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Where Are the Original PC Programmers Now?

Esther Schindler writes "In 1986, Susan Lammers did a series of interviews with 19 prominent programmers in a Microsoft Press book, Programmers at Work. These interviews give a unique view into the shared perceptions of accomplished programmers, the people who invented the tools you use today. In Programmers Who Defined The Technology Industry: Where Are They Now?, I tracked down the fate of these prominent developers — from Robert Carr (Framework) to Dan Bricklin (VisiCalc) to Toru Iwatani (author of Pac Man, I'm glad you asked). The article quotes the developers' 1986 views on programming, the business, and the future of computing. In two cases (Bricklin and Jonathan Sachs, author of Lotus 1-2-3) I spoke with them to learn if, and how, their views had changed. One meaty example: In 1986, Bill Gates said, on Microsoft's future: 'Even though there'll be more and more machines, our present thinking is that we won't have to increase the size of our development groups, because we'll simply be making programs that sell in larger quantities. We can get a very large amount of software revenue and still keep the company not dramatically larger than what we have today. That means we can know everybody and talk and share tools and maintain a high level of quality.' At the time, Microsoft had 160 programmers."

29 of 124 comments (clear)

  1. So.... by Mitchell314 · · Score: 4, Funny

    ... 160 programmers is all you'll ever need?

    --
    I read TFA and all I got was this lousy cookie
    1. Re:So.... by Monkeedude1212 · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Well those were back in the 8 bit days when the database couldn't hold more than 256 employees at once. They had some wiggle room, but not much.

    2. Re:So.... by Chrisq · · Score: 5, Interesting

      ... 160 programmers is all you'll ever need?

      I would be interested in a then/now of how many lawyers they have. That would really reflect the change in the IT industry.

    3. Re:So.... by CAIMLAS · · Score: 2, Insightful

      As a proportion of their employee total, I'd suspect it's actually shrunk a bit. Microsoft wasn't exactly a litigation-free company back then.

      --
      ~/ssh slashdot.org ssh: connect to host slashdot.org port 22: too many beers
    4. Re:So.... by iluvcapra · · Score: 3, Interesting

      There's a very active debate on wether or not Microsoft at the present time, or throughout its growth after they finished NT has had simply way too many developers, and if its corporate culture hasn't suffered because of the bureaucratic overhead involved in keeping something like 30,000 programmers merely busy, let alone productive, creative, entrepreneurial and all that other awesome stuff you generally need cutting edge development to be. This is the view taken by Mini-Microsoft and others.

      Compare also the opinion of John Sculley when he talked about the Mac unit when him and Jobs were still working together -- the whole division, hardware and software was only a hundred people or so, and only maybe a dozen were OS engineers, with another team of equivalent size writing the bundled applications. Apple presently has about 35,000 employees, but its been mentioned in sources that at least 2/3rds of them are in the retail side of the business, and for all of their OS and application development some people put their actual headcount in the mere hundreds.

      --
      Don't blame me, I voted for Baltar.
  2. Bill Gates said what? by cindyann · · Score: 2, Insightful

    "We can get a very large amount of software revenue and still keep the company not dramatically larger"

    Translation: more money for me.

  3. Von Neumann Archetecture by mcgrew · · Score: 2, Insightful

    PCs are little different than then the big iron when computers were new. I'd say that people like Grace Hopper who wrote the first compiler, Von Neumann who came up with the archetecture, John Atanasoff and Clifford Berry, John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert, etc. were the real pioneers.

    1. Re:Von Neumann Archetecture by arth1 · · Score: 4, Insightful

      In defense of TFA, it is called "Programmers who Defined the Technology Industry", following up on the book "Programmers at Work" which was about Microsoft programmers.

      Listing who the real computer pioneers were is a bit like replying to a post about singers by stating that Robert Moog and J.S. Bach were music pioneers.

    2. Re:Von Neumann Archetecture by plcurechax · · Score: 3, Informative

      following up on the book "Programmers at Work" which was about Microsoft programmers.

      No, many of them never worked for Microsoft. The book was published by Microsoft Press as I remember.

      Though most if not all were microcomputer (i.e. Personal Computer aka PC) programmers. That's were the revolution was happening. Mini and mainframes had been around for a while by that time in computing's history.

      • Gary Kildall
      • Andy Hertzfeld
      • Jef Raskin
      • Toru Iwatani
      • C. Wayne Ratliff
      • Dan Bricklin
      • Scott Kim
      • ...

      All of these programmers never worked at Microsoft, and neither did I.

  4. Back in the days by Drakkenmensch · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Everyone from my parents to job counselors kept telling me that learning programming and computers was a dead end because it was both a fad and a saturated market. IBM already had all the programmers they would ever need, who would hire more?

    1. Re:Back in the days by AnonymousClown · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Everyone from my parents to job counselors kept telling me that learning programming and computers was a dead end because it was both a fad and a saturated market. IBM already had all the programmers they would ever need, who would hire more?

      Then, you went into programming. Life was good ... but you start noticing that more and more programming jobs start going overseas. But you don't worry, they're just doing the maintenance and boiler plate code. You, after all, are doing the intense design and algorithms. Life is still good - your pay just keeps going up and up!

      Then one day, you're asked to train a young man from an Asian country about your code. You answer questions like, "What does an asterisk by a variable mean?", "What's this arrow mean?" and "What's a pointer?" and other questions that make you wonder if this person is even qualified to be doing what they hired him for.

      You think nothing of it because you have skills and you are always willing to learn and adjust - you'll be employable for ever!

      Time goes on and you're getting closer to 40. You start doing more documentation type of things because the coding is being done more and more with outsourcing companies.

      Then one day, they don't need you anymore and when you try to get more work, you hear nothing. Many, many, many resumes out - nothing. You get more education and training and still nothing. In the meantime, you see posts on places like Slashdot saying that they are having a hard time getting qualified people. Resisting the urge to flame the poster, you walk away from your computer mumbling, "Bullshit. Bullshit.Bullshit. Bullshit. ..."

      You then see that some "loser" you knew years ago went into management and is still employed and you think "Why oh why did I insist on staying technical!?!"

      --
      RIP America

      July 4, 1776 - September 11, 2001

    2. Re:Back in the days by CAIMLAS · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Yeah, what a perception change, eh?

      As someone who works in IT today, I'm tempted to tell my children the same thing - that programming and computers is a dead end - but for different reasons. Today, it's that the job competition is so stiff, and the pay is not commensurate with the responsibility, experience, knowledge and stress.

      On the other hand, what else is there for a technically inclined youth? Electrician?

      --
      ~/ssh slashdot.org ssh: connect to host slashdot.org port 22: too many beers
    3. Re:Back in the days by VGR · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Don't blame outsourcing, blame having 20 years experience and still being a code-monkey. Your job should be "business analyst" by now - yeah, cringe at the title, but the point is to apply that experience towards requirements analysis and planning, and let the kids waste time in actual IDEs.

      You are a major part of the problem. What I see in your words is that all developers are identical to entry-level code monkeys. In your mind, someone who spends decades becoming an excellent software engineer is worthless; the only worthwhile use of his time would have been learning to be a manager.

      This is the real reason managers are so willing to outsource: they think everyone who can make code compile is equivalent, whether their experience is one month or twenty years. In the context of that belief, it makes sense to send the labor overseas.

      I'll admit, though, that any engineer who's no better than he was twenty years ago has only himself to blame. (And I've met at least one who fits that description.)

      --
      The Internet is full. Go away.
    4. Re:Back in the days by Stiletto · · Score: 3, Insightful

      It's because in the world of commercial software,

      1. software doesn't have to be perfect
      2. software doesn't have to be ultra-efficient
      3. software doesn't have to be well-engineered
      4. software doesn't have to have a good design
      5. software doesn't have to compile clean

      Something just has to be delivered. On time and under budget. It doesn't often even matter what that "something" is or if it even works.

  5. None survived ... by PPH · · Score: 4, Funny

    ... past Dec 31, 1999.

    --
    Have gnu, will travel.
  6. Re:High level of quality by somersault · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Yep - he seems to be describing Open Source development, rather than Microsoft.

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    which is totally what she said
  7. Agile by digitaldc · · Score: 4, Interesting

    "Most of these programmers had (and have) a programming methodology that today would be called Agile. They mostly created a prototype that worked, and kept adding functionality until it was ready to ship. They worked iteratively in small teams. And, as Bricklin's current thoughts indicate, these developers were always cognizant that at some point you have to quit adding to the software and send it out the door. I found myself wondering how many readers imagine that "Agile" is something new."

    Duke Nukem Forever, are you listening???
    The implementation of plaid shirts also seems to be a pre-requisite for effective programming.

    --
    He who knows best knows how little he knows. - Thomas Jefferson
  8. Good Old Day? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Interesting

    I was hardware guy in a computer store in the mid 70's. Bill Gate was a guest speaker at 1 of the computer club meetings we hosted, It was in the early days of the Apple II and mostly we sold S-100 systems (Altair, Cromemco, Processor Technology...)
    Bill gates whined aboout making 3 dollars and hour on Altair Basic because everybody just passed around the paper tape. He tried to convince us that he thought that software should be bundled with the hardware. We booed him off the stage.

    I remember people coming in and asking to by a Visicalc computer, We always got a chuckle out of it when we had to explain they wanted an Apple .

    Mostly what we were interested in was getting a program by Ward Christensen called CBBS working. It ran in an Altair with a Cromemco ZPU board using an Intertec Superbrain terminal with a couple Wangco 8 inch floppys and 48 K of Thinker Toys memory. This 1 Toy bar far had more effect on the world than anything else I remember. Ward was in Chicago and We had a guy named Kieth Peterson with us

    You would have to use a program Ward made called Xmodem with a modem and dial up the store.

    Now get off my lawn!

    1. Re:Good Old Day? by abigor · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Why the heck don't people like you post more often? I love hearing this stuff.

    2. Re:Good Old Day? by evilviper · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Why the heck don't people like you post more often? I love hearing this stuff.

      In the past 2-3 years, there has been an absolute flood of new blood into /., which was either caused by, or resulted in the shift away from realy technical stories, and into more flambait political stories. The moderation system, as well, seems to have been overwhelmed by this flood, and an inordinant number of good comments get lost in the noise, while loud and ignorant me-too comments get all the points. And sadly, the editors here not only aren't trying to change things for the better, but seem to revel in undercutting their base for increasing click-through rates. Clearly, there haven't been enough stories on global warming recently...

      Not to single him out as the single raindrop responsible for said flood, but I happen to be dealing with one such loud and ignorant new user right now: http://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=1833190&cid=33985468

      I've often considered leaving in recent times, but I've rode through worse problems on /. repeatedly before, and am still hoping this one will be temporary as well.

      The friends/foes system is really the only reason I've stayed this long. It at least ensures I'll see some insightful comments from a handful of long-time regulars like myself, and can drop the flamers and trolls that regularly get points. Still it's a much smaller pool of intelligence, and nowhere near as good a public discussion forum as it was a few short years ago.

      So there's your answer. Want more insightful user feedback? Go start up a new Slashdot, with better leadership, and a focus on quality over pure click-through ad numbers.

      --
      Slashdot gets worse every day... Pipedot: News for nerds, without the corporate slant
  9. Microsoft press had some good books by fermion · · Score: 4, Interesting
    From the books that the MS people published, it is clear that they theoretically knew how to write code. That they could get functional operating systems and applications programs out the door indicated that they could manage large projects.

    I remember reading books like Solid Code and understanding how to put together a program, not just write functions that would compile. MS Press filled the time between the old time books like Composite Structured Design and the Mythical Man Month and more contemporary books like the Pragmatic Programmer. What I saw, however, was that MS was not moving forward with modern techniques and design patterns. At least from the outside, it appeared that they were stuck in the 80's.

    Nevertheless, one cold do worse than reading these books as a basis in programming, not just coding.

    --
    "She's a scientist and a lesbian. She's not going to let it slide." Orphan Black
  10. My grandfather... by rAiNsT0rm · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Pretty cool story: My grandfather worked in tool and die for PPG (back then it still stood for, Pittsburgh Plate Glass) and they had a super rudimentary "CNC machine" that used punch cards for coordinates in straight lines only. He had zero knowledge of computers but he did figure out how, within the limitations, he could plot enough points to create arcs and essentially circles. It was a huge improvement that teams of "programmers" had been working on unsuccessfully. He never even mentioned it to anyone until I was in college going for a CS degree and I was floored, he figured no one would understand or care since it seemed trivial.

    --
    http://teasphere.wordpress.com - A little spot of tea
  11. Re:640K ought to be enough for anybody by gstoddart · · Score: 2, Informative

    That was from IBM, not MS. Look it up, really!

    I can find Bill Gates denying he said it. I can find someone saying they don't believe him. I can even find someone saying that the quote is likely apocryphal.

    It doesn't seem like anybody is actually reliably attributed to this quote. So, either it's a meme that's stuck, or Bill Gates is lying, or it's mis-attributed and nobody knows who said it.

    Anybody got something more definitive?

    --
    Lost at C:>. Found at C.
  12. Peter Norton? by BetaRelease · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Where is Peter Norton? His Norton Utilities was the greatest set of utilities then -- especially Unerase!

  13. Finally! by Call+Me+Black+Cloud · · Score: 2, Insightful

    I always wondered what happened to Bill Gates!

    Wait, the article doesn't say anything about him but "duh". Nice bit of journalism, guys.

    1. Re:Finally! by blair1q · · Score: 2, Interesting

      He dropped out of college and now he goes around volunteering at food banks and health clinics.

  14. Re:640K ought to be enough for anybody by gstoddart · · Score: 4, Informative

    "Honestly, why do all of you perpetuate this bullshit that Bill actually designed or wrote anything?"

    Look it up.

    Well, take this with a grain of salt, but this would indicate he's done some programming. He's believed to have written a BASIC interpreter

    I'm pretty sure he isn't credited with actually writing DOS. He didn't invent as much as he marketed. He's not some uber coder who actually created a lot of things.

    He even said as much in 1986:

    INTERVIEWER: You obviously have a lot of responsibilities as chief executive officer of Microsoft. Do you still program?

    GATES: No, I don’t. I still help design algorithms and basic approaches, and sometimes I look at code. But since I worked on the IBM PC BASIC and the Model 100, I haven’t had a chance to actually create a program myself.

    Bill Gates is a business man with a grounding in tech, and has been around while most of it was created so has a lot of perspective. But, I think his actual "hands on" coding is more limited than people think.

    --
    Lost at C:>. Found at C.
  15. Re:layers of abstraction by blair1q · · Score: 2, Insightful

    imagine what I could DO if my little brain could wrap itself around the complexity of this massive OS...

    Yeh. And then add in the several hundred parallel cores in your video card...

    I'm pretty good at wonky stuff and I just sort of stare at the computer sometimes wondering how to fill it up.

  16. Re:Computing journalists by Gramie2 · · Score: 2, Informative

    Yes, I'm pretty sure Jim Butterworth died a few years ago. I know someone in the C64 scene (it still exists!) and he spent a fair amount of time with Jim attending C64 conferences.

    Yes, I prized my Transactor magazines and ISA. So much great information, presented cleanly and with a desire to share.