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France To Invest One Billion Euros In Nuclear Power

An anonymous reader writes "France will invest one billion euros in future nuclear power development while boosting research into security, President Nicolas Sarkozy said on Monday." The Guardian has a more detailed article. It's not a huge investment, but it is nice to see continued commitment to Generation IV reactors by at least one Western country.

50 of 308 comments (clear)

  1. They will make a fortune by houstonbofh · · Score: 5, Insightful

    They will make a fortune selling power to all those countries "phasing out" nuclear power with no plan to replace it but the underpants gnomes.

    1. Re:They will make a fortune by MachineShedFred · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Yep. Spend a billion Euro now, get a nice return on that from Germany and Italy, because they can't meet energy demands.

      --
      Slashdot still doesnâ(TM)t support Unicode after it was added to the HTML standard in 1997.
    2. Re:They will make a fortune by ArsenneLupin · · Score: 4, Interesting

      They will make a fortune selling power to all those countries "phasing out" nuclear power with no plan to replace it but the underpants gnomes.

      ... which will work fine until those countries have built enough windmills, dams and solar arrays to no longer depend on France.

      ... and then France will have a problem: indeed, it buys as much electricity from abroad than it sells there. Nukes can only supply base load, and for peak France mostly relies on buying back from other countries (who are constructing storage facilities as we speak).

      If the French aren't careful, they might be in a world of hurt twenty years from now...

    3. Re:They will make a fortune by Ruke · · Score: 2

      Maybe I'm misunderstanding, but why can nuclear power only supply base-load, instead of peak as well? I've certainly heard that solar and wind are unsuitable to supply base load, as they're not terrifically reliable, but never anything about nuclear being unable to scale to peak load.

    4. Re:They will make a fortune by MachineShedFred · · Score: 5, Informative

      Except that France has a reprocessing facility that dwarfs other countries' capacity to get useable fuel out of the "waste."

      Nice job not knowing any facts though, and spewing the same non-issues like a good parrot.

      --
      Slashdot still doesnâ(TM)t support Unicode after it was added to the HTML standard in 1997.
    5. Re:They will make a fortune by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      They won't be making a fortune, they will be ensuring that their national security is more stable than almost any nation out there:

      1: They won't be depending on Russia for natural gas. German citizens would freeze to death if Russia decides to shut the gas off, so Germany has ruined its national security.

      2: They will have energy where others won't. While the US and China piss on each other over oil and coal, French independence and freedom from the Middle Eastern turmoil is assured.

      3: They can do more energy-inefficient things such as thermal polymerization to turn garbage into oil ready for use for plastics or fuel. Similar with desalination. A nuke plant combined with a desalination plant assures France will not be affected by droughts.

      4: Nuclear research can be sold. Eventually most countries will go nuclear when they realize it is that, or turning off the lights. North Korea can do either, but most nations pretty much will be dragged kicking and screaming into the nuclear age sooner or later. French firms will have a complete advantage in this department because their country didn't give into Luddite fears or Big Oil/Big Coal's siren songs.

      5: Once nuclear power gets sufficient research behind it, it will be far more useful than now. Steam engines were VERY dangerous for a long time until R&D eventually fixed a lot of issues. Same with internal combustion engines. It took R&D to figure out how to minimize damage if a rod throws. Imagine if the people working with steam thought it was too dangerous to continue.

      Oh, and the 1 billion Euros... that's a lot more than 1 billion dollars. Euros are immune to inflation, while dollars get printed on a daily basis.

    6. Re:They will make a fortune by demonbug · · Score: 5, Informative

      Maybe I'm misunderstanding, but why can nuclear power only supply base-load, instead of peak as well? I've certainly heard that solar and wind are unsuitable to supply base load, as they're not terrifically reliable, but never anything about nuclear being unable to scale to peak load.

      It isn't practical to rapidly change the load on nuke reactors, because it takes a significant amount of time to ramp up and down power output. Also, it basically costs the same to run whether you are at 10% capacity or 100% capacity, so it makes sense to run them as near to full capacity as possible. Contrast that with something like a gas-fired powerplant, where you can ramp generation quickly and you are pretty much only paying for the gas you are burning.

      Of course, France announced at the same time as this announcement that they will be going ahead with something like 1.5 billion euros funding renewable resources over the same period, so it isn't like they are putting all their eggs in the nuclear basket - just not abandoning it entirely as others are doing.

    7. Re:They will make a fortune by TheSync · · Score: 2

      Nuclear power plants can not rapidly change power output. Fast changes in power level can lead to instability due to short-lived fission products that don't get burned up with enough neutron flux.

    8. Re:They will make a fortune by vlm · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Maybe I'm misunderstanding, but why can nuclear power only supply base-load, instead of peak as well? I've certainly heard that solar and wind are unsuitable to supply base load, as they're not terrifically reliable, but never anything about nuclear being unable to scale to peak load.

      The term you don't know to google for is "xenon poisoning" or the "iodine pit"

      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iodine_pit

      Using the most non-technical terms I can, the "ashes" from the "fire" choke it from cranking up for a couple hours when you change the power level.

      Naval reactors work around it by including massive extra reactivity, meaning you have to be really freaking careful when running them. The average Homer Simpson is probably ... unprepared for their rather spirited performance. The other problem is, for the sake of argument, building a naval reactor 5 times bigger than it "needs" to be is affordable. Really, it is! But building a nuke 5 times bigger than "necessary" for a base load plant will make the brains of the bean counters in finance go prompt-critical.

      --
      "Science flies us to the moon. Religion flies us into buildings." - Victor Stenger
    9. Re:They will make a fortune by EdZ · · Score: 5, Insightful

      A good combination would then to build your new plants near high-altitude lakes. Not only can you pump water up into the lakes to store energy during lulls (and let it flow out through turbine generators during peaks), you can use them as a gravity-fed water source in case of off-site-and-on-site power failure scenarios.The turbines could also act as additional on-site power generators, giving you even more redundancy (off-site grid power, on-site diesel, on-site battery, on-site water turbine, on-site gravity-feed).

    10. Re:They will make a fortune by fuzzyfuzzyfungus · · Score: 5, Interesting

      The trouble with nukes(true to a lesser extent of coal and oil, not true of gas turbine, not true of hydro(though some different constraints apply)) is that they do not take kindly to rapid adjustments in output power. Even when SCRAMed, they take a while to cool down, and they are sufficiently expensive(both absolutely and in terms of the ratio between capital costs + fixed costs of operation vs. variable and fuel costs) that if you aren't running them at full output except when servicing them, you are shoveling money away.

      Because of that, you try to set them up so that you have nuclear capacity less than or equal to the lowest continuous(base) load on your grid, and run it at full power all the time. Then, during times of heavier usage, you fire up the cheap, fast-responding; but comparatively expensive per unit fuel gas units, or increase the flow rate at the hydro plants, or whatever.

      If it came to it, you could build nukes to match your peak load; but (since you can't scale them up and down fast enough to match demand) you would have to generate continuously near peak, and then figure out something to do with the excess during off-peak. That isn't an impossible problem(if you have the geography for it, you can used pumped hydro or pressurized gas storage as relatively inefficient; but not hopeless, 'batteries', or you can try to align the demands of certain power-heavy industries toward off-peak times, or try to reduce the peak/base swing by increasing adoption of thermal storage systems in building climate control and other measures, or, worst case, just burning the excess in some huge resistors); but it isn't ideal.

      Nuclear can scale as high as you wish to build it, it just can't adjust output very fast, so you either run it higher than needed in off-peak, or run it at baseload levels all the time.

    11. Re:They will make a fortune by Cyberax · · Score: 2

      "... which will work fine until those countries have built enough windmills, dams and solar arrays to no longer depend on France."

      I.e. "never". Or at least not until 2050, which is close enough. And by that time France will have newer and better reactors, most likely outperforming other alternative sources. Oh, and the world's first fusion power plant is also being built in France.

      "... and then France will have a problem: indeed, it buys as much electricity from abroad than it sells there. Nukes can only supply base load, and for peak France mostly relies on buying back from other countries (who are constructing storage facilities as we speak)."

      France has load-following powerplants, so no worries here.

    12. Re:They will make a fortune by swb · · Score: 2

      Why not run the plant at some kind of overproduction level? The overproduction could be used for water electrolysis, aluminum smelting or some other energy-intensive task that could be scaled back to meet peak power demands.

      Water electrolysis could supply hydrogen which could be burned or turned to methane for longer term storage and used to also provide peak power.

    13. Re:They will make a fortune by PopeRatzo · · Score: 4, Insightful

      They will make a fortune selling power

      First they'll have to make a nuclear plant that turns a profit without public subsidies.

      Remember "Safe, clean and too cheap to meter"? That was forty years ago. We still haven't even come close.

      --
      You are welcome on my lawn.
    14. Re:They will make a fortune by silas_moeckel · · Score: 2

      These reactors are able to generate hydrogen via there temperatures alone. It would seem rather feasible to generate hydrogen and store it in large quantities to run gas turbines for peek load. Just place the peak load plant next to the nuke.

      --
      No sir I dont like it.
    15. Re:They will make a fortune by Andy+Dodd · · Score: 2

      Yup, Germany is going to be at the mercy of either France (nuclear) or Russia (gas).

      --
      retrorocket.o not found, launch anyway?
    16. Re:They will make a fortune by h4rr4r · · Score: 3, Informative

      You do not want to burn hydrogen in a turbine, you do not want to store hydrogen. It embrittles everything. It leaks through anything. It is an explosive hazard. It would be far cheaper and safer to just buy and burn natural gas.

    17. Re:They will make a fortune by vlm · · Score: 2

      Why not run the plant at some kind of overproduction level? The overproduction could be used for water electrolysis, aluminum smelting or some other energy-intensive task that could be scaled back to meet peak power demands.

      Water electrolysis could supply hydrogen which could be burned or turned to methane for longer term storage and used to also provide peak power.

      Intermittent "valley" purchasers will not pay higher normal rates, to the point where it doesn't make economic sense to bother offering to them.

      A large capital expenditure plant doesn't make any money to pay the stockholders when you cut off the power... if you pull the plug 25% of the time, they just lost 25% of their gross revenues and probably more than 25% of their profits... So that means electricity has to be, roughly, over a quarter of their expenses and has to practically be free, to interest them.

      The other thing is, at least short term, aluminum refineries Really do not like power interruptions. Worst case scenario is the molten Al solidifies in the cells. Ooops. Not sure what they do then, jackhammer it out? Giant heating torches? Now copper electro-refineries ARE a good candidate, because nothing too awful happens if you pull the plug momentarily.

      --
      "Science flies us to the moon. Religion flies us into buildings." - Victor Stenger
    18. Re:They will make a fortune by mridoni · · Score: 2

      Not really an issue for Italy since the last reactor was shut dowin in 1990

    19. Re:They will make a fortune by elrous0 · · Score: 2

      No, but Sarkozy's hand-picked finance minister and American favorite Christine Lagarde was just named head of the IMF. It seems that her successor, who was critical of the value of the U.S. dollar and pulling ahead of the polls in the French election, suddenly decided to take up a new career in sexual assault at a New York hotel. How fortunate for her.

      --
      SJW: Someone who has run out of real oppression, and has to fake it.
    20. Re:They will make a fortune by silas_moeckel · · Score: 2

      Most of these new systems are designed around the ability to generate hydrogen as fuel so you can shift to producing that off peak.

      --
      No sir I dont like it.
    21. Re:They will make a fortune by NoOneInParticular · · Score: 2

      Yes, but by that time the US will be lead by the Christian Taliban, and the country will have forgotten how to build nuclear reactors. The US will have surrendered to Quebec.

    22. Re:They will make a fortune by NeutronCowboy · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Dude, if you want to comment on French politics, fine, but at least inform yourself.

        DSK has a long history as a womanizer, and he finally made the mistake of assaulting someone who didn't care about who he was in a country where these things are taken seriously. This was a long time in the making, and the only thing that requires tinfoil hats is the initial reaction of French politicians who were aghast that he was being charged with attempted rape, and not let off with a private warning.

      The president hand-picks his entire cabinet. Not sure what you're trying to imply by saying "hand-picked finance minister". That's how ministers are picked. Lagarde is the American favorite, because the alternatives were pretty unpleasant - specifically, a lot of developing countries were clamoring for the job. At that point, they were happy with going with tradition - which is someone from the French financial field.

      And lastly, Sarkozy is pro-US only in the context of the American bashing that is popular in French politics.

      I just hope no one takes your post seriously.

      --
      Those who can, do. Those who can't, sue.
    23. Re:They will make a fortune by Americano · · Score: 2

      In terms of pure demographics, there is some indication that if "current birth rates" continue, France could be majority-Muslim in about 25 years: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/personal-view/3601901/Is-France-on-the-way-to-becoming-an-Islamic-state.html

      Of course, that's predicated on a host of assumptions, most notably that immigration & birth rates will stay constant.

      I think it's ridiculously unlikely that French Muslims are going to suddenly turn into fundamentalist sharia adherents, about as likely that the millions of Muslims here in the US are suddenly going to decide it's time to put aside their comfortable, peaceful middle class lives and wage jihad. I'm not particularly concerned about that, and anybody who is worried about that should probably get their head checked. But *literally* speaking, it is entirely possible for France to be a majority-Muslim society in our lifetimes.

    24. Re:They will make a fortune by BlueParrot · · Score: 2

      It isn't practical to rapidly change the load on nuke reactors, because it takes a significant amount of time to ramp up and down power output.

      It's a bit more complicated than that. In principle the power output of a reactor can be brought up and down very quickly. As you insert or remove control rods the amount of fission in the reactor can change within seconds. There is some decay heat to worry about, but in principle you can bring a reactor down by 94% or so within a few seconds, and similarly up again very quickly.

      The problem is that doing so causes a whole lot of other challenges and problems. Firstly to maximise the lifetime of the nuclear fuel in the core and ensure that it burns at a reasonably homogeneous rate across the reactor, the neutron flow density is adjusted with special control rods and absorbers. This is difficult to do efficiently for a reactor running at constant power, and a major headache if you want to vary the power.

      Secondly some of the the fission products act as neutron absorbers ( xenon in particular ) and thus the properties of the reactor core depend on what has happened to the reactor in the past. If you constantly change the reactor power you can end up with rather strange and counter-intuitive swings in the reactor's behavior, and these swings can be hard to model. It is just much easier to try to keep it running in something that at least to some degree resembles a steady state.

      Thirdly varying the power of the reactor will cause changes in temperature in its components, and this leads to thermal stress. Since a nuclear reactor core is already one of the harshest environments there is from a materials point of view, including high temperatures, neutron embrittlement and corrosion effects from the coolant, you generally don't want to introduce any extra source of stress on the material as that would lower safety marginals.

      So basically you probably could build a reactor to do load leveling, but it would considerably more difficult than a regular power plant, and it would likely cost a lot more.

       

    25. Re:They will make a fortune by elrous0 · · Score: 2, Interesting

      No tin-foil hats for me, thank you. I don't believe in faked moon landings, little green men with anal probes, armies of assassins on the grassy knoll, etc.

      But I do believe in a long and well-established history of nastiness when it comes to U.S. foreign affairs, and the lengths to which the government will go to protect American interests. Public discreditation is a long-established tool in a deep toolbox that can be used to advance those interests, when necessary. And I don't believe for a second that Julian Assange, Strauss-Kahn, Mahmoud Abdel Salam Omar, and Moammar Gaddafi all being charged with rape right after crossing the U.S. in recent months was just a very convenient coincidence.

      In fact, I expect that any day now we will hear about all the child porn found on some Lulzsec or Anon hackers' hard drives. We'll see if I'm psychic.

      --
      SJW: Someone who has run out of real oppression, and has to fake it.
    26. Re:They will make a fortune by ArsenneLupin · · Score: 2

      That's why they're mostly built near large rivers...

      ... and preferably near borders, with the river flowing out of the country, rather than into... (Chooz, Cattenom, Fessenheim, ...)

    27. Re:They will make a fortune by Lunix+Nutcase · · Score: 3, Insightful

      So basically you're just a nutter ignoring the fact that he has previous sexual assault charges made against him long before he was ever going to be part of IMF and has a history of shady womanizing. No, clearly he couldn't possibly have done anything wrong despite his history. No, it's all a US government plot! IT HAS TO BE!!!

    28. Re:They will make a fortune by gorgonite · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Except that reprocessing does not solve the waste disposal problem. You need to dispoese the waste from your reprocessing facility. You may spend lots of money (one billion won't be enough) to solve this too, but then some other problem with show up. Even worse, given the probabilities that we see right now then France is due for a big accident sooner or later. That accident will be a surprise to everyone, this seems to me like the only constant in nuclear energy.

    29. Re:They will make a fortune by dbIII · · Score: 2

      Removing these trace compounds and reforming the fuel pellets and packaging them up is really all that is necessary

      Except that's a bloody difficult thing to do. You are talking about materials with a high strength, very high melting point and conditions where everything has to be done remotely in an environment that fries normal electronics. The French have had a lot of trouble with it over decades and nobody else has really tried on a serious scale. That's why all those fuel rods are lying around and new fuel is made from Uranium instead.
      Your second point about storage is really because commiting to build something like that is not only expensive but it is about admitting a problem all the PR bullshit from the last four decades has been trying to hide. That was also why serious efforts into dealing with radioactive waste, such as synrock, did not even get the trivial amounts of funding they needed to progress to be viable options for many years.

      Civilian nuclear power has been pushed for far too many years as cute and fluffy perfection in an attempt to policially sell the infrastructure required for nuclear weapons production. We've had that infrastructure for decades now and the military have enough to make their own weapons material so there is no longer any need to wrap civilian nuclear power in so much political bullshit.
      Nuclear power should now be treated like any other industrial process. To an extent that already happened after TMI (the control systems and sensors at TMI would not have passed certification at even a fertilizer plant), but we still have a cheer squad that insist it is already magic perfection and stand directly in the way of real progress. It is wrapped up in so much money and politics that far too many see they can get more of an advantage by being lying weasels pushing the status quo than making any sort of improvement.
      To sum up; the loudest nuclear advocates with the deepest pockets want to pretend there is no need for long term storage or reprocessing and the loudest that are worried about storage want the entire nuclear industry to be abandoned. Other voices are just drowned out.
      Maybe in twenty or thirty years India will take the used fuel to feed into accelerated thorium reactors (without needing any of that difficult and expensive reprocessing) - I really can't see anything else positive happening while the whole issue is smothered in politics.

    30. Re:They will make a fortune by TapeCutter · · Score: 2

      "people that believe wind and solar can produce energy anywhere near nuclear are living in an alternate universe. The sheer amount of landspace needed for solar panels and windmills to equal the output of nuclear is staggering."

      Rubbish, renewables already generate more electricity than nuclear and their installed capacity is growing much faster than nuclear.

      --
      And did you exchange a walk on part in the war for a lead role in a cage? - Pink Floyd.
  2. After the announcement... by Chris+Mattern · · Score: 2

    ...President Sarkozy kissed his pinky.

  3. Re:Vote right wing. by fuzzyfuzzyfungus · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Politicians are similar, in many respects, to companies that derive their revenue from advertising.

    They are, in truth, extremely focused on customers service. It's just that voters aren't the customers.

  4. Re:Current score by Goose+In+Orbit · · Score: 4, Funny

    That line-up looks awfully familiar...

  5. Way to go Brian Clevinger by Skarecrow77 · · Score: 2, Funny

    I mean, I love Final Fantasy comics as much as the next guy, but apparently France is batshit insane for it!

  6. Got any words for this, MDSOLAR? by TrisexualPuppy · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Interesting. France's going to be selling nuclear power to Germany for the rest of our lives. The French are smart people. Not only have they weighed out all the environmental concerns (don't get me started about coal), but these guys are really going to cash in on energy sales. Props to you, France!

  7. Hydrogen Production? by drinkypoo · · Score: 3, Interesting

    An international task force is developing six nuclear reactor technologies for deployment between 2020 and 2030. Four are fast neutron reactors.
    All of these operate at higher temperatures than today's reactors. In particular, four are designated for hydrogen production.

    Don't we have a crapload of unused base load power in this world which we could use for hydrogen production?

    --
    "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
  8. In the mean time... by simonbas · · Score: 2
    1. Re:In the mean time... by iiiears · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Privatize profits socialize costs.

      --
      15TW = 15,000 Nuclear Reactors. (Approx. one accident a month.)
  9. This is good news by Animats · · Score: 5, Informative

    At least someone isn't giving up.

    Still, the lessons of Fukushima Daiichi are serious. There are a sizable number of reactors out there which will melt down if they lose cooling pump power. (The reactors and the pumps at Fukushima survived the earthquake and tsunami. Cooling continued until the battery bank ran down, then stopped. All the damage shown in photos is from later hydrogen explosions.) That's unacceptable. There has to be backup passive cooling.

    All plants should have catalytic hydrogen recombiners to prevent hydrogen explosions. There's no excuse for not having those. That should have been fixed after TMI, decades ago.

    Long term storage of used fuel rods on site has got to stop. After initial cooling, those need to go to dry cask storage.

    The really tough issue is evacuation zones. Indian Point in New York has 19 million people within 50 miles.

    1. Re:This is good news by nospam007 · · Score: 2

      "All plants should have catalytic hydrogen recombiners [iaea.org] to prevent hydrogen explosions. There's no excuse for not having those. "

      All plants should have some fucking insurance, what's the excuse for that?

  10. Thorium Cycle? by screwzloos · · Score: 2

    I wonder if any of that money will go towards moving away from uranium 235? If anything, France would be a good candidate to show the western world that thorium 232 is a viable fuel source. All we'd lose is the plutonium and we really don't need more nuclear weapons anyways. Just about everything that sucks about using uranium nuclear fuel (scarcity, goes critical if not cooled, needs to be enriched, unusable waste) would go away.

  11. "boosting security" = preventing disasters? by Wireless+Joe · · Score: 2

    I'll charge them 1% of whatever they're going to spend on "boosting security" to advise that they do not build reactors in flood planes or on fault lines.

  12. Re:Solar by houstonbofh · · Score: 2

    If it's only chomp change, where is the 1 billion euro for solar?

    At the end of the article you didn't read. 1.35 billion for renewables... Doh!

  13. Re:Yea, it is always nice to see .. by Nethemas+the+Great · · Score: 4, Funny

    Hey it works great in SimCity! Industry and nuclear plants should always be located on the edge of the map. You halve the pollution, halve the risk.

    --
    Two of my imaginary friends reproduced once ... with negative results.
  14. You can bet.. by Paracelcus · · Score: 2

    You can bet that France and Germany are going into the Nuclear energy business together, only the reactors will be in France. Must be that the political landscape makes this kind of shell game plausible to the German people (let's move the reactors over the border) after all French fallout wouldn't dare cross into Germany.

    --
    I killed da wabbit -Elmer Fudd
  15. Re:Vote right wing. by h4rr4r · · Score: 2

    Keep telling yourself that.

    Right does not mean small government, nor does left mean large. An anarcho-communist commume would be far left and have nearly no government.

    Right and left describe beliefs not size of government. You can have right wing and large government which fascism is one example.

  16. WRONG by WindBourne · · Score: 2

    America has had multiple thorium reactors, the most famous and largest being Ft. St Vrain. The only real issue with is that GA took short cuts during construction (because it was 'safe'), and that lead to issues with alarms. After 15 years of that, PSC gave up on it and closed it.

    Right now, if General Atomic chose to get back into the game, they could re-do this intelligently and be the big winners on this in under 5 years.

    --
    I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
  17. Re:Cool idea I had today by gurps_npc · · Score: 2
    There are simpler methods. Fourth Generation plants use a slurry of thorium and molten salt instead of solid nuclear fuel.

    As such, they are built with an escape drain under the fuel supply. Near the drain is a refrigerator that cools the salt to a solid, plugging the drain.

    When the power fails, the plug melts, and all the fuel flows out of the system into a large holding area. The holding area is too big to generate significant heat.

    This means no meltdown is possible. Humans can literally walk (or run) away and in minutes, the reactor shuts down automatically.

    The main problems are

    1. An improperly managed plant creates acidic gasses in small quantities. It needs more maintenance to keep working.

    2. Breeder reactors are much less prolific. That makes it difficult to create nuclear weapons and also means you have to actually dig fuel out of the ground instead of simply making your own for free.

    --
    excitingthingstodo.blogspot.com
  18. Re:Correction by robot256 · · Score: 2
    Mobile hydrogen storage is also a solved problem, and it's much safer than gasoline.

    Miami, in its test, set fire to two cars, one with hydrogen and the other gasoline. While both created fires when ignited, the gasoline fire engulfed the entire car causing total damage, whereas the hydrogen flame vented vertically and failed to spread to the rest of the vehicle....Similarly, in 1997, a vehicle safety study by the automaker Ford concluded hydrogen is potentially a better fuel source than gasoline when proper controls are built into the vehicle.