Slashdot Mirror


Company Builds Fast Charging Station For Electric Cars

thecarchik writes "Japanese based JFE Engineering has released its ultra-fast charge station. Designed to comply with the CHAdeMo standard developed by Tokyo Electric Power Company, Nissan, Mitsubishi, Subaru and Toyota, the system is capable of charging a 2011 Mitsubishi i-Miev from empty to 50% full in just three minutes. Even just three minutes plugged into the fast-charge station was enough to enable a standard 2011 Mitsubishi i-Miev to travel a further 50 miles before further charging was required."

359 comments

  1. Some quick math says... by JesseL · · Score: 4, Interesting

    This thing is putting nearly a quarter megawatt (240kw) drain on the power grid during use.

    I wonder if it has some sort of means of load smoothing and a limited duty cycle, or if it's going to need its own substation.

    --
    "Prefiero morir de pie que vivir siempre arrodillado!"
    1. Re:Some quick math says... by MichaelSmith · · Score: 5, Insightful

      I would be inclined to stand back before switching the power on. And I don't think I would leave the kids in the car during the charging operation.

    2. Re:Some quick math says... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

      350*70=24.5 kW, not 240

    3. Re:Some quick math says... by shadowblaster · · Score: 2, Informative

      The article says it's only 62.5KW per charging station.

    4. Re:Some quick math says... by c0lo · · Score: 4, Informative
      From TFA (close to the end):

      But for retail locations and gas stations, the 62.5 kW power requirements of each charger should not be impossible to accommodate in all but the remotest of locations.

      In addition, even the remotest location can accommodate it: just install a generator burning gas (I'm kidding but only half-kidding: remote locations in which you can currently refill your tank will have petrol and a generator will consume less per kWh generated than the car's petrol engine...be it only because it doesn't need to change gears/etc).

      --
      Questions raise, answers kill. Raise questions to stay alive.
    5. Re:Some quick math says... by TooMuchToDo · · Score: 5, Insightful

      It will probably rely on some sort of capacitor-based local storage, so it'll always be drawing power from the grid, but at a steady pace awaiting the next charge.

    6. Re:Some quick math says... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

      ...16kWh battery pack of the Mitsubishi i-Miev...

      ...charging a 2011 Mistubishi i-Miev from empty to 50% full in just three minutes

      50% of 16kWh is 28800000J. 28800000J divided by 180 seconds (3 minutes) is 160000 J/s, or 160kW.

    7. Re:Some quick math says... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      mod parent up^ 24,500w = 24.5 * 1000 w/kw

    8. Re:Some quick math says... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Interesting

      if your troll is not even funny... then what's the point?

    9. Re:Some quick math says... by Animats · · Score: 3, Informative

      I wonder if it has some sort of means of load smoothing and a limited duty cycle

      Yes, it does. One of the charging stations described itself has a battery, for load smoothing purposes.

      That's a win for stations without heavy power available. But busy stations are going to need a high-current feeder, so that can charge one car after another during busy periods.

    10. Re:Some quick math says... by adolf · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Hmm. Kind of like a Chevy Volt.

      I just did some quick Googling, and 62.5kW worth of dedicated genset is around $13k to $25k for generating equipment alone. So, to pick a number, it might cost a remote service station $80k to install a single generator-backed rapid charge station (including installation, signage, fancy Toyota-approved hardware, profit, etc).

      It wouldn't take a huge amount of regular demand for such a thing to be practical, but I'd think that $80k would still a pretty big chunk of money for such a remote place, which brings up a pretty big catch-22: There won't be demand until facilities exist, and facilities won't exist until there is demand.

    11. Re:Some quick math says... by Vegemeister · · Score: 0

      If capacitors could reasonably store enough energy to drive a car 50 miles, they'd already be doing it.

    12. Re:Some quick math says... by ardle · · Score: 1

      Ok then: use the grid power to create Hydrogen, keep that in a tank until it's needed to re-generate electricity :-)

    13. Re:Some quick math says... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Huh? That's be nice, but that kind of cap technology is still quite a ways away, or utilities would already be using them for demand smoothing.

    14. Re:Some quick math says... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0, Offtopic

      You have much to learn about dysfunctional behaviour grasshopper ...

    15. Re:Some quick math says... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      fuck you, fuck math, fuck physics

      i'm out

    16. Re:Some quick math says... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      peanuts. A single gas pump provides 30 MW! It'll be a loooong way

    17. Re:Some quick math says... by c0lo · · Score: 1

      So, to pick a number, it might cost a remote service station $80k to install a single generator-backed rapid charge station (including installation, signage, fancy Toyota-approved hardware, profit, etc).

      ...I'd think that $80k would still a pretty big chunk of money for such a remote place, which brings up a pretty big catch-22: There won't be demand until facilities exist, and facilities won't exist until there is demand.

      Well, my guess is: not too soon. I mean: how many times you think someone would choose to drive in remote locations using a car with a mileage of 50-100 m per full-tank? Not only that, but also be in a hurry and ask for a rapid charge?
      (I reckon this translates into: what do you think is the ratio of fools/stupids into the population?)

      --
      Questions raise, answers kill. Raise questions to stay alive.
    18. Re:Some quick math says... by wvmarle · · Score: 1

      TFA mentions 62.5 kW draw. Probably using some local storage (capacitors or so) for the actual push when charging a car. That's also nicer on the net instead of all the time those spikes.

      And indeed 62.5 kW is not that much. At home I have an electrical water heater that draws 21 kW. And that's just half what I have available. The two floors below me have the same amount of power available.

    19. Re:Some quick math says... by Sillygates · · Score: 1

      This thing is putting nearly a quarter megawatt (240kw) drain on the power grid during use.

      The quick charging station probably has some sort of means to store charge (e.g. large capacitors [boron/carbon nanotube supercapacitors?]), which can be charged over a great amount of time, and then quickly dissipated in to the automobile.

      --
      I fear the Y2038 bug
    20. Re:Some quick math says... by Calinous · · Score: 1

      You can simplify the computation:
            You need 8 kWh in 3 minutes (or 1/20 of an hour). So, that's 20 * 8 kWh, or 160 kW (that isn't including any losses).
            Your typical electric oil-filled radiator's power is about 2 kW, just to make a little comparison.

    21. Re:Some quick math says... by Calinous · · Score: 1

      Residential single-phase maximum power in Romania is limited to some 6 kW (220V times 25 Amps). If you want more, you need three phase power (which costs more, and might be or might not be available).

    22. Re:Some quick math says... by Calinous · · Score: 0, Troll

      Capacitor storage is 50% efficient

    23. Re:Some quick math says... by captainpanic · · Score: 4, Interesting

      I would be inclined to stand back before switching the power on. And I don't think I would leave the kids in the car during the charging operation.

      But you're happy to have your kids in a car while you fill it up with 50 liters of some toxic and highly flammable liquid or even gas.

    24. Re:Some quick math says... by MichaelSmith · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I would be inclined to stand back before switching the power on. And I don't think I would leave the kids in the car during the charging operation.

      But you're happy to have your kids in a car while you fill it up with 50 liters of some toxic and highly flammable liquid or even gas.

      You don't have to heat the fuel tank to do that.

    25. Re:Some quick math says... by Idiomatick · · Score: 1

      *sigh* I thought /.ers were better than this.

    26. Re:Some quick math says... by MichaelSmith · · Score: 1

      Why?

    27. Re:Some quick math says... by adolf · · Score: 1

      I think we see things differently.

      Where "full-tank" I read "full battery." And where "in a hurry," I read "unwilling to stay overnight."

      Please rewrite your comment to correct these contextual errors and I'll be happy to attempt to read what you have to offer and respond.

      (And please realize that I live in the US, where there's almost always another service station (currently serving gasoline) within 50-75 miles of the last one, even in remote areas.)

    28. Re:Some quick math says... by Teancum · · Score: 1

      I honestly think this is a very valid concern, considering the energies involved and in particular noting that most electrical storage devices that work in this manner have had run-away discharges and other problems that have caused burns with even something as simple as a laptop recharger. For an electric automobile, it is about 100x the energy and even larger problems considering the voltages involved here.

      So again, why did you think slashdotters were "better than this"?

      For me, it sounds like somebody who actually has a clue about stuff like this raising a legitimate question for unproven technology.

    29. Re:Some quick math says... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      But you're happy to have your kids in a car while you fill it up with 50 liters of some toxic and highly flammable liquid or even gas.

      Hey that's nothing... on long car trips it's common for someone to fill the car with a toxic and flammable gas. Then someone just opens a window.

    30. Re:Some quick math says... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That is only a catch if you do nothing but reason about it. In practice everything is not going to change overnight and we are going to see a slow adaption to electric vehicles. Give it a timespan of 25 years or so and it really isn't much of a catch.

    31. Re:Some quick math says... by Teancum · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Presumably this is going to be something that would be installed in a commercial business where the recharging station would be something that would justify the expense and infrastructure access for industrial power consumption. The research is also being done in Japan, where issues of getting the raw infrastructure necessary for this to happen are not really a problem either as long as you have the money (again, not in short supply for business purposes in Japan).

      I've used as much as a megawatt for industrial purposes on a single machine before, and that particular facility didn't really have any significantly different power supply than most other medium to small factories for the city that I live in. I've certainly seen similar power supply boxes that serviced convenience stores that typically dispense gasoline, so "upgrading" to something like this would be relatively trivial.

    32. Re:Some quick math says... by dilvish_the_damned · · Score: 3, Funny

      Capacitor storage is 50% efficient

      Maybe they could use twice as many capacitors at half the size to get 100% efficiency. Assuming they use the good half.

      --
      I think you underestimate just how much I just dont care.
    33. Re:Some quick math says... by SenseiLeNoir · · Score: 1

      And you forget the key point, these cars can be charged home overnight, and for a slow charge overnight, it can be plugged into the normal home supply.

      --
      Have a nice day!
    34. Re:Some quick math says... by Calinous · · Score: 1

      Or use four times the capacitors at 25% capacity and get to 200% efficiency.

    35. Re:Some quick math says... by CrimsonAvenger · · Score: 1

      At home I have an electrical water heater that draws 21 kW.

      Your electric water heater draws 190 amps? Or perhaps one 95 amps it's 220V?

      Jaysus, I'm not sure I could get my house to draw that much current.

      --

      "I do not agree with what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it"
    36. Re:Some quick math says... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Battery replacement/rental (like propane tank) makes more sense and is safer for "fast charging". Charge them slowly in a back room and swap them out like an oil change in less than 5 minutes...

    37. Re:Some quick math says... by Teancum · · Score: 1

      Just where do you think some of these quick charge stations are going to be located? In some National Forest Service campground bordering a federally designated wilderness?

      This would be something that would presumably be installed together with other kinds of energy sources at a convenience store where you currently can buy gasoline, natural gas, propane, and other sorts of fuels. Where I live at, the building permit alone to perform a remodel would be about $15k+, and $100k for a simple remodel to change the facade of the store would be comparable.

      Seriously, I don't think this would be a huge problem in terms of somebody willing to invest that kind of money, other than it would be tough to convince an owner of such a business that they would be able to recover the investment for that kind of service. On the positive side, there are a fairly large number of electric vehicles that are starting to be produced by multiple companies (Nissan Leaf, GM Volt, Tesla Model S... to name a few right off the top of my head) where infrastructure is already starting to be put into place.

      For an interesting blog entry on how this is already happening at least on a smaller scale, I would suggest reading this:

      http://www.teslamotors.com/blog/oh-canada-our-tesla-roadster-arrives-british-columbia

    38. Re:Some quick math says... by GaryOlson · · Score: 2, Funny

      You forget, when items of the same functional type interact, they multiply. 50% x 50% = 2500%.

      --
      Every mans' island needs an ocean; choose your ocean carefully.
    39. Re:Some quick math says... by tehcyder · · Score: 1

      if your troll is not even funny... then what's the point?

      To provoke a response, which you did.

      --
      To have a right to do a thing is not at all the same as to be right in doing it
    40. Re:Some quick math says... by tehcyder · · Score: 1

      There won't be demand until facilities exist, and facilities won't exist until there is demand.

      I know this is heresy on slashdot, but couldn't the government help kick start things, maybe with some low interest loans or something?

      --
      To have a right to do a thing is not at all the same as to be right in doing it
    41. Re:Some quick math says... by wvmarle · · Score: 1

      No just 31 A. 3-phase power, 380V. Though we usually lower the power to it's lowest setting, hot enough. We have 64 A, 3-phase power to this apartment. And yes that are some pretty thick cables downstairs where the main fuses are.

    42. Re:Some quick math says... by v1 · · Score: 4, Interesting

      You don't have to heat the fuel tank to do that.

      True. But instead, you're venting HIGHLY flammable AND explosive gasses out of the tank and back down the hose into the station's tank. Most people don't know about that. (liquid gas by itself is NOT explosive, it's merely flammable - gas vapor OTOH is highly explosive, which is why we use it for fuel) When you're pushing 15 gallons into the tank, there's a reason there's not a whoosh of gas vapor out around the nozzle from the displacement occurring.

      They do that of course (1) as a safety measure and (2) to save a buck or two in the long run, as that vapor goes back to the storage tank (instead of sucking in air to replace the lost gas) and some of that will condense back into gas for them to sell.

      Know what happens when there's a problem with the vapor backflow? Nothing. Well, maybe a kaBOOM but what I mean is there's no safety on it. Know what happens when the temps get too high or current inrush spikes? The fast charge system halts the fill. So you see, it's actually safer than a gas quick fill. There's a computer carefully watching many aspects of the charge all the time.

      The gas station really is already giving you a quick-fill, by bending the safety of the system a bit. Don't you hate it when you happen to use a pump somewhere on a road trip that's really SLOW? I remember having to wait 10 minutes for a fill once, in the dead of winter on a road trip. I waited inside, and when I got outside it had JUST finished... AND had just started gushing fuel all over the ground because the full-shutoff failed. (probably the pump and the shutoff were both having issues with the cold, it was well below zero, and it was diesel fuel)

      Also after watching the video you will notice he waited for a FULL charge. They slow down the rate when it gets closer to full. The article states 50% charge in 3 minutes, and yet it took him over 10 to get 100% charge, so the remaining 50% requires 7 more minutes. Probably a higher ratio than that even, as he said he didn't get it fully discharged. Looks like they're probably taking the conservative side of safe on this still.

      --
      I work for the Department of Redundancy Department.
    43. Re:Some quick math says... by commodore64_love · · Score: 1

      Gasoline really isn't that flammable. You could toss a match into a bucket of gasoline and nothing would happen. And diesel isn't flammable at all (no vapors).

      >>>they're probably taking the conservative side of safe

      They have to. As a battery approaches full you HAVE to slow down, else you will damage it. In fact I bet this fast charge is already shortening the battery's life by a significant amount
      .

      --
      "I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it." - historian Evelyn Beatrice Hall
    44. Re:Some quick math says... by commodore64_love · · Score: 1

      When you pour gasoline into a car, that's all you're doing - just moving the fluid from one spot to another.

      When you charge a battery, you are ALSO doing an energy conversion from electrical to chemical. That's much more hazardous. If something goes wrong, in the best case you kill your battery (excess heat), and in the worst case it blows up sending shrapnel everywhere

      --
      "I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it." - historian Evelyn Beatrice Hall
    45. Re:Some quick math says... by oldspewey · · Score: 1

      You could toss a match into a bucket of gasoline and nothing would happen.

      Wrong. What would happen is the ever-present layer of gasoline vapour would ignite, and then the remaining liquid gasoline would burn vigorously and hotly until the bucket was finished.

      Don't believe me? Go lock yourself in a linen closet somewhere with a bucket of gasoline and a pack of matches and spend some time running experiments.

      --
      If libertarians are so opposed to effective government, why don't they all move to Somalia?
    46. Re:Some quick math says... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And Radioactive. Crude Oil is radioactive from the ground. Why do you think Oil workers are ill in the Gulf? Radon and more.

    47. Re:Some quick math says... by drinkypoo · · Score: 1

      It will probably rely on flywheels since they are much more efficient than caps in this context. Flywheels have long been built with maglev bearings and in partially-evacuated containers which make them "leak" less energy than caps.

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
    48. Re:Some quick math says... by Raenex · · Score: 1

      Gasoline really isn't that flammable.

      Reread what your parent post said about the venting of vapors. Then read this:

      http://www.snopes.com/autos/hazards/static.asp

      "Unlike many Internet-circulated warnings, there is a fair bit to this one -- fires at gas pumps are on the rise, and static electricity is considered one of the likely culprits in this increase."

      You can find videos online as well.

    49. Re:Some quick math says... by drinkypoo · · Score: 1

      Most people don't know about that.

      If most people can't read shit like "EMCO-WHEATON VAPOR RECOVERY NOZZLE" then most people can DIAF. At the gas station, or otherwise.

      Know what happens when there's a problem with the vapor backflow? Nothing. Well, maybe a kaBOOM but what I mean is there's no safety on it.

      That's false. There is an inadequate safety in the form of that stupid collar. Also in practice they pretty much always over-adjust so you can't pump your fucking fuel.

      Know what happens when the temps get too high or current inrush spikes? The fast charge system halts the fill.

      Just like the vapor recovery system, you have to trust that the sensors are working for that.

      The gas station really is already giving you a quick-fill, by bending the safety of the system a bit. Don't you hate it when you happen to use a pump somewhere on a road trip that's really SLOW? I remember having to wait 10 minutes for a fill once, in the dead of winter on a road trip. I waited inside, and when I got outside it had JUST finished... AND had just started gushing fuel all over the ground because the full-shutoff failed.

      I guess you can't read the part about staying by your vehicle during filling. That makes a whole lot of people who can't read.

      Also after watching the video you will notice he waited for a FULL charge. They slow down the rate when it gets closer to full. The article states 50% charge in 3 minutes, and yet it took him over 10 to get 100% charge, so the remaining 50% requires 7 more minutes. Probably a higher ratio than that even, as he said he didn't get it fully discharged. Looks like they're probably taking the conservative side of safe on this still.

      If you charge modern batteries incorrectly you murder them easily. Looks to me like they're probably just trying to charge the batteries correctly.

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
    50. Re:Some quick math says... by elrous0 · · Score: 1

      Most states in the U.S. still don't even have a single *regular* charging station (outside of California, Oregon, and maybe Washington State there are almost none). I don't exactly see a line forming to buy one of these expensive quick-chargers.

      --
      SJW: Someone who has run out of real oppression, and has to fake it.
    51. Re:Some quick math says... by CrimsonAvenger · · Score: 1

      Still one hell of a water heater. I'm curious if you've ever run out of hot water there....

      --

      "I do not agree with what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it"
    52. Re:Some quick math says... by toQDuj · · Score: 1

      ... which is inherently one of the most inefficient things one could do..

      --
      Every experiment which ends in a big bang is a good experiment.
    53. Re:Some quick math says... by wvmarle · · Score: 1

      It's actually quite small. About 25x60x15 cm. It's instant heating, no reservoir, so indeed as long as you have water and electricity at full blast you have really hot water as much as the water pipe can handle (some 8-10 litres per minute or so), as much as you want. These things are actually quite common here in Hong Kong, said to be more power efficient than the reservoir type heaters.

      One problem is that when the water reaches our home the temperature is at 25-30 C already, so we need only very little hot water to reach 37-38 C, and at that low flows the heater tends to switch off. So in summer I usually just shower "cold". If having a shower during daytime in the high rise where I lived before I always had to wait for the cold water to become comfortably cool instead of literally burning hot (sun heating the water pipe which is on the outside wall).

    54. Re:Some quick math says... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Gasoline really isn't that flammable. You could toss a match into a bucket of gasoline and nothing would happen

      That makes me think of the Safety Kleen guy who would come & swap out the solvent at a shop I used to work at. Despite all the flammable liquid notices, he said that lots of the tanks he'd pick up had cigarette butts in them. People would just stub them out in the liquid. Would try it myself, with gas or Safety Kleen, but there you go.

    55. Re:Some quick math says... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      GP provoked a response?

    56. Re:Some quick math says... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Because they work with Oil, a known toxic substance in close proximity in high temperatures for extended periods of time?

    57. Re:Some quick math says... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      In the Parents defense, they did say quick math, not accurate math.

    58. Re:Some quick math says... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The solution is power banks at charging stations. Unfortunately huge battery banks would probably be prohibitively expensive. If only we had ultracapacitors... come on carbon nanotubes! Charging stations would put a normalized draw on the grid, storing it in the capacitor for rapid discharge into the vehicle. Peak power issues and charging times solved!

    59. Re:Some quick math says... by mpe · · Score: 1

      Most people don't know about that. (liquid gas by itself is NOT explosive, it's merely flammable

      Actually the liquid isn't especially flammable. What burns is the vapor (gas) which also provides plenty of radiant heat to boil a large quantity of liquid.

      gas vapor OTOH is highly explosive, which is why we use it for fuel)

      In order to explode it needs to be mixed in the right ratio with air (or something else which will oxidise the fuel). This rarely happens inside a fuel tank.

      I remember having to wait 10 minutes for a fill once, in the dead of winter on a road trip. I waited inside, and when I got outside it had JUST finished... AND had just started gushing fuel all over the ground because the full-shutoff failed.

      In most places fuel pumps have a spring loaded "trigger" those which can be locked on only appear to be found in the US, where the "feature" is actually intended to enable an employee to service several vehicles at once. When it's someone from each vehicle doing the filling such an an arrangement will result in both fuel spills and fires.

      (probably the pump and the shutoff were both having issues with the cold, it was well below zero, and it was diesel fuel)

      Diesel won't even burn in liquid form...

    60. Re:Some quick math says... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Don't know about your country, but in Brazil you are required by law to step outside the car (all ocupants) during refueling of cars converted to use natural compressed gas.

    61. Re:Some quick math says... by skids · · Score: 1

      It's a volume/weight/expense thing. At a stationary installation the first two do not matter.

      You could have a bank of these but a flywheel or flow battery would likely be cheaper at this moment in time.

    62. Re:Some quick math says... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      But instead, you're venting HIGHLY flammable AND explosive gasses out of the tank and back down the hose into the station's tank. Most people don't know about that.

      I've only seen vapor recovery systems in cities with smog problems. None of the gas stations I go to have them and last I checked they weren't on fire.

    63. Re:Some quick math says... by SleazyRidr · · Score: 1

      If it's cold enough, sure you can dip a lit match into fuel and watch the match die from lack of oxygen. Usually isn't that cold where people live though...

      I totally agree with you point about battery life though. I'm wondering if this is a new type of battery, or maybe the result of some research to suggest that batteries are already more robust to this type of thing than we give them credit for?

    64. Re:Some quick math says... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      and leaving the fuel pump for any reason is just a dumb ass idea to begin with

    65. Re:Some quick math says... by Rei · · Score: 3, Informative

      noting that most electrical storage devices that work in this manner have had run-away discharges and other problems that have caused burns with even something as simple as a laptop recharger.

      Misconception: "All batteries are the same".

      Reality: Different battery chemistries have *very* different properties. Excepting Tesla and their partners, the types of batteries you find in EVs are *not* the same type you find in laptops. They're a chemistry chosen specifically for dramatically greater stability and longer life (at the cost of some energy density). And even in Tesla's case, they put *way* more safety measures into their batteries than you find in a laptop pack. Each cell is kept inside of a "can" to prevent failures from propagating to other cells, for example.

      In catastrophic failures, traditional li-ion/li-po cells burn vigorously, while phosphate cells smoke and manganate cells do nothing (as a general rule).

      --
      Trump's plan to get rid of Mueller appears to be 'be so guilty of so many things that Mueller works himself to death.'
    66. Re:Some quick math says... by Rei · · Score: 3, Interesting

      When you charge a battery, you are ALSO doing an energy conversion from electrical to chemical. That's much more hazardous.

      Defend your assertion that storing energy in chemical bonds is more dangerous than forcing combustible fuel-air vapors from a gas tank by injecting more gasoline.

      If something goes wrong, in the best case you kill your battery (excess heat), and in the worst case it blows up sending shrapnel everywhere

      Name a single modern electric car that *either* of these have happened to. There were thousands on the roads in the late '90s/early '00s, and there's now thousands of Tesla Roadsters. Heck, point me to a single case of a phosphate or a manganate cell exploding under *any* circumstances. These things are used for power tools, RC planes, etc now, you know.

      The sort of abuse these cells can take is just absurd. Have you seen A123's latest cells? Check them out. They're pumping 300A into 15Ah cells and they're barely getting warm from it. These sort of cells can be discharged down to zero, ran under extreme temperatures, and all sorts of other stuff, no problem.

      --
      Trump's plan to get rid of Mueller appears to be 'be so guilty of so many things that Mueller works himself to death.'
    67. Re:Some quick math says... by Rei · · Score: 1

      Ah, the charge rate misconception!

      First off, gasoline vehicles use their energy input about 1/5th as efficiently as EVs (give or take). Secondly, your numbers are wrong. Gasoline is 132MJ/gal. The EPA forbids refilling at faster than 10gpm, so the legal max is 1320MJ/m, or 22MW. So we're actually down to 4.4MW electricity-equivalent at the maximum flow rate. But on top of this, EVs are generally built more efficiently than gasoline vehicles (better aerodynamics, for example).

      Next, the time spent filling is not most of the time spent. Let's look at a typical refill scenario.

      1) You decide you need gas.
      2) You pull off onto an onramp and decelerate from highway speeds (~0.5m lost)
      3) You turn down the surface street and drive to the gas station (~0.5m)
      4) You turn into the gas station and drive to a pump (~0.5m)
      5) You turn your engine off, unbuckle, pop your gas tank, get out of your car, and unscrew the gas cap (~0.5m)
      6) You select your fuel type, pick up the pump, and insert it into your gas tank, then start fueling (~0.5m)
      7) You fuel (~1m)
      8) You disconnect the pump and pay (~0.5m)
      9) You put the gas cap back on, get in your car, put your seatbelt back on, and restart your engine. (~0.5m)
      10) You drive back out of the gas station and turn back onto the surface street (~0.5m)
      11) You drive down the surface street back to the highway (~0.5m)
      12) You accelerate back to highway speeds (~0.5m lost)

      Total: ~11m

      Now, what happens if we increase that 1m fuelling time to 10m fuelling time? Despite an order of magnitude increase in fill time, the time lost merely doubles to ~20m.

      But that's not the end of the story. Because the reality is that people rarely drive long distances nonstop (and they never *should*). Driving without breaks is dangerous, as studies have shown that your accident rate rises. Trucking companies often mandate breaks for their drivers. Government transportation agencies the world over often have recommendations on how much time you should have off the road (usually about 5 minutes average per hour driving). Rest areas are built specifically for this purpose. And even ignoring deliberately taking a break, people eat meals, too, and that's downtime.

      You can't really get much of a break while fuelling with gasoline, unless you stop to go in and buy something to eat, use the restroom, etc. And if you were charging during that, then that isn't wasted time at all. If you were charging while at a rest stop, that wouldn't be wasted time, either. If you were charging while eating lunch, that's not wasted time. So there's no practical difference between the daily distance travelled of a long-range rapid-charged EV and a gasoline vehicle unless you're trying to (with added risk) drive great distances without any breaks (meal, restroom, stretch, etc). And even then, it's a small percent difference.

      Now, obviously, we're not quite to that point. But we're closer than most people realize. The biggest thing that's missing is not tech, but infrastructure and pricing. We can make rapid-charging EVs with hundreds of miles of range -- but they currently cost too much. Aerovironment makes chargers as big as 800kW -- but they're not exactly available at every rest stop right now. These are the things that must change for EVs to become a universal replacement for gasoline cars. Until then, they're primarily "second cars" in two-car households.

      --
      Trump's plan to get rid of Mueller appears to be 'be so guilty of so many things that Mueller works himself to death.'
    68. Re:Some quick math says... by Rei · · Score: 3, Funny

      Let me complete your sentence:

      "Capacitor storage is 50% efficient," I wrote on the electrical engineering exam that I failed.

      --
      Trump's plan to get rid of Mueller appears to be 'be so guilty of so many things that Mueller works himself to death.'
    69. Re:Some quick math says... by hairyfeet · · Score: 1

      Not only that but I have yet to see any concrete numbers showing that electric cars are any more "green" than an Earth Day slogan painted with lead paint. The simple fact is at current tech batteries suck, they're heavy, full of nasty toxic crap, and every test I've seen is run under "ideal conditions" which unless you go from one climate controlled garage to another an electric car will never see. Then you figure in a battery life of 3-5 years, and a cost to replace of at least $6000, probably more, and the only "green" I see is the cash leaving your wallet.

      While I am all for finding alternatives and ways to pollute less, I simply haven't seen any hard data showing electric cars are the way to go. The increased drain on the grid will have to be dealt with somehow, and with the NIMBYs having a shitfit at nuclear and natural gas being so volatile in price, my bet is it would end up being coal, which as we all know is worse than ICE when it comes to pollutants! I still think smaller, more efficient vehicles is the way to go, along with increased rail and other mass transport.

      Hell in many of the rural states there is pretty much ZERO mass transport, even though much of the mass travel is easily predicted. In my home state a pair of trains running between the capital and the outlying counties would cut down on more pollution without the problems like batteries and draining the grid. I truly think our energy and transportation problems can be solved, but sadly like everything else in Washington bribery...err I mean "campaign contributions" will ensure we head down the wrong road.

      --
      ACs don't waste your time replying, your posts are never seen by me.
    70. Re:Some quick math says... by Agripa · · Score: 1

      I am not sanguine that electric vehicles produced by multiple competing manufacturers (or even just a single manufacturer like GMC) will not result in multiple incompatible charging standards or even worse, DRM limited charging.

      Third party charging is theft!

    71. Re:Some quick math says... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You are not taking into account the ability to re-fuel with electricty at home.

      There is no home option for gasoline fuel.

      The majority of electric car owners will not be using charging stations in the beginning... as the overnight charging is enough to fillup and use the full day for commute to work/groceries/school/restaraunts, etc. So most EV purchasers will not be concerned about the lack of filling stations for long distance travel during their regular daily usage. Also, the cost of electricity will undoubtably be cheaper from home then a corporate based filling station... so there is less demand to use it unless needed.

      I truly believe that the Electric car is going to take civilian transportation by storm over the next 2 years. In the switch over process, the drive is going to suddenly realize that the concept of going to gas stations once or more a week is just going to vanish. On the green side, drivers will come to realize how efficient and powerful electric motors are... how our electric grid is far superior/efficient/green at converting (whatever) fuel to electric then our combustion engines are at converting gasoline to energy in our existing cars.

      The final discovery will be when drivers wake up and realize the electricity is one of the few fuels they can produce on their own property. Wind/solar technology can produce fuel for your EV car and will do so for us all eventually. Just try making gasoline on your own property.... be sure to get permission from the city before drilling ;-)

      Full Disclosure: I own an electric scooter with these stats...
      - 1 year old and 5437 km (3400 miles)
      - 0.19 litres per 100km (1238 pmg)
      - daily average distance: ~ 15km (9.3 miles)
      - daily average cost: ~ 2 cents CDN (1.88 cents USD)

      Funny:
      - equivalent fuel I could purchase with the all money I spent buying electricity to travel 5437 km: 6 litres of gasoline (1.6 gallons)
      - how much it would cost for electricity to drive this to the moon: ~ $10,000 CDN ($9400 USD)

      Now my scooter is light. But I assure you that for the average North American driver... the coming EV cars are going to result in incredible fuel cost savings. And there will be little discussion about those who are forced to continue with gasoline due to their long distance travel requirements (I feel sorry for them).

      Consumers will not just buy EV cars because the fuel savings is so great... they will also buy EV cars because of their desire to reduce their CO output. ie: greenness. I don't think when most people who compare combustion to electric seem to get the incredible demand for greener products, the social pressures to do so... and the willingness of the consumer to pay significantly more in order to know that they are polluting less. Recent tragic accidents around oil extraction/production will also move consumers to spend more money on future/alternate fuel sources. Just look to the SmartCar consumer in order to see how the public is willing to pay more for less to get greener. The total cost of the SmartCar is much more then a slightly larger but equivalent economy car. The fuel savings brings the total cost down, but not enough to warrant the higher sticker price. So we see that people are willing to pay more in total cost for a vehicle in order to know that it uses less fuel compared to doing the same thing for less cost yet less green.

      And don't even start with: "but the electric grid is supplied by COAL (or other dirty fuels)". Don't say that anymore. It is a stupid comment. When I travel over 5000 km and pay only the equivalent cost of 6 litres of fuel all year... even the least intelligent among us will realize that the fuel being burned at the power station is being used in a far more efficient way then the burning of fuel inside a car's combustion engine. And finally, electricity can be produced in multiple ways. Here in Canada, hydro dams are often used and therefore are very clean. But in the great sense, electricity can be produced by all sorts of "gre

    72. Re:Some quick math says... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You have a discrepancy because he didn't quick charge. He said it took, probably, 10-15 minutes and he was draining the battery. So, he started much lower than 50% and I'm guessing the battery requests a lower current to avoid damage in that case.

      I don't see how he could have got anywhere near charged up in 10-15 minutes that way though. It must do slow charge up to 50% then a quick charge.

    73. Re:Some quick math says... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It doesn't need to be efficient. It needs to be portable. Nuclear reactors are the most efficient energy source we have but they are impractical for cars. Battery powered cars are also impractical they take to long to charge.

    74. Re:Some quick math says... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      How does that help you when you aren't at home? What if you live in an apartment? How do you prevent someone from unplugging your car and steeling your electricity?

    75. Re:Some quick math says... by splashbot · · Score: 1

      It all depends on the capacitors ESR. "The lifetime of supercapacitors is virtually indefinite and their energy efficiency rarely falls below 90% when they are kept within their design limits. Their power density is higher than that of batteries while their energy density is generally lower. However, unlike batteries, almost all of this energy is available in a reversible process." ( http://www.cap-xx.com/resources/reviews/strge_cmprsn.htm ) As the man in the video said, the reason why electric vehicles are not yet all over Britain is 'unknown' . If this is an attempt to explain a technical shortcoming of EV tech then you have failed. May I suggest you look at the established energy industry and what effect it might have on them for a more informed answer.

    76. Re:Some quick math says... by RobertLTux · · Score: 1

      "True. But instead, you're venting HIGHLY flammable AND explosive gasses out of the tank and back down the hose into the station's tank."

      could you provide some sort of documents on vapor being recovered by a system that is provably 1 way??

      oh btw By Saint Adair please do not ever rely on the auto shutoff thing because it relies on several things to be correct including that you have the nozzle completely in the filling port.

      btw if you are clocking a gallon in like 10 seconds flat outbound you can't be allowing anything to be going back up the hose.

      --
      Any person using FTFY or editing my postings agrees to a US$50.00 charge
    77. Re:Some quick math says... by v1 · · Score: 1

      could you provide some sort of documents on vapor being recovered by a system that is provably 1 way??

      Wikipedia is among the hits describing vapor recovery at the pump.

      Imagine the increased danger of filling your tank when for every gallon of fuel you pumped in, close to a cubic foot of concentrated gas vapor gushed out around the nozzle. Just thinking about that gives me a headache, a common reaction to inhaling gasoline vapor.

      And it's referred to as "Vapor Recovery" when filling underground station tanks from the trucks. Google for "gas pump vapor recovery" for more information. I'd actually not considered that before seeing it just now, but it's probably equally important when filling the station tanks. Just imagine the cloud of gas vapor hanging around the big tanker truck by the time it's done offloading on a calm day.

      --
      I work for the Department of Redundancy Department.
    78. Re:Some quick math says... by Thing+1 · · Score: 1

      Driving without breaks is dangerous, as studies have shown that your accident rate rises.

      Yes, as does your stopping distance! :)

      --
      I feel fantastic, and I'm still alive.
    79. Re:Some quick math says... by bhiestand · · Score: 1

      Gasoline really isn't that flammable. You could toss a match into a bucket of gasoline and nothing would happen

      That makes me think of the Safety Kleen guy who would come & swap out the solvent at a shop I used to work at. Despite all the flammable liquid notices, he said that lots of the tanks he'd pick up had cigarette butts in them. People would just stub them out in the liquid. Would try it myself, with gas or Safety Kleen, but there you go.

      Cigarettes != lit matches... I've put cigarettes out in gasoline plenty of times. IIRC, cigarettes don't burn hot enough to ignite gasoline vapor, let alone vaporize gasoline and have enough energy left to ignite the resulting vapors.

      --
      SWM seeks new sig for a brief fling
    80. Re:Some quick math says... by MattskEE · · Score: 2, Informative

      I assume you're referring to the famous two capacitor problem, where charging an empty capacitor from a charged capacitor will always lead to 50% energy loss, once steady state is reached. The trick is that in order to reach steady state there must be loss in the system. The inefficiency applies if you use only a resistance (e.g. of wiring and a relay/switch/mosfet/whatever) to limit the current into the capacitor. If on the other hand an inductance is used to limit current then efficiency can be close to 100%.

      http://www.smpstech.com/charge.htm

    81. Re:Some quick math says... by Calinous · · Score: 1

      Thanks, it was a long time since I've had that problem. Yes, it was related to "only use" capacitors and resistors.

    82. Re:Some quick math says... by Teancum · · Score: 1

      Reality: Different battery chemistries have *very* different properties. Excepting Tesla and their partners, the types of batteries you find in EVs are *not* the same type you find in laptops. They're a chemistry chosen specifically for dramatically greater stability and longer life (at the cost of some energy density). And even in Tesla's case, they put *way* more safety measures into their batteries than you find in a laptop pack. Each cell is kept inside of a "can" to prevent failures from propagating to other cells, for example.

      Considering that Tesla has the only production electric vehicle with a battery other than a lead-acid battery, that is a pretty bold statement to make. Yes, I'm aware of the fact that different battery chemistries have an impact in terms of the stability of the storage medium, but all cell types have advantages and disadvantages that all have to be accounted for when working on something like an automobile.

      I'll openly admit that there are several companies who have experimental battery concepts including multiple approaches in terms of chemistry and elements used in those cells. There are even some promising technologies that might even be uniquely suited to automotive applications where their use in ordinary consumer devices is not appropriate or too complicated.

      My point is that the safe charging of an electrical power storage device that is to absorb well over 25 kilowatt-hours of energy in less than 4 minutes is hardly a trivial application, and I would indeed be concerned about the safety of doing that. Assuming this is a 220 Volt circuit, it is still about 1700 Amps, or about 17 time the maximum power rating for electrical energy going into servicing my entire home. Comments about having access to a neighborhood power sub-station seem very appropriate when viewed from this perspective.

      If you don't think those kind of power and charge loads are a wholly different domain than a home recharger, I am helpless to explain anything different here. To safely recharge an automotive battery, it takes time.

      I certainly think extreme skepticism is very much in order here and the burden of proof that this is a safe procedure is something that would have to be furnished by the group asserting that this is a safe process when in fact any other application of this kind of energy load... particularly in the form of electrical energy... is something that is automatically considered dangerous in any other context and something only a professional electrical engineer specializing in power systems ought to attempt, much less a skilled master electrician.

      Any time electrical energy on this magnitude is being switched at a power sub-station or for something like an electrified train, it happens in either a place with a locked door or behind a chain link fence with barbed wire on top and at least a ten foot perimeter from any potential on-looker from even being close to that equipment. And you expect me to believe that you would let a two year old hang out in a car where electrical connections to a vehicle are being connected within inches of that kid's car seat with those same voltages and power ratings?

    83. Re:Some quick math says... by Rei · · Score: 1

      Considering that Tesla has the only production electric vehicle with a battery other than a lead-acid battery, that is a pretty bold statement to make

      Correction: only production electric vehicle on the road; virtually all automakers are working on making at least one commercial electric vehicle (i.e., not just a concept), for sale within the next couple years. I could list about three dozen models for you. And they're essentially all li-ion, and none of them (except Tesla and their partners) are using laptop cells. It's virtually all phosphates and manganates. And even that refined statement is not really true. BYD and a number of electric motorcycle and freight truck companies are already on the road with li-ion vehicles. Again, not using laptop cells.

      My point is that the safe charging of an electrical power storage device that is to absorb well over 25 kilowatt-hours of energy in less than 4 minutes is hardly a trivial application

      Trivial? No. Doable? Absolutely. Doable en masse? Absolutely.

      Assuming this is a 220 Volt circuit

      It's not. This is level 3 charging, which is DC, variable voltage which tracks the pack's optimal charging voltage (for li-ion EVs, generally in the 300-500V range). Supply is generally 3-phase 480V.

      Comments about having access to a neighborhood power sub-station seem very appropriate when viewed from this perspective.

      Neighborhood? What are you talking about? Why would you ever put one of these in a house?

      To safely recharge an automotive battery, it takes time.

      Wrong. Rapid charging has been used in various demo programs (for example, Hawaii had one) for over a decade. It's perfectly safe, so long as you have a proper charger, connector, and vehicle design. There are all sorts of safety features used -- anti-arcing connectors, electrodes that remain non-live until the data pins have confirmed a secure connection, a steady ramp-up, safe break-away cables, instant termination on any sign of a short or damage to the sheath, etc.

      I certainly think extreme skepticism is very much in order here and the burden of proof that this is a safe procedure is something that would have to be furnished by the group asserting that this is a safe process

      And I'm informing you that this is nothing new. It may be the first time *you* have heard about this, but this is a technology that has been being developed for decades and is already in commercial use in a number of major warehouses for rapid charging of forklifts.

      Any time electrical energy on this magnitude is being switched at a power sub-station or for something like an electrified train, it happens in either a place with a locked door or behind a chain link fence with barbed wire on top and at least a ten foot perimeter from any potential on-looker from even being close to that equipment.

      Want to see what a real-world rapid charger looks like? Here. Ooh, scary!

      And you expect me to believe that you would let a two year old hang out in a car where electrical connections to a vehicle are being connected within inches of that kid's car seat with those same voltages and power ratings?

      And you expect me to believe that you would let a two year old hang out in a car where toxic, explosive gasoline-air fume mixtuers are being forced from a tank by inflowing gasoline within inches of that kid's car seat where any static spark could (and does) set them off?

      Oh, right -- "the devil you're used to," and all of that.

      --
      Trump's plan to get rid of Mueller appears to be 'be so guilty of so many things that Mueller works himself to death.'
  2. Still skeptical about all-electric cars by bogaboga · · Score: 3, Funny

    I have never owned or even driven one save for a golf cart. My experience with the golf cart leaves me doubt as to whether an electric car can deliver enough torque to climb steep inclines.

    Heck, what happens when you are stuck in snow all the while, the spinning of wheels eating away at your juice? Scary, isn't it?

    1. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by MichaelSmith · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I have never owned or even driven one save for a golf cart. My experience with the golf cart leaves me doubt as to whether an electric car can deliver enough torque to climb steep inclines.

      Have you tried a Tesla? I hear they are fast.

      Heck, what happens when you are stuck in snow all the while, the spinning of wheels eating away at your juice? Scary, isn't it?

      Heck, what happens when you are stuck in snow all the while, the spinning of wheels eating away at your fuel? Scary, isn't it?

    2. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by ColaMan · · Score: 1

      Heck, what happens when you are stuck in snow all the while, the spinning of wheels eating away at your juice? Scary, isn't it?

      Not really. Spinning of wheels implies low friction and seeing as you're not actually moving anywhere (dammit), power used to spin those wheels is actually pretty minimal compared to normal driving.

      --

      You are in a twisty maze of processor lines, all alike.
      There is a lot of hype here.
    3. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by JesseL · · Score: 1

      Proper gearing will give you all the torque you need to get up any incline with even the tiniest motor. The question is how fast you'll be climbing.

      A properly sized motor will provide all the hill climbing performance you could ever want and the limitation becomes range, as limited by battery capacity.

      --
      "Prefiero morir de pie que vivir siempre arrodillado!"
    4. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by TooMuchToDo · · Score: 4, Informative
      My Tesla Roadster launches off the line faster than any other exotic vehicle I've driven (including a Lamborghini Murcielago and the Ariel Atom). What does that? Torque, and lots of it. Electric motors have full torque from 0 rpms, unlike internal combustion engines that have a limited torque band (and hence, the need for inefficient transmissions).

      And regarding the snow? Yea, electric cars do just fine there:
      http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tH_mSJC21f8

    5. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by bogaboga · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Heck, what happens when you are stuck in snow all the while, the spinning of wheels eating away at your fuel? Scary, isn't it?

      When stuck in snow, the need to keep warm and therefore keep the engine running consumes fuel. When you finally run out of gasoline, you can replenish your supply via some container. How the heck do you do that if your primary source of energy if a battery? This is the problem.

    6. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by blackraven14250 · · Score: 4, Insightful

      My experience with the golf cart leaves me doubt as to whether an electric car can deliver enough torque to climb steep inclines.

      Er, what? When dealing with electric motors, you have much more torque than a comparable gas motor.

    7. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by 0100010001010011 · · Score: 1

      My experience with golf carts is that they're great for inclines. You can park them on a hill and start it right up. It wasn't the fastest thing in the world and when it started losing speed it felt like I might not make it, but the torque just pulled it up and over.

      And greatest thing about electric motors is that you don't need to spin your wheels. You can apply full torque at 0 rpm and pull yourself out of being stuck.

    8. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by Tynin · · Score: 5, Funny

      That is when you go to the grocery store, buy all their AA batteries, wire them in parallel and hope it is enough to get you to the next volt station.

    9. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by c0lo · · Score: 1

      Proper gearing will give you all the torque you need to get up any incline with even the tiniest motor.

      Besides, unlike the petrol engines, an electrical engine has it's maximum torque at 0 rpm - this is why a properly-sized electrical car will beat pants-down any thermal-engine drag racer.

      The question is how fast you'll be climbing.

      At maximum torque? Never! :D

      --
      Questions raise, answers kill. Raise questions to stay alive.
    10. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by MichaelSmith · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Extreme environments pose challenges for vehicles. There are examples you can point to where EVs may not be appropriate. But say I want to camp in the desert. The nearest petrol station is 1000km away. I could use a bank of photocells to charge my vehicle on site.

      And BTW 1000km is quite realistic for remote areas in my country.

    11. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by JohnRoss1968 · · Score: 0

      Well my experience with gas powered push lawn mowers tells me that gas powered cars would be a pain in the ass to push around the yard, and much less fun for pushing on a long trip.

    12. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by Jeremi · · Score: 2, Informative

      How the heck do you do that if your primary source of energy if a battery?

      You could plug the car in... or carry around a spare container of electricity (aka a battery), or a generator and some gasoline, I suppose.

      --


      I don't care if it's 90,000 hectares. That lake was not my doing.
    13. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by moosesocks · · Score: 2, Interesting

      The Atom is a ridiculous car. I'd actually like to see a drag race between it and the Tesla Roadster.

      --
      -- If you try to fail and succeed, which have you done? - Uli's moose
    14. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by Firethorn · · Score: 1

      Besides, unlike the petrol engines, an electrical engine has it's maximum torque at 0 rpm - this is why a properly-sized electrical car will beat pants-down any thermal-engine drag racer.

      As another bonus - higher power electric motors also tend to be more efficient. I say 'tend' because there's still lots of factors, but on average a 100hp motor of the same design as a 50hp version will be a few percentage points more efficient.

      Non-all inclusive list of advantages of Electric motors over IC engines:
      * Engines are rated in MAX horsepower, motors in sustained horsepower
      **heat is normally their limiting factor. You can drive a heavy duty motor at something like 4X it's rating for a few seconds
      * As stated, 100% torque at 0 RPM.
      ** Combined with the first, it means that a motor of like 1/3rd the horsepower can give most of the same performance as an engine, except for sustained top speed.
      * Increase the voltage, increase the power of the motor
      ** well, at least up until it starts sparking through the insulation. Efficiency generally goes up as well.
      * Longevity: There are electric motors out there that are perfectly happy running 24x7 for 20 years.
      ** Maintenance is less as well. Generally the only thing you might have to do is replace some brushes.
      * Efficiency: The quality motors you'd look at using for an EV are generally above 90% efficient.
      * Regeneration: The right design allows a motor to also be a generator, enabling regenerative braking, which if you use it right, will make your brake pads effectively last the life of the car.

      Electric = Great motor, horrible power source. :(
      Internal combustion - lousy motor, great power source.

      --
      I don't read AC A human right
    15. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by kaizokuace · · Score: 1

      even though you weren't being serious, I'd like to add that I've actually seen an electric car made by an individual, so this thing was running on lead acid batteries, that pulled an 8 second quarter-mile.

      --
      Balderdash!
    16. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      My experience with golf carts is the opposite. All they have is torque. What they don't have is speed.

      That's all a function of the vehicle's function though, since golf carts are meant to carry 2, 200lb guys and their clubs up and down gentle slopes.

      Ride a decent ebike so you can get a feel for electric power...you'll grin from ear to ear, guaranteed.

    17. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      My experience with go carts tell me that gas cars suck, did you know if you hit the gas peddle or it gets stuck down that the brakes won't work!? My god I can't believe we drive these deathtraps. I mean a small hit will crush the entire body of those little cars....

    18. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by Lohrno · · Score: 1

      I have no idea about this sort of thing, but I would imagine that electric vehicles would do better in cold weather climates. At least you would not have to keep the motor running because it won't start if you don't...

    19. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by MichaelSmith · · Score: 3, Interesting

      I have no idea about this sort of thing, but I would imagine that electric vehicles would do better in cold weather climates. At least you would not have to keep the motor running because it won't start if you don't...

      One factor is that there is less energy lost as heat in an electric vehicle so running a heater will increase power consumption. You might be able to recover some heat from the batteries and motor though. Does anybody know how the heater (if it exists) in the Tesla works?

    20. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by fuzzyfuzzyfungus · · Score: 1

      Golf carts, shockingly enough, are not especially heavy-duty vehicles. Amazing what being designed to operate cheaply on gently rolling and well-manicured landscapes will do to you.

      Electric motors, though, can put out some seriously mean torque at low speed. In fact, dealing with the amount of current they draw as they approach stall is one of the important design considerations in using them.

    21. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by ZorbaTHut · · Score: 1

      Similarly, I had an old half-broken gas-powered ATV that just couldn't reach highway speeds. I don't see why people like this "gas" thing so much, it clearly doesn't have enough oomph to do anything serious.

      --
      Breaking Into the Industry - A development log about starting a game studio.
    22. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by fuzzyfuzzyfungus · · Score: 1

      Depends on the battery chemistry. Most batteries do not perform as well when cold as they do at room temperature, though exactly how severe "not as well" is for various values of "cold" can vary sharply by chemistry and design.

      This is actually part of why conventional engines are hard to start in cold(in addition to increased lubricant viscosity and any other effects on the fuel and fluids). Your car battery needs to deliver a nontrivial amount of current to the starter motor to get the engine started. A cold battery, especially if it was borderline before, is going to have lower peak current output. If your battery's peak current drops below what you need to start, you have a problem. If the starting requirements are higher because lubricants are more viscous than designed, you have two problems flanking you.

      An electric vehicle would, presumably, be at lower risk of simply "not starting", since most electric motors will at least turn feebly at well under their preferred voltage or current; but it would be more vulnerable to the fact that cold generally reduces usable battery capacity and available current, at least until the battery is allowed to warm again.

    23. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by webweave · · Score: 1

      How about the parts of America where there is precious little snow and hardly any hills? Well if you look around there now all you'll see is Arab fueled gas guzzlers. America has a huge problem from relying on foreign fuel and an even bigger problem caused by shipping so much of its currency out of the country, you remember the economy, scary isn't it? Worst of all is this problem has been know about since the early '70's and little has been done except for making it worse. Now if you live in Vermont or Denver then by all means keep your gas guzzler but if your flatland brothers had of been buying electric cars for the last twenty odd years then your good old gasoline would be a lot cheaper now and likely as a side benefit the towers would still be standing because the idle rich in Saudi wouldn't have been so rich and idle. Oh and I don't mean to focus on the evil dictatorship know as Saudi Arabia we buy oil from plenty of other despots and tyrannical regimes.

    24. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by MichaelSmith · · Score: 1

      Just curious: what is the Tesla like in the cold? Does it use battery power for heating? Is it still comfortable?

    25. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by rickb928 · · Score: 1

      Most batteries lose capacity as temperature drops. Lead-acid batteries lose a LOT of their capacity below freezing - tip; if your battery is *nearly* dead and the temp is below freezing, AND your car is not one of those that loses its mind when the battery is taken out, take that cold battery out and bring it inside. An hour at room temperature (assuming you paid the oil bill) will give it a big kick in the pants. You will be amazed, and you will get to the store to buy a new one. Or to work.

      I suspect even lithium batteries lose a lot in cold temperatures. Me? If I were living in the Northeast again, I would be looking to drive a turbo diesel. Dual batteries, and a series/parallel switch for those really cold mornings. And maybe a block heater, though my old 1960-something diesel Land Rover never needed one. Surely that new TDI will do fine.

      In Arizona, batteries will only suffer from 112-degree days, when it's more like 150 in the parking lot. Lead-aid batteries just get burnt up. Sucks.

      --
      deleting the extra space after periods so i can stay relevant, yeah.
    26. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      daisy chain extension cords to the next power outlet. can you do this with petrol? I think not!

    27. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      a generator and some gasoline

      Why even that? Why not just a generator with a hand crank?

      No, I've got no idea how much energy these things need, but hey what if you hooked up a bicycle to the battery and charged it up that way?

      Or just bike your way in the first way. If you need to bike 5 miles to charge the car to get 1 mile then I dunno.

    28. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by tbischel · · Score: 1

      Here is an interesting study on electric powertrains... it comes to some remarkable conclusions about the wheel to well efficiencies of different technologies, and the long term cost projections... Their analysis seems to point to Battery Electric Vehicles as the least likely long term solution to the transportation section, instead favoring HEVs, PHEVs, and FCVs. Very interesting read!

    29. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Also, since the electric motors will all have individual "differentials" the wheels will actually only turn if there is grip, if there is no grip there is no point in spinning the wheel. When you have a EV with a motor on each wheel it will be like having all the benefits of a 4wd without any traditional drawbacks, the drawback will instead be the chance of motordrive failure and the fact that repairing a EV will probably require an electrical engineering degree.

    30. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by wvmarle · · Score: 1

      Golf carts do not come with highway-performance kind of power.

    31. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by TheLink · · Score: 1

      So what you need is a hydrocarbon powered electric motor car.

      I've been waiting for a while. Is there any good news from the hydrocarbon fuel cell front?

      --
    32. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by forkazoo · · Score: 1

      I have never owned or even driven one save for a golf cart. My experience with the golf cart leaves me doubt as to whether an electric car can deliver enough torque to climb steep inclines.

      My experience with graphing calculators leaves me doubt as to whether a multisocket server is capable of hosting a website.

    33. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by nickmclean · · Score: 1

      If I only had 50 miles left in my tank I would be thinking it was empty and I needed to refill...

    34. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by TheLink · · Score: 1

      On the flip side, I wonder how badly the range of these battery powered cars will be affected if the weather is really hot and I have the air-conditioning on at full blast.

      In cold climates you'd often need appropriate clothing to survive outside the car anyway.

      Whereas in hot places, without airconditioning the car inside can be like a "greenhouse" and be hotter than outside.

      --
    35. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by MarkoNo5 · · Score: 1

      The Tesla roadster goes from 0-60mph in 3.7 seconds if you have the sports version. The Ariel Atom does that in less than 3 seconds. So you basically have no idea what you are talking about.

    36. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by daid303 · · Score: 1

      And BTW 1000km is quite realistic for remote areas in my country.

      As a matter of perspective, you can circle around my country in 1000km.

    37. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      This is one of them "joke" things is it ? Not sure what that is, so here goes : An electric car system could very well have replaceable batteries. You could go to the fueling station and "borrow" charged batteries, and bring them to the car if it is designed for this. It seems more a design problem than anything else. In fact, a proper such system could even be faster for recharging. Of course, this will require us to have battery standards, which will not develop properly yet, as there are too many different systems to choose from at the moment.

      On a side note, I usually find electrical appliances work very poorly in cold conditions. Petrol based things less so. Seems the battery itself is weakened by low temperatures or something like that.

    38. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by captainpanic · · Score: 1

      You're not being realistic here.

      Your tank holds 50 liters of fuel. You may have an additional 10 liters in the trunk. But if you get properly stuck, you cannot replenish that either.

      You can also just allocate 20% of your battery as a backup, and never drain that.

      Also, if you heat your car from a battery, it will heat only the part where you sit. An engine primarily heats itself, with your driver's heating as a waste heat disposal. Not very efficient then.

      The correct argument against the (current) electric cars is that their range isn't enough - and that they run out of power soon regardless of the situation. You'd be right about that. And it's slowly being solved.

    39. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by luther349 · · Score: 1

      yes thats a problem with a full electric car. but in the same note a charging station is anywhere lol. just find someone willing to let you use there power. the alero that only in calaforna comes with a genrator you can use if you run outta power. that gets 150mpg and 300 mpg on there model thats a hybred. there hybred is full eltric with a onbrd gas genrator to keep the batterys charged.

    40. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Here's an experiment for you:

      1 - Measure the voltage provided by a battery.

      2 - Put the battery in the freezer for a while

      3 - Measure the voltage again

      Compare the first and second values to see what happens to the performance of batteries when they're left in the cold.

    41. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by jimicus · · Score: 1

      The keyword here is "comparable".

      I suspect the motor in your typical golf cart isn't much more powerful than a washing machine.

    42. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by jonbryce · · Score: 1

      Have you ever been in an electric train?

      Electric motors can have much more torque than petrol engines, provided they are powerful enough. That isn't a problem for a train which can pick the power off the overhead line or the live rail, but for a car that has to carry its own fuel, it is a trade off between power and range.

    43. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by tehcyder · · Score: 1

      When you finally run out of gasoline, you can replenish your supply via some container. How the heck do you do that if your primary source of energy if a battery?

      You'd have a spare battery the same way you'd have a spare can of fuel, presumably.

      --
      To have a right to do a thing is not at all the same as to be right in doing it
    44. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by Teancum · · Score: 2, Informative

      The electric heater in the Tesla Roadster is a simple electric space heater type like a home space heater that draws power from the battery system. This includes the "defroster" for the windshield.... so there isn't a "warm up" period to get it to work like is found with an internal combustion engine. There is also an air-conditioner, but that is a simple electric pump with vehicle grade refrigerant... again more like something you would have at your home. To me, it would seem as though the air conditioner would be more efficient as it wouldn't have to be fighting the heat from inside of the engine compartment like it does with an internal combustion engine.

      There is a cooling system for the battery pack, and I'm not entirely sure if some of that heat energy from the charging/discharging of the batteries can be used within the cab or not. For those times you would need that heat, I'm not entirely sure it would be sufficient for heating up the cab of the car when it was useful or necessary. Based on what I've read about the Roadster, however, that doesn't seem to be used at all and what cooling is needed for the battery pack is dealt with through a separate radiator.

    45. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by Teancum · · Score: 1

      The electric vehicles that are going into production have a conventional power train with an ordinary differential on the wheels. There are multiple reasons for this, and significantly it applies to the handling of the vehicle. When you mount an electric motor to individuals wheels, you get all kinds of problems with the torque, balancing the power load on each wheel, and trying to cope with rotational inertia on the wheels as well.

      This blog post from Tesla Motors does a pretty good job of explaining the situation:

      http://www.teslamotors.com/blog/nikola-tesla-everywhere

      It describes why hub motors is a bad thing for electric motors and why a conventional power train really is better.

    46. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by webweave · · Score: 1

      Diesel locomotives are electric trains as they are driven by electric motors that get electricity from diesel generators.

    47. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by Lythrdskynrd · · Score: 1

      I have never owned or even driven one save for a golf cart. My experience with the golf cart leaves me doubt as to whether an electric car can deliver enough torque to climb steep inclines.

      Heck, what happens when you are stuck in snow all the while, the spinning of wheels eating away at your juice? Scary, isn't it?

      I have never owned or even driven one save for an RC Racer. My experience with the RC Racer leaves me doubt as to whether people can actually even fit inside an electric car let alone get one around the track when the little pointy electricity stick pokes out of the groove on the ground. That happens a lot when you go round corners real fast.

      Heck, what happens when you are stuck in snow all the while, the spinning of wheels attracts a herd of angry velocoraptors and they eat you? Scary, isn't it?

      Electric cars are not golf carts. They will not be engineered to overcome the issues faced by people too lazy or slow to walk around the golf course, but to overcome issues faced by people who want to drive, on roads, in various conditions.

      Your argument is known as a "False Analogy"

    48. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      um, he said 'off the line', he didn't say he could beat the atom. acceleration is not necessarily linear...

    49. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by TooMuchToDo · · Score: 1

      Heating and AC work just as well as that in my wife's Camry and my Tundra pickup. Even in scorching days, the interior is kept cool.

    50. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by TooMuchToDo · · Score: 1

      I take into account the six-speed transmission in the Atom. There is no time wasted shifting in the Roadster.

    51. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by kashani · · Score: 1

      Torque is a non issue with electric motors. If you have doubts look at all the electric buses in San Francisco. Or better yet realize that all freight trains are electric.

      --
      - Why is the ninja... so deadly?
    52. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by Firethorn · · Score: 1

      I've been waiting for a while. Is there any good news from the hydrocarbon fuel cell front?

      I haven't heard anything lately, unfortuantly.

      The latest about a NG 'fuel cell' turned out to be a device for producing hydrogen that was also a cogenerator for electricity and heat. It was intended to be installed next to the garage where the hydrogen car would be parked. It fed off of natural gas.

      --
      I don't read AC A human right
    53. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by JazzLad · · Score: 1

      it's called a hose

      --
      "If you have nothing to hide, you have nothing to fear." - Every fascist, ever
    54. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Gearing introduces friction so at some point a tiny motor just won't be putting out enough power to overcome the friction forces. Just sayin'...

    55. Re:Still skeptical about all-electric cars by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Really, do a solar recharge? How about a 50 gallon drum of diesel in the back of the truck, that should get you far enough.

  3. The existing ones are pretty quick... by Lord_of_the_nerf · · Score: 1

    ...there are no queues.

  4. I'll wave when I drive past you ... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    My 1996 Passat TDi has a cruising range in excess of 900 miles. That's right,
    the car can be driven over 900 miles without stopping for fuel. So while
    you are stopped at the charging station, I am driving, and I am also
    achieving c. 45 mpg REAL WORLD fuel economy, which makes you
    with the electric car look like the chump you are.

    Electric cars are not ready for "prime time" yet, because they lack the range
    to be useful outside of a commuter scenario. And no amount of PR bullshit
    about quick charging is going to alter this fundamental truth.

    1. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by MichaelSmith · · Score: 0

      If I had an electric car I would plug it in at night and wave at you filling up your car.

    2. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by Dan667 · · Score: 1

      more over, electric cars require materials for the batteries that are commodities. I expect these materials will become the new oil. It would be better to invest in technology to figure out a way to make a hydrogen car viable.

    3. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by oldspewey · · Score: 5, Insightful

      they lack the range to be useful outside of a commuter scenario

      And that scenario only makes up, what, about 80% of the passenger car miles driven in North America?

      --
      If libertarians are so opposed to effective government, why don't they all move to Somalia?
    4. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by MichaelSmith · · Score: 3, Interesting

      The burning of oil is non-reversable. Once used it is gone for good. Batteries may degrade with use but the original material is still there and available for reconditioning.

    5. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by John+Meacham · · Score: 2, Insightful

      The way to make a hydrogen car viable is to take your nth generation series hybrid car and replace the engine/generator with a hydrogen fuel cell. Once you are mainly using electricity off the grid, you only need to refill your gas tank occasionally, since you are only doing it every now and again, going to a hydrogen dispensary is less of an issue, even if there isn't one right around the corner. As hydrogen/electric cars become more palatable, hydrogen fuelling plants become more common, eventually you don't need as big of a battery to get between them.

      A migration path is key. series hybrid cars let companies experiment with different supplimental energy sources without producing vehicles completely dependent on some external infrastructure.

      Heck, I'd like to see a 'standard' for pluggable electric generators in series hybrid cars, pull out the diesel engine, replace it with a hydrogen fuel cell, or a bigger battery pack, or just leave it out and have a pure electric car.

      --
      http://notanumber.net/
    6. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by TooMuchToDo · · Score: 1
      Electric vehicles are always more efficient well to wheel than internal combustion engines. Always.

      So you can go over 900 miles with your car. So? How often do people do 900 mile commutes in a day? Rarely. Electric cars aren't just ready for prime time. They're ready for the end of cheap, easy oil (whose time has come, if you didn't notice how we now have to go 1+ miles under the surface of the ocean to get it).

      From the Chevy Volt wiki page:

      With fully charged batteries, enough electrical energy will be stored to power the Volt up to 40 miles (64 km). This distance is capable of satisfying the daily commute for 75% of Americans, whose commute is on average 33 miles (53 km).

      Your 900 mile one-way range? Useless. An electric vehicle's ability to use any power source that can be turned into electricity (be it wind, nuclear, solar, coal, etc)? Priceless.

    7. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by TooMuchToDo · · Score: 1

      And depending on where you live, that nighttime power would be dirt cheap. I pay $0.01/KwH between midnight and 5am in the Chicago suburbs for power from ComEd (time of day metering; power is nuclear from Byron generating facility).

    8. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by TooMuchToDo · · Score: 1

      Hydrogen will always lose out, because it's simply an energy store and not an energy source. Anyplace we can get hydrogen from? No. We have to convert natural gas to hydrogen (might as well run vehicles on natural gas) or crack H20 into hydrogen with electricity (which is horribly inefficient). Electricity is the end game.

    9. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by newcastlejon · · Score: 1

      Storing hydrogen is a chore to say the least, and that's without thinking about what makes a fuel cell. Call it prejudice but when I imagine the future of the car I don't see a hydrogen IC engine in the spotlight; electric motors are so much better.

      --
      If God forks the Universe every time you roll a die, he'd better have a damned good memory.
    10. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by CrazyJim1 · · Score: 2, Funny

      So you can go over 900 miles with your car. Thats over 9000 decimiles.

    11. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by flyingfsck · · Score: 0, Troll

      Most cars already run on hydrogen. In liquid form it is much easier to handle than in the gaseous state and is called hydrocarbon.

      --
      Excuse me, but please get off my Pennisetum Clandestinum, eh!
    12. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by TooMuchToDo · · Score: 1

      But how many miles to the hoghead does he get?

    13. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by gothzilla · · Score: 1

      It's cheap because not many people are charging their electric cars at night. That will change real fast, and the same grid that can't handle everyone running their air conditioner will collapse under the load.

    14. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by gothzilla · · Score: 0

      We already have hydrogen cars. It uses fuel comprised of 16 hydrogen atoms stored on 7 carbon atoms. It's far safer than straight hydrogen and there are millions of places to refuel all across the world.

    15. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by Jeremi · · Score: 1

      We have to convert natural gas to hydrogen (might as well run vehicles on natural gas) or crack H20 into hydrogen with electricity (which is horribly inefficient).

      There is always option (c): find another, more efficient way to produce hydrogen (e.g. bioengineered bacteria, or something). I still wouldn't necessarily bet on hydrogen, but it's not impossible that someone might come up with something practical.

      --


      I don't care if it's 90,000 hectares. That lake was not my doing.
    16. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by TooMuchToDo · · Score: 2, Informative

      Electric vehicles will become widely available starting in 2011. The current Administration supports a goal of one million electric vehicles on the road by 2015. A previous PNNL study showed that America’s existing power grid could meet the needs of about 70 percent of all U.S. light-duty vehicles if battery charging was managed to avoid new peaks in electricity demand.

      http://www.pnl.gov/news/release.aspx?id=365

      I'm not that worried. There is plenty of nighttime generating capacity.

    17. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by TooMuchToDo · · Score: 1

      If a) creating it was practical, b) storing it was practical (instead of vessels that need to hold it at tens of thousands of PSI) and c) it was cheaper than electric vehicles, it would be possible. I don't see those things happening though.

    18. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by mark-t · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I think that, on some level, owning a car actually represents a certain measure of personal freedom to many individuals in our society: specifically, the freedom to be able to go to and fro, wherever one wants, and whenever they want. I think that this association is made subconsciously even if they don't actually exercise that liberty. To that end, I believe that people's problem with the range of EV's is less of an issue of actually needing a really large range on a daily basis and more an issue of having the freedom to drive almost anywhere they might want to on a spur of the moment, if they should so choose.

    19. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by TooMuchToDo · · Score: 3, Insightful

      I agree completely. As with most issues, it's a matter of separating the emotional part from the practical part.

    20. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by mark-t · · Score: 1

      Oil loses out on the same basis... the only difference is that with oil, all the energy that went into making it was done for us over the course of many millions of years. The problem, however, is that we are consuming that energy far faster than we can replenish it. Using hydrogen as a fuel, you create water vapor, which in turn you can extract hydrogen from later. It's not remotely free to do this, of course, but at least the resource is immediately available instead of having to wait millions of years for it.

    21. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by tbischel · · Score: 1

      Hydrogen will always lose out, because it's simply an energy store and not an energy source. Anyplace we can get hydrogen from? No. We have to convert natural gas to hydrogen (might as well run vehicles on natural gas) or crack H20 into hydrogen with electricity (which is horribly inefficient). Electricity is the end game.

      If electric cars were the best solution (or energy efficiency was the only concern), we would be exclusively burn oil in more efficient power plants, and using that to charge batteries in cars... rather than converting crude to gasoline to fill up.

    22. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by tbischel · · Score: 1

      the Toyota Fuel Cell vehicle gets 420 miles per tank of compressed hydrogen... sounds like they have the storage problem in hand. I agree that combustion hydrogen seems unlikely, but I still have high hopes for FCVs.

    23. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by Black+Gold+Alchemist · · Score: 1

      The burning of oil is non-reversable. Once used it is gone for good.

      Incorrect.

      --
      Responsibility is an addiction
      Virtue is a temptation
      Community is a cartel
    24. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by 91degrees · · Score: 1

      But range gives diminishing returns. Sure, your car has a 900 mile range. What's your range? Personally I like to take a break every couple of hours. This break can be combined with a refuel.

      So, 50-100 miles isn't enough. 200 miles will probably be fine. If I could leave my car at a recharge station and come back to it once it was done, then maybe I'd even be okay with a 30 minute recharge time.

    25. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by Black+Gold+Alchemist · · Score: 1

      hydrogen car viable.

      No. Hydrogen is the worst fuel in the world by energy density. If you are interested in having a fuel-cell based system, though, there is a much better fuel for you. It has been concluded that overall, the electricity->wheels efficiency of hydrogen (after 90 years of research) is 25 percent (batteries are around 80 percent). The overall efficiency of an aluminium fuel cell system with very little technology development is 30 percent. But, the aluminium system costs 100 times less than the hydrogen system. And I'm sure many improvements can be made that could get us up to 60-70 percent efficiency. Aluminium is also made on a giant scale today using renewable (hydro) power. In the future, I'm sure will have wind and solar aluminium smelting.

      If you actually want a hydrogen system, the conclusion is that a plug-in biodiesel hybrid is the best way to go. This is because biomass is the best source of hydrogen, and oils are the best way to store it. Fuel cells are just too expensive to compete with diesel generators.

      Finally, the material problem for batteries is much worse for fuel cells, which are often platinum infested. While many research and lithium batteries are based on unobtainium that could be a social issue, there are many system that do not depend on the unobtainium. For example, lead acid, nickel iron, and nicad all don't contain unobtainium. I think that in the battery chemistry race, nickel iron (Edision) is the dark horse candidate. Nicad is also a good fast-charging solution.

      --
      Responsibility is an addiction
      Virtue is a temptation
      Community is a cartel
    26. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by Black+Gold+Alchemist · · Score: 1

      If hydrogen will lose out because it's an energy storage system and not a source, so will batteries. We have to think of hydrogen as a battery, not a source of energy. The hydrogen would have to come from the same place electricity came from. There's no theoretical reason a hydrogen fuel cell system can't be as efficient as a battery based system. Of course, this is not true in practice for a variety of reasons. Both batteries and hydrogen are electrical->chemical->electrical. Of course hydrogen is a loser because it is such a low energy density fuel. If you want fuel cells, metals like aluminium, iron and zinc are the "fuels" for the fuel cells.

      If you really want to get rid of chemistry (which is not really needed), you have to look at superconducting energy storage.

      --
      Responsibility is an addiction
      Virtue is a temptation
      Community is a cartel
    27. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by ShooterNeo · · Score: 1

      Hydrogen isn't happening. The only reason there's any interest at all in elemental hydrogen as a form of energy storage is that it's a neat trick of chemistry that produces water as a product. But it's so much more convenient to attack those hydrogens to some carbon molecules. The easiest way to do this synthetically is to make methane/natural gas and use that. CNG vehicles are a mature technology that is not significantly more expensive than gasoline.

      And of course, long chain hydrocarbons are an even better way to store hydrogen, in a nice compact liquid form like gasoline or diesel.

    28. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by igaborf · · Score: 1

      It's not just about going somewhere on the spur of the moment... it's going there at all. Now that the US no longer has functioning mass transit except in limited corridors, there is frequently no practical alternative to driving. For example, next week my son and I need to travel from Connecticut to West Virginia. Try doing that by train or bus. What makes sense to me is owning an EV for daily use and renting a longer range vehicle when needed. For that to work well for me, I need an EV with about 150-mile range. (An EV would also make sense as the second car for a lot of two-car families.)

    29. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by TheLink · · Score: 1

      I suggest storing the hydrogen around long carbon chains. It's been done for a very long time. :)

      --
    30. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      There's nothing emotional in wanting to have just one car that you can do all your driving around in. Only in America are there enough rich and stupid people that there is a market for vehicles that go 100 kilometers or so at a time, then need to stop for hours.

      Yes, I use my car to commute and that's about 70-80% of the mileage it gets, but I also need it for weekend trips, family get-togethers, various business errands and emergencies etc etc. I will NOT pay the price of two normal cars to have an EV that I can only commute in and there's nothing emotional about that.

    31. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by tehcyder · · Score: 1

      My 1996 Passat TDi has a cruising range in excess of 900 miles. That's right, the car can be driven over 900 miles without stopping for fuel.

      Which, unless you're regularly making 450+ mile trips, is pretty irrelevant.

      --
      To have a right to do a thing is not at all the same as to be right in doing it
    32. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And exactly what charges your batteries ?

      Hint : probably electricity from a coal-fired lower plant.

      So, even if YOU don't realize how monumentally stupid
      your comment is, your comment is nonetheless one of the
      most idiotic statements I've read on Slashdot in years.

    33. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by tehcyder · · Score: 1

      I think that, on some level, owning a car actually represents a certain measure of personal freedom to many individuals in our society: specifically, the freedom to be able to go to and fro, wherever one wants, and whenever they want.

      As Springsteen said, is a dream a lie if it don't come true, or is it something worse?

      --
      To have a right to do a thing is not at all the same as to be right in doing it
    34. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "Your 900 mile one-way range? Useless."

      Sort of like your narrow-minded short-sighted comment is useless to me.
      you sanctimonious holier-than-thou know it all prick.

      You assume that driving 900 miles in a day that is the only useful aspect of
      having 900 mile range. That's not the case. A 900 mile range means I don't have
      to spend time refueling more than once every few weeks. And that means a savings
      of time. Perhaps your time is not valuable, but mine is. So all your statement about
      a 900 mile cruising range being useless proves is how narrow minded you are.

      Sure, you can claim that if one has an electric car it's possible to charge it every night
      at home. But some of us don't spend the night proximate to the electric grid, bucko,
      and for us a charger might not be available.

      Do try to think outside of your tiny little world before commenting, next time, and
      consider that if you act like such a prick in real life, some day someone is
      going to remove all your front teeth for you, for free, asshole.

    35. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by kilfarsnar · · Score: 1

      My car gets 40 rods to the hogs head, and that's the way I likes it!

      --
      "What the American public doesn't know is what makes them the American public." -Ray Zalinsky (Tommy Boy)
    36. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by Flaming+Foobar · · Score: 2, Insightful

      And exactly what charges your batteries ?

      Hint : probably electricity from a coal-fired lower plant.

      That's a stupid argument because the solution is obvious: use wind, hydro, solar or nuclear energy to charge the vehicle.

      For gasoline engines, no clean solution exists at all.

      --
      while true;do echo -e -n "\033[s\n\033[u\134_\033[B";done
    37. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by Teancum · · Score: 1

      It is a mistaken notion that what you put into your tank is a energy source as opposed to an energy storage system. Gasoline and Diesel fuel, as well as most other "energy sources" have to be processed, refined, and extracted through various means as well in order to get them to whatever it is that you need that energy. Gasoline certainly doesn't come out of the ground in a form that is useful to stick inside of the tank ready for you to use.

      I do agree, however, that hydrogen is in particular a tough nut to crack precisely for the same reasons it makes a very useful fuel: As an energy storage system, hydrogen compresses very well and contains pound for pound more energy than most other energy storage systems. The raw components can be found in numerous places, but all of those have the hydrogen already attached to other elements in some manner that makes it an endothermic process to extract the hydrogen.

      One highly efficient hydrogen generation process that I've seen is to dump water down a geothermal vent and have the water hit magma at a high enough temperature that it disassociates the hydrogen from the oxygen. The "steam" comes up in a form that is not only useful for its thermal properties, but as the hydrogen is already "cracked" from the oxygen, it can be shunted off to some storage tanks for later use or for external processes.

      There are other useful applications for cracking hydrogen, including through genetic engineering (using plants that produce hydrogen as a by-product of photosynthesis.... yes it happens) and using solar cells to generate hydrogen. Again, this is applying the principle of using hydrogen as a storage medium and leveraging its ability to be stored in something that is easier to build than a huge battery.

      The problem with hydrogen in an automobile is that it is a very corrosive gas, particularly when it gets to a state where it reaches combustion temperatures. This can be compensated for, but it does require vehicles built for that purpose.

      It turns out that Palladium is an excellent material for storing Hydrogen (one of the reasons it is used for "cold fusion") and there are other storage systems that seem to work reasonably well too. The major problem is that the supply chains and the distribution systems don't exist for hydrogen, and no strongly compelling reason to switch to hydrogen when other energy distribution systems are already in place.

      In terms of safety issues, it turns out that hydrogen is much safer than gasoline for similar quantities of energy. There are also only two kinds of compounds that are produced with hydrogen when it burns with oxygen: water and hydrogen peroxide. Some Nitrogen compounds can form in an internal combustion engine (mainly ammonia) , but those are also relatively simple to work with as well. So there are some advantages to hydrogen vehicles, particularly if you want to maintain an internal combustion engine distribution system but want to avoid the pollutants caused by burning hydrocarbons.

    38. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by compro01 · · Score: 1

      About 2835.

      --
      upon the advice of my lawyer, i have no sig at this time
    39. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by Teancum · · Score: 1

      Hydrogen the worst fule in the world by energy density? Hardly. Why else is it used as a fuel source for rockets going into orbit? The Hydrogen/Oxygen reaction actually gives one of the highest ISP ratios of nearly any kind of rocket fuel available, and is the primary fuel component for the Space Shuttle, being used in the SSMEs. That big orange tank on the bottom of the orbiter is mostly filled with hydrogen. Still, not everybody needs to use hydrogen even in that kind of application. Furthermore, it also requires cryogenic fuel storage as the hydrogen used in rockets tends to be liquid hydrogen in order to compress the fuel to be useful.

      In terms of automotive fuel storage, there may be a point to hydrogen being more of a problem for energy densities in terms of watts per m^3. It becomes an issue due to the fact that the storage device generally weighs much more than the fuel itself. So in terms of practical fuels for an automobile, it might have a lower energy density than other fuels and energy storage devices.

      BTW, in terms of battery technologies, one of the most promising that seems to be a real kicker is a Zinc-ion battery If this researcher is to be believed (and there is some serious money getting thrown at this researcher to make it happen), it promises to have over ten times the energy storage as Lithium-ion batteries. That could be monumental in terms of making electric vehicles practical and conceivably gives something like the Tesla Model S over a thousand miles of driving range on a single charge. If that happens, the need for these recharging stations is pretty much thrown out the window at least for remote and isolated locations far from major population centers.

    40. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by halltk1983 · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Many families already rent a vehicle when driving out of state. Rental of that second vehicle would be more cost effective and efficient than purchasing the second vehicle, if it's only used one or two weekends per month. As a bonus, you're always driving a new-ish car, of the latest model, and it can change based on the needs of that special event! SUV for a family road trip, sporty coupe for a weekend getaway with the missus, the possibilities are endless, and much better than driving a 13-mpg Suburban 24/7 just in case you have to immediately leave work to drive 1800 miles for a surprise vacation to Yellowstone where you'll have to offroad to get to your cabin.

      --
      Watch for Penguins, they eat Apples and throw rocks at Windows.
    41. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by westlake · · Score: 1

      And that scenario only makes up, what, about 80% of the passenger car miles driven in North America?

      How do you define a commuter run?

      Does it include a side trip to the loading dock at Sears?

      Picking up your kids on the way home from school? The first demands cargo space, the second passenger space.

      On thing is clear:

      The commute is not optional.

      Buffalo NY this week has been wilting with temperatures in the mid-90s - and humidity to match. Come winter and conditions can turn artic.

      If the I-190 bridges over Grand Island close, your run home north from Buffalo has effectively doubled. Not good if you have already burned through the better part of that 50 mile quickie charge-up.

      It isn't enough for the electric car to perform well on the test track. It has to perform reliably on the street. It has to cope well with the unexpected.

    42. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The burning of oil is non-reversable. Once used it is gone for good. Batteries may degrade with use but the original material is still there and available for reconditioning.

      You just blew my mind!!! We could even call it the reverse of cycling batteries... how about.... UNCYCLING!! /me filling for business method patent Right Now (TM)

    43. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by oldspewey · · Score: 1

      Does it include a side trip to the loading dock at Sears? Picking up your kids on the way home from school? The first demands cargo space, the second passenger space.

      Why would you care, in either case, whether your vehicle runs on gasoline, electricity, diesel, propane, or magic pixie dust?

      If the I-190 bridges over Grand Island close, your run home north from Buffalo has effectively doubled. Not good if you have already burned through the better part of that 50 mile quickie charge-up.

      Assuming electric vehicle infrastructure has gained some penetration, then if you're driving around in suburban Buffalo you simply find your way to the nearest quickcharge station. What do you do today if your commute home unexpectedly lengthens and you're running close to empty? Park at the side of the road and take a taxi home?

      --
      If libertarians are so opposed to effective government, why don't they all move to Somalia?
    44. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by Darkman,+Walkin+Dude · · Score: 1

      It's cheap because not many people are charging their electric cars at night. That will change real fast, and the same grid that can't handle everyone running their air conditioner will collapse under the load.

      Haha, bet you feel like a prick now.

    45. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Its' actually significantly closer to 100% than it is to 80%. Of miles driven in the US, roughly 96-97% are driven in the 'commuter scenario'. In fact, a significant portion of that is spent sitting in gridlock where an electric car won't be using any more energy than it takes to run the cabin electronics and heater( or AC).

    46. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And that scenario only makes up, what, about 80% of the passenger car miles driven in North America?

      $40,000 to own an electric vehicle for my every day needs + $20,000 to own a vehicle for my "once a week/month" needs (which could double as my all purpose vehicle) = $60,000 investment before fuel costs, loan interest, the cost of insuring a second vehicle, etc. At 25 mpg and $5/gallon for gas, I can buy one vehicle and put 200,000 miles worth of gas into it for the cost of the EV (or 333k miles at the current $3/gallon price of gas).

      For a single person or a one car family, it makes significantly much more economic sense to buy just the all purpose vehicle than to buy both cars. For a two car family, it may or may not make more sense to get one all purpose car and one EV rather than two all purpose cars, depending on the breakdown of the other things and the family's needs. If money is no limit, buy a different car to drive every day if you want... but just because 80% of the miles driven are short commuter trips doesn't mean that it makes sense for 80% of people to buy an EV.

      I happen to drive a pickup myself. 75% of the time, it's your basic commuter vehicle and 25% of the time, I'm using it as a pickup, hauling, towing, etc. I paid $13,800 for it brand new and get pretty good mileage for a truck (that's where my 25mpg number comes from). I've had it for 12 years now and put 109k on it. It would be absolutely idiotic for me to run out and buy an EV for the 75% of my driving that would marginally benefit from it. Ignoring insurance (which you'd need for any vehicle), I haven't even spent another $14k in maintenance and fuel during its lifetime, so how is spending an additional 3 times on that amount just to buy a "more economic" vehicle that will depreciate and suffer from the salt in the northeast winters a good choice for me? Your 80% stat is a generality that is completely misleading, implying that 80% of the vehicles could be replaced with EVs. It would be far, far fewer than that, at best 50% if you think every current vehicle belongs to a 2 vehicle house where one of the two could be replaced... probably more along the 20% line, which ultimately, makes it another niche product on the market which would probably eat away more at hybrid sales rather than SUV sales, the way Linux ate away at commercial Unix sales rather than Windows sales.

    47. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And may people don't rent cars when making long trips. And what are those people supposed to do when all the rental cars are electric also?

    48. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What if you aren't at home?

    49. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "The burning of oil is non-reversable. Once used it is gone for good. Batteries may degrade with use but the original material is still there and available for reconditioning."

      Please explain how these batteries are charged without using up some form of fuel. Sure, in your dream world
      they could be charged using solar panels, but in the real world this is unlikely.

      What I am trying to point out is that it requires fuel to charge your batteries, and that
      the fuel in question will also be used up.

      God DAMN, you're a stupid shit.

    50. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "Which, unless you're regularly making 450+ mile trips, is pretty irrelevant."

      But the fact that the same car gets 45+ mpg while cruising at 75+mph is not
      irrelevant.

      What do YOU drive, mister ? I bet the fuck it doesn't get such fuel economy.
      But then you're probably parked most of the time so you can suck cock.

    51. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by halltk1983 · · Score: 1

      To be fair, when that happens, there will be plenty of infrastructure to support it.

      --
      Watch for Penguins, they eat Apples and throw rocks at Windows.
    52. Re:I'll wave when I drive past you ... by Black+Gold+Alchemist · · Score: 1

      By volume, which is what matters, it is the worse. In the case of space, mass matters. There is some debate about aluminium fuelled rockets. Research was done on boron hydride fuelled rockets, but it was considered too toxic.

      The zinc-ion system you linked to is very interesting. It is basically a zinc-air battery with an ionic liquid electrolyte. I want to do something similar for aluminium air. Zinc air is in general not rechargeable for two reasons. First is that it leads to the destruction of the carefully designed electrode that lets air into the cell. Second is that the zinc changes shape, and this leads to shorting in the battery. The second is trouble for all zinc based batteries. What I want to do is build a zinc-air system, and have robots recycle the burned zinc. This would let us have a zinc economy.

      Oh, as for 1000 mile range, that really isn't all that useful, because of the huge amount of electricity required. This means that charging will be slow and most of the battery capacity is not used. It just rots. In a battery electric vehicle, the solution is always to put a little gas (or biofuel) generator in the car. Then give the car a 40 mile range. This means that you're safe from all the myriad of issues that could cause range to be shortened. The best batteries for this are lead-acid batteries, as well as Edison batteries.

      --
      Responsibility is an addiction
      Virtue is a temptation
      Community is a cartel
  5. charleymiller2010 by charleymiller2010 · · Score: 0

    The problem we all know with a fast charge is the lost of the deep memory cycle, so the atoms for lack of a better word forget how good it can be, hence you get a quickie over and over and you loos interest. In this case, efficency. SO, BFD, unless we will be all about "instant gratification." At the expense of battery life I rather stick with fuel cells or just continue to drive on corn and brown gas as I have. Charleymiller2010 Unaffiliated

    1. Re:charleymiller2010 by HBoar · · Score: 1

      Sorry to burst your little bubble, but bio fuels derived from crops take more energy to produce than you get out of them (not to mention taking up already scarce land needed for food production), as do hydrogen/oxygen mixtures obtained through electrolysis of water. Anyone with a basic knowledge of science can tell you that.

    2. Re:charleymiller2010 by mini+me · · Score: 1

      Have you looked the the food commodity prices lately? Even with the large gains seen today, the prices are still below the cost of production. If land for food was as scarce as you claim, should that food not be worth more than it costs to produce?

    3. Re:charleymiller2010 by TooMuchToDo · · Score: 1
      http://www.google.com/search?q=food+prices+biofuels

      Let me pick some choice headlines:

      IMF Survey: Biofuel Demand Pushes Up Food Prices

      World Bank Chief: Biofuels Boosting Food Prices : NPR

      The biofuel factor in rising food prices | Green Tech - CNET News

      The Tortilla Effect: Biofuel and food prices

      Just because you don't see the price at Walmart going up significantly, doesn't mean elsewhere the price for food isn't going up.

    4. Re:charleymiller2010 by Firethorn · · Score: 1

      Sorry to burst your little bubble, but bio fuels derived from crops take more energy to produce than you get out of them

      Are you including solar inputs or not? If you're only counting man introduced energy sources such as electricity, fossil fuels, and such, then the answer is actually 'it depends'.

      The study that said that ethanol wasn't energy positive was rather pessimistic, and assumed inefficient plants. Newer designs are more efficient and flip back to the positive side.

      Just, well, not enough to justify the amount of land it'd take, which is why I support the ideas for cellulosic ethanol and the fuels made from algae grown in trays filled with seawater out in the desert.

      Well, that and saving the ethanol, biodiesel, and biogasoline for uses that suit them, not short trips to work or the mall - use an EV for that.

      --
      I don't read AC A human right
    5. Re:charleymiller2010 by mini+me · · Score: 1

      I am talking about the actual trade of food commodities, not the price you see at the grocery store. Corn, for example, costs approximately $4.50 per bushel to produce (from the field to the grain elevator). Right now, the best I can do on the sale of a bushel of corn is $3.65. Based on current market bids, a farmer in my region will lose almost a dollar on every bushel produced.

      If food is even nearing scarcity, why is nobody willing to pay at least a fair market value for the food? The laws of supply and demand seem to indicate that we have an incredible amount of food that we have no idea what to do with. Biofuels at least find a home for all of that excess crop that is going to be grown anyway.

    6. Re:charleymiller2010 by Atmchicago · · Score: 1

      Food in the United States is all heavily subsidized. This comes in various forms, such as subsidies for corn, soybeans, sugar, cotton etc. We also have relatively cheap gasoline. In some cases, agribusiness gets paid to not grow certain crops so as to not alter the price too much. It's one of the reasons why we are today an obese nation - food is cheap and plentiful in our country. Were we to take away the subsidies, we would have the ability to spend our money elsewhere, or not, but prices at the supermarket would increase.

      --

      You can lead a horse to water, but you can't make it dissolve.

    7. Re:charleymiller2010 by compro01 · · Score: 1

      Only if you use an idiotic feedstock like corn. Sugarcane or sugar beets give a positive return.

      --
      upon the advice of my lawyer, i have no sig at this time
    8. Re:charleymiller2010 by HBoar · · Score: 1

      The laws of supply and demand seem to indicate that we have an incredible amount of food that we have no idea what to do with.

      If the world has such a glut of food, why is starvation so prevalent, even in countries without closed borders?

      Your problem is more likely that farmers in other locations can produce corn at much lower prices than you can, which is a good sign you should be looking at other crops.

    9. Re:charleymiller2010 by mini+me · · Score: 1

      While I am in Canada, our local yields are well above the US national average. If an above average farm cannot turn a profit, I'm not sure who is supposed to be growing the stuff?

      The problem is not limited to corn. At current market prices you might be able to break even on wheat, and maybe even turn a tiny profit on soybeans; though not really enough to cover your time and certainly not enough to reinvest back into the farm for new equipment and other necessities.

      With that said, I have discussed at great length on this site the pitfalls of growing corn. I don't think any farmer actually likes growing corn, but it has become a necessary evil. I'm am actually quite curious as to what crop you suggest take its place?

      If the world has such a glut of food, why is starvation so prevalent, even in countries without closed borders?

      I would like to know the answer to this as well. The USDA is always reporting surpluses on food when they release their reports. If there are countries that are open to receiving those crops, why is it not getting there?

  6. who cares? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I wonder if it has some sort of means of load smoothing and a limited duty cycle, or if it's going to need its own substation.

    who cares? it makes no difference to you or car owners

  7. Holy Carp... by Nursie · · Score: 1

    That is so wrong on so many levels. I think my head may explode.

    1. Re:Holy Carp... by JohnRoss1968 · · Score: 0

      Dont feel bad after reading that one I wanted to buy stock in an aspirin company.
      Hey heres an idea. Aspirin companys get people to come and look at /. , People read the comments and get a headache. People with headaches buy aspirin. ....errr someone please format this as to how to make a proffit. My head still hurts too much from the parent post

    2. Re:Holy Carp... by Firethorn · · Score: 0

      It's simple enough. While hydrogen has the most potential chemical energy by mass, it's also one of the least dense by volume.

      An easy solution to this is to bind the hydrogen with carbon. The resulting chemicals lose little energy by weight, but gain huge advantages in density.

      In the right chains, the resulting chemicals are even liquid, making storage and transportation far easier.

      As mentioned, these chains are called hydrocarbons. Not the most inventive, but descriptive. ;)

      --
      I don't read AC A human right
    3. Re:Holy Carp... by Nursie · · Score: 2, Informative

      I'm sorry, but really, hydrocarbons are not a liquid form of hydrogen, and cars are not powered on hydrogen now. Those things are just wrong!

      Your post I find amusing, as it posit a world with abundant hydrogen, looking for a way to make it useful!

    4. Re:Holy Carp... by TheLink · · Score: 2, Informative

      http://www.google.com/search?q=hydrocarbon+fuel+cell

      What's needed:
      1) Cheap enough source of energy (maybe newer nuclear or wind or thermal solar).
      2) Cheap source of CO2 (CO2 tends to occur in higher concentrations in water).
      3) Efficient way to get H2
      4) Cost effective hydrocarbon fuel cells that work efficiently, reliably, and can last a long enough time in the harsh environment of a car.
      5) Cost effective filters that can tolerate and filter out common undesirable impurities in the fuel, in order to protect the fuel cells.

      Is that harder than making a good enough battery (capacity + lifespan + cost)? Maybe. Maybe not.

      Lastly, jet planes aren't going to be running on batteries, and the world is not as nice without air travel, so it's probably a good idea to look for a good way of creating hydrocarbons anyway.

      Pure hydrogen jet planes might work, but retooling is going to be such a big pain, and storage space is a big problem on planes.

      So in a possible future the airplanes may burn "renewable" hydrocarbons, the long distance road vehicles may use fuel cells, or burn hydrocarbons, and short distance/commuter vehicles might use batteries.

      --
    5. Re:Holy Carp... by Firethorn · · Score: 1

      You do realize I was trying to continue the joke, right?

      --
      I don't read AC A human right
  8. Cold fusion by ArchieBunker · · Score: 1

    Trust me, you won't see fully electric cars replacing gasoline until we develop cold fusion. Just google how many Joules you get in a pound of gasoline versus a pound of anything else. The technology simply does not exist and will not for a long time. The stuff you see now is just small incremental improvements. Oh and you math geeks, figure out how many pounds of coal was burned to charge that battery halfway.

    --
    Only the State obtains its revenue by coercion. - Murray Rothbard
    1. Re:Cold fusion by bennomatic · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Oh and you math geeks, figure out how many pounds of coal was burned to charge that battery halfway.

      How about none? I'm not a huge fan of nuclear power, but guess what runs the grid in much of Japan?

      --
      The CB App. What's your 20?
    2. Re:Cold fusion by Rakishi · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Electric engines are roughly 3-4 times as efficient as gasoline ones. So you get 3-4 times the effective energy density out of batteries.

      More importantly you don't need that much energy, almost all car rides are short and electricity can be recharged at home unlike gasoline.

      Oh and you math geeks, figure out how many pounds of coal was burned to charge that battery halfway.

      Less pollution wise than you'd get from gasoline, someone did look into it. Natural gas is a lot better, and used in quite a few places, but even coal beats out gasoline engines.

    3. Re:Cold fusion by iamhassi · · Score: 4, Interesting

      "Electric engines are roughly 3-4 times as efficient as gasoline ones. So you get 3-4 times the effective energy density out of batteries."

      Sure, but who wants to buy a car that only gets 100 miles, then needs to be recharged every 50 miles? This might be a good second or third car, but it's not that practical as your main vehicle, and the fact that an electric vehicle must be charged nightly limits it to only being useful to homes with garages.

      This is why SUVs have been so popular in the US despite their poor gas mileage. You can fit 5 to 7 adults comfortably and still have room for luggage.

      Electric cars will fail, and series hybrids like the Chevy Volt will succeed. When the batteries run low a gas generator keeps the batteries charged enough to power the vehicle. This is brilliant: I get my electric car for my short daily commutes, but I still have gas for those rare times when I need to drive hundreds of miles in a day. I have the best of both worlds with no sacrifices.

      Also series hybrids means we can finally use turbines: gas turbines are the most efficient engine. While a gasoline engine is only 20-30% efficient, a gas turbine is over 80% efficient. In 1999 GM made a EV1 Series hybrid using a turbine generator. The vehicle achieved up to 100mpg while charging the battery using 90s technology and a 220 lbs turbine (modern turbines are much smaller)

      In ten years when series hybrids become the norm we'll look at vehicles like the Prius the same way Prius owners look at SUV owners today.

      --
      my karma will be here long after I'm gone
    4. Re:Cold fusion by adolf · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Electric engines are roughly 3-4 times as efficient as gasoline ones. So you get 3-4 times the effective energy density out of batteries.

      Please explain what you mean. Your premise and conclusion are not related, which makes your statement completely nonsensical.

      More importantly you don't need that much energy, almost all car rides are short and electricity can be recharged at home unlike gasoline.

      And if that were the issue, we wouldn't even be discussing it. I can already get electric cars that are completely useful and practical for short trips around town, so that the car spends most of its time at home charging. The problem is that none of them are any good at all for leaving town, since there's no available means to recharge them easily, quickly, or without special arrangements.

      Less pollution wise than you'd get from gasoline, someone did look into it. Natural gas is a lot better, and used in quite a few places, but even coal beats out gasoline engines.

      Citation, please. Adding generation losses, transmission losses, DC conversion losses, battery storage losses, and drivetrain losses to compare it to the total efficiency of an internal combustion engine is a nontrivial thing. Just because some dude on Slashdot assures me that "someone did look into it" does not at all make me satisfied that reality is in any way supportive of the claim.

    5. Re:Cold fusion by Rakishi · · Score: 1

      Please explain what you mean. Your premise and conclusion are not related, which makes your statement completely nonsensical.

      Sure it makes sense. Batteries 30% as energy dense as gasoline will move your car further than the same mass of gasoline. In other words energy density alone is a silly measure, granted even with that the difference is something like 15 times.

      And if that were the issue, we wouldn't even be discussing it. I can already get electric cars that are completely useful and practical for short trips around town, so that the car spends most of its time at home charging. The problem is that none of them are any good at all for leaving town, since there's no available means to recharge them easily, quickly, or without special arrangements.

      Few people leave town, not that far out anyway. 160 miles is not a short hop around town.

      Citation, please. Adding generation losses, transmission losses, DC conversion losses, battery storage losses, and drivetrain losses to compare it to the total efficiency of an internal combustion engine is a nontrivial thing. Just because some dude on Slashdot assures me that "someone did look into it" does not at all make me satisfied that reality is in any way supportive of the claim.

      And building a skyscraper isn't trivial either, amazingly we manage to do it all the time. It's trivial to look these things up and the numbers are well published, for chutulu's sake even wikipedia goes over it.
      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_car
      http://cartalk.com/blogs/jim-motavalli/?p=208

    6. Re:Cold fusion by Black+Gold+Alchemist · · Score: 2, Informative

      Here is a link (PDF warning: 154 pages) to the ANL study. Skip to page 133 of the PDF.

      If you really, really want to go crazy, then head on over to Argonne Nation Labs and check out this.

      Testing has shown that the Tesla roadster is around 250 watt*hours of electricity per mile. The Rav4 EV (which uses a less efficient drive train) is around 300 watt*hours per mile. You can plug this in to the EPA Power Profiler and get CO2 per mile for various areas. But all in all, the real advantage of an electric car is that electricity comes from renewables and nukes and gas does not yet do so.

      --
      Responsibility is an addiction
      Virtue is a temptation
      Community is a cartel
    7. Re:Cold fusion by dbIII · · Score: 4, Informative

      The correct answer is actually hydroelectric power from Hokkaido. There is some nuclear power available though, and with enough warning it can be ramped up to full capacity for quite a while to provide even more.
      It makes perfect sense in the 1970s and may do again - electricity available if there is a naval blockade by China. Expensive, high maintainance, awkward waste problems but ultimately it works in that situation. That's the sort of niche nuclear advocates should be arguing for and improving to turn it from the expensive alternative energy everyone hates into a commercial reality.

    8. Re:Cold fusion by NormalVisual · · Score: 4, Insightful

      a gas turbine is over 80% efficient

      I imagine they're also very efficient at annoying the neighbors with the noise. :-)

      --
      Please stand clear of the doors, por favor mantenganse alejado de las puertas
    9. Re:Cold fusion by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Keep in mind what it takes to keep a gasoline engine running, many, many, many moving parts inside, which all must be working perfectly or the whole thing goes to hell and it costs a lot to fix, and it usually wears out after a few hundred thousand miles or sooner. They also have lots of added weight in mufflers, exhaust pipes, catalytic converters, gas tanks etc...

      Electric cars have... an engine, with 1 moving part and some battery packs. They have plenty of electricity to power A/C, Heat etc... no need for an Alternator, or complicated emissions tubing... all those systems can be electrical, instead of mechanical.

      Imagine maintainance with pure electric cars.... just change the tires every 50,000 miles, and the batteries maybe every 10+ years. Imagine the crazy savings over 10 years, maybe 20!!! Not just in gas, but oil changes, O2 Sensors, Air Filters and other maintainance that only mechanical engines need.

      I remember watching the video of one of the last remaining EV1 cars sitting at a museum, they charged it and drove it around, it was super fast, actually spinning the tires and the batteries were still perfectly fine, 10 years later! There was even a guy who took the Motor & Battery pack out of an EV1 and put it into what looked like a chevy S10 pickup truck, doing burnouts, he said he had been running it for nearly 7 years, with the original batteries.

      The only thing holding us back from pure electric cars, is charge time, and charging stations, there is no way I would wait hours at a station filling up, but 10 minutes I could happily do in exchange for ridding myself of a mechanical maze. And paying a couple hundred bucks for an electrician to have a power extension connected at my apartment complex would be well worth it to charge it overnight.

    10. Re:Cold fusion by iamhassi · · Score: 1

      "very efficient at annoying the neighbors with the noise. :-)"

      It's only used to charge the battery when it runs low so you would use the turbine very rarely.

      --
      my karma will be here long after I'm gone
    11. Re:Cold fusion by Idiomatick · · Score: 1

      Nuclear is pretty cheap per kWh. If you take away free money that other forms of energy production get then it is quite affordable. And the space it takes up is very small. Waste isn't a problem cept in the US (because you have laws which enforce waste problems). And high maintenance costs isn't quite right either, you were probably thinking high upfront costs (which is certainly true)...

      The reason people hate nuclear energy is because of fear and misinformation.

    12. Re:Cold fusion by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Gas turbine efficieny is 80% only if you use generated heat too.

    13. Re:Cold fusion by adolf · · Score: 1

      I'm not interested in CO2, and OP was writing about efficiency. And, where "efficiency", I mean "miles per dollar."

      Your CO2 discussion belongs in another thread (and I submit that it probably ends with nuclear energy being king, which is fine by me).

    14. Re:Cold fusion by daffy951 · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Sure, but who wants to buy a car that only gets 100 miles, then needs to be recharged every 50 miles?

      I do! My work is located ~15miles from my home and I could charge the car (for free!) all day while I'm working. A car which could go ~100 miles would cover almost all my personal transportation needs (not only to and from work), and if I would need to go longer I could rent or borrow another car (or take a bus / cab).

    15. Re:Cold fusion by Idiomatick · · Score: 2, Insightful

      That car might get 100mi on a charge but thats the market in Japan. If you are going further WTF wouldn't you take the train? It wouldn't make sense. The Tesla Model S gets 300mi to a charge; Thats Boston to Philadelphia in one go. Think about how often you make a trip that long... or half that long.

      A better way to put it, Would you be willing to take a 3~5minute break every 3hours of driving? To help the environment? I think that is a fairly minor lifestyle change at this point.

      Another point is that there is a world outside of the US. Newcastle to London is 300mi; Rome to Modena. In many places 300mi is horribly excessive. Hell, all of Ireland is 150mi across.

      Anyways I think the Volt is an amazing transition vehicle until infrastructure gets in place... eventually people will no longer feel the need to shell out x dollars for the turbine and it'll fade away.

    16. Re:Cold fusion by adolf · · Score: 1

      Electric engines are roughly 3-4 times as efficient as gasoline ones. So you get 3-4 times the effective energy density out of batteries.

      Please explain what you mean. Your premise and conclusion are not related, which makes your statement completely nonsensical.

      Sure it makes sense. Batteries 30% as energy dense as gasoline will move your car further than the same mass of gasoline. In other words energy density alone is a silly measure, granted even with that the difference is something like 15 times.

      Please re-read what you actually wrote (not what you thought you were writing) and understand the basic concepts of premise and conclusion. You started out talking about a comparison between "electric engines" and gasoline engines, while ending with a conclusion about batteries.

      What you wrote was like saying the following: "Oranges are roughly 3-4 times more healthful than apples. So you get 3-4 times as much healthfulness from an acre of oranges." The premise is that that oranges are more healthful. But that premise does not lead to the conclusion that an acre of orange trees is more healthful than an acre of apple trees. It might be, or it might not be; the argument presented doesn't fucking say.

      Which, you know, is why I asked for clarification. And your own "clarification" doesn't even support your argument.

      I'm actually being nice to you and ignoring your grievous factual errors, such as the fact that there are no electric engines in common use, though electric motors are very commonplace.

      I'll reply to the rest of your retort when you fix these things and show that you have a clue about what the fuck you're going on about, and demonstrate an ability to communicate your clue with others.

    17. Re:Cold fusion by bgarcia · · Score: 2, Interesting

      This might be a good second or third car, but it's not that practical as your main vehicle, and the fact that an electric vehicle must be charged nightly limits it to only being useful to homes with garages.

      Sure... currently. I wouldn't get this as my main vehicle. But an electric is perfect for my commuting vehicle. Especially if I can convince my employer to offer charging in our parking garage.

      Also, you need to think a little more long-term. If electrics start to become popular with the commuter crowd, then we'll see infrastructure developed to help support them. Cities will install charging stations in various parking spaces. I can imagine that one day we'll have major coast-to-coast highways with full-length induction charging available. Imagine being able to drive your electric car from New York to San Francisco, non-stop! You can't do that in a gas-fueled vehicle.

      --
      I'm a leaf on the wind. Watch how I soar.
    18. Re:Cold fusion by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      At the sizes we're talking about, modern gas turbines are pretty quiet.

    19. Re:Cold fusion by jimicus · · Score: 1

      Oh and you math geeks, figure out how many pounds of coal was burned to charge that battery halfway.

      How about none? I'm not a huge fan of nuclear power, but guess what runs the grid in much of Japan?

      I would say there was definitely some coal used for a number of reasons:

      1. Robert Llewellyn (who was in the video) is English.
      2. The rear number plates on the cars he drove past were yellow. British.
      3. The car he was driving had "I am a Mitsubishi electric car" down the side in English.
      4. When he drove up to the front gate, he explained to the guard why he was there in English.
      5. The charging station had an English UI and a dirty great sign in English saying "Charging station".

      I would therefore hazard a guess that he was at Mitsubishi's UK headquarters - and a significant percentage of the UK's power comes from coal.

    20. Re:Cold fusion by jonbryce · · Score: 1

      Another thing to point out is that Electric cars are not new. They were invented about 100 years before Diesel cars were invented, and diesel, and later petrol cars replaced electric because of their much better range.

    21. Re:Cold fusion by SenseiLeNoir · · Score: 1

      ok, quick check of economy (from a UK angle)

      here, we have Petrol at £1.18 per litre here, which is £5.36 per (imperial) gallon. Thats US$8.13

      My car does approx 24mpg in the real world (mainly city) so the cost per mile is about £0.22p.

      Now the Tesla (which is actually a sports car, unlike my car) does approx 300wh per mile, which means approx 3.3 miles per killowat hour. Nighttime Electricity is about 5p per kilowatt hour in my home, (other plans may be 9p, and at MOST 22p)

      so the tesla sports car does 1 mile for £0.015p at the cheapest rate, and £0.07p at the most expensive rate.

      Note there are other cars that are supposedly MUCH cheaper to run than the tesla.

      Finally assuming about 7000 miles per year,

      Petrol costs: £1540
      Electricity: £105 at cheapest, £490 at the most expensive.

      Add to the cost of running both types (services, etc), the savings gets greater.

      --
      Have a nice day!
    22. Re:Cold fusion by Teancum · · Score: 1

      Nuclear waste really isn't a problem.... as long as those who are involved in processing that waste can be trusted to not concentrate the waste products into bomb grade by-products along the way. That really is the main concern and worry about the issue, not really the disposing of the waste itself.

      Breeder reactors and some good centrifuges for separating different metals (particularly processes that cope with rare earth metals) is essentially all that is necessary for efficient and safe re-use of nuclear materials. Consistent recycling of the materials and being careful with the by products can substantially minimize the waste to the point that existing facilities for handling nuclear waste are all that are ever really necessary. Most of that would be "low level" radioactive waste which is much harder to reprocess in this manner.

      The largest problem with most of the nuclear reactors is that they tend to be one-off prototype facilities that do something very different than other nuclear power plants. This was certainly the problem with Chernobyl and Three Mile Island, where in both cases some sound nuclear engineering would completely avoid the problems that both of these facilities faced that caused problems. Japan and France at least have the right idea where they have come up with a "standard" reactor design that has a proven safety record and they are using that design repeatedly in a number of different facilities. This is also what the U.S. Navy uses for its nuclear powered ships.... about the only kind of new nuclear power plants that have been built in the USA.

    23. Re:Cold fusion by GaryOlson · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Your imagination hasn't had to drive long distances with women in the car. You have to stop at least once every 2 hours for them to go pee -- usually more frequently.

      --
      Every mans' island needs an ocean; choose your ocean carefully.
    24. Re:Cold fusion by Teancum · · Score: 1

      It should be pointed out that for a typical oil refinery, about as much energy (actually a fair bit more) is consumed in the form of electrical energy for the refining process than can possibly be recovered from the refined gasoline if it is burned at 100% efficiency. Yes, it is possible to burn oil instead of using electricity for some of that, but then again the same principle applies in terms of fuel efficiency for the refining process.

      In other words, even if you have something operating at 100% efficiency for gasoline consumption, it still is more efficient in terms of the "carbon footprint" and overall fossil fuel consumption to directly use the electricity for powering vehicle.

      The main difference between a purely electric vehicle and one with a gasoline engine of some sort or another is the added weight and maintenance costs associated with the upkeep of that gasoline (or other fuel) engine. An electric engine has relatively few moving parts, and those parts which do rub up against each other are relatively easy to replace or repair. The same can't be said about gasoline engines, particularly ones that are pushing the envelope for efficiency. Instead of just one engine that needs to be fixed if it breaks down, you have two engines that give you twice the headaches when things aren't working correctly and will impact each other too.

      The real key here is going to be energy storage devices, where hopefully there can be some progress in terms of increasing the energy density of those devices. While it certainly isn't improving at the rate of doubling every 18 months, there has been a fairly steady rise in energy densities from electrical storage devices over the past 30 years as the demand is certainly there for those companies who want to push different concepts. It is a large enough market that it gets the attention of Wall Street investors in a real hurry too. Even a 10% improvement is rewarded.

    25. Re:Cold fusion by tehcyder · · Score: 3, Insightful

      This is why SUVs have been so popular in the US despite their poor gas mileage. You can fit 5 to 7 adults comfortably and still have room for luggage.

      Whereas 90% of journeys have 1 adult and no luggage.

      --
      To have a right to do a thing is not at all the same as to be right in doing it
    26. Re:Cold fusion by Teancum · · Score: 1

      I live in the western USA, and 300 miles for a trip is really just a day trip that I do at least once a month or more. I even know people who routinely do a daily commute of that distance and more, so it isn't entirely uncommon. There are some that I know personally that drive over 150 miles just to get groceries. Driving distances of over 1000 miles in a single day are not uncommon either, although I'll admit that is some hard and long days for driving.

      I won't get into rail transport in the west, other than to note that once upon a time there was very efficient rail service for most of the western USA, but that has been since torn up and discarded with hundreds (thousands?) of train depots that have either been condemned and torn out or converted into non-transportation businesses. I have to drive over 100 miles just to get to Amtrack, which only comes by once every other day or so at that and you have to head into a part of town that you need to hire a private armed body guard just to make sure you can get to the platform alive (perhaps exaggerating a bit, but not too much). Travel by rail simply stinks.

    27. Re:Cold fusion by Teancum · · Score: 1

      In terms of miles per dollar, that is a real tricky number to come up with. Here are some thing to compare:

      Vehicle costs (electric vehicles costing more than ICE vehicle)
      Taxes (electric vehicle coming ahead, but not enough to offset the price of an ICE vehicle)
      Insurance (unknown if that makes any difference at all comparing vehicle types)
      Maintenance ("pure" electrical vehicles having fewer parts and needing less general maintenance, particularly near the end of life of the vehicle)
      Lifetime of the vehicle (unknown if an electric vehicle lasts as long or longer than ICE vehicle)

      Generally, per mile driven the cost of electricity even at residential rates is cheaper than the gasoline engine. The real killer comes from the expense of replacing the battery. This is done on an ICE engine periodically too, but an ICE battery is trivial in comparison. A Tesla Roadster battery has a cost on the order of $10,000-$15,000 and needs to be replaced at an interval of about every 5-10 years. I don't know what the Model S battery will cost, but it can't be all that trivial.

      What this really means is that a whole lot of variables go into the calculation of miles per dollar, and sometimes the comparisons are not as straight forward as they would seem. From my own back of the envelope comparison, I think it is now pretty much a wash in terms of which kind of vehicle is actually cheaper to operate in terms of a dollars per mile comparison. If you purchase used vehicles and are barely getting by paycheck to paycheck, an internal combustion engine vehicle of some type is currently the best way to go. If you are wealthy and are buying a new vehicle anyway, it might make more sense to put the money up front and buy an electric vehicle instead but that is mainly something as a "cool" factor rather than as a way to save money.

      In the long run, it may turn out that electric vehicles may be cheaper to build and to operate, especially if petroleum is harder to find and the price of it goes up substantially. There is also reason to believe that electrical power rates may stay steady or even decline depending on various technological breakthroughs that may or may not happen. As a hedge against future inflation, buying an electric vehicle might just be the best route to go.

    28. Re:Cold fusion by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Well, horses where very efficient compared to the first cars. I wonder if many made your very same claim comparing horses to cars when they first came out, even though they had around the same power.

    29. Re:Cold fusion by hrvatska · · Score: 1

      One approach to charging stations would be to have them scattered about at retail locations where people normally spend a bit of time, like super markets, malls, parking garages or golf courses. Employers could could provide charging stations in their parking lots as a benefit for working for them. The same RFID card that gives you access to the building would turn on the subsidized electricity that fuels your vehicle. Businesses could offer complementary charges to paying customers. Unlike gas stations, where large tanks of toxic material must be supplied, maintained, and monitored, charging stations seem like they could be placed in a much wider variety of locations. Just as ATMs were at one time only available at banks, but are now scattered about, charging stations do not need to be located in specialized locations. We can go from having to stop at specialized locations to fuel our vehicles, to a situation where charging stations are ubiquitous. In a scenario where you can easily fill up at any number of locations where you are normally going to be spending a bit of time, electric cars could end up being just as, or even more, convenient than ICE vehicles. Yes, there are millions of people for whom electric vehicles are not a viable alternative, but there are tens of millions of people that could get by just fine with an electric vehicle and easy access to fast charge charging stations.

    30. Re:Cold fusion by s122604 · · Score: 2, Insightful

      That's wonderful bunch of anecdotes, but it doesn't really invalidate the case for the electric vehicle.

      There are more people in NYC metro area (NYC, northern new Jersey, eastern CT) then there are in Wyoming, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Idaho, and Alaska combined....

    31. Re:Cold fusion by dbIII · · Score: 1

      Cheap? Then why hasn't Rupert Murdoch, Richard Branson, Donald Trump or many of the others that at some point have had enough spare cash to build a nuclear power plant actually done so? Note that you can't blame US laws for this since any of the above could build it in Mexico or wherever.

      The reason people think it's so good, cheap and "clean" is misinformation.
      Unfortunately maintanance costs are also high for this form of alternative energy once you get a large reactor. Pebble bed and a few other recent small reactor designs look as if they may be a lot cheaper to run.

    32. Re:Cold fusion by fifedrum · · Score: 2


      Sure, but who wants to buy a car that only gets 100 miles, then needs to be recharged every 50 miles? This might be a good second or third car, but it's not that practical as your main vehicle, and the fact that an electric vehicle must be charged nightly limits it to only being useful to homes with garages.

      Me! I want one. I've never commuted more than 30 miles a day round-trip, and currently I commute 4 miles to work, my wife commutes 6 miles to work, and the vast majority of our trips in a commuter vehicle would be 30 miles. Even the big days would be 50 miles, taking the kids to events, driving myself to teach (I run a fife and drum corps) 1/2 way around our city, or driving to/from our datacenter to play hands/feet is only 32 miles round-trip.

      That said... to avoid owning a dedicated trip-to-grandma's-vehicle I actually want a Volt for the reasons you cite, once a month or less trips to distant locations. And I want an all electic motorcycle too just for kicks. But I want my Volt in diesel, and I want to be able to plug my house into it, instead of it into my house, when there's a power outage or we need electricity camping or something.

    33. Re:Cold fusion by MrKaos · · Score: 1

      Nuclear waste really isn't a problem....

      Nuclear waste is a real problem once you understand the facts.

      --
      My ism, it's full of beliefs.
    34. Re:Cold fusion by cnaumann · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Electric cars will fail, and series hybrids like the Chevy Volt will succeed. When the batteries run low a gas generator keeps the batteries charged enough to power the vehicle. This is brilliant: I get my electric car for my short daily commutes, but I still have gas for those rare times when I need to drive hundreds of miles in a day. I have the best of both worlds with no sacrifices..

      And all those other times when you are not driving 100 miles in a day you are lugging around a heavy and useless generator. That you paid good money for. And when you are driving more than 100 miles a day, you are lugging around huge battery packs that are doing very little good (outside of some regenerative braking and acceleration boost which are negligible on the Interstate at a constant speed.) It sounds to me like the worst of both worlds. I think I would rather have a small all electric car to get me to work on a daily basis and a large gas SUV for longer trips (and it would be great if I could just rent the SUV when I needed it.)

      And no, you cannot get anywhere close to 80% efficiency with gas-in, electricty out turbines.

    35. Re:Cold fusion by Apple+Acolyte · · Score: 2, Insightful

      A substantial amount of the population drives less than 100 miles in a given multi-day period. I think an all electric car could be a primary vehicle for most purposes, while for longer trips a secondary gas or hybrid model would work.

      --
      Part of the hardcore faithful who believed in Apple long before it was cool again to do so
    36. Re:Cold fusion by MrKaos · · Score: 1

      Nuclear is pretty cheap per kWh. If you take away free money that other forms of energy production get then it is quite affordable.

      The breakdown of U.S energy research and development reported by the US DOE is roughly 60% for nuclear, 25% to fossil fuels and 15% to SUSTAINABLE energy sources. Wall Street doesn't like nuclear because its a risky investment, investors don't like that sort of risk, solar and wind are way ahead simply because the return on investment is much better than nuclear, i.e. Solar and wind satisfies the criteria that makes an investment "economically viable" nuclear power is only "economically viable" with substantial regulatory support.

      In addition to what I mentioned above you can add the 2005 U.S energy bill provided another $13 billion dollars worth of subsidies revocation of the Public Utilities Holding Company Act (PUHCA) which was put into law in 1935 to stop a re-occurrence of the 1929 stock market crash, now allowing the owners of nuclear power stations to syphon money from ratepayers. Half a billion dollars worth of subsidies for procuring companies (i.e oil companies) proposing "pre-approved" reactor designs, even if they don't build it, and a 1.8 cent per kilowatt hour tax credit if they do. The reality is if the Nuclear power industry was forced to cover it's own liability and fund itself it would cease to exist. I could go on and on but the bottom line is how can America, of all countries, continue to justify this form of corporate welfare?

      And high maintenance costs isn't quite right either, you were probably thinking high upfront costs (which is certainly true)...

      Standard and Poor's assessment of the Nuclear industry's financial viability "the industry's legacy of cost growth, technological problems, cumbersome political and regulatory oversight, and the newer risks brought about by competition and terrorism keep credit risk too high for even federal legislation that provides loan guarantees to overcome"

      An assessment supported by Britain's Royal Institute of International Affairs "even with an explicit tax on carbon-based power generation, new nuclear power plants cannot be economical without government subsidies"

      The reason people hate nuclear energy is because of fear and misinformation.

      Maybe people hate Nuclear power because when they educate themselves about it they discover how bad it is.

      --
      My ism, it's full of beliefs.
    37. Re:Cold fusion by MrKaos · · Score: 1

      I'm not interested in CO2, and OP was writing about efficiency. And, where "efficiency", I mean "miles per dollar."

      Your CO2 discussion belongs in another thread (and I submit that it probably ends with nuclear energy being king, which is fine by me).

      You speak of efficiency and Nuclear in the same post when reputable Nuclear scientists demonstrate that there is no net energy return from nuclear power. You can check their research I believe you will find it's been peer reviewed and constructed using using U.S government standards for industrial process measurement. So, actually, I think you will find that that thread ends with geothermal, solar and wind.

      --
      My ism, it's full of beliefs.
    38. Re:Cold fusion by yabos · · Score: 1

      I also think this is the future of general aviation. Commercial jets will remain with jet engines but I bet we start to see new light aircraft with electric motors and turbine generators. There's no room for heavy batteries in electric airplanes. The EPA is already trying to get aviation gasoline phased out since it contains lead still. Jet-A can run these(not gas) turbine generators and we will have one fuel instead of two. This may be a long ways off since there are a huge number of piston pounder airplanes out there.

    39. Re:Cold fusion by Rakishi · · Score: 1

      That you cannot comprehend simple argument without having all the assumptions explained is not my fucking problem. I don't really give a damn what you want, you're a random asshole on slashdot. No, you don't matter. Deal with it.

      If you want to use nitpicking to deflect from your own inability to counter my points go right ahead but no one is falling for it.

    40. Re:Cold fusion by Teancum · · Score: 1, Insightful

      So you are suggesting that a vehicle built for people living in NYC is a single solution appropriate for the rest of the country too?

      I've often said that people living in New York think that the western border of America appears on the Hudson River. New Jersey is a foreign country and the rest of America might as well not exist. Sentiments like this tend to make that kind of statement seem all that more appropriate.

      Of those that I've met who lived in NYC and then got out of that place to see the rest of America, most of them had to take driver's education when they left the Big Apple as the need for owning and operating your own private automobile simply wasn't there. An electric car vs. an internal combustion engine is not really a debate that is valid when neither is something that is being used.

      I will note that California has an infrastructure that is largely built around an automobile, with three hour commutes (in each direction) quite common as well. I'll also note that California has more people than both the New York and Boston metro areas combined. Yeah, it can make a difference, and there are more people in the "rest" of the country than these two regions of America combined as well.

    41. Re:Cold fusion by Questor+Thews · · Score: 1

      Same here. 100 miles is further than I go most times. And to not need to hit a gas station every week would be nice.

      --
      QT
    42. Re:Cold fusion by eth1 · · Score: 1

      Electric cars will fail, and series hybrids like the Chevy Volt will succeed. When the batteries run low a gas generator keeps the batteries charged enough to power the vehicle. This is brilliant: I get my electric car for my short daily commutes, but I still have gas for those rare times when I need to drive hundreds of miles in a day. I have the best of both worlds with no sacrifices.

      And how many thousands of dollars up-front and maintenance-wise does that gas engine add to the cost of the car? You could probably pay for quite a few road trips (including gasoline-powered-vehicle rental) with the difference. Plus you don't have to haul around a few hundred pounds of engine+gas the 99% of the time you don't need it, thus extending the electric range.

      Sure, if you travel long distances regularly, then a series hybrid is probably what you need. If you do so only rarely, then keep some of the money you save by getting an electric-only and use it to rent a more suitable vehicle when you actually need it.

    43. Re:Cold fusion by tycoex · · Score: 0

      I agree with this guy. Unless you are going on a camping trip every month it's much better just to rent your vacation vehicles. It's not very expensive and it saves a lot of wear on your car anyways, plus if anything happens it's not your car so you don't have to worry about it.

    44. Re:Cold fusion by halltk1983 · · Score: 1

      how many of the people in NYC have or want to buy cars?

      --
      Watch for Penguins, they eat Apples and throw rocks at Windows.
    45. Re:Cold fusion by cheesybagel · · Score: 1
      Actually turbines use a lot of fuel. Compare the fuel consumption of an M1 tank with a Leopard 2 for example.

      Turbines are known for their excellent power-to-weight ratio which means they are good for helicopters, or airplanes. Turbines are at their best efficiency when they are run at the same RPM all the time. You also cannot compare efficiency of a stationary turbine facility with heavy heat recuperation components, or water cooling towers, versus something you would actually use in a mobile application such as a car.

    46. Re:Cold fusion by cheesybagel · · Score: 1

      No. It is just that if the people who actually live in higher density areas converted to electric vehicles, the total nationwide consumption of fuel would go down. Way down. It is unnecessary to have a one vehicle type fits all solution.

    47. Re:Cold fusion by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      This is why SUVs have been so popular in the US despite their poor gas mileage.

      Wrong. Completely wrong.

      SUVs became popular because they became a status symbol. The fact that you can drive around without a care in the world about how much you spent on the vehicle, let alone gas, implies you're better off than the next guy. Its the classic my penis is bigger than your penis showcase.

      The simple fact is, more than 80% of all SUVs spend more than 90% of their mileage with a single occupant. In other words, 80% of SUV owners feel like they are inadequate 90% of the time.

    48. Re:Cold fusion by s122604 · · Score: 1

      Lots....
      Note, I'm not just talking about Manhattan (where contrary to mythology, lots of people have cars), but the whole NYC metro area (where even more people have cars)

      And thats really just an example, the only point I was trying to make was that trumpeting some use-case where an electric vehicle "won't work" as rationale as why they aren't viable is bunk..
      There are myriads of vehicle use-cases where they will work, and work well.

    49. Re:Cold fusion by adolf · · Score: 1

      I can't comprehend what you've written, because what you've written doesn't make any sense.

      You write about motor efficiency, and conclude that it has something to do with energy density of batteries. These things don't have anything to do with eachother.

      You write about overall efficiency, and conclude with links about CO2. These things also don't have anything to do with eachother.

      There isn't a point to be found. You're like an unshaven crazy person, mumbling to themselves on a street corner. Deal with it.

    50. Re:Cold fusion by Shotgun · · Score: 1

      Wait. You're saying that the same public that made movies about the dangers of cancer involved with living to close to power lines is going to happy drive next to an inductor that is emitting enough magnetic flux to power a car?

      Will the car come with a warning to remove all metal objects from your person? Cause I could see a wedding band getting hot enough to permanently burn itself into place (not that I would ever consider removing it).

      --
      Aah, change is good. -- Rafiki
      Yeah, but it ain't easy. -- Simba
    51. Re:Cold fusion by s122604 · · Score: 1

      Of those that I've met who lived in NYC and then got out of that place to see the rest of America, most of them had to take driver's education when they left the Big Apple as the need for owning and operating your own private automobile simply wasn't there.
      Oh well then, that settles it, your anecdote proves that the NYC area is a carless/driverless utopia. Somebody needs to tell this to all of the owners of parking garages, parking services, mechanics, auto-dealerships in the area before they all go broke

      I will note that California has an infrastructure that is largely built around an automobile, with three hour commutes (in each direction) quite common as well. I'll also note that California has more people than both the New York and Boston metro areas combined

      Right, because there is no single driver use-case in CA that would fit the profile of a modern EV, like the leaf, so go ahead, put all 50 million Californians in your camp...

      I've often said that people living in New York think that the western border of America appears on the Hudson River. New Jersey is a foreign country and the rest of America might as well not exist. Sentiments like this tend to make that kind of statement seem all that more appropriate.
      Oh please, laying the Urban V Rural working class hero shtick on just a little think aren't you?

      I'm 8 hours away from NYC myself.. I was just making a point that you appear to be determined not understand, just because it might not work for you, doesn't mean it won't work for a lot of folks, the majority of folks actually..

    52. Re:Cold fusion by Shotgun · · Score: 1

      Sure it makes sense. Batteries 30% as energy dense as gasoline will move your car further than the same mass of gasoline.

      Do keep in mind that the typical ICE will injest 12 to 17 pounds of air for every pound of gasoline the vehicle carries. That is the air to fuel ratio. 12 lbs of air for every pound of gasoline when more power is required. 17 to 1, during efficiency cruise. On most of the Earth's surface, the vehicle doesn't need to carry the air with it. The engine just sucks in the air surrounding it.

      Let me know when the batteries start carrying their oxidant, and we can start comparing EFFECTIVE energy densities in some sane manner.

      --
      Aah, change is good. -- Rafiki
      Yeah, but it ain't easy. -- Simba
    53. Re:Cold fusion by GooberToo · · Score: 1

      Also series hybrids means we can finally use turbines: gas turbines are the most efficient engine. While a gasoline engine is only 20-30% efficient, a gas turbine is over 80% efficient. In 1999 GM made a EV1 Series hybrid using a turbine generator. The vehicle achieved up to 100mpg while charging the battery using 90s technology and a 220 lbs turbine (modern turbines are much smaller)

      Proof you have no idea what you're talking about.

      Turbines are mechanically efficiency but pragmatically incredibly inefficient, extremely costly, noisy, and consume vast quantities of fuel. Unless you commonly drive around at 30,000 - 40,000 feet above sea level, turbines are an absolutely dumb idea. That's the reason they completely failed in the 1950s when they were placed into cars. That's also the primary reason jets tend to cruise at those altitudes.

      Turbines are very slow to spool up and produce vast quantities of heat while requiring vast quantities of air and fuel. The denser the air (closer to sea level), the more fuel is required to maintain efficient consumption of fuel. Not to mention, a simple screw up in the air/fuel mixture during start results in what is called a "hot start". Which basically means you just destroyed the internals of your turbines by drastically exceeding component temperature limits, and it must be largely, if not completely, replaced.

      This, of course, all ignores that in order to maintain efficient combustion turbines must not only be manufactured using "space age" materials to extremely expensive tolerances, but they must be maintained at such tolerances. So every couple of years (probably every 2,000-2,500 hours, less if you live near dirty/sandy environments), assuming a fairly small turbine, something like $10,000 - $20,000 for an overhaul; excluding worn parts replacements. Not to mention, constant maintenance on air filters and oil changes. For you see, for every tiny particulate which makes its way past the filter brings that looming overhaul ever closer to now. Don't forget, one turbine blade can literally cost thousands of dollars. Oh, and you likely added $20,000 - $40,000 dollars to the vehicle's sticker price; assuming mass production.

      Bluntly, the odds of seeing nuclear cars are only slightly worse than seeing turbine powered road vehicles any time soon.

    54. Re:Cold fusion by DragonWriter · · Score: 1

      The reason people hate nuclear energy is because of fear and misinformation.

      Is it "fear and misinformation" that makes the nuclear industry unwilling to build new plants without both direct subsidies and special shields from liability for actual harm in the case of accidents that other power generating industries don't get, or is it, you know, that they've done the math on the actual costs and risks and want to make sure other people are paying both part of the upfront costs and assuming all of the catastrophic risk?

    55. Re:Cold fusion by GooberToo · · Score: 1

      Also, food for thought. Why is it you commonly see diesel-electric but not turbine-electric for applications used near sea level? Exactly - because turbines are a horrible ideas.

    56. Re:Cold fusion by iamhassi · · Score: 1

      "...if I can convince my employer to offer charging in our parking garage... then we'll see infrastructure developed to help support them... Cities will install charging stations in various parking spaces..."

      Gee, putting charging stations everywhere doesn't sound expensive, and I suppose they should raise taxes to pay for all of this? No thanks, I'll stick with the series hybrids, and on the rare occasion when I travel over 40 miles and the battery gets low I'll pull in any of the millions of existing gas stations.

      --
      my karma will be here long after I'm gone
    57. Re:Cold fusion by iamhassi · · Score: 1

      "If you are going further WTF wouldn't you take the train?"

      Train?? What train? Where do you live where there's trains everywhere. Most the US lives 100+ miles from a train station.

      "Tesla Model S gets 300mi to a charge; Thats Boston to Philadelphia in one go. "

      Great, and when you get there you better hope you find a charging station otherwise you're not getting back. Also remember that's "up to 300 miles", just like my laptop is "up to 6 hrs".

      --
      my karma will be here long after I'm gone
    58. Re:Cold fusion by iamhassi · · Score: 1

      "NYC metro area (NYC, northern new Jersey, eastern CT)"

      Oh, you mean where they had the second largest blackout of all time for 48 hours?

      --
      my karma will be here long after I'm gone
    59. Re:Cold fusion by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Sure, but who wants to buy a car that only gets 100 miles, then needs to be recharged every 50 miles? This might be a good second or third car, but it's not that practical as your main vehicle.

      You have it backwards. The vast majority of people don't need to drive more than 100 miles on a daily basis. This is extremely practical as a primary vehicle; it's the large-capacity car that can go 600 miles without stopping (but eats gas or diesel) that is more practical as a second or third vehicle.

    60. Re:Cold fusion by Rei · · Score: 1

      Yep. The proper number is right before that in the quote:

      Typical microturbine efficiencies are 25 to 35%. When in a combined heat and power cogeneration system, efficiencies of greater than 80% are commonly achieved.

      Sorry, but Carnot's Law will not be disrespected like that ;)

      As for the "second and third" car thing... yeah, what's wrong with that? There are sixty million American households with two or more cars. How fast do you really think electric car production is going to be scaled up? Low hanging fruit will obviously be the first target; there's not going to be enough production to replace every car on the roads for decades, even if everyone wanted one. But decades from now, the picture will be totally different. Batteries increase in energy density by about 8% per year. Do the math.

      --
      Trump's plan to get rid of Mueller appears to be 'be so guilty of so many things that Mueller works himself to death.'
    61. Re:Cold fusion by Rei · · Score: 1

      Huh. Apparently where you live, gas station pumps work during a blackout.

      --
      Trump's plan to get rid of Mueller appears to be 'be so guilty of so many things that Mueller works himself to death.'
    62. Re:Cold fusion by Rei · · Score: 1
      --
      Trump's plan to get rid of Mueller appears to be 'be so guilty of so many things that Mueller works himself to death.'
    63. Re:Cold fusion by Rei · · Score: 1

      Wow, Michael Bay, is that you?

      Meanwhile, back in reality...

      --
      Trump's plan to get rid of Mueller appears to be 'be so guilty of so many things that Mueller works himself to death.'
    64. Re:Cold fusion by Rei · · Score: 1

      Gee, putting charging stations everywhere doesn't sound expensive, and I suppose they should raise taxes to pay for all of this? No thanks, I'll stick with the series hybrids, and on the rare occasion when I travel over 40 miles and the battery gets low I'll pull in any of the millions of existing gas stations.

      1900s iamhassi: "Gee, putting gas stations everywhere doesn't sound expensive, and I suppose they should raise taxes to pay for all this? No thanks, I'll stick with the horse, and on the rare occasions when I travel over 40 miles and I need to feed the horse, I'll pull into any of the millions of existing places that sell oats."

      --
      Trump's plan to get rid of Mueller appears to be 'be so guilty of so many things that Mueller works himself to death.'
    65. Re:Cold fusion by Rei · · Score: 1

      The nice thing about electricity is that it's so cheap that it's not all that expensive of a perk or loss leader. Even a free outlet that's merely 110V could draw EV owners, but a vehicle hooked up to it for an hour would only cost you about 15 cents.

      --
      Trump's plan to get rid of Mueller appears to be 'be so guilty of so many things that Mueller works himself to death.'
    66. Re:Cold fusion by Rei · · Score: 1

      Actually, the motor does come into the discussion. Namely, because while batteries are much heavier than gasoline per unit energy (and even per unit range, although not nearly as much), electric motors are notably *lighter* than internal combustion engines. So you're increasing some weight while decreasing other weight. Overall, currently, electric vehicles tend to be heavier, but it won't take a huge jump for the weight savings in the drivetrain to offset the weight increase in the "fuel".

      --
      Trump's plan to get rid of Mueller appears to be 'be so guilty of so many things that Mueller works himself to death.'
    67. Re:Cold fusion by Rei · · Score: 1

      They actually were a staunch competitor around the turn of the century. The combination of the electric starter, the assembly line production of gasoline vehicles, and major improvements in gasoline vehicle performance killed them. They relied on PbA (and to a lesser extent, NiFe) batteries. There wasn't much better than that for the majority of the 20th century. NiCd came out later, then NiMH, and now li-ion -- each a huge jump over their predecessors. Gasoline technology has not remained stagnant, but it hasn't had the nearly order of magnitude improvement seen in batteries. Which is why they're getting a new lease on life.

      Batteries have been increasing in energy density by about 8% per year for the past 20 years. The rate only seems to be increasing, and there's literally dozens of lab techs that could continue to carry that rate for decades more. It's like a sort of mini-Moore's Law. I find it very doubtful gasoline can keep up its lead indefinitely.

      --
      Trump's plan to get rid of Mueller appears to be 'be so guilty of so many things that Mueller works himself to death.'
    68. Re:Cold fusion by adolf · · Score: 1

      *sigh*

      Let's look at one car which is available in both EV and gas-fired form: the Tesla Roadster. At 2,723 lbs curb weight, it's by no means a very heavy car, thanks in large part to a bunch of carbon fiber bodywork and other composites.

      However, the the gasoline counterpart (a Lotus Elise) weighs only about 2,000 pounds depending on options, and does so with a fiberglass body.

      Not fair, since Lotus and Tesla are two different companies? Fine. A 2001 RAV4 EV, at 3,440 pounds, versus the gasoline version at 2,777 pounds.

      Either way, it looks like a trend that an electric vehicle weighs about 700 pounds more than a non-electric. That's not trading a bit of drivetrain mass for fuel mass, that's seven hundred pounds more stuff.

      Shaving 700 pounds from any car is a massive challenge. Doing it without compromising safety, in an affordable fashion, at marketable scale is a tortuously difficult if not currently impossible.

    69. Re:Cold fusion by Rei · · Score: 1

      What part of your post contradicted anything I wrote?

      The Tesla Roadster's battery pack weighs about 1000 lbs. The vehicle is about 700lbs heavier than the Elise. Hence, if the battery energy density increased to 3.4x of what it is now, the vehicle would be *lighter* than the Elise.

      Battery energy densities have increased by about 8% per year for the past 20 years. Let's ignore that drivetrains are getting lighter, too. The current 8% rate, if anything, is speeding up, not slowing down, and there are plenty of techs that could easily carry it for decades more. This means that in 16 years, a vehicle like the Roadster would be *lighter* than its gasoline equivalent.

      Hence my post, above.

      --
      Trump's plan to get rid of Mueller appears to be 'be so guilty of so many things that Mueller works himself to death.'
    70. Re:Cold fusion by Rei · · Score: 1

      Oh, and as for the Rav4 EV: heavier, more primitive drivetrain, and dramatically lower range than the Roadster, but the same weight increase. That's what a decade of tech advancements gets you.

      I really shouldn't downplay the advancements in the powertrain, by the way. Modern power electronics have allowed for huge advancements in AC induction motors for EVs. Look at the Roadster itself -- it's 0-60 time was supposed to require a two-gear transmission to achieve. They ultimately found out that they couldn't affordably source such a transmission that wouldn't break under the stress. But by then, IGBTs had advanced enough that they could just soup up the inverter enough to compensate (along with other changes to the motor and cabling). Most of the hardware remained unaffected -- almost like plugging in a faster CPU.

      --
      Trump's plan to get rid of Mueller appears to be 'be so guilty of so many things that Mueller works himself to death.'
    71. Re:Cold fusion by Xyrus · · Score: 1

      It's not the noise so much as the heat. Turbine exhaust is much hotter than normal exhaust. You wouldn't want to be in NYC on a hot summer day surrounded by turbine based cars. Urban heat island wouldn't begin to describe it.

      Of course, in order to reach high efficiencies you have to handle the waste heat in a meaningful way (otherwise it isn't very efficient). That can be tricky inside the frame of a car.

      --
      ~X~
    72. Re:Cold fusion by ashitaka · · Score: 1

      Sorry, but you are dead wrong.

      In 2001 oil made up 50% of Japan's electrical energy production, coal 17%, nuclear 14%, natural gas 13% and hydroelectric contributing only 4%. Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_in_Japan#Electricity_generation

      Japan is VERY dependent upon imported oil and LNG hence the aggressive solar programs and attempts to upgrade nuclear facilities in the face of considerable opposition.

      --
      If you don't want to repeat the past, stop living in it.
    73. Re:Cold fusion by MattskEE · · Score: 1

      If the efficiency of the turbine engine is indeed higher than in an internal combustion engine, then the total heat in the turbine exhaust must be less for a given amount of energy production. Otherwise it would violate conservation of energy.

      There may be challenges in dealing with the exhaust if the temperature is higher, but the overall heat load on the car is reduced so that probably gives them more wiggle room.

    74. Re:Cold fusion by douglasunderhill · · Score: 1

      A 5 speed 95 saturn wagon can carry 5 adult and luggage, and get 32mpg combined (i own one)
      SUV's are just status symbols. Proof that poorly endowed asswipes care more about their self-image, then what is good for us all.

      http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/688493/new_study_shows_small_men_prefer_big.html?cat=47

    75. Re:Cold fusion by dbIII · · Score: 1

      It appears I was basing my statement on an old article from the early 1990s, and that may not have been entirely accurate either. Thanks for the correction.

    76. Re:Cold fusion by bgarcia · · Score: 1

      Wait. You're saying that the same public that made movies about the dangers of cancer involved with living to close to power lines is going to happy drive next to an inductor that is emitting enough magnetic flux to power a car?

      If you are constantly charging during the entire drive, you don't need a fast charge. It should requires no more electric power than what's carried in the electric lines that are running through the walls of your house right now.

      These same people will happily put radiation devices up to their heads several times a day just to talk to friends & relatives. I think they'll be fine with induction charging. It would also be fine to have a single lane with charging capabilities, and only install them where the road goes through sparsely-populated areas.

      --
      I'm a leaf on the wind. Watch how I soar.
    77. Re:Cold fusion by bgarcia · · Score: 1

      Gee, putting charging stations everywhere doesn't sound expensive, and I suppose they should raise taxes to pay for all of this?

      Cmon now, think like a capitalist. You can charge for use of that charging station! It can be offered as a perk of working at that company, or visiting that mall. The government doesn't necessarily have to do it.

      --
      I'm a leaf on the wind. Watch how I soar.
    78. Re:Cold fusion by Idiomatick · · Score: 1

      I said japan didn't I....

    79. Re:Cold fusion by Idiomatick · · Score: 1

      In new jersey they just stole gas from other people's cars.

    80. Re:Cold fusion by Idiomatick · · Score: 1

      Nuclear power makes up 20% of energy production in the US. 49% of it coal, 22% gas (both dirty energy).

      From EIA:
      Coal Maintenance costs: 0.67
      Nuclear Maintenance costs: 1.46
      Coal Fuel costs: 2.30
      Nuclear Fuel costs: 0.57

      Coal total production costs: 2.97
      Nuclear total production costs: 2.03

      So nuclear is the cheapest day to day energy producer (obviously it has large upfront costs) even compared to coal. And it is by far the cheapest of the clean energies. As for the subsidies, Nuclear produces 14x as much energy as Wind and 1000x as much energy as Solar.

      And even given all that I was unable to find data that showed total Nuclear subsidies so high compared to 'renewables' subsidies. According to the EIA's site in 2007 renewables got 4.9billion and nuclear got 1.3billion in tax breaks and subsidies. Gas and coal each getting more in subsidies as well than nuclear. http://www.eia.doe.gov/oiaf/servicerpt/subsidy2/pdf/execsum.pdf

      Could you get some numbers to back up the claim that solar or wind comes even remotely close to nuclear power in terms of costs per kwh without any subsidies? Because I'm pretty sure there are no such figures from unbiased reputable sources (IEA/EIA/OECD). (FYI all of my info was from eia).

    81. Re:Cold fusion by MrKaos · · Score: 1

      So nuclear is the cheapest day to day energy producer (obviously it has large upfront costs) even compared to coal.

      It's ridiculous that the figures you mention don't include the reactor construction costs, I've seen them before and apply to the output of old and established reactors. The other costs that aren't included are

      • managing pollution
      • accidents
      • insurance
      • protection from terrorists
      • inevitable decommissioning costs

      Even Westinghouse says that if Natural gas goes back to $3.5 per MBtu nuclear power ceases to become competitive even with artificial estimates. In Australia NSW *alone* has over a Trillion barrels in coal seam gas reserves and Hurrican Katrina disrupted gas supplies in the U.S so severely that the price is still artificially high. So it's not unreasonable to expect gas prices to fall as production increases.

      M.I.T's paper "The Future of Nuclear Power" finds the cost of nuclear power from new plants to be 60% higher than coal when construction and maintenance costs of both types of plants are included.

      Could you get some numbers to back up the claim that solar or wind comes even remotely close to nuclear power in terms of costs per kwh without any subsidies?

      2005 U.S energy bill and The Price Anderson Act will be a good place for you to start to understand where the subsides come from. The figures I cited come from Congressional Research Services and represent DOE R&D spending from 1948-1998 and is in 1999 dollars whereas the figure you cite differ (I haven't fully absorbed them).

      Because I'm pretty sure there are no such figures from unbiased reputable sources

      I would hope these sources are reputable enough.

      --
      My ism, it's full of beliefs.
  9. The Dept of Redundancy would like to have a word.. by Qubit · · Score: 1

    Designed to comply with the CHAdeMo standard...the system is capable of charging a 2011 Mitsubishi i-Miev from empty to 50% full in just three minutes. Even just three minutes plugged in...enable[d] a standard 2011 Mitsubishi i-Miev to travel a further 50 miles before further charging was required."

    Good job being.... very redundant? I supposed you'll want some kind of gold star or something...

    Speaking of education, guess what time it is? That's right, it's Mathdot Time!.

    Usually around this time I whip out my trusty calculator (and before those mod-point-endowed HP-calculator /.-ers down-mod me into oblivion, yes, "RPN FTW!"), but in this case I think we can just use the power of our brains. Just try not to think too hard or you might hurt your brain.

    And...it's a story problem!

    If samzenpus can charge his 2011 Mitsubishi i-Miev from empty to 50% full in just three minutes, and if three minutes plugged in...enable[s] his standard 2011 Mitsubishi i-Miev to travel a further 50 miles, what is the range of his vehicle?

    100 miles? That's it?

    Okay, yeah, apparently electric cars are kind of screwed...

    --

    coding is life /* the rest is */
  10. Free Car Charge with $50 Grocery Purchase by bill_mcgonigle · · Score: 1

    see subject. Coming soon. (disclaimer: 2010 Dollars).

    --
    My God, it's Full of Source!
    OUTSIDE_IP=$(dig +short my.ip @outsideip.net)
  11. Still too slow, Hydrogen is endgame by SuperKendall · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Even three minutes is a long time to spend actually at the charger, and as another poster noted that produces a hell of a load on the electrical grid which limits the practicality of deployment for further speed improvements in charging.

      I saw an article a bit ago doing the math about how many cars can move through a electric equivalent of a gas station, and something like 10x more gasoline powered cars are able to fuel up FULLY over the course of an hour. And of course if you are only charging for 50 miles station congestion will only be worse.

    Purely electric cars are simply not a practical thing, and really don't mesh well with how people like to use cars in America.

    That's why I think the alternative fuel of choice will (and should) be Hydrogen. People (consumers and stations and providers) already know how to deal with liquids, it's just an adaptation of existing infrastructure.

    Yes it's bloody hard to store and expensive to produce right now. But imagine how much less so it would be (especially production) if the same amount of money were being poured into R&D around Hydrogen cars as we see being poured into electric and solar power.

    --
    "There is more worth loving than we have strength to love." - Brian Jay Stanley
    1. Re:Still too slow, Hydrogen is endgame by Lloyd_Bryant · · Score: 1

      That's why I think the alternative fuel of choice will (and should) be Hydrogen. People (consumers and stations and providers) already know how to deal with liquids, it's just an adaptation of existing infrastructure.

      Hydrogen is only liquid at temperatures below -250C - I doubt there are many consumers and stations and providers that have any experience with cryo temperature liquids...

      --
      Don't tell me to get a life. I had one once. It sucked.
    2. Re:Still too slow, Hydrogen is endgame by NeMon'ess · · Score: 2, Informative

      I saw an article a bit ago doing the math about how many cars can move through a electric equivalent of a gas station, and something like 10x more gasoline powered cars are able to fuel up FULLY over the course of an hour.

      That's why there's an alternative proposition to use replaceable battery packs. Pull the car in to the station and a mechanical device removes the tamper-resistant-and-registered bank of batteries from the car. Then it lifts a charged pack in. This also means the owners don't have to spend thousands of dollars after so many charges for a new set of batteries.

    3. Re:Still too slow, Hydrogen is endgame by Calinous · · Score: 1

      Most of the time I spend in a station is dedicated to going to the desk, paying, looking around if I happen to need/want something from the fuel station's shop, and going back to the car (maybe cleaning windows or checking the tire pressure). Fueling is quick, and I wouldn't care if it took thrice as much.

    4. Re:Still too slow, Hydrogen is endgame by moonbender · · Score: 1

      Heaven forbid people change the way they use cars in America. Hopefully they won't have a choice.

      --
      Switch back to Slashdot's D1 system.
    5. Re:Still too slow, Hydrogen is endgame by luther349 · · Score: 1

      full electric cars are not piratical but hybreds are and im not talking the garbage the big 3 toss out. look up the alero hybred car sold in California it gets 300mpg bein its a full electric car with a simple gas generator keeping the batteries charged, big ranges are possible with eltric cars its the big auto makers holding it back being they all own stock in oil company's, also the alero gets 150mpg on batteries alone. btw aleo is priced the same as sports or luxury car being its a cheap and simple desine.. piggio also make a hybrd scooter that gets 150mpg packing a 250cc electric assist motor. barly a scooter more a motocycle.

    6. Re:Still too slow, Hydrogen is endgame by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Purely electric cars are simply not a practical thing, and really don't mesh well with how people like to use cars in America.

      Yep, it's like these computer things I keep hearing about - Americans don't use computers much, so I don't see how they will ever catch on.

    7. Re:Still too slow, Hydrogen is endgame by Zebedeu · · Score: 2, Insightful

      But all of that is mitigated by the fact that you can charge at home.

      For the daily commute with an electric, most people wouldn't even have to stop at a gas (electricity?) station.
      If you imaging only 10% of the people would be using the station to recharge, then the usage would be pretty similar to that of the current gas stations.

      The weekends could be worse, though.

    8. Re:Still too slow, Hydrogen is endgame by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Maybe people in America will need to learn to use cars differently.

    9. Re:Still too slow, Hydrogen is endgame by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The article you read is outdated and liquid hydrogen is nowhere near being usable as a fuel and not something you want average Joe to handle.

      Purely electric cars are a very practical thing and is currently in use. What we need now is a decade or two to adapt and refine the systems to get it to the same level as traditional cars.

    10. Re:Still too slow, Hydrogen is endgame by IflyRC · · Score: 1

      One other thing to consider is that fast charging is not good for a battery. Some cell chemistries handle it ok but many of the cells on the market today wear out faster by fast charging.

    11. Re:Still too slow, Hydrogen is endgame by tehcyder · · Score: 1

      Even three minutes is a long time to spend actually at the charger,

      What, as compared to the zero seconds it takes to fill up with gas?

      --
      To have a right to do a thing is not at all the same as to be right in doing it
    12. Re:Still too slow, Hydrogen is endgame by Danse · · Score: 1

      I saw an article a bit ago doing the math about how many cars can move through a electric equivalent of a gas station, and something like 10x more gasoline powered cars are able to fuel up FULLY over the course of an hour.

      That's why there's an alternative proposition to use replaceable battery packs. Pull the car in to the station and a mechanical device removes the tamper-resistant-and-registered bank of batteries from the car. Then it lifts a charged pack in. This also means the owners don't have to spend thousands of dollars after so many charges for a new set of batteries.

      So who will be taking old battery packs out of circulation then? Who pays for replacing them, and how?

      --
      It's not enough to bash in heads, you've got to bash in minds. - Captain Hammer
    13. Re:Still too slow, Hydrogen is endgame by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      > People (consumers and stations and providers) already know how to deal with liquids, it's just an adaptation of existing infrastructure.

      But people have never used electric plugs before, and they aren't adaptations of existing infrastructure?

      Personally, I've plugged and unplugged a lot more power cords than gallons of liquid hydrogen. It's kind of neat to see things dunked in liquid nitrogen and then easily shattered, though.

    14. Re:Still too slow, Hydrogen is endgame by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      1) Hydrogen is not a fuel, it's a storage medium like a battery
      2) cryogenic storage is hard
      3) hydrogen diffuses out of any container you can build
      4) Hydrogen embrittles any container you put it in
      5) liquefying the hydrogen takes lots of energy
      6) hydrogen doesn't have a good energy density

      These are all basic physical and chemical problems. You can't engineer physics away. Wanna think that through again?

    15. Re:Still too slow, Hydrogen is endgame by YrWrstNtmr · · Score: 1

      But all of that is mitigated by the fact that you can charge at home.

      If you live in a house with a garage. If you live in an apartment, charging at home becomes more problematic. Not insurmountable, just a harder problem to solve.

    16. Re:Still too slow, Hydrogen is endgame by swillden · · Score: 2, Insightful

      So who will be taking old battery packs out of circulation then? Who pays for replacing them, and how?

      You could just be buying and selling battery packs every time you refill. Over time, as a pack degrades, it becomes less valuable until eventually it's not usable by anyone who drives farther than the grocery store, and then not even them. At that point, the pack is being bought and sold for little more than its scrap value, so either the filling station or the vehicle owner may choose to scrap it.

      The value of a battery pack has four components:

      1. The current capacity (higher-capacity batteries will get you further before you have to stop for another swap).
      2. The net present value of the future capacities in each usage cycle (effectively, the longevity of the battery).
      3. The scrap value of the battery components.
      4. The value of the currently-stored energy.

      Given reliable ways to measure 1, 2 and 4, I think it would be possible to create a robust and fair market for battery packs. The biggest challenge would be establishing a system for valuing capacity. The problem is that it wouldn't be a linear -- a 100-mile capacity is worth more than twice as much as a 50-mile capacity, even ignoring the issue of capacity in future cycles. But you can't just establish a curve by fiat; it needs to be market-driven. If the battery valuation were based on a national battery market, and stations were required by regulation to use current exchange prices for battery purchases/sales (perhaps plus a small service charge), then stations would still be free to compete on the price of the energy they add to the batteries.

      Too complicated to work? Maybe. Making it work at all requires having very reliable and standardized ways to measure current capacity and estimate future capacity. It's a possibility, though.

      --
      Note to ACs: I usually delete AC replies without reading them. If you want to talk to me, log in.
    17. Re:Still too slow, Hydrogen is endgame by SuperKendall · · Score: 1

      You can't engineer physics away

      Electric cars have that exact same problem due to battery challenges and energy feeds, but more drawbacks in everyday use (like large bulky energy packs that take up a lot of weight in a car).

      --
      "There is more worth loving than we have strength to love." - Brian Jay Stanley
    18. Re:Still too slow, Hydrogen is endgame by Shotgun · · Score: 1

      I saw an article a bit ago doing the math about how many cars can move through a electric equivalent of a gas station, and something like 10x more gasoline powered cars are able to fuel up FULLY over the course of an hour.

      So, just change your idea of what a "gas station" is.

      In the past, the general store BECAME the "gas station". Later, "gas stations" became "convenience stores".

      How about if your grocery store became a gas station? An RFID would make it easy to make micropayments for the charge you get while getting groceries. How about your local restaurant? Think they might like to tack on another revenue stream? You spend more than 3 minutes walking from the remote corner of the lot to the mall's front door. No reason there can be a few chargers placed around the mall parking lot.

      Each of these options would allow for a much slower charging rate, which is much easier on the battery and the power grid, and require practically NO time from the driver.

      --
      Aah, change is good. -- Rafiki
      Yeah, but it ain't easy. -- Simba
    19. Re:Still too slow, Hydrogen is endgame by NeMon'ess · · Score: 1

      The stations take the packs out of circulation, but they might not own the packs. Nissan and dedicated battery companies could own the packs and be responsible for recycling and disposal. The consumers ultimately pay for the packs.

    20. Re:Still too slow, Hydrogen is endgame by SuperKendall · · Score: 1

      How about if your grocery store became a gas station? An RFID would make it easy to make micropayments for the charge you get while getting groceries. How about your local restaurant?

      That's a lot of equipment and wiring to install, all over the place - people don't want to live in a world where you have to remember to plug in everywhere you go, like laptop users did before batteries got good. It's a pain in the butt and it STILL doesn't solve the load problem of rush hour charging in a world where all cars are electric.

      In the end there is going to be one technology dominant for alternative energy, so you have to figure out the system that can replace EVERY car and just just a handful.

      --
      "There is more worth loving than we have strength to love." - Brian Jay Stanley
    21. Re:Still too slow, Hydrogen is endgame by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I think that might be true, now, but that's likely to change. There's plenty of power out there. Right now we have very limited sized batteries (and maybe this is an unsolvable problem, I doubt that). And right now we have expensive pv cells. But even with current batteries, if you could put a decent, inexpensive, set of solar cells on there.... The typical car spends *most* of its time sitting around.

      This won't help cross country travel, that's where the fast charging would be needed. But if commuters are preferring the onboard charging they won't be relying on the fast charging.

      Also, the assumption that 50 miles is enough range between gas stations don't hold true in Nebraska. Especially during winter months where that 50 miles turns into 25.

    22. Re:Still too slow, Hydrogen is endgame by Shotgun · · Score: 1

      At some point in the past, business owners found it profitable to install huge tanks and multiple pumps to sell gasoline. Running some wires to install a charging station is cheap in comparison.

      The answer to the "plugging it in" problem also has a simple solution. Make the plug "drive-in". It would require some standardization, but basically a phalus extends from a charging device, with a cover that requires considerable force to drive back. Steel rails guide the vehicle as the drivers steers it into the plug. Less work than today's filler up procedure.

      --
      Aah, change is good. -- Rafiki
      Yeah, but it ain't easy. -- Simba
  12. Re:The Dept of Redundancy would like to have a wor by mmcxii · · Score: 1

    100 miles? That's it?

    It's a step in the right direction.

    For my driving habits this would nearly work* and I would only have a couple of reservations. Early adopters normally put up with a bit of pain to help spur a technology along. If this car would be available at a competitive price point I might actually buy one knowing that it is a stepping stone to what people really envision being offered in an electronic car.

    * This car wouldn't have worked for 3 trips, that I can think of, in the last 2 years.

  13. Misleading summary by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Great, so after 3 minutes--the time it takes to fill up my gas tank--I can go 50 miles. 5 minutes for 70%, and after that, the time to continue to fill up grows exponentially.

    We're certainly going in the right direction, but don't give people false hope. Inspire people.

    I originally read about it on Engadget, where they note the time trend.

    1. Re:Misleading summary by c0lo · · Score: 2, Informative
      Some explanations from the Battery university:

      Some charger manufacturers claim amazingly short charge times of 30 minutes or less. With well-balanced cells and operating at moderate room temperatures, nickel-cadmium batteries designed for fast charging can indeed be charged in a very short time. This is done by simply dumping in a high charge current during the first 70% of the charge cycle.

      In the second phase of the charge cycle, the charge current must be lowered. The efficiency to absorb charge is progressively reduced as the battery moves to a higher state-of-charge. If the charge current remains too high in the later part of the charge cycle, the excess energy turns into heat and high cell pressure. Eventually, venting will occur, releasing oxygen and hydrogen. Not only do the escaping gases deplete the electrolyte, they are highly flammable!

      --
      Questions raise, answers kill. Raise questions to stay alive.
  14. Some sources says it's not CHAdeMO compliant by iktos · · Score: 3, Informative

    This source also has some more technical details, like charging current, how much current the charging station will draw from the grid (20kW), that the charging station has twin batteries with different properties, that car makers need to adopt new battery types for it to work:

    http://techon.nikkeibp.co.jp/english/NEWS_EN/20100621/183598/

    1. Re:Some sources says it's not CHAdeMO compliant by dadelbunts · · Score: 1

      Well if chad wants people to be compliant with him maybe he should get a proper haircut, stop wearing eyeliner, nail polish and too tight shirts, and pretending to cut himself in a cry for attention.

  15. Not good enough! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    I, for one, refuse to buy an electric vehicle until it has a range of 1000 miles on a single charge, and can be fully recharged in under 30 seconds. Anything less is completely impractical. I also want 12 cup holders. When they achieve this performance level, I will find another rediculous excuse not to buy one.

    And I will continue to insist on my god given right to mis-spell rediculous.

  16. So put two Chademo sockets on it by bugs2squash · · Score: 1

    Split the battery bank into two and charge them in 90s.

    --
    Nullius in verba
  17. Video instructions by Animats · · Score: 1

    Watch from 1:15 to 1:56, avoid idiot blithering.

  18. If you think the atom is fast... by Tmack · · Score: 1

    The Atom is a ridiculous car. I'd actually like to see a drag race between it and the Tesla Roadster.

    Check out the Wrightspeed version (Wrightspeed X1). Basically a tesla-like powerplant in the atom frame... The thing flew by me while I was on a bike ride headed up Kings Mtn in Woodside a while back, had no idea what it was (other than extremely fast and quiet, and a 180MPGE license tag)

    Video linky (pops)

    Search youtube for more, including a race against a NASCAR stock car, Lamborghini, and others.

    Tm

    --
    Support TBI Research: http://www.raisinhope.org
  19. Microturbines and Hybrids by KonoWatakushi · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Indeed, hybrids are far more practical, but it seems that you are misrepresenting the promise of microturbines. From the wikipedia article:

    Typical microturbine efficiencies are 25 to 35%. When in a combined heat and power cogeneration system, efficiencies of greater than 80% are commonly achieved.

    In automotive applications, the waste heat goes unused; so the efficiency will be in the 25 to 35% range.

    Another promising option for hybrids is the OPOC engine, which is a simple, efficient, and clean 2-stroke engine. It is a very interesting design, with a number of other advantages as well.

    When coupled with a capacitor/flywheel/etc. to allow for regenerative braking and acceleration, the requirements for the power source in a hybrid are actually very minimal. This allows for the creation of an extremely efficient vehicle, and as far as energy density goes, you can't do much better than hydrocarbons.

  20. Still too long. by EmagGeek · · Score: 0

    Let's assume there are 5 minutes of burned time to stop at a gas station - that's time spent pulling off the road, driving to the gas station, and driving back to the road you were on.

    It takes approximately 1.5 minutes (at the US-mandated 10Gal/min maximum pumping rate) for me to fill my car - and that's good for another 450 miles. So, we have 6.5 minutes of downtime for 450 miles.

    It takes 3 minutes to fill my tank 1/2 full, and I can only drive 50 miles, so I must stop 9 times in that same 450 miles. 27 minutes of downtime for fueling and 45 minutes of burned time, for a total of 72 minutes for the same 450 miles.

    Why on Earth would I want to waste an hour of my life like this for every 450 miles I drive?

    1. Re:Still too long. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      because you don't want your grandchildren to grow up in a world where a cool day is anything under 50 Celsius, they can't see further than a block from anywhere because of the smog, and their lungs are black as night by the time they are 5? Or there's no oil left and because nobody bothered to build anything else there's no better way to get around than by horse and buggy, there are no more plastics to build anything, and the world economy has crashed and burned... who knows, maybe some inconvenience now could possibly be good for someone other than yourself... oh, but what am I saying, that's crazy talk!

    2. Re:Still too long. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It certainly is. Hyperbolic, self-serving crazy talk.

      It has been proven, and nobody disputes it, that hybrid cars cause more damage to the environment over their lifetime than gas-powered cars, considering manufacture to disposal. This is accepted science, albeit seldom reported. When you ship hunreds of pounds of nickel around the world twice for each car, that's a lot of CO2, so it's really not surprising that the dust-to-dust carbon footprint of a Prius is 2.3 times that of a Hummer H1.

  21. how many by circletimessquare · · Score: 1

    Library of Congresses is that?

    --
    intellectual property law is philosophically incoherent. it is your moral duty to ignore it or sabotage it
    1. Re:how many by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Ah, the usual "circletimessquare" authored comment using the trite Library of Congress meme, splitting the message between subject line and body.

      How many more times are we going to see this stupid joke from you?

      Sorry, I guess I should have just said "more times are we going to see this stupid joke from you?" and let the subject say the rest.

  22. how many by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
  23. Some of us prefer to be car free by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I don't own a car. It allows me to be free of a lot of fascist policies implemented due to the public safety issues of vehicles. While driving, you can be stopped at pretty much any time and searched without any real probable cause, since the police officer can simply claim they thought they smelled whiskey on you. Many of your actions are also recorded on camera with a tag that allows any law enforcement agency to easily identify you. Along with the lack of freedom, owning a car is very expensive, time consuming, and in some locations it's the least time efficient way to travel.

    1. Re:Some of us prefer to be car free by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I don't own a car. It allows me to be free of a lot of fascist policies implemented due to the public safety issues of vehicles. While driving, you can be stopped at pretty much any time and searched without any real probable cause, since the police officer can simply claim they thought they smelled whiskey on you.

      Guess what? They can do that to you when you're bicycling, walking, or even just standing around. Any time you leave your domicile, you're at the mercy of "fascist" police. There are good reasons to skip car ownership (many in Manhattan do), but that's not one of them. In a quarter century of driving, the number of times I've been stopped without cause? Zero. Yes, I do happen to be white, why do you ask...

      - T

  24. Fast Breeders - bringing us back to 1968 by dbIII · · Score: 1

    The world has moved on, the 1970s and 1980s happened and experience in a few places showed fast breeders are a very expensive dead end.
    There are now better ideas in nuclear power and the problem fast breeders set out to solve - scarcity of high grade fuel - turns out not to be a problem anymore since newer designs are less fussy about fuel. Some things like accelerated thorium (a very different sort of breeder reactor) hold the potential to take depleted fuel from other reactors and use that without any incredibly expensive reprocessing.
    Waste is of course a problem, but the answer is to deal with it instead of the childish attitude from salesfolk of pretending it isn't a problem. No other industry has to pretend that it is "clean".
    All this is going to take serious R&D work instead of the pathetic begging for a handout we've seen from the US nuclear industry that is twenty years behind South Africa. The US nuclear industry probably spends more per year on PR than the entire South African development program that produced the majority of what became the new pebble bed reactors in China.
    The French experience to an extent can be called putting all of your eggs in one basket, as seen from having rolling shutdowns to fix a problem in all plants of the same design. Sometimes it pays off, and sometimes it doesn't - the answer (in hindsight) may be to get more of a mature design before you build a lot of them.

  25. Freedom is having a choice by seniorcoder · · Score: 1

    Given today's technology, I can well imagine that an electric-only car with its fairly limited range won't suit everyone - but it will suit some people. I have a short commute. An electric car would be perfect for me. What I want to see is diversity in propulsion systems. A one-solution fits all model is probably unrealistic. Gasoline doesn't fit my requirements as well as an all-electric car for example. There are a very wide variety of vehicles from trucks through 2-seat sports cars. Why not endorse a wide variety of propulsion systems too?
    With all the problems caused by oil politics and oil pollution, I would really, really like an all-electric car. Then we can work on renewable energy sources and the oil stain on so many lives will become a distant memory.
    So let's have hydrogen fuel cells, series hybrids, pure electric and even pure gasoline cars (when the need arises). Then let consumers choose with their wallets what works for them.
    It's only a free country if you have choices.

  26. Riffing on MULTIPLE theme here... by neBelcnU · · Score: 1

    I hope it's more of a riff than a rant...

    1) Driven an electric...
    I have: in the 90's I drove the Dodge electric minivan. It was EERIE. And very cool. Also driven many Cushman carts, and I can't help but think if 1940's tech can operate so well, why are we still having problems? (Yes, no heater at -20, but they do scoot through the outdoors at that temp as long as their spend 90% of their time indoors. So why can't we make a car that'll reverse that 90:10 ratio?)

    2) Range
    Get OVER it people. 100 miles is FINE. This is a daily-driver. Stop thinking that you're gonna load the fambly and belongings on it and make like the Clampetts. You want to go 500 miles to Chicago? You have choices: Bus, Plane, Train (mass transit) or some kind of carpool with like-minded in a fuel-burner. There's a pizza-delivery shop that runs 70's vintage electric cars, and as far as I know, they do so in the winter. (Galactic Pizza) All short-range, out of a garage, and a nightmare for scaling, but it's a START!

    We'll make specialized variations for those willing to pay for the range. (Deliveries, patrols, whatever: usually fleets.) You need the range? Turn in your personal car, for a time-share rental of a fleet.

    3) But...But...But...

    "If I get stuck in the snow in my electric, I could freeze to death..."

    Yes, and you might be UNABLE to out run a T-Rex.

    STOP with the conspiracy (or movie plot) thinking. We can ALL come up with a hundred reasons, threats, dangers wherein {the novel tech} will horribly fail. This same logic has been applied to resist all kinds of change, and it makes no sense. YES, there are problems, but they're LESS than the problems we're having with {the old tech}.

    Don't put your head in the sand, but stop looking for imaginary dangers. These "counter examples" are not even close to whatever the REAL "killer problems" are with {the novel tech}.

    CONCLUSION:
    Hydrocarbons are FEEDSTOCKS, not fuels. They were historically needed as fuels, but now our point-source problem is killing us. How long can a steamship go burning it's wood furnishings and fittings? We should look back on this period with a wry smile and think of how Ethanol should've illustrated this foolishness: Burning food for fuel is a loser's bet.

    We may use hydrogen as the storage-medium (we're really good at thermal conversion on a mass-produced scale); maybe batteries (we're pretty good at chemical conversion and distro on a mass-production scale); maybe fuel-cells (we're learning FAST); maybe ultra-caps (first responders deal with dangerous fuels all the time, KERS has been de-fanged); flywheels; hamsters, bitten by radioactive spiders, to have electric muscles. WHATEVER, but we need to start thinking "electric economy."

    Mass transit is the wave of the future. Social travel with your fellow man is all there is to it. Who wants to compare the biggest possible SimCity WITH and WITHOUT mass-transit? Anyone? Anyone? Buehler?

    I'm astounded that the Slashdot community isn't leading the charge on this. Come on, fellow early adopters, let's get this rock rolling up the hill! This time for SURE!

  27. Why not... by BronsCon · · Score: 1

    Why not fill a box with batteries any/or capacitors?

    -----

    Consider that the average person parks their car all night; an overnight charge from the 20A outlet in the garage would be plenty for said average person.

    But.... But... But, what if they need a quick charge?

    Well, my friend, that's why you fill the charger itself with a supply of batteries and capacitors, which it charges and maintains while the vehicle is not charging.

    When you need a quick charge, you plug in as normal, then hold down the QUICK CHARGE button as you turn on the charger. Then, the charger uses its internal power storage, supplemented by the house current, to provide a quick charge. After this process completes, the charger allows its batteries to cool, then begins recharging them.

    See? It's not that hard. 3 modes, really:

    Charge/maintain internal batteries.
    Charge/maintain external batteries.
    Charge/maintain both internal and external batteries.

    Would a system like this work at a "refueling" station? No, they'd need high-draw setups like discussed in this article. This is the quick-charger we'd all have in our garage.

    --
    APK quotes people (including myself) without context and should not be trusted. Just thought you should know.
  28. Fast Charge is useful but misses the big point... by lotho+brandybuck · · Score: 1
    The big point is, people can also charge at home. In the garage. When the car isn't doing anything anyways. Or, at work, in the parking lot. When the car isn't doing anything anyways.

    A stop at the gas station requires you to drive to the gas station, sit around useless, handle cash or credit card or debit card transaction, and expose yourself to the risk of giant sugary caffienated fountain soda.

  29. One minute by SuperKendall · · Score: 1

    What, as compared to the zero seconds it takes to fill up with gas?

    Since I fill up when about half empty, I'm usually actually filling a tank only for a minute or two.

    And as noted, when done I am full - not ready to go for a day and need another recharge.

    --
    "There is more worth loving than we have strength to love." - Brian Jay Stanley
  30. Scenario by SuperKendall · · Score: 1

    It will probably rely on some sort of capacitor-based local storage, so it'll always be drawing power from the grid, but at a steady pace awaiting the next charge.

    So you pull into a station, and have to wait 20 minutes until the next "pump" is ready.

    That fast charging sure is awesome!

    --
    "There is more worth loving than we have strength to love." - Brian Jay Stanley
    1. Re:Scenario by Rei · · Score: 1

      Interesting set of assumptions you're making.

      1) There's only one "pump" available.
      2) There's a line at this one-"pump" station (no breaks in between)
      3) Only the amount to precisely charge one vehicle is stored in the battery bank, rather than several cars worth, enough to statistically guarantee a minimum X% uptime.

      --
      Trump's plan to get rid of Mueller appears to be 'be so guilty of so many things that Mueller works himself to death.'
    2. Re:Scenario by SuperKendall · · Score: 1

      1) There's only one "pump" available.

      There are just as many as in stations now. But in a world where all cars are electric, everyone just used them.

      2) There's a line at this one-"pump" station (no breaks in between)

      Which is often the case at times people fill up (rush hour, early weekends).

      New technology has to be practical for peak cases.

      3) Only the amount to precisely charge one vehicle is stored in the battery bank, rather than several cars worth, enough to statistically guarantee a minimum X% uptime.

      Every car supported adds that much more to the cost of the system, plus capacitors slowly leak charge so storing up too much of a charge ends up wasting a lot of electricity.

      The problem is that station use is VERY bursty - during rush hour a station will be swamped with cars for an hour or three, then for quite a few hours it sees few cars.

      --
      "There is more worth loving than we have strength to love." - Brian Jay Stanley
    3. Re:Scenario by Rei · · Score: 1

      There are just as many as in stations now.

      False. Most EV charging is done at home. Rapid charging is only needed on long trips, which make up a fraction of the demand. Gasoline vehicles must get all their gasoline at gas stations.

      But in a world where all cars are electric, everyone just used them.

      Huh? What is the meaning of this past tense?

      Which is often the case at times people fill up (rush hour, early weekends).

      Commuting doesn't require rapid charging unless you commute hundreds of miles to work every day. Furthermore, I advise you to look at random gas stations during rush hour. It's an exercise I've done many times. You'll find that only rarely do they have lines, and even when there are lines, 80% of the time a pump spends, it's not actually filling a vehicle. Gas pumps spend most of their time sitting idle, even during rush hour.

      Every car supported adds that much more to the cost of the system,

      An 8 pump gas station costs ~$1m, give or take half an order of magnitude in either direction. Bulk storage is about $150/kWh. With an average future-world charge of ~30kWh, the incremental cost per vehicle is $4,500. And that's *not* counting any energy accumulated A) while the vehicle is charging, B) the vehicle is connecting/disconnecting, or C) which vehicle is at the charger is changing, which actually gives you extra vehicles chargeable during that time period. And they can actually make money when they're idle by buffering power for the electric company.

      Not. An. Issue.

      plus capacitors slowly leak charge so storing up too much of a charge ends up wasting a lot of electricity.

      1) I didn't suggest capacitors. The most cost-effective bulk electricity storage systems today are PbA and flow batteries like vanadium redox.
      2) It takes over a month for a modern unusued supercapacitor to lose half its charge. Not. An. Issue.

      --
      Trump's plan to get rid of Mueller appears to be 'be so guilty of so many things that Mueller works himself to death.'
    4. Re:Scenario by Thing+1 · · Score: 1

      But in a world where all cars are electric, everyone just used them.

      Huh? What is the meaning of this past tense?

      On a QWERTY keyboard, "s" and "d" are adjacent. I would consider this simply a typo, not an intentional tense change.

      --
      I feel fantastic, and I'm still alive.
    5. Re:Scenario by SuperKendall · · Score: 1

      False. Most EV charging is done at home.

      False, you are forgetting MILLIONS of apartment dwellers, and the fact that not everyone is going to remember to charge every day.

      Huh? What is the meaning of this past tense?

      Everyone used the pumps before you and the caps are drained. You have to now wait 20 minutes for the trickle charging to fill up again enough so you can refill.

      Commuting doesn't require rapid charging unless you commute hundreds of miles to work every day.

      Dude, the story was about a FIFTY MILE chargeup being 3 minutes. Many people travel farther than that, round trip for work.

      Furthermore, I advise you to look at random gas stations during rush hour. It's an exercise I've done many times

      Since I actually drive so have I - and I'm correct. You need to think about what the level of cars moving through them actually means.

      An 8 pump gas station costs ~$1m, give or take half an order of magnitude in either direction. Bulk storage is about $150/kWh.

      I'll grant you those points (especially the buffering) but it's still not enough. It's still too slow, and too little charge. The whole tech is just a hack on top of a hack on top of a hack. The more systems you involve the greater chance for failure any one day you have.

      --
      "There is more worth loving than we have strength to love." - Brian Jay Stanley
    6. Re:Scenario by Rei · · Score: 1

      False, you are forgetting MILLIONS of apartment dwellers

      By the time we get to the point where we're not just talking about early adopters, apartment dwellers will have no shortage of power outlets. Even today, apartment dwellers own EVs; if they don't have their own power outlet, they -- like Chelsea Sexton -- charge at work (that's slow charging, btw).

      , and the fact that not everyone is going to remember to charge every day.

      Huh? "Remember to charge"? That's like saying "Not everyone is going to remember to close the car door when they get out."

      Everyone used the pumps before you and the caps are drained. You have to now wait 20 minutes for the trickle charging to fill up again enough so you can refill.

      Which, as mentioned, will not happen due to proper station pack sizing. Because people aren't idiots.

      Dude, the story was about a FIFTY MILE chargeup being 3 minutes. Many people travel farther than that, round trip for work.

      No, as a percentage of the American public, they don't. The average commute in the US is 16 miles. It drops off exponentially with distance. Charging at work is surprisingly easy if you've ever asked. Why the heck would you feel the need to charge after only 50 miles when even low end EVs today have 100 mile ranges (high end, over 200 miles)? And finally, if you're not talking about early adopters, but general adoption, you're talking decades from now. Batteries increase in energy density by about 8% per year.

      You seem to keep hitting on the same thing over, that A) today's EVs should B) meet every need for every person, C) right now, or they're irrelvant. But that's just plain stupid. We couldn't give every person in the country an EV in the next decade or two if we *tried*. And even if you assume that EVs will never get any better than they are today, that argument would still be like saying that everyone should drive a subcompact car or an SUV -- as though every vehicle must fit all needs or it's worthless.

      Since I actually drive so have I - and I'm correct. You need to think about what the level of cars moving through them actually means.

      You're either lying or have the worst memory ever. I check them out all the time specifically because of my interest in EVs. They're virtually never full. Pick a random gas station on bizbuysell.com. I randomly picked one -- this. 114,000 gallons/month, 5 pumps, 18 hours/day. That's really busy for a gas station. That's 540 hours for 22,800 gallons per pump, or 42 gallons per pump per hour. Assuming that they dispense at the maximum permissible rate of 10gpm, they average dispensing 4.2 minutes per hour, or 7% of the time.

      Let's take the next station on the list with all that sort of info: here. Hmm, seems like this one is a lot less busy. 50k gal/mo, 8 pumps. They don't say how many hours it's open, but they note that it's not 24; let's assume 18 also. That means that pumps average busy 2% of the time.

      Let's do one more: here. Let's see: 75k gallons/mo, 6 pumps, about 17 hours/day. That's busy about 4% of the time.

      I could keep going, but in short? You're full of it. Gas pumps spend the overwhelming majority of their time idle. Combine this with there being no "rush hour" for rapid charging. The closest you get are that there are busier travel days (say, labor day weekend), but that's spread out over a whole day; it's not concentrated in a short period of time.

      In short, it's just about statistics, and the size of the buffer is eminently affordable.

      I'll grant you those points (especially the buffering) but it's still not enough. It's still too slow, and too little charge.

      --
      Trump's plan to get rid of Mueller appears to be 'be so guilty of so many things that Mueller works himself to death.'
    7. Re:Scenario by Rei · · Score: 1

      Oh, and I should also ask: if you're talking a 50 mile ROUND TRIP, why would you be going to a commercial charger? If you just did a ROUND TRIP, you're back home.

      --
      Trump's plan to get rid of Mueller appears to be 'be so guilty of so many things that Mueller works himself to death.'
  31. Re:The Dept of Redundancy would like to have a wor by Shotgun · · Score: 1

    Except that charging/discharging times are not linear. Google "RC constant".

    --
    Aah, change is good. -- Rafiki
    Yeah, but it ain't easy. -- Simba
  32. Handcrank? by 8086 · · Score: 1

    What about a handcrank like they have on certain radios in Africa? ( http://www.treehugger.com/files/2006/05/sonys_handcrank_1.php ) Sure it would take a day's worth of cranking to get enough charge for a mile of driving, but it still could be useful in an emergency.

    1. Re:Handcrank? by Tynin · · Score: 1

      What about a handcrank like they have on certain radios in Africa? ( http://www.treehugger.com/files/2006/05/sonys_handcrank_1.php ) Sure it would take a day's worth of cranking to get enough charge for a mile of driving, but it still could be useful in an emergency.

      Care to give an example, cause I'm struggling with this. What emergency would give you the leisure of 24 hours to hand crank up to a partly charged battery that will only take you a single mile. A single mile only takes ~20 minutes to walk at 3 mph. You could have gone and come back from your emergency site over 30 times at the speed of a leisurely stroll in that 24 hour period.

  33. fushi by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    good mbt women's nama will come to you in return.

    supra tk society pink black is the top sellers.

    the newest and best air jordan XXII are cheap in our shop.

    Our shoes sneakers are real ugg halendi sandal shoes.

    supra chad muska skytop tan brown - good quality and cheap.

    Here a wide range of mbt chapa white & mbt chapa white shoes for both men and women's option.

  34. Re:The Dept of Redundancy would like to have a wor by Qubit · · Score: 1

    Except that charging/discharging times are not linear. Google "RC constant".

    That's what I was concerned about at first, however the article makes statements that connect "50% full" (their words) with an ability to "travel a further 50 miles". If the battery is 50% full and thus can travel 50 miles, it seems logical to assume that a battery at a so-called "100% full" would be able to travel 100 miles.

    Sure, one might make the argument that the way that the car can use the first "50%" of the stored charge is more or less efficient than the way in which it can use the second "50% of the stored charge. But at that point I think that one could argue that the original wording of "50% full" was misleading and/or just flat-out wrong.

    Of course, that's assuming a battery that can be charged to 100% of its spec'd capacity. Gas tanks don't shrink in size over the lifetime of a car, while batteries tend to lose capacity over time.

    --

    coding is life /* the rest is */