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Scientists Use Sex-Crazed Bugs As Pesticide

ByronScott writes "In today's 'gross news' category, some female insects just might be getting lucky. As an alternative to toxic pesticides, scientists at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem have created 'super-sexed' sterilized male leafhoppers to knock bug boots with females in the wild, resulting in decreased populations. Yes, that means that the female bugs will miss out on the joys of motherhood, but the idea that the insects will be having some fun instead of being gassed to death by poisons is pretty cool."

107 comments

  1. Disease by DJRumpy · · Score: 0, Offtopic

    How long before unsafe sex becomes a concern? This smacks of the 60's for grasshoppers. Free love (as in beer). Woot!

  2. QFTS by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    "but the idea that the insects will be having some fun instead of being gassed to death by poisons is pretty cool" That's assuming it's at all fun for them. For all we know, sex among animals is painful, messy and downright disturbing... Kind of like the first time you did it. (Oblig /. troll: it's slashdot, we're all virgins)

    1. Re:QFTS by Eric+Smith · · Score: 2, Insightful

      In some cases, probably a lot worse than the first time you did it. horrific beetle sex

    2. Re:QFTS by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Interesting

      Or, like the bed bug, which has more recently evolved into bypassing the reproductive tract altogether--the male pierces the female in the abdomen and injects his sperm into her ovaries directly. Of course, they're pretty horny buggers, and they do the same to other males.

    3. Re:QFTS by mhelander · · Score: 1

      "Gas is to merciful, send out the sex crazed rape squads!"

  3. Cool ! by gr8_phk · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Wait 'til somehow one slips in with the super-sexed modification but not the sterilization.

    1. Re:Cool ! by vxice · · Score: 4, Informative

      from tfa "uval and his team are using a high-protein, bacteria enhanced “stud” breakfast to feed to the males before they’re released." The bugs aren't genetically super sexed but due to eating habits are more attractive.

      --
      every anarchist is a baffled dictator. Benito_Mussolini
    2. Re:Cool ! by Sir_Lewk · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Nature... finds a way.

      --
      "linux is just DOS with a UNIX like syntax" -- Galactic Dominator (944134)
    3. Re:Cool ! by CityZen · · Score: 2, Interesting

      It seems likely as it's really hard to breed a bunch of sterile bugs! :-)

    4. Re:Cool ! by thms · · Score: 1

      Or wait until evolution does its work (I know she hates to be anthropomorphized). While males come from a controlled lab environment, the fact that they are fed a special diet to outcompete wild, fertile males could be enough to create a selection pressure which produces a new type of female that avoids these lab-males.

    5. Re:Cool ! by santax · · Score: 4, Funny

      So... and where can I get such a breakfast?

    6. Re:Cool ! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0, Funny

      I remember hearing about an implant for males that was remote control operated, and was basically a little sphere that expanded on command, thus closing the vas deferens or whatever its called and preventing ejaculation. At the time i was all 'womans rights foundations has a bazillion offices and the national mens rights committee is staffed by an 80 year old working out of his living room' so I was not happy. Then I had sex for the first time. amazing how attitudes change. also grasshoppers or something.

    7. Re:Cool ! by quickpick · · Score: 1

      Wait 'til somehow one slips in with the super-sexed modification but not the sterilization.

      is that like dark matter for penguins?

    8. Re:Cool ! by Korin43 · · Score: 1

      Not to mention that if having constant sex was a benefit to the species, they'd already be doing it.

    9. Re:Cool ! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Isn't that what they said about the dodos?

    10. Re:Cool ! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      stop it you markov troll

    11. Re:Cool ! by Foobar+of+Borg · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Nature... finds a way.

      No, a lot of times it really doesn't.

    12. Re:Cool ! by EdIII · · Score: 2, Funny

      selection pressure which produces a new type of female that avoids these lab-males.

      Evolution will give here the ability to have spontaneous headaches?

    13. Re:Cool ! by Dante · · Score: 1

      You know you are right, I bet it is a Markov chain....

      --
      "think of it as evolution in action"
    14. Re:Cool ! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      LMAO

    15. Re:Cool ! by clintonmonk · · Score: 1

      But sometimes it does.

    16. Re:Cool ! by Metasquares · · Score: 1

      It's just part of the process. Designs die out; new ones rise up to fill the niche.

    17. Re:Cool ! by Sulphur · · Score: 1

      I bet it is a Markov chain....

      Or in this case a Markov ball and chain...

    18. Re:Cool ! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      So far, nature hasn't hit any dead ends it couldn't find a way around.

  4. Sounds like something I've seen on TV before by ForestGrump · · Score: 1

    So what makes the "super sexed" males so, well, sexy and irresistible to the females? Yuval and his team are using a high-protein, bacteria enhanced "stud" breakfast to feed to the males before they're released. The formula should significantly improve their sexual performance.

    All natural male enhancement that works? And is legit?

    --
    Is it true that more people vote for the winner of American Idol, than vote for the president? -Ali G.
    1. Re:Sounds like something I've seen on TV before by ceoyoyo · · Score: 2, Funny

      You'll be irresistible to bugs.

    2. Re:Sounds like something I've seen on TV before by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yeah but they're female!

  5. Nothing New Here. by lobiusmoop · · Score: 5, Informative

    Sterile insect technique. Developed in the 1950's.

    --
    "I bless every day that I continue to live, for every day is pure profit."
    1. Re:Nothing New Here. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Quoting your article:

      "Biotechnological approaches based on genetically modified organism (transgenic organisms), still under development, are promising; however since no legal framework exists to authorize the release of such organisms in the nature"

      We're you trying to confirm or invalidate the previous comment?

    2. Re:Nothing New Here. by R3d+M3rcury · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Actually, I looked over the various articles and it doesn't mention anything about using Biotechnological approaches. What seems to be new and exciting, according to the articles, is that they're feeding the males something which is supposed to be make them more enticing to the females so that the females will be more interested in the sterile males than the non-sterile males.

      I remember hearing about the sterile insect technique back in high-school in the 70s. Even the articles in question say that the concept isn't new--the only new part seems to be using attractive males.

  6. spanish fly by vxice · · Score: 1

    from TFA "uval and his team are using a high-protein, bacteria enhanced “stud” breakfast to feed to the males before they’re released." I wonder if they use spanish fly?

    --
    every anarchist is a baffled dictator. Benito_Mussolini
  7. Tiger Woods Gene by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I heard they grew the bugs with some of Tiger Wood's blood and that made them all crazy.

  8. Great by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Now we just need this in a human female version

  9. A very green solution, except... by sirrunsalot · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Fascinating, but I can only imagine this is a very expensive solution to implement since the sterilized males must be specially bred, and, well, it's not exactly a self-propagating solution. Of course, that's also a benefit since as far as solutions that tamper with biology go, self-limiting processes can't very well get out of control. The article doesn't discuss what effect one male has or any practical implications of the solution.

    Although the technology certainly doesn't exist to implement it, I wonder what would happen if some sort of genetic time-bomb—something like the mechanism for the Hayflick Limit—were used to create a bug that reproduces for a while, then it's descendants become sterile. It would still be self-limiting, more potent than one bug, and still pesticide-free! Well the hard part of scientific discovery is done, now it'll only take fifty years of toil in the lab to achieve it...

    1. Re:A very green solution, except... by jadin · · Score: 1

      Of course, that's also a benefit since as far as solutions that tamper with biology go, self-limiting processes can't very well get out of control.

      But my grandpa said all the dinosaurs were girls...

    2. Re:A very green solution, except... by Raptoer · · Score: 1

      The sterilized males are usually created using radiation, get a bunch of males together and irradiate them. Some may die, the rest will be sterile, although they may be weaker than wild insects. They've discovered a way to overcome the weakness in the sterilized males by feeding them a super diet.

    3. Re:A very green solution, except... by R3d+M3rcury · · Score: 1

      Just make sure you patent it so you can make money in 50 years...

    4. Re:A very green solution, except... by antifoidulus · · Score: 2, Funny

      And of course as a side effect the various irradiated bugs bite unsuspecting field trip students and imbue them with super powers. I cannot wait until Grasshopper-Man starts solving crimes!

    5. Re:A very green solution, except... by Cryacin · · Score: 2, Funny

      No I didn't! Just grandma.

      --
      Science advances one funeral at a time- Max Planck
    6. Re:A very green solution, except... by pclminion · · Score: 3, Informative

      Fascinating, but I can only imagine this is a very expensive solution to implement since the sterilized males must be specially bred

      The technique has been used worldwide with other insects for decades. You may not even know it ever existed, but there used to be flies which laid larvae in your flesh, where they would gestate and then eat their way out of your body. Yeah. Not nice. We got rid of that this way. (Not globally -- the species remains in a few other places)

    7. Re:A very green solution, except... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I've heard of them. They've got two mouths, have concentrated acid for blood, and apparently enjoy covering walls in goo.

      We got rid of [it]... (Not globally -- the species remains in a few other places)

      Yeah, derelict ships in space might still have a couple.

  10. Death by Snoo-Snoo by bsDaemon · · Score: 5, Funny

    nuff said.

    1. Re:Death by Snoo-Snoo by madsenj37 · · Score: 4, Funny

      Fry: Goodbye, friends. I never thought I'd die like this. But I always really hoped.

      Zapp Brannigan: We need rest. The spirit is willing, but the flesh is spongy and bruised.

      --
      Choosing the lesser of two evils is a choice for evil.
    2. Re:Death by Snoo-Snoo by Ichijo · · Score: 1

      What's "Snoo"?

      --
      Any sufficiently unpopular but cohesive argument is indistinguishable from trolling.
    3. Re:Death by Snoo-Snoo by karlwilson · · Score: 1

      *siiiiigh*

    4. Re:Death by Snoo-Snoo by TheThiefMaster · · Score: 2, Informative
    5. Re:Death by Snoo-Snoo by smoyer · · Score: 2, Funny

      Nothing much ... what's snoo with you?

  11. Free as in beer? by Attack+DAWWG · · Score: 1

    Free love (as in beer). Woot!

    Uh, since when did grasshoppers ever pay for love or even sex? What would they use for money, anyway?

    1. Re:Free as in beer? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Assuming you're married or have a girlfriend, you would know that you pay. Maybe not in dollars in cents, but you pay...

    2. Re:Free as in beer? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Assuming you're married or have a girlfriend, you would know that you pay. Maybe not in dollars in cents, but you pay...

      Dude, if you married a grasshopper, you have bigger problems than money...

    3. Re:Free as in beer? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And in dollars and cents too if we're being honest here.

  12. Wait a minute... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    So they are going to introduce effectively a new specie to bring the population of another specie back (despite it being both grasshoppers here).... Great plan, I mean what could could possibly go wrong?

    1. Re:Wait a minute... by Raptoer · · Score: 1

      Same species, just sterilized and fed an amped up diet. This has been used in the past (especially with mosquitoes) without the amped up diet.

  13. Hmm by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    "In today's 'gross news' category, some female insects just might be getting lucky. As an alternative to toxic pesticides, scientists at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem have created 'super-sexed' sterilized male leafhoppers to knock bug boots with females in the wild, resulting in decreased populations.

    What does the Torah say about pre-marital sex?

    I kid I kid, don't be so fahklumpt!

    1. Re:Hmm by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What does the Torah say about pre-marital sex?

      I kid I kid, don't be so fahklumpt!

      Is that supposed to be jew-talk?

  14. insect sex is not fun by Gearoid_Murphy · · Score: 3, Interesting

    insect sex is notoriously violent, insects do not use sex as a bonding mechanism so there's no pleasure, in the sense we know, associated with it. Many different species have developed various strategies to work around this, such as scrapers on the end of the males penis to remove rivals sperm. I kid you not, god help me, I'm after a bottle of wine and can't be bothered finding the link.

    --
    prepare the survey weasels.
    1. Re:insect sex is not fun by antifoidulus · · Score: 3, Informative

      Supposedly the human male's penis is also designed to remove other male's sperm from the vaginal tract.

    2. Re:insect sex is not fun by oljanx · · Score: 1

      Party pooper.

    3. Re:insect sex is not fun by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Interesting

      PZ Myers on beetle sex: You want to put WHAT in my what??!?

    4. Re:insect sex is not fun by MartinSchou · · Score: 1

      So you're telling us that sloppy seconds is better from a reproductive point of view?

    5. Re:insect sex is not fun by mdwh2 · · Score: 2, Funny

      From the link, "two surveys of college students showed that sexual intercourse often involved deeper and more vigorous penile thrusting following periods of separation"

      There I was puzzled as to why having a good hard fuck seemed a good idea after a period of separation, but now I know - obviously it's just to remove someone else's semen.

  15. Old technique, but it works by Captain+Nitpick · · Score: 5, Informative

    The sterile insect technique dates to the 1950s, and has been used with great success in suppressing the screw-worm (eradicated in the US in 1982). An animal infested with screw worm maggots can die simply from the tissue damage as the maggots "screw" into their flesh. It's one of the few species against which there is an intentional attempt at extermination, and I can't disagree with it.

    The technique inspired the Nebula Award-winning science fiction story The Screwfly Solution. In the story, the technique does not so much go wrong as horribly right.

    --
    But then again, I could be wrong.
    1. Re:Old technique, but it works by d_54321 · · Score: 1

      If I had mod points, I'm not sure if I'd mod this informative or funny.

  16. Do they have lots of $100's? do they play golf? by Joe+The+Dragon · · Score: 1

    Do they have lots of $100's? do they play golf?

  17. This is disgusting and sinful! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0, Troll

    Sex should be for procreative purposes ONLY! :-P

    1. Re:This is disgusting and sinful! by sowth · · Score: 1

      Yeah, it's all fun and games until somebody puts an eye out!

  18. FAIL by Hurricane78 · · Score: 2, Insightful

    The bug will not only have sex with one, but many male bugs. And one of them will have working sperm. Done.

    Maybe making the females sterile would make a bit more sense. ^^

    For database designers: It’s a one-to-many relationship.

    --
    Any sufficiently advanced intelligence is indistinguishable from stupidity.
    1. Re:FAIL by Cazakatari · · Score: 1

      This is true, the only reason this technique was so successful with screwworm is because the females only mate once. So all they got were duds from

      By the same principle, sterilizing females would have no effect if the males mate with more than one female.

    2. Re:FAIL by Cryacin · · Score: 4, Funny

      Actually, usually for database designers it's a one to zero relationship.

      --
      Science advances one funeral at a time- Max Planck
    3. Re:FAIL by turing_m · · Score: 1

      Actually, usually for database designers it's a one to zero relationship.

      Initiate enough union queries and eventually you'll start seeing results. The first results will likely not be what you had hoped for but over time you may manage to debug your querying process and even optimize it. As soon as you think you've got a handle on it, child processes start spawning uncontrollably, your performance will drop through the floor and the rest of your life becomes one long death march.

      --
      If I have seen further it is by stealing the Intellectual Property of giants.
    4. Re:FAIL by Bobb+Sledd · · Score: 1

      And be careful not to union all... Ensure all your selects are distinct and make your inner joins properly. (I prefer joining on the table, myself.) (Others prefer self-joining while viewing.)

      --
      "They said I probly shouldn't fly with just one eye," "I am Bender. Please insert girder."
  19. The tough part by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The hardest part was making a Porsche small enough for the Leafhopper to attract the female leafhoppers.

  20. Sterile? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Life... finds a way.

    1. Re:Sterile? by R3coiler · · Score: 1

      With insights like that, you could be a Hollywood screenwriter! Let's see, there's one about dinosaurs we can put you on!

  21. Mixed feelings by GUmeR · · Score: 1

    Higher intelligence made lower intelligence go and make sex like crazy. Now imagine that WE are at the lower end, and some hypothetical super-human AI on higher end (it made us go and have sex like crazy, so we don't eat it's resources). It would be pleasurable, but still.... not sure if that would be optimal situation :/

  22. Invasive Stranger by b4upoo · · Score: 2, Interesting

    A sterilised insect is actually a foreign entity. I do recognise that feeding the population involves killing insects but a surplus of these insects might be good for the environment when it occurs. It seems that we are trying to micro manage an environment that we really do not understand. My area is loaded with pythons, monitor lizards, iguanas, a three foot long exotic rat, many species of parrots and more plants than I can name all of which are foreign to Florida. The funny thing is I enjoy most of the invaders that our government makes war upon. I particularly like fishing for huge talapia as well as rainbow and peacock bass. All three of those fish are foreign species.

  23. Now.. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Now they just need to make these sterile studs' sperm/penises either
    A. Sterilize the female
    B. Kill the female

  24. Imagine this with humans by voss · · Score: 5, Funny

    doc: "Good news Is youre gonna get laid all the time, but you wont be able to have kids"
    Guy:"Doc dont hold back, whats the bad news?"

  25. Nature always finds a way... by Hamsterdan · · Score: 1

    Seriously, STOP Playing GOD... Nature will find a way, and might even create a new species that is *WAY* more dangerous to crops.

    Many things were deemed safe until they found out otherwise. I'm pretty sure GenX and previous remembers Thalidomid. Many crippled or dead children.

    Thay are many more examples but it's the only one that comes to mind at that late hour. Seems a human being needs 8 Hours of sleep *PER DAY* , not per week :)

    --
    I've got better things to do tonight than die.
    1. Re:Nature always finds a way... by Hamsterdan · · Score: 1

      On another note, Am I the only one having that problem? I can only click on the first half of a line to position the cursor while typing.

      WinXP (Up to date) FF 3.6 (Up to date)

      --
      I've got better things to do tonight than die.
    2. Re:Nature always finds a way... by Boronx · · Score: 1

      "Seriously, STOP Playing GOD..."

      This isn't a game.

    3. Re:Nature always finds a way... by weirdo557 · · Score: 0

      but i almost have the high score

  26. What scienists say by istartedi · · Score: 3, Insightful

    What scientists say: (insert abstract followed by lengthy, scholarly work which includes some mention of sex).

    What journalists hear: SEX, SEX,SEX,SEX,SEX,SEX,SEX,SEX... Oh, BTW SEX!

    The preceding was an homage to Gary Larson author of The Far Side.

    --
    For all intensive purposes, "whom" is no longer a word. That begs the question, "who cares"?
  27. Please don't... by ciotog · · Score: 2, Funny
    "the idea that the insects will be having some fun..."

    Insects hate anthropomorphization.

  28. E-birth control? by fragMasterFlash · · Score: 2, Insightful

    How many unwanted pregnancies could be prevented if Ecstasy tablets included a dose of birth control hormones? Club kids would make wonderful lab rats.

  29. Tiger Woods? by elfleco · · Score: 1

    No Tiger Woods related jokes yet? Is this slashdot or what?

    1. Re:Tiger Woods? by selven · · Score: 1

      Nah, Tiger Woods is for the plebs. Over here we have civilized humor. For example:

      In Soviet Russia, sex-crazed pest bugs you!

    2. Re:Tiger Woods? by ascari · · Score: 1

      FTIW I'm working on an Irish catholic priest joke...

    3. Re:Tiger Woods? by Locke2005 · · Score: 1

      Bad analogy. Tiger Woods isn't sterile, and didn't use condoms.

      --
      I've abandoned my search for truth; now I'm just looking for some useful delusions.
  30. possum by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    the board of tourism would like to remind you to call the "three foot long exotic rat"s possums.
    you have no idea how much pr has been used to make people believe giant rats don't exist.

  31. Need treatment!! by curtisadlar · · Score: 1

    Perhaps they do need to go to rehab. http://topgradeacaiextreme.net/

  32. No, it is just that women ain't faithful by SmallFurryCreature · · Score: 2, Interesting

    The scraping is true and happens in all species where the female has no concept of fidelity. You can also judge the fidelity of the female by the relative size of the male balls. The bigger, the more sperm he produces. NOT to fertilize the egg, but to flood out his rivals sperm and create a protective covering against further attempts.

    Biology, messing with your preconceptions.

    --

    MMO Quests are like orgasms:

    You may solo them, I prefer them in a group.

  33. Bug porn on my vegibubbles ? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Well pesticides were never fantastic, but now you're telling me my fresh produce had front row seats, and was more often that not probably the stage, for rampant bug sex ?

  34. What about people? by Dr.Syshalt · · Score: 1

    You mean that if we supercharge human libido with pr0n, pr0n-like clips on TV, semi-naked girls everywhere *and* give them contraceptives - the population will start quickly decreasing? Oh.. It's good no one have tried anything like that.

  35. Evolution will work around this by cryfreedomlove · · Score: 1

    This will work for a short time but it is a certainty that there are females out there now that can detect and prefer the fertile male partners over the infertile male partners. Natural selection will favor the resulting offspring that all will inherit this stronger ability to select the fertile males. Then this technique will be, ahem, neutered. Read The Beak Of The Finch if you do not believe me. It has a chapter devoted to the long term ineffectiveness of pesticides.

  36. They tested it on humans first. by AlexLibman · · Score: 0

    The test version was called 20th century liberalism.

    The result on fertility rates was equally catastrophic, except of course full extinction will require a lot more than just 2-3 generations.

  37. Missing tag by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    unfunfunf

  38. When tweetle beetles bonk it's called... by turing_m · · Score: 1
    ...a tweetle beetle jottle. And when they jottle in a bottle it's called a tweetle beetle bottle jottle.

    AND when beetles from a bottle have a fizzle with their jizzle it's called a bottled beetle jizzle fizzle. AND...

    when beetles from these bottles with the fizzle in their jizzle eat a brekkie that is specky and battle beetles for a jottle...

    they call this a fizzled jizzled specky brekkied bottled beetle jottle battle.

    --
    If I have seen further it is by stealing the Intellectual Property of giants.
  39. Remember Killer Bees? by Parstron · · Score: 1

    Haven't these so called scientist learned anything from that little Killer Bee incident??? @#$%% Next thing you know these bugs will be chasing your cat trying to mate with her.

  40. That explains it by Locke2005 · · Score: 1

    So, Rick James was actually a biologically engineered pesticide?

    --
    I've abandoned my search for truth; now I'm just looking for some useful delusions.
  41. Sex on fruit by Graham+J+-+XVI · · Score: 1

    Gee thanks, now when I eat fruits or veg I'm going to be thinking of bugs having sex on it.

    1. Re:Sex on fruit by unitron · · Score: 1

      Well, fruits and vegetables generally result from some bug having helped the plant have sex in the first place.

      --

      I see even classic Slashdot is now pretty much unusable on dial up anymore.

  42. Inconceivable! by Noam.of.Doom · · Score: 1

    As I told you, it would be absolutely, totally, and in all other ways inconceivable.

    --
    It is the universe that makes fun of us all.
  43. Re:Your sig... by unitron · · Score: 1

    Is your sig a direct quote of someone else?

    I ask because the actual phrase is "for all intents and purposes".

    Oh, and I disagree about the "no longer a word"-ness of "whom".

    --

    I see even classic Slashdot is now pretty much unusable on dial up anymore.

  44. Re:Your sig... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Personally, I could care less.

  45. Some spiders "pay" a female, as to distract her. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The much smaller male spider puts a fly in her face to distract her while he focuses on her "no-no spots" like an ol' man on the 5-cent slutmachines back in vegas.

  46. Traumatic insemination!! by SheeEttin · · Score: 1

    You think THAT'S bad? How about the insect that realized "Hey, we have open circulatory systems... I can just stick it in anywhere and the sperm could probably get to an egg!"... and then proceeded to evolve weaponized penises (now there's a nice phrase) so that they could just puncture the female's carapace and inject semen, instead of trying to coerce the female into the right position. You know what the female's response was? Evolve a second set of genitals on its back.

    What, you don't believe me? Wikipedia has an article. With pictures.
    (Okay after reading the article again I don't see any reference to a second set of genitals. Maybe my memory made that part up, but it does discuss female evolutionary reactions.)