Slashdot Mirror


A Late Adopter's Guide To USB 3.0

crookedvulture writes "Even with cheap external hard drives, USB 3.0 offers roughly double the real-world transfer rates of old-school USB 2.0. It's no wonder, then, that USB 3.0 ports are available on most new systems. But what if you want to add USB 3.0 to an existing one? This article goes over what's required and explores the sort of performance improvements you can expect to see. Looks like a no-brainer for anyone who does a lot of transfers to external hard drives."

31 of 185 comments (clear)

  1. USB3 vs Intel Thunderbolt by Speare · · Score: 3, Insightful

    I'm more interested in seeing what Thunderbolt does - it sounds like it's faster, but it all depends on what the device manufacturers settle on implementing.

    --
    [ .sig file not found ]
    1. Re:USB3 vs Intel Thunderbolt by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

      USB will always be implemented simply because it's the natural follow-up to USB2. Just as USB2 all but replaced USB 1 ports (some machines still have USB1 ports for 1 reason only: the chip used supports X number of USB1 ports, and claiming in your advertising that you offer 12 USB ports sounds better than 8).

      Thunderbolt - the crappy name chosen after LightPeak stopped dealing with light so much - will simply be offered in addition, especially since high speed Mac peripherals will be the first to jump on that tech and being able to use those on PC as well is a good thing. That's why even now a lot of Windows notebooks have FireWire ports.

      Daisy Chaining is cute, but given the hub nature of USB, with a 'USB hub' implemented almost everywhere (keyboards with USB ports on the side, etc.), the practical need for daisy chaining is almost nil.
      ( There's technical merits outside the scope of this comment. )

      I'm not sure why the article mentions external drives so much; eSATA is still a fair bit faster than USB3 for that purpose. eSATA doesn't do much for power over the cable, though, while USB3 -could- directly power some 3.5" HDDs (and easily handle 2.5", just as USB2 can right now, of course).

    2. Re:USB3 vs Intel Thunderbolt by billcopc · · Score: 2

      Thunderbolt is extreme overkill for a hard drive. Even though the interface is 10 Gbit/sec in each direction, even a pretty fast SATA hard drive barely cracks 1 Gbit on the outer cylinders. Even the best single SSDs come close to 2.5 Gbit, so to really justify Thunderbolt, you'd have to do RAID.

      For comparison, USB2's data rate is only 480 Mbit... less than half the average speed of a typical 3.5" hard drive. USB3 is 10 times faster, shifting the bottleneck back to the media.

      --
      -Billco, Fnarg.com
    3. Re:USB3 vs Intel Thunderbolt by modmans2ndcoming · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Yes, but can USB 3 drive multiple monitors over a daisy chain too?

      So I hav e my laptop and I want to plug in an external monitor... bam... thunderbolt.... now I want to plug in an external hard drive, bam... thunderbolt...

      Thunderbolt just reduced the number of ports I need on my laptop from two to one. (USB, DVI/VGA to thunderbolt... great for ultra portables)

    4. Re:USB3 vs Intel Thunderbolt by KonoWatakushi · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Speed aside, Thunderbolt has the potential to work properly, as it will support native SATA. Most USB 2.0 bridge chips ignore critical commands, and put your data at risk. Will 3.0 be better?

      Thunderbolt can also be daisy chained, and unlike with USB, the actual speed is not a small fraction of the theoretical speed. Therefore, a number of devices can be attached, without introducing a bottleneck or requiring a hub.

    5. Re:USB3 vs Intel Thunderbolt by gabebear · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Conversely, USB3 drives won't get you any extra speed on most laptops since Intel still hasn't included a USB3 chipset in anything and few laptop manufacturers want the extra expense and power drain of a separate USB3 controller. Dell has been putting combined USB2/eSata ports on their laptops for years now so they aren't that hard to find on laptops.

    6. Re:USB3 vs Intel Thunderbolt by v1 · · Score: 2

      Daisy chaining costs performance though. Minimum 10% loss in speed each time you pass through a hub.

      The big nit I have with USB is it wasn't designed from the start to be a large data transfer protocol, so it's not efficient at it, say compared to firewire. If you compare real world use, FW400 gets you about 39-40mb/sec. USB2 (@480) never gets above 38, and in most cases is more like 36. (or much much lower, many cheap bridge chips top out at 18) My averages showed USB2's 480mbps actually works out to around 380 if compared to FW400. FW800 simply creams USB2, averaging 79mb/sec for me.

      So I've seen some people saying USB3 is triple 2, and some saying double. So I wonder, is it going to work out faster than FW800, or slower?

      --
      I work for the Department of Redundancy Department.
    7. Re:USB3 vs Intel Thunderbolt by gandhi_2 · · Score: 3, Funny

      bam... thunderbolt.

      We've just found that guy.

    8. Re:USB3 vs Intel Thunderbolt by Sabriel · · Score: 5, Funny

      Zeus?

    9. Re:USB3 vs Intel Thunderbolt by skids · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Pathetically, the point won't be whether fw800 is faster, or carries more watts, or has better realtime/isochronus performance, or chose a better cable that runs longer and is more noise-free, or that fw drivers stacks won't have to be rewritten to deal with whatever new set of kludges has been added this time around.

      The point will be that USB3 will be on everything by default, and fw800 will be very hard to find on a laptop, and everything with a fw800 port will be more expensive than the USB variant.

    10. Re:USB3 vs Intel Thunderbolt by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

      So the problem is... you want less chords.

      You mean to say "fewer" "cords".

      16,777,216*1920*1080 (your monitor) > 10gigabits

      I guess you came up with this number by assuming 24-bit color means each pixel takes up 2^24 bits? That's not how it works. 24-bit color means you have 24 bits per pixel. But you then have to multiply by the screen refresh rate.

    11. Re:USB3 vs Intel Thunderbolt by guruevi · · Score: 2

      Thunderbolt = PCIe, just another way of connecting the bus to the outside world. It really depends on your CPU and any latency, jitter and interference the outside connection introduces. It's also cheaper compared to other same-speed tech (such as 10GbE) as you require less controllers and the controllers these days are baked into the CPU.

      --
      Custom electronics and digital signage for your business: www.evcircuits.com
    12. Re:USB3 vs Intel Thunderbolt by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Informative

      16,777,216 is the number of possible colors in a 24 bit color space (256 shades = 8 bits, 8 Red + 8 Green+ 8 Blue = 24 bits)

      So 24*1920*1080 = 49,766,400 bits, multiply that frame by 60hz and its still 2.985 gigabit per second, and that's assuming no compression

    13. Re:USB3 vs Intel Thunderbolt by hoggoth · · Score: 2

      I don't understand how playing music will remove wrinkles from my monitor, devices and network. I am intrigued, please tell me more.

      --
      - For the complete works of Shakespeare: cat /dev/random (may take some time)
    14. Re:USB3 vs Intel Thunderbolt by hairyfeet · · Score: 3, Insightful

      And you can thank Steve Jobs for that, thanks Steve! You see while USB was dirt cheap to implement Apple charged something like a buck a port to add Fw. Now if you are a hardware manufacturer, where margins are razor thin, why do you choose? the protocol that costs practically nothing, or the one that costs a buck a port? Firewire is a perfect example where the lesser tech won simply because the greater tech was too damned expensive. Thanks to the Apple greed Fw is practically toast and USB is everywhere. Thanks Steve!

      I wouldn't be surprised if the same thing happened to that thunderbolt/lightwave whatever the hell they are calling it VS USB 3. It will be used on Macs, which are still a tiny niche (the big growth at Apple is iOS, not OSX) whereas everybody and their dog will have USB 3 just as you pointed out.

      My question is this: when do we reach the max? What is the max? With Gb Ethernet I'm already slamming some of these drives as fast as they'll go, and SSD simply won't be able to match HDD for price anytime in the foreseeable future so they won't help because eventually you'll have to transfer to HDD anyway. So how fast is the fastest we can go without data corruption? I'm all for faster but not at the cost of increased corruption. So how fast can we pump data through the average desktop before corruption becomes an issue? How close are we to hitting this limit? I mean we've already hit a wall with CPUs (4Ghz) which is why we are adding cores now, so which will come next? Memory or storage?

      --
      ACs don't waste your time replying, your posts are never seen by me.
    15. Re:USB3 vs Intel Thunderbolt by Omestes · · Score: 2

      Stop double posting!

      --
      A patriot must always be ready to defend his country against his government. -edward abbey
    16. Re:USB3 vs Intel Thunderbolt by Jah-Wren+Ryel · · Score: 2

      My only guess would be a super-videophile, syncing his monitor to multiples of film (24fps) and video? (30fps?). Otherwise... I don't understand either.

      I started doing it because I have really long video cable runs (computers in the basement in order to isolate sound) and at the default 60Hz I got sparklies. It was either gamble on more expensive cables, reduce resolution or reduce "refresh."

      Back in the CRT days, refresh was much more important because of phosphor fade and even the default 72Hz wasn't fast enough for me then, I usually ran at least 85Hz. So once I started fiddling around with it, I decided to see how low I could go before there were bothersome artefacts. Turned out the slowest my monitors could go still looked just as good as 60Hz so I left the settings turned all the way down.

      --
      When information is power, privacy is freedom.
  2. Insert PCI card. Turn on computer. by DogDude · · Score: 2

    The article pretty much says: "Insert PCI card. Turn on computer."

    Really? I never would have guessed. I'm so glad to have this valuable nugget of information. I was about to go and buy all new computers!

    --
    I don't respond to AC's.
  3. ISA? by Culture20 · · Score: 3, Funny

    I'd love to upgrade. Is anyone making a 16-bit ISA version?

  4. Re:Insert PCI card. Turn on computer. by RocketRabbit · · Score: 2

    You read the article?

    How many pages long was it, and what was the banner ad count?

  5. Re:eSATA? by Straterra · · Score: 2

    Uhm..all of those problems are attributed to crappy controllers. Spend more than $10 on an eSATA controller (or use a bracket to convert an internal SATA port to eSATA) and all of those issues go away.

  6. Re:USB 3.0 and FireWire by Tridus · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Cost killed the idea of using USB for low speed peripherals and Firewire for higher speed ones. It's too expensive on a cheap PC to include both ports, so they only included the cheaper one (USB). Because USB was on everything, more devices wound up having USB support.

    Once you have basically everyone with USB 2 and only a subset of those with Firewire, implementing the more expensive Firewire stops making sense on retail systems.

    I can't help but wonder if the same thing will happen with Thunderbolt.

    --
    -- "So they told me that using the download page to download something was not something they anticipated." - Bill Gates
  7. there is a usb 2.0 to ISA card by Joe+The+Dragon · · Score: 3, Informative
  8. Re:usb 3.0 is in more systems / hardware then Thun by MBCook · · Score: 4, Interesting

    But USB 3 isn't in a ton of systems. Thunderbolt will stop being Apple exclusive next year (IIRC), so why should I bother? At this point a hard drive is the only thing I'm likely to use that would stress USB3, I mean I can already record HD video over USB2.

    I already have FireWire 800, and have for a few years, and it's very fast, and extremely low overhead. Since I don't go around copying multiple gigs of files between drives, the speed benefit of USB3 isn't really going to matter much to me. Given the average level drive attached, if FW is a bottleneck, I'm probably close to 80-90% of the drive speed. I have FW since I'm on a Mac, but many people on Windows boxes have eSATA ports. They're faster than USB3 (since it's the HD's native interface) and lower overhead (again, the native interface of the drive). I know they were supposed to make the CPU overhead of USB3 better than 2, but my guess is it's still noticeably higher than FireWire or eSATA.

    Basically, I think USB3 took too long. It's out, but it's third party chips on motherboards. That means the situation where some of your ports are v2 and some are v3. When space is at a premium (like laptops), it's more likely you'll only get v2 ports until Intel embeds a controller. But FW800 is available in add in cards and has a higher adoption rate (right now). eSATA cards are common and available in add in cards. USB2 is fast enough for many people.

    By the time USB3 becomes more common, Thunderbolt will already have a decent market. Apple putting it in their high-end computers (at least the MBPs) means that drive enclosures and such will be released in the next few months.

    For the average consumer, I don't think they need USB3 or will for a while. By the time they do, there is a good chance Thunderbolt will start looking really attractive (one cable and your monitor, scanner, hard drive and whatever else are plugged in). And since Thunderbolt easily has the bandwidth to have adapters to plug SATA or USB2/3 devices into Thunderbolt ports... it's a safe choice.

    I'm sure USB3 will be everywhere in a year or two, but only because it's a backwards compatible drop in replacement. I don't think it will be out of any real necessity. Only people copying large amounts of data (video editing, large media libraries, etc) would get the benefit, and at that point you might as well go eSATA.

    --
    Comment forecast: Bits of genius surrounded by a sea of mediocrity.
  9. Too early by Darinbob · · Score: 4, Insightful

    It's entirely impossible to be a "late adopter" at this stage.

  10. Old School? by Sponge+Bath · · Score: 3, Funny

    First William Shatner turns 80, now USB 2 is old school. I'm sure that makes some people feel old. Hold on, there's someone at my door who says he's here about the "reaping"...

  11. Really? by hawguy · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Is this what Slashdot has come to? A how-to guide on how to add a new card to your computer!?

    1. Re:Really? by Sponge+Bath · · Score: 2

      We used to use pliers to move the interrupt selection jumpers, because that was the style at the time.

  12. Yup by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

    My wife just brought home a new LaCie external hard drive, we plugged it into my Thinkpad's eSATA port, Linux immediately detected it, and I could access it like any other drive to partition and format it. I saw sustained 100-120 MB/s performance while formatting the 1TB drive.

  13. Re:USB 3.0 and FireWire by threephaseboy · · Score: 2

    Why aren't you using eSATA instead?

    --
    .
  14. Re:usb 3.0 is in more systems / hardware then Thun by DurendalMac · · Score: 2

    Sure, but now there are a bunch of otherwise good and working ADC monitors floating around that aren't worth a damned thing unless you bundle a converter with them.