOwara · · Score: 1

      Or if one would rather deal with temperature: divide 1 eV by the Boltzmann constant and use 11,605K.

  2. Re:first!!!!!! by blakelarson · · Score: 3, Funny

    I'd say your place lies between first and eighth...

  3. Fermilab Bastards. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Interesting

    The more I hear about Tevatron's new discoveries - and the slowing progress of the LHC; the more I think Fermilab had something to do with LHCs 'demise'

    1. Re:Fermilab Bastards. by Mitchell314 · · Score: 1

      [obligatory xkcd reference]"I can sell you an accelerator that goes to 14 TeV"[/obligatory xkcd reference]

      --
      I read TFA and all I got was this lousy cookie
    2. Re:Fermilab Bastards. by cduffy · · Score: 1

      [obligatory xkcd reference]"I can sell you an accelerator that goes to 14 TeV"[/obligatory xkcd reference]

      If you're referring to the XKCD I think you are, I hope you realize that it in turn was a pop culture reference itself.

  4. Half power? Crank it up!!! by DigiShaman · · Score: 0

    More power Egor, more power!!! Yes, Yeesssss. ****maniacal laughter***

    --
    Life is not for the lazy.
  5. Re:wasteful by Cryacin · · Score: 1, Informative

    That's beyond his cranial capacity.

    --
    Science advances one funeral at a time- Max Planck
  6. Re:wasteful by MightyMartian · · Score: 1

    I'm sure if the US cuts the funding, those scientists will get job offers elsewhere, and the United States will be well on the way to becoming a main provider of cheap labor for Mexico and Canada.

    --
    The world's burning. Moped Jesus spotted on I50. Details at 11.
  7. Re:first!!!!!! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    LOL!

    Dear Fermilab's Tevatron,
        Thank you for announcing you got there first, and laughing in my face. You big jerk.
    Sincerely,
        LHC

  8. To be clear what this means. by JoshuaZ · · Score: 5, Interesting

    These are bounds for the mass of the Higgs boson assuming it exists. If it doesn't exist, this data is meaningless. What will presumably eventually happen is that we'll narrow the mass down to a very tiny bound (if it exists) which would be strong evidence for its existence. Or we might detect the Higgs boson using some other methods and higher energies, such as those at the LHC. Alternatively, if the Higgs boson doesn't exist then we may end up narrowing the upper and lower bounds until they cross each other. In that case the Standard Model will be wrong and we'll have an interesting day.

    1. Re:To be clear what this means. by JamesP · · Score: 1

      And by the way, does it makes sense to talk about the mass of a particle that seems to be implicated in the origins of mass itself?!

      (Ok, maybe it does, still...)

      --
      how long until /. fixes commenting on Chrome?
    2. Re:To be clear what this means. by Dachannien · · Score: 4, Funny

      These are bounds for the mass of the Higgs boson assuming it exists. If it doesn't exist, this data is meaningless.

      Film narrator: Remember, it's up to us. Bigfoot is a crucial part of the ecosystem, if he exists. So let's all help keep Bigfoot possibly alive for future generations to enjoy unless he doesn't exist. The end!

    3. Re:To be clear what this means. by dr_tube · · Score: 4, Informative

      It makes sense. It 'gives' mass to other particles by interacting with them, 'knocking them back' when they start to move (simplified, but that's the basic idea). It also interacts with itself, giving itself mass in the exact same way it gives mass to other particles.

    4. Re:To be clear what this means. by maxwell+demon · · Score: 0, Offtopic

      Why is that post at -1?

      --
      The Tao of math: The numbers you can count are not the real numbers.
    5. Re:To be clear what this means. by Mitchell314 · · Score: 1

      So if that interaction gives the Higgs boson mass, then the Higgs boson responsible for that also has a mass, which has a Higgs boson...

      Ye gods, I think I found the set of all sets in nature! :P

      --
      I read TFA and all I got was this lousy cookie
    6. Re:To be clear what this means. by biryokumaru · · Score: 1

      Bad Karma.

      --
      When you're afraid to download music illegally in your own home, then the terrorists have won!
    7. Re:To be clear what this means. by telomerewhythere · · Score: 1

      I have a question for you. A real honest to goodness question that I didn't find a clear answer to in Wikipedia. Are Supersymmetry and the Standard Model competing theories or complementary? Or put another way, Do they describe the same thing differently or can both be true? Thank you.

    8. Re:To be clear what this means. by Requiem18th · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Maybe he made an intelligent, informed comment on Apple or some other heinous sin.

      --
      But... the future refused to change.
    9. Re:To be clear what this means. by JoshuaZ · · Score: 1

      My understanding (with the disclaimer that I'm a mathematician not a physicist) is that the analogy between the Standard Model and most supersymmetric extensions is similar to that between Newtonian physics and relativity. The limiting cases agree, so in the sense that one is an approximation for the other, it is an extension. There are some things where they clearly diverge. For example, the Standard Model isn't happy with neutrinos having mass. Most supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model are ok with that. But there are also non-supersymmetric conservative extensions of the standard model which allow neutrinos to have mass. Hopefully the actual physics people here can comment on this in more detail.

    10. Re:To be clear what this means. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      So it accounts for inertial mass, not active or passive gravitational mass (which is done by gravitons?)? Does it interact with zero rest-energy particles?

    11. Re:To be clear what this means. by Hurricane78 · · Score: 2

      that we'll narrow the mass down to a very tiny bound (if it exists) which would be strong evidence for its existence.

      No it wouldn’t. Because that would be like saying: We searched the whole world for Bigfoot, except for this little hut here. So he must be in that hut.

      No he doesn’t. Because you still haven’t proven that he exists at all. :)

      --
      Any sufficiently advanced intelligence is indistinguishable from stupidity.
    12. Re:To be clear what this means. by Hurricane78 · · Score: 1

      How about just talking about its energy. That would be similar to e.g. talking about photon energy and atoms. So it would be a nice wording symmetry.

      --
      Any sufficiently advanced intelligence is indistinguishable from stupidity.
    13. Re:To be clear what this means. by dr_tube · · Score: 0

      Think about it like this: particles get mass (ie inertia, a difficulty accelerating) because they are like a person in a crowd being knocked around by other people (Higgs). But the Higgs have the same problem -- they are also getting knocked around and themselves have difficulty accelerating. If you think about it this way there really isn't necessarily anything 'recursive' about the idea. The reason why some particles don't have mass or don't get knocked around (like the photon) is simply because they don't interact with the Higgs.

    14. Re:To be clear what this means. by M8e · · Score: 0

      You should not talk like that about Peter Higgs and his relatives. They don't knock people around, and there is a lot of people that haven't interacted with any Higgs. Higgs is also very difficult to find.

    15. Re:To be clear what this means. by zero.kalvin · · Score: 1

      No, SM wouldn't be wrong, however This extension of SM would be. I am not saying SM is perfect, there is a lot of problems with it, Mainly the mass problem. But not finding higgs wouldn't mean anything beyond the mechanism itself. SM is just the collection of theories dealing with the different forces. SM work in assuming we already have the mass. Now from a person point of view, as a scientist I would rather not finding the higgs(or any mass-generation mechanism), because that would open the way to changing our entire perception of the subatomic world.

    16. Re:To be clear what this means. by elrous0 · · Score: 1

      IIRC, Steve Austin fought him several times in the 70's. That's proof enough for me.

      --
      SJW: Someone who has run out of real oppression, and has to fake it.
    17. Re:To be clear what this means. by JoshuaZ · · Score: 1

      Not a good analogy. If we consistently got a specific mass range that was very narrow and we kept getting a consistent mass range that would be very hard to explain unless there was an actual object there.

    18. Re:To be clear what this means. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It makes sense. It 'gives' mass to other particles by interacting with them, 'knocking them back' when they start to move (simplified, but that's the basic idea). It also interacts with itself, giving itself mass in the exact same way it gives mass to other particles.

      The first hit is always free...

    19. Re:To be clear what this means. by vegiVamp · · Score: 1

      As in, "each Higgs boson interacts with *other* Higgs bosons, giving them mass in the same way" ? Or does each particle literally interact with itself to give itself mass ?

      --
      What a depressingly stupid machine.
    20. Re:To be clear what this means. by lewiscr · · Score: 1

      The extend the analogy:

      We searched the whole world for Bigfoot, except for this little hut here. There's something we've never seen before inside the hut. So Bigfoot must be in that hut.

  9. Aw shucks... by piemcfly · · Score: 1, Funny

    So much for Europe being the new frontier for science.

    Oh well, I suppose we can always turn the LHC into an expensive underground parking for the Genevans...
    500 park jobs per day at a cheap 10dollars an hour... with luck we'll have our money back somewhere around the year 7010...

    1. Re:Aw shucks... by JoshuaZ · · Score: 4, Informative

      Note that they didn't find the Higgs boson, just got narrower upper and lower bounds on the rest mass. In any event, even if the Tevatron had found the Higgs boson, that wouldn't make the LHC useless. The LHC is going to be used for many things other than the search for Higgs boson. For example, the LHC will be useful for finding supersymmetric particles. If we are to progress at all beyond the Standard Model, such particles almost certainly need to exist. Even given the minimal supersymmetric model http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimal_Supersymmetric_Standard_Model, we still get a lot of other particles. Those particles will be much more easily detectable and analyzable with the LHC than with the Tevatron or any other lower energy collider.

    2. Re:Aw shucks... by hedwards · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Note, they possibly could still do it, it's not out of the realm of possibility that the higgs boson is going to require more than fermilab can throw at it. Additionally if it turns out that the higgs boson doesn't exist, you're probably going to want the LHC and possibly something bigger to really nail it down. Rather than just eliminate the larger sizes. I don't expect that this sort of research will really settle the question unless there's a positive result and somebody actually discovers it.

    3. Re:Aw shucks... by gmuslera · · Score: 1

      If you are talking about the LHC, then Europe won't be the new frontier of the science, will be its event horizon.

    4. Re:Aw shucks... by Ralph+Spoilsport · · Score: 1
      I don't expect that this sort of research will really settle the question unless there's a positive result and somebody actually discovers it.

      So where is your falsifiability? You're saying "If we don't find it this time, keep looking." Well, maybe there IS NO higgs boson, and you need to re-write the standard model. Oh. Well. Popper. Read him.

      --
      Shoes for Industry. Shoes for the Dead.
    5. Re:Aw shucks... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Hearing about all of the cool stuff still coming out of the older particle accelerators only makes me more excited about the LHC. I can't wait to see what it will find out.

    6. Re:Aw shucks... by hamburger+lady · · Score: 1

      i'd agree, but being from the country that shut down the SSC halfway through building, i can't talk. we probably would have already found the higgs by now.

      --

      ---
      Is this the MPAA? Is this the RIAA? Is this the DMCA? I thought it was the USA!
  10. Re:wasteful by Kjella · · Score: 5, Insightful

    wasteful science at it's worst. trying to detect something we can't see, 99.999% (at least) of the worlds population wouldn't care if it was found and finding it would have zero impact on the worlds population. the world of physics and physicists needs to take a good long hard look at itself... and try and work out what it's going to do when the funding runs out... next year

    I'm sure nobody technically gives a fuck about electromagnetic waves either, until we made radios and wireless and microwaves and cell phones
    I'm sure nobody technically gives a fuck about electrons either, until we made TVs and computer monitors (and electricity itself)
    I'm sure nobody technically gives a fuck about photons either, until we made lasers and optical fibers to be the backbone of the Internet

    They're literally trying to understand what creates mass. If you don't think anything useful or cool can come out of that, you seriously lack imagination. But since you're ACing I assume you're trolling and I just bought it.

    --
    Live today, because you never know what tomorrow brings
  11. Re:wasteful by annex1 · · Score: 2, Funny

    I actually had to read your post 3 times, just to see if I could detect sarcasm. The gene pool called and it would like you to GTFO.

  12. Re:wasteful by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Guess What - Your perfect world doesn't exist. whilst 99% of the population may not care (I disagree with this statistic also, by the way) the discoveries made will be beneficial to the future populations of this planet.

    You may not care about that; however you would not be on the internet, you would not have electric power, you would not have a motor vehicle, you would not have a large market full of goods from around the globe, you would actually have a pretty terrible life if it wasn't for early greek mathematicians Pythagoras, Euclid, Archimedes, to name a (very small) few.

    You owe your current lifestyle to these men; and our future generations will owe their lifestyle to our mathematicians and physists - only if they get the funding they need, ney the funding the DESERVE.

  13. Re:wasteful by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0, Funny

    I'm sure nobody technically gives a fuck about electrons either, until we made TVs and computer monitors

    Seriously, what planet are you fucking on? You reckon (laughing to myself) that nobody gave a fuck about electrons until 'we made TVs' ?!?

  14. Re:wasteful by dissy · · Score: 2, Informative

    and finding it would have zero impact on the worlds population

    Do as you say, troll.

    If you don't think computers are of any impact, then you should give yours away and get off the Internet. Both are technology that exists because of science which as you say is pointless.

    I guess to a troll, that statement pretty much is true. One can be an asshole without the aid of any technology.

  15. Re:wasteful by dissy · · Score: 1

    Seriously, what planet are you fucking on? You reckon (laughing to myself) that nobody gave a fuck about electrons until 'we made TVs' ?!?

    Well that is what YOU said after all. Your post, and the one the GP replied to, are both signed the same name.

    You gunna change your mind yet again when you reply to me?

  16. Re:wasteful by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    A serious lack of imagination indeed. The research into the "wasteful science" will probably lead us to zero-pollution energy on a scale we can use. Ahh, but that is not worth pursuing. Now, if you want to get rid of wasteful science, I would strongly consider delaying any manned attempts at Mars for the next 50 years at least. That is all a bunch of ego-driven nonsense.

  17. The LHC goes to eleven by hackerman · · Score: 3, Funny

    but the tevatron does more at ten

    1. Re:The LHC goes to eleven by julien+dot · · Score: 2, Funny

      For $2,000 I'll build you one that goes to 12.

      --
      Julien C.
    2. Re:The LHC goes to eleven by hedwards · · Score: 1

      Ah, but I can do it for $12 in sharpies. Even cheaper.

    3. Re:The LHC goes to eleven by electrosoccertux · · Score: 3, Insightful

      "why not build two for twice the price?"/crazy scientist cancer guy from "Contact"

    4. Re:The LHC goes to eleven by Extremus · · Score: 1

      Sometimes I feel that, if Tevatron succeeds in this task before LHC, it will be difficult to try to convince future politicians and administrators to finance such big science projects, like the LHC.

    5. Re:The LHC goes to eleven by S-100 · · Score: 1

      Unless they are influenced by more birds from the future.

    6. Re:The LHC goes to eleven by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I figure they will see politics and particle physics do not mix. It would have been better to have a LHC institute built and give them the funds instead of having every EU member trying to micromanage things. I bet for every dollar spent in hardware, two was spent on the bureaucracy.

    7. Re:The LHC goes to eleven by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Well i can go one further than that, hedwards.

      I CAN DO IT FOR FREE

      .

      [size is not to scale]

      Additional: i totally never pirated Windows XP to make this very post. Nor did i steal Wi-fi, i posted this on a library computer when researching The Evils Of Open Source.
      And i felt so guilty using the library computer for free that i went out and bought a whole Windows 7.
      Yay for paid software. <3 Bill 'Billy boy' Gates.

      Also, for viewing this post, you now owe me 17 cents.
      [personal information removed]

    8. Re:The LHC goes to eleven by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "Why build one when you can have two at twice the cost?"

  18. Re:wasteful by harmonise · · Score: 2, Insightful

    you seriously lack imagination.

    You misspelled "education."

    --
    Cory Doctorow talking about cloud computing makes as much sense as George W Bush talking about electrical engineering.
  19. Re:wasteful by hedwards · · Score: 3, Interesting

    As opposed to wasting trillions of dollars to destabilize the middle east? Yeah, that's a useful expenditure of tax payer dollars. Perhaps next year we can pay to remove all references to electrons from the chemistry text books while we're at it.

    Seriously, the applications for a lot of this stuff doesn't become apparent until after it's been discovered, I'm not sure what people thought they'd be able to do with Maxwell's equations, but I doubt very much that they thought we'd get super colliders and computers out of it.

  20. Re:wasteful by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    Seriously, what planet are you fucking on? You reckon (laughing to myself) that nobody gave a fuck about electrons until 'we made TVs' ?!?

    He's posting on slashdot. Chances are, he's not fucking on *any* planet.

  21. Re:wasteful by Kjella · · Score: 1

    You reckon (laughing to myself) that nobody gave a fuck about electrons until 'we made TVs' ?!?

    Well to be quite specific I was thinking of electron beams like CRTs, things that'd require you to actually know something about electrons. You can do tons with say chemistry, but you don't really need to know about electrons to mix various compounds. Including making a battery and thus electricity, which predates the discovery of the electron.

    --
    Live today, because you never know what tomorrow brings
  22. Re:wasteful by tyroneking · · Score: 1

    The only thing I think will be useful to come out of this is the coincidental visit of Lexx (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LVshOOG2hcc)

  23. Oh, you must be young. by Singularity42 · · Score: 1

    Such idealism. Problem is, the young don't vote as much. They are also outnumbered by older people anyway. I don't see the democracies that support the collider dropping funding anytime soon. You'll grow up.

  24. Re:wasteful by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I'm not sure what people thought they'd be able to do with Maxwell's equations, but I doubt very much that they thought we'd get super colliders and computers out of it.

    I know Heavyside thought he could simplify them, and thus set back N-dimensional physics by 100+ years...

  25. can a Higgs Boson fly Southwest? by YesIAmAScript · · Score: 3, Funny

    Or is it massive enough that it must purchase two seats?

    --
    http://lkml.org/lkml/2005/8/20/95
    1. Re:can a Higgs Boson fly Southwest? by mhajicek · · Score: 1

      It can only fly on a GeV (Ground-effect Vehicle).

    2. Re:can a Higgs Boson fly Southwest? by hackerman · · Score: 1

      if it's on a GeV, it's not flying, it's riding, you insensitive clod

  26. Re:wasteful by Ambitwistor · · Score: 5, Insightful

    From the Congressional Joint Committee on Atomic Energy, April 17, 1969, regarding the justification for funding the then-unbuilt Fermilab:

    Senator John Pastore: Is there anything connected with the hopes of this accelerator that in any way involves the security of the country?

    Robert Wilson: No sir, I don't believe so.

    Pastore: Nothing at all?

    Wilson: Nothing at all.

    Pastore: It has no value in that respect?

    Wilson: It has only to do with the respect with which we regard one another, the dignity of men, our love of culture. It has to do with: Are we good painters, good sculptors, great poets? I mean all the things we really venerate in our country and are patriotic about. It has nothing to do directly with defending our country except to make it worth defending.

  27. Re:wasteful by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Um, electromagnetic waves are photons.

  28. Re:wasteful by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

    Well said. Fundamental knowledge about the most basic building blocks of reality are useless and a waste of money. That money should have gone to the banking or auto sector.

  29. Bounds are Complicated by mbone · · Score: 3, Informative

    The new data mandates that the Higgs boson mass within the standard model lies between 115 and 150 GeV."

    No, it doesn't. Look at this graph. At a "3 sigma" level (and don't believe any new science that is not at the 3 sigma level or better), the mass of the Higgs (assuming it exists) is roughly between 115 and 225 GeV. To put it another way, a mass greater than the Tevatron exclusion zone at ~160 GeV is by no means ruled out.

    1. Re:Bounds are Complicated by John+Hasler · · Score: 2, Insightful

      > At a "3 sigma" level (and don't believe any new science that is not at the 3
      > sigma level or better),

      So I guess you reject pretty much all of biochemistry and medicine?

      --
      Warning: this article may contain humor, sarcasm, parody, and perhaps even irony. Read at your own risk.
    2. Re:Bounds are Complicated by JohnFluxx · · Score: 4, Informative

      2 sigma means a 95% certainty, and 3sigma means a 99.7% certainty.

      So at just 2 sigma, 1 in 20 times you will get it wrong/fail. I would hope that in medicine and biochemistry, where it matters, that they do use 3 sigma certainty.

      In particle physics, a 5 or 6 sigma certainty is usually used for confirming a new particle, which means that you're wrong only once in a couple of million times (although guessing at the errors is probably itself the most significant error.

    3. Re:Bounds are Complicated by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And now you know the difference between a hard science and a soft science.

    4. Re:Bounds are Complicated by JamesP · · Score: 2, Informative

      2 sigma means a 95% certainty, and 3sigma means a 99.7% certainty.

      So at just 2 sigma, 1 in 20 times you will get it wrong/fail.

      It doesn't work that way...

      I would hope that in medicine and biochemistry, where it matters, that they do use 3 sigma certainty.

      No, they use usually btw 90/95% (if not lower).

      Also, WHAT, 3sigma is a huge space (especially in this kind of experiment).

      --
      how long until /. fixes commenting on Chrome?
    5. Re:Bounds are Complicated by mbone · · Score: 1

      If it is new science, and it is not at least "3 sigma," it is simply not proven IMHO.

      Things are different if you are talking about using scientific results to guide action. Part of the art of leadership is making decisions in the face of incomplete information. So if my oncologist, say, says that there is a 75% chance that my cancer may respond to some new treatment, that may well be good enough. Heck, even 50% may be good enough, depending on how dire my case is. But for the new treatment to be considered to be proven effective, I would like to see a study with at least 3 sigma (or 99.75%) confidence level. And this is after increasing the normal statistical errors by whatever systematic errors might be present (an art in and of itself).

    6. Re:Bounds are Complicated by zero.kalvin · · Score: 1

      Depending whether SuperSymmetry is correct or not. We need SS to allow the increase in mass(in addition to other things). Without SS it has to be between 115 and 150 (taking into consideration the data we have from SM only).

    7. Re:Bounds are Complicated by Rich0 · · Score: 2, Interesting

      So at just 2 sigma, 1 in 20 times you will get it wrong/fail. I would hope that in medicine and biochemistry, where it matters, that they do use 3 sigma certainty.

      I hate to burst your bubble, but in medicine you can't create cancer patients by blasting metals with cathode rays or however you make your particles in your accelerators. You also can store a sample of a quintillion patients in an ion trap. Sample sizes are just a tiny bit smaller in most clinical trials when compared to particle colliders.

      Clinical trials (whether on drugs or other medical techniques) are very rudimentary techniques for determining the effectiveness of treatments, but they're the best we have, and many medical techniques don't even get this level of rigor. Usually their results are only significant at the 95% confidence level, which means that 1 out of every 20 things we "know" in medicine could be completely wrong. Additionally, a significant results often means that there is a barely measurable difference between a treatment and a placebo - the placebo might cure cancer 20% of the time, and the pill might cure it 30% of the time.

      If we just lied to patients and gave them all sugar pills I doubt our standards of health care would drop enough to even be measured, which is pretty sad to think about.

  30. Aether by Barncs · · Score: 1, Funny

    How long will it take to realize that Aether theory had a lot of things right? I don't know much about anything, but I do have a feeling when things feel right. Up until Mr. Einstein, aether was it. The more I see the less I like, and I really wonder how long it will take before science realizes that we are, in fact, in the soup.

  31. You know whats going to happen ? by axonis · · Score: 0

    These Colliders will make some nice wind turbines once they are reprocessed. What goes around comes around.

    --
    bæ8Ã0sÃOE?5r©oÂÃ?âz:ÃÃAÃ?ÃOEÂ6fXÃ?]Â
  32. I'm lost. by DJRumpy · · Score: 3, Interesting

    I would imagine this is how my family and friends feel when I start speaking computer gibberish. I'd consider myself relatively competent to understand basic principles like gravity, mass, weight, etc, but can someone dumb this down?

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Model

    I know that's probably a hopeless request without some sort of basis in this field, but can someone give the "particle physics for dummies" equivalent here?

    I get the impression this is a hunt for some as yet unknown particle?

    1. Re:I'm lost. by domulys · · Score: 2, Informative

      It so happens that there is a "simple English" version of that wikipedia entry:

      http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Model

    2. Re:I'm lost. by mbone · · Score: 1

      At one level, all you need to know is that the Standard Model "needs" this particle - no Higgs Boson, and the Standard Model may fall. Finding the Higgs (and thus its mass) should also help in making predictions in other areas, such as cosmology.

      As for why the Higgs Boson is needed, you might find this interesting.

    3. Re:I'm lost. by DJRumpy · · Score: 1

      Sometimes I'm still amazed at the oddest places that exist on the internet. I find this simple.wikipedia.org link much more 'readable' to the laymen.

      So if I'm reading the 'simple' version correctly, they are tying to narrow down the mass of the mysterious 4th Higgs Boson? These Bosons are the 'conduit' (I apologize if the terminology doesn't fit properly) that this energy flows through from fermion to fermion?

    4. Re:I'm lost. by DJRumpy · · Score: 1

      Is this Higgs particle increasing in mass because the fermion is passing through/near it, or does the fermion increase in mass as a result of passing through/near this Higgs particle? Or am I misunderstanding the mechanics of this and the additional mass is due to the 'clustering' of these fermions in close proximity to each other?

      Thanks for the link. It does help visualize this a bit better.

    5. Re:I'm lost. by Hurricane78 · · Score: 1

      This would be a good start:
      http://btjunkie.org/torrent/TTC-VIDEO-Quantum-Mechanics/3952ebd7c605f10e9562955b4905c88b576299e71a57
      (Very simplified, but as I said: A good start. :)

      --
      Any sufficiently advanced intelligence is indistinguishable from stupidity.
    6. Re:I'm lost. by zmooc · · Score: 5, Informative

      particle physics for dummies

      ALL (anti)matter, ALL forces, fields and waves and everything you can think of consists of particles. I'm not talking about neutrons and protons and the such, but even smaller particles known as subatomic particles or elementary particles. Most of us know the group of particles called quarks, but there are more groups of particle with cool names like leptons (an electron is a lepton) and bosons (a photon is a boson).

      We know that a LOT of nature shows some kind of symmetry; this is the same in elementary particle physics. From this, it has been deduced that several particles not yet detected must exist in order to fill in the gaps in the symmetry. It is those particles we are looking for and they are predicted by the Standard Model, which is an enourmous collection of theories that together attempt to describe our entire universe (with the exception of gravity) (and to unify the newtonian and einsteinian physics).

      Such particles have many hard-to-understand properties like spin, charge, mass etc. What we are looking for, however, is their specific energy. We do this by accelerating matter (protons typically) to incredible speed and then colliding it. In such a collision, enormous energies occur that cause elementary particles to cease to exist and create new elementary particles. All kinds of particles can sort of randomly be created during such a collision, but obviously the collision itself has to be powerful enough to reach at least the energy the particle we're looking for has. So we keep building more and more powerful particle accelerators in order to find these things. What we call the energy of such a particle is a bit complex; it sort of comparable to mass*speed, but that's not all there is to say about this; for example many particles have a fixed speed, namely the speed of light. Therefore, their mass is equivalent to their energy. That's the GeV number we're talking about here. Note that this is incredibly simplified; for example we don't really know the mass of the photon (except that it is 0 in rest, but photons don't exist in rest) but we DO know its' energy since we can measure that. Also, the charge is not factored into this equation. But, in general, elementary particle physicists think in "energy", not in "mass" or "speed".

      Anyway, around the point of collision, enormous detectors have been built that attempt to trap the particles created in the collision. These detectors generate a small electric current comparable to the energy of the particle that collided, which is measured. Think about them as antenna's. After millions and millions of such collisions, patterns start to emerge and we can deduce a specific particle has been created in our collisions. For example, you see a lot of collisions with this energy and a lot with that energy, but none with energy such and so. The result is sort of like a spectrogram (but again, it's way more complex than that).

      So in the case of the Higgs Boson, in this "spectrogram", we're looking for a peak somewhere between 115 and 150 GeV. This is obviously an incredibly simplified explanation, but I think this should make you understand just a bit more.

      --
      0x or or snor perron?!
    7. Re:I'm lost. by bill_mcgonigle · · Score: 1

      I know that's probably a hopeless request without some sort of basis in this field, but can someone give the "particle physics for dummies" equivalent here?

      No, probably not, but if you're interested, I heartily recommended
      Warped Passages by Lisa Randall. She spends first 80 or so pages reviewing physics in a manner accessible to those of us who took it in high school but need a refresher/update. But it does take those 80 or so pages under your belt so you can understand the rest of her book. Hence my apprehension that a comment here could suffice.

      It's a couple years old, so some of the information is probably dated by recent Tevatron and LHC results (IIRC some of the theories reviewed in the book were looking for Higgs to be at 600 GeV?) but the foundation allows current news to make sense.

      Or just wait a couple years, it'll all be figured out by then (if the Euro doesn't collapse and send Europe into chaos...). Understanding the multitude of theories used to shape the search isn't strictly necessary if it's found and plunked into the Standard Model.

      --
      My God, it's Full of Source!
      OUTSIDE_IP=$(dig +short my.ip @outsideip.net)
    8. Re:I'm lost. by mbone · · Score: 1

      You never see "naked" particles in QFT - they are always surrounded by a cloud of virtual particles attracted to them by various forces. The particle you can measure (say, an electron in a cathode ray tube) is always really a composite - the naked particle and its cloud of hangers on. So, the answer to your question is "yes" in both cases.

      The Higgs field was invented to give bosons mass (in the context of the standard model). The story (which I have heard several times, but don't know if it's true) is that Higgs' original paper, on the field, was rejected for not having enough new physics. So, he resubmitted it saying, at the end, by the way this field might give rise to a new particle (i.e., the Higgs Boson), and that version sailed through.

    9. Re:I'm lost. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      A little off topic, but I've always been curious: So if a proton has mass of zero at rest, will an item at absolute zero have no mass as well since that is the temperature that al movement stops? Or is that just in the macro world (including protons, neutrons, ect)?

    10. Re:I'm lost. by zmooc · · Score: 1

      It's not a proton but a photon that has a mass of zero at rest. But photons never are at rest. The question therefore is merely philosofical in nature and one might even say it is bullshit;-)

      --
      0x or or snor perron?!
    11. Re:I'm lost. by chord.wav · · Score: 1

      Thanks mate. Not only you helped parent, but many of us who are legos in this matter. Thanks for taking the time to write it.

    12. Re:I'm lost. by Mike610544 · · Score: 1

      can someone give the "particle physics for dummies" equivalent here?

      I think you'll find that this page makes it all pretty clear.

      --
      ... also, I can kill you with my brain.
    13. Re:I'm lost. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      But photons are never at rest. The question is ... bullshit

      No, you just misunderstand the technique of choosing an inertial frame of reference in which the photon is not experiencing accelerations and is not moving.

      You can do this for a human-scale object like yourself while you're sitting in a chair. You factor out the Earth's rotation, its orbit around the sun, the sun's migration through the galaxy, and so forth. You might even choose to include those objects as if they are in motion above you in the sky, with the sun rising and setting for example.

      With a well-chosen map you can describe any object in a rest frame.

      In his rest frame, a standard human has a rest mass of about 72kg.

      In its rest frame, a photon has a rest mass of zero.

      Rest mass is in effect a resistance to acceleration -- a lot of energy is needed to accelerate a massive object, while a massless object accelerates to the maximum possible speed with the input of any energy at all.

      When an object is in motion or experiencing acceleration relative to an observer, that observer will conclude that the object has momentum or mass-energy; a faster-moving object has greater momentum than a slower-moving one of the same rest mass, or alternatively an object with a higher rest mass has a greater momentum at a given constant speed than an object with a lower rest mass at the same constant speed. Likewise, objects experiencing a higher acceleration are being "fed" more energy (and thus have more mass-energy) than similar objects experiencing a lower acceleration.

      By Galilean Relativity, a photon not experiencing acceleration would consider itself at rest, just as you consider yourself at rest while you are sitting in an airplane in straight and level flight in unturbulent air (thus experiencing only negligible accelerations). That photon, if it measured its own mass, would conclude that it had a zero mass. You, when using a precision balance would conclude you have a mass of about 72kg (assuming you have a normal mass).

      If you use a spring to measure your weight, it would decrease with decreasing acceleration. During acceleration to takeoff, suspending you from a spring would show an increase from about 700 Newtons to a larger number (and angled backwards along the direction of acceleration), and once the acceleration is done the spring would decrease again. It also would show a lower number with increasing altitude, thus revealing the acceleration due to the earth's gravity. If you used a spring to measure the weight of a box of photons, it too would show a higher number of Newtons of force acting on the spring with greater acceleration (airplane engines or gravitation).

  33. I don't think that means what you think it means by SteveFoerster · · Score: 1, Informative

    Troll? Seriously? It was a joke -- if you laughed then mod the guy funny, if not then leave him alone.

    --
    Space game using normal deck of cards: http://BattleCards.org
  34. Unanswered questions still by 93+Escort+Wagon · · Score: 1

    Determining the mass is fine, I guess, but what about size - is it bigger than a breadbox?

    --
    #DeleteChrome
    1. Re:Unanswered questions still by azenpunk · · Score: 1

      Good point. So officially the Higgs Boson is still cheating at twenty questions?

    2. Re:Unanswered questions still by JimboFBX · · Score: 1

      Likewise, does it get wet?

  35. i got the parts at by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    radioshack

  36. Higgs Boston Mass. by CranberryKing · · Score: 1

    Anyone else read it that way?

  37. Re:wasteful by daveime · · Score: 4, Funny

    The banking sector aren't that dissimilar from quantum physicists ... they deal with gigantic magnitudes of imaginary "wealth" that ceases to exists as soon as someone actually scrutinizes the figures and collapses the waveform, causing it all to disappear.

    Still at least we've managed to capture the Madoff Particle.

  38. Re:I'll say it again by IRoll11!s · · Score: 1

    What?

  39. Re:I'll say it again by axonis · · Score: 1

    I think you meant Watt's ?

    --
    bæ8Ã0sÃOE?5r©oÂÃ?âz:ÃÃAÃ?ÃOEÂ6fXÃ?]Â
  40. Re:wasteful by shaitand · · Score: 1

    Funny? I'd mod this insightful

  41. US voltage by GerryHattrick · · Score: 1

    115 GeV? Sounds like Fermilab is on half power too. When Europe gets there at full power, it will surely be 240 GeV. Ever heard of 'mains hum'?

  42. Re:wasteful by sexconker · · Score: 0

    Won't happen.
    When it comes down to it, we've made (and continue to make) the wisest investment of all - weapons.

  43. Please stop this "God particle" nonsense by slb · · Score: 2

    I doubt any physicist would refer to the Higgs boson as "God particle" and that's obviously not the case in TFA. So why kdawson is feeding this idiotic meme ?

    Next time we speak about serious science are we going to refer the research subject's as "pixie dust" or "Satan ichor" ?

    --
    http://www.transparency.org
    1. Re:Please stop this "God particle" nonsense by dylan_- · · Score: 4, Informative

      I doubt any physicist would refer to the Higgs boson as "God particle"

      Except that the phrase was coined by Nobel Prize-winning physicist Leon Lederman.

      --
      Igor Presnyakov stole my hat
    2. Re:Please stop this "God particle" nonsense by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'm sure I heard something about him wanting to call it the "god damn particle", but his publishers wouldn't allow it, or something like that. It was on some radio program I listened to, so I can't check what I remember is accurate, it might have been someone else saying that about naming the Higgs Boson as "the God Particle".

    3. Re:Please stop this "God particle" nonsense by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Except that the phrase was coined by Nobel Prize-winning physicist Leon Lederman.

      ... well sort of. It seems that he used that in a "popular science" book to get a snappy title. Journalists seem to like it, presumably because it helps encourage a nice religion vs science flame war. Personally, I tend to dislike "popular science" books; too many catchy phrases, not enough science.

      I can't speak for scientists, but the mathematicians I know all tend to cringe and mutter under their breath whenever the phrase is used.

      There's an interesting article on it here including quotes from Professor Higgs.

  44. Re:wasteful by Tim+C · · Score: 1

    Whenever anyone questions the value of a particular line of scientific enquiry I remind that we had lasers sat around in research labs for a long time before anyone thought of anything useful to do with them. Now the average person has a few at home, and they form part of the backbone of our entire communications network.

    Just because we can't think of anything practical to do with it now doesn't mean it won't be life-changing at some point in the future.

  45. Re:wasteful by somersault · · Score: 1

    Yeah, that's working out really well for Africa and the middle east so far! Sure will be a lot of fun if your economy completely tanks and you have all those guns lying around..

    --
    which is totally what she said
  46. Re:wasteful by somersault · · Score: 1

    No, no, no! That money should be going to GOD! He's a bit strapped for cash and forgot how to make more after his narcotics binge in the dark ages.

    --
    which is totally what she said
  47. Re:wasteful by Jedi+Alec · · Score: 3, Funny

    The banking sector aren't that dissimilar from quantum physicists ... they deal with gigantic magnitudes of imaginary "wealth" that ceases to exists as soon as someone actually scrutinizes the figures and collapses the waveform, causing it all to disappear.

    Still at least we've managed to capture the Madoff Particle.

    Yay, thanks for that. Now I'm scared to check my bank account balance. So long as I don't look, the money might still be there...

    Schrodinger's Savings and Loans anyone?

    --

    People replying to my sig annoy me. That's why I change it all the time.
  48. The rhic has also done some cool Science by majortom1981 · · Score: 1

    Just released yesterday I think. Some cool new stuff discovered at the rhic at brookhaven national labs. http://www.bnl.gov/bnlweb/pubaf/pr/PR_display.asp?prID=1074 "“This research offers significant insight into the fundamental structure of matter and the early universe, highlighting the merits of long-term investment in large-scale, basic research programs at our national laboratories,” said Dr. William F. Brinkman, Director of the DOE Office of Science. “I commend the careful approach RHIC scientists have used to gather detailed evidence for their claim of creating a truly remarkable new form of matter.”"

  49. Re:wasteful by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    You misspelled "education."

    Ha, you with you fancy selfsignifying education, but can you do *THIS*?

  50. Recycling colliders by damn_registrars · · Score: 1

    every single one of these colliders will be recycled and reprocessed into long term and far more useful gear like wind turbines

    You are right in the first part of that statement, the colliders are being recycled. However I am not aware of any being turned into wind turbines.

    I know someone on the D0 group at Fermi, and was talking about collider fate with him recently. He pointed out that many of the facilities that are now serving as synchrotons (or high-energy light sources, such as Cornell's CHESS) which make significant contributions to structural biology. Currently we have less than 10 synchrotrons in the US - and many more structural biologists - so increasing that total can help a lot.

    However your assertion of "far more useful gear" is a statement of opinion. High energy physics creates a lot of jobs, and a lot of valuable research for the public good.

    --
    Damn_registrars has no butt-hole. Damn_registrars has no use for a butt-hole.
  51. Obligatory Car Analogy by Mattskimo · · Score: 1

    The scientists are searching through a parking lot for a car that may or may not be there. The parking lot is 100ft tall and they have searched the lowest 60 feet of it. If the car exists and conforms to their understanding of what a car is then it will be found by searching the next 40 feet. However, they have ladders and the equipment to keep climbing past the top floor of the parking lot. If they find the car floating 30ft above the top floor of the parking lot they will have to redifine what a car is. Yes that's right, you heard it here first; The Higgs Boson = flying cars. Let's make it happen people.

  52. Great, finally I understand this: by nem75 · · Score: 1

    http://xkcd.com/702/

    Well ...

    ... maybe not.

  53. The "particles" word is unfortunate by Kupfernigk · · Score: 3, Interesting
    Physicists have adopted the word "particles" to mean all kinds of different things, and I think this is a lot of the problem. It made sense when electrons, protons and neutrons first were discovered, because they had a relatively familiar kind of pointlike behavior even though this was not really correct. I have a nuclear physics textbook from the 1930s, and it is really interesting to see the state of confusion they were in at the time. (Memo to global warming denialists: there was also a lot of discussion about whether this stuff was or was not "real" and whether the experiments meant anything. This came to a sudden stop around mid-1945, for some obscure reason. However, I digress.)

    Most people use the word "particle" to mean a small solid object, and I think it is fair to say that quarks, gluons, and the Higgs can't meaningfully be categorised in this way. It is not surprising that early mathematical physicists often emphasised concentrating on the wave equations and not trying to assign physical meanings.

    --
    From scarped cliff or quarried stone she cries "A thousand types are gone, I care for nothing, no not one."
  54. Re:wasteful by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
    Guess What - Your perfect world doesn't exist. whilst 99% of the population may not care (I disagree with this statistic also, by the way)

    If you didn't know this, 26.43% of all statistics are made up on the spot... ;-)

  55. There is no stinkin' Higgs said the t-shirt by sweetser · · Score: 1

    Hello: Time for me to fight the LHC propaganda machine with my own efforts. The unified standard model doesn't need the Higgs mechanism. http://www.zazzle.com/the_stand_up_physicist_said_tshirt-235942932145293980

    --
    Working on new views of old physics at http://VisualPhysics.org
  56. Re:wasteful by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Yes, but that insight didn't help much until we used it to refine how we used light.

    "The light that you see all around you all the time and that had been around since the dawn of time is made up of Photons!!!" == boring (who gives a fuck)

    "I just used quantum mechanical photon theory stuff to come up with this coherent light source." == new, but still boring (who give a fuck)

    "That coherent light source, the laser, can be used for rapid data communication and has hundred of everyday applications." == very useful indeed. (Don't take away my fiber optic connectio or my DVD/BluRay or I WILL KILL YOU!!!!11!!!!)

  57. Re:wasteful by Maury+Markowitz · · Score: 0

    I'm sure if the US cuts the funding, those scientists will get job offers elsewhere, and the United States will be well on the way to becoming a main provider of cheap labor for Mexico and Canada.

    But the same could be said of any science that's no longer fruitful. Yet the US continues to be the world leader.

    Would you spend a billion dollars trying to measure another decimal place of the Stefan–Boltzmann constant? Probably not. However, Tevatron spent well over a decade, and hundreds of millions of dollars, trying to get extra decimal places on the top quark mass.

    This number is basically useless, but they didn't have anything else to do. That's because HEP, at least the Standard Model, is mined out. It's a dead science. All that's been done since the 1980s is bookkeeping. LHC doesn't change that, unless it finds something new and interesting. The jury's out on how likely that is. So the justification, from the start, has been to find the Higgs. And if we do, so what? We already agree that we know what it is, what it does, and about how massive it is. Yet if LHC detects it, the HEP world will circle its wagons, grant some nobels, and talk about what a great job they're doing.

    Of course we know that it's wrong. None of our current theories can *really* account for most of the interesting things we see in our telescopes (contrary to protestations on Ars) so even if we find something like the photino we're still not any closer to understanding the real universe. Dark Energy? Good luck.

    I think there's a lot more physics, both theoretical and practical, in B-E's than LHC. There's still a lot of basic quantum theory to do while everyone got distracted by the big budgets an accelerator commands.

    Maury

  58. Re:wasteful by Maury+Markowitz · · Score: 1

    They're literally trying to understand what creates mass

    No no no, they've already figured that out. Decades ago. You even know the name, "Higgs". We also roughly know the mass. There's very little we don't claim to know, and discovering that doesn't teach us anything.

    The only success we should hope for at LHC is that they *don't* find the Higgs. Then the HEP world will have to face the fact that everyone knows but won't publicly admit, that the SM is almost certainly incomplete. But since we have no idea what would replace it, few are willing to come out and say so. Because then wouldn't be able to get the billions to build these devices, and people might have to get real jobs.

    Maury

  59. Space itself is not a field by sean.peters · · Score: 1

    In fact, the definition of a field is something that assigns a value to every point in space. The EM field associated with a charged particle (which could be moving) assigns E and B vectors to every point in space, for example. You are probably thinking in terms of relativity, which involves the concepts of matter causing space-time to be curved. The trouble is that relativity needs to be reconciled with quantum mechanics - it doesn't give you any insight as to WHY there is gravity. The way to do that is by figuring out what causes gravitational fields, and the way to do that is to find the particle - Higgs - that mediates the field (in the same way that photons mediate the EM field). Space itself, though, isn't a field.

    1. Re:Space itself is not a field by sean.peters · · Score: 1

      Hmm. I sorta misstated what the Higgs is about - rather than actually producing gravity, it's thought to be responsible for causing massive particles to actually have mass. Related, but not the same as what I was talking about... sorry.

  60. You're making it worse by GameboyRMH · · Score: 1

    Seriously, the applications for a lot of this stuff doesn't become apparent until after it's been discovered, I'm not sure what people thought they'd be able to do with Maxwell's equations, but I doubt very much that they thought we'd get super colliders and computers out of it.

    You just told the average idiot that the science they think is useless led to the invention of a giant money-wasting useless science machine, and a toy.

    Here is the list of worthwhile results of science to the average moron:

    Fire, as used in cooking
    Paper, ink
    Firearms
    Automobiles
    Cameras
    Telephones
    Computers (including gaming consoles), as used for facebooking, twittering, porn, gaming
    Cell phones, particularly iPhones and Blackberries

    Try to include some of these technologies into your justifications for scientific endeavors that don't yield immediate, tangible results. Be sure to mention some of them specifically, for example they won't understand integrated circuit -> microprocessor -> small computers -> iPhone.

    So, to fix your statement for you:

    Seriously, the applications for a lot of this stuff doesn't become apparent until after it's been discovered, I'm not sure what people thought they'd be able to do with Maxwell's equations, but I doubt very much that they thought we'd get (redacted) and Xbox360s, facebook, twitter, internet porn and iPhones out of it.

    --
    "When information is power, privacy is freedom" - Jah-Wren Ryel
  61. A couple of errors here... by sean.peters · · Score: 1

    1) You can't get to absolute zero - to get something that cold would require you to chill it with something even colder, which is impossible by definition.

    2) Even if you could get to absolute zero, all molecular motion doesn't stop - the particles still have what's called "zero-point" energy, which means they would still be moving a little. For them to be completely stopped would violate the uncertainty principle: you'd know their position and momentum exactly.

    3) Obviously, just because things stop moving doesn't mean their mass disappears. Does your car become massless when you put it in your garage? For a photon, the concept of "rest mass" is pretty much purely a mathematical idea - they can't ever stop moving, so their rest mass is never directly in evidence.

    1. Re:A couple of errors here... by zmooc · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Apart from that you're completely right, I couldn't resist the urge to come up with some far-fetched counterarguments:Pp

      1) That's not quite true. It is perfectly possible to cool something with "superhot" laser beams; no need to have something even cooler. Therefore, reaching absolute zero is not impossible by that definition. It is only the law of entropy that prevents us from reaching absolute zero. Or so it says.

      2) Since we're reached the purely theoretical/philosophical discussion... zero-point energy only changes with time. So if you'd be able to stop time, it would be possible to stop all molecular motion (which also follows from the definition of motion and time anyway;)). But then again, without time, one cannot observe. We would not even notice if time stopped, maybe it just paused for quite some "time" ;-PPp

      3) I believe (but am not sure) we merely don't know how to stop or slow photons (in a vacuum, that is). No known force can do it nor does there appear to be a gap in our knowledge in which such a force might eventually be found. So it is very likely that it is impossible indeed, but as far as I'm aware there's no proof of that.

      Never say never;-)

      --
      0x or or snor perron?!
  62. It's fair to say, though... by sean.peters · · Score: 1

    ... that the overall particle physics community is not real enthusiastic about the "God particle" terminology. There's nothing particularly "god-like" about it.