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NASA's Next Mission: Deep Space

gManZboy writes "NASA's Mars Science Lab and Curiosity rover are the next steps in a long-term plan to travel farther and faster into space. Check out the future spacecrafts and tools that will get them there — including NASA's big bet, a spacecraft that combines the Orion multipurpose crew vehicle with the Space Launch System, designed to take astronauts beyond low-Earth orbit for the first time since the Apollo 17 Moon mission in 1972. NASA will need 10 years to prepare astronauts to take Orion and SLS for a test flight."

182 comments

  1. Are we going to build it? by ibsteve2u · · Score: 1, Insightful

    Or are we going to offshore it?

    --
    Orwell: "In a Time of Universal Deceit, telling the Truth is a Revolutionary Act"
    1. Re:Are we going to build it? by macraig · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Neither: we're going to cancel it outright, a month after the next President gets sworn-in.

    2. Re:Are we going to build it? by ibsteve2u · · Score: 2

      You might be right; a better question might have been "So what is the next President going to spend the money on with an 'Executive Order'?"

      --
      Orwell: "In a Time of Universal Deceit, telling the Truth is a Revolutionary Act"
    3. Re:Are we going to build it? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I heard they cut NASA's budget in half for outside launch services from SpaceX and the like. So uh, what the hell are we going to do for space travel when they cancel this one? :(

    4. Re:Are we going to build it? by demachina · · Score: 5, Interesting

      If America is going to get humans to Mars SpaceX is your best bet, not NASA. NASA is completely indifferent to actually building a new launcher. NASA's only goal is to keep Senators Shelby, Nelson, Hatch and Hutchinson happy with perpetual jobs programs in their states so their money keeps flowing. That's why they keep proposing launchers that are always 10 years away from ever launching.

      The beauty of SpaceX is they get some money from Congress but they can probably support themselves on commercial and military launch contracts and ride out the sheer stupidity of America's political system.

      Here is an excellent article on SpaceX in Air and Space Mag.

      Elon Musk's goal is almost entirely aiming towards colonize Mars and disrupting launcher design so thoroughly that we can actually afford to get big things in to LEO and beyond.

      Article has excellent stuff on the really innovative stuff they are doing, like their heat shield. They aren't patenting anything because they don't want to give China a HOWTO so they can rip off all the cool stuff they are doing. They also give the finger to all the existing aerospace companies that try to gouge them on parts. If the price isn't reasonable they build their own and often improve on existing designs. They are probably going to undercut China's Long March on LEO launch cost which is impressive with their plant being in very expensive California and having a relatively expensive American work force. They are beating China on cost using innovation.

      A really compelling part in the article is an engineer at one of their competitors rooting for them to succeed. They are almost the only shot America has of recapturing the Apollo magic and beating China in the new space race.

      --
      @de_machina
    5. Re:Are we going to build it? by ChatHuant · · Score: 2, Insightful

      You might be right; a better question might have been "So what is the next President going to spend the money on with an 'Executive Order'?"

      Do you even have to ask? Tax cuts, bailouts, incentives or whatever they call now the payback to the corporations or rich individuals that bought, sorry, "contributed" to his campaign.

    6. Re:Are we going to build it? by macraig · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Both you and the AC that replied to you before me are equally right, and at the same time both wrong.

      In the current state of affairs and absence of sufficient collective awareness and conscience, private entities not beholden to the tug-of-war of politics are the only entities likely to be able to fund a continued space presence (much less an expansion of that presence).

      On the other hand, the consequences for the human collective if such an infrastructure is left in private hands would be nothing less than THE END of any chance of reigning in the One Percent that nearly controls everything now. Can you imagine the "network neutrality" debate translated into the infrastructure required for space exploration and colonization?

      Never mind that ALL discussions of so-called network neutrality are a deliberate mis-frame, because the only true neutrality would be public ownership of the infrastructure - the wires - and THAT has never even been part of the main discussion; it's only been unimportant people like me with no voice even mentioning it at all. (Meanwhile the government in Australia finally gets something right that doesn't repeat our political stupidities, with its plan to buy back their wires as part of its own broadband initiative.)

      Frankly, we don't dare even allow Space-X or any single government to get a controlling foothold off-planet until we've evolved the necessary collective awareness and wisdom to prevent the result from reading like the plot from any one of dozens of dystopian science fiction novels. WE NEED TO OWN THAT INFRASTRUCTURE, all of us; it needs to be a co-op enterprise. The human push into space must be a SOCIAL endeavor, and by social I mean the entire human tribe, not just one splinter group of it.

    7. Re:Are we going to build it? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      They are almost the only shot America has of recapturing the Apollo magic and beating China in the new space race.

      Don't worry. If it looks like Musk/SpaceX (or any other private US aerospace corp.) actually advances to the point that there's a chance that the US might become a serious player in space exploration again, the politicians will find a way to stop it. Even if they have to do a frame-up job on Musk (or whoever else may be a threat).

      Don't forget who bought and owns the government now, and it ain't the unions, it ain't the corporations, it ain't the Kochs or Soros.

      It's China.

    8. Re:Are we going to build it? by strack · · Score: 3, Insightful

      oh stop being so fucking melodramatic. whats wrong with profit motive driving down the cost of access to space? that seems like a ideal place to apply a bit of ruthless capitalism. its not like the government has done much to lower the cost to get to space.

    9. Re:Are we going to build it? by oh2 · · Score: 1, Insightful

      You forgot bombing Iran. Its their turn next, you know.

      --

      Now the world has gone to bed, Darkness won't engulf my head, I can see by infra-red, How I hate the night.

    10. Re:Are we going to build it? by Spy+Handler · · Score: 1

      Wow, thanks for that article link. It's the best damn thing I've read on here in a long time (the original Slashdot article is PR crap btw, I'm talking about the Air & Space one)

      Sure worth repeating: http://www.airspacemag.com/space-exploration/Visionary-Launchers-Employees.html

      P.S. Elon looks a lot like Pavel Chekov!

    11. Re:Are we going to build it? by BlueStrat · · Score: 1

      Frankly, we don't dare even allow Space-X or any single government to get a controlling foothold off-planet until we've evolved the necessary collective awareness and wisdom to prevent the result from reading like the plot from any one of dozens of dystopian science fiction novels. WE NEED TO OWN THAT INFRASTRUCTURE, all of us; it needs to be a co-op enterprise. The human push into space must be a SOCIAL endeavor, and by social I mean the entire human tribe, not just one splinter group of it.

      I don't have all the answers, or even a fraction of them. But, what you advocate here could only turn out well if basic human nature suddenly and totally changed.

      As long as government is the all-encompassing megalith it's become over the last 100 years, mortgaged up past it's eyeballs with fingers in every pie and control over everything, thereby guaranteeing massive corruption by anyone that has money, the space program (and all other worthwhile works) will only go as far as the politicians (and those who pay them) want it to go.

      Corporations only have the amount of power they currently enjoy and can only act as criminally as they do without real fear because the government has power they can co-opt, and are able to do it safely because of the sheer size of government. If the government wasn't so all-encompassing and huge, corporations wouldn't have the power they do.

      It's not capitalism that's given corporations the power they have these days as so many like the OWS protesters scream about, it's a too-large government that by it's very nature of being so large & powerful, attracts corruption and covers up corruption in it's labyrinthine maze of finger-pointers, always blaming something/someone else and muddying the waters such that curbing corruption is impossible. It becomes a circular self-reinforcing system until it collapses and leaves the poor sucker citizens to suffer the consequences.

      Strat

      --
      Progressivism (aka US 'Liberalism'): Ideas so good they need a police/surveillance-state to enforce.
    12. Re:Are we going to build it? by f()rK()_Bomb · · Score: 4, Insightful

      You put you lives in the hands of for profit airline companies and car makers. Don't be ridiculous

      --
      "The space elevator will be built about 50 years after everyone stops laughing." - Arthur C. Clarke ~1980
    13. Re:Are we going to build it? by Mindcontrolled · · Score: 1

      Thanks for finally showing your colours. You have proven yourself to be a brainless conservative troll many times. It is not particularly surprising that you finally out yourself as equally brainless antisemite. Who would have thunk...

      --
      Ubi solitudinem faciunt, pacem appellant.
    14. Re:Are we going to build it? by Hitokiri+Battousai · · Score: 4, Interesting

      If you haven't watched the anime Planetes, you should. One of the main topics is what you're talking about. It's one of the best hard science fictions I've seen/read.

    15. Re:Are we going to build it? by Electricity+Likes+Me · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Corporations only have the amount of power they currently enjoy and can only act as criminally as they do without real fear because the government has power they can co-opt, and are able to do it safely because of the sheer size of government. If the government wasn't so all-encompassing and huge, corporations wouldn't have the power they do.

      This makes absolutely no sense.

      It's not capitalism that's given corporations the power they have these days as so many like the OWS protesters scream about, it's a too-large government that by it's very nature of being so large & powerful, attracts corruption and covers up corruption in it's labyrinthine maze of finger-pointers, always blaming something/someone else and muddying the waters such that curbing corruption is impossible. It becomes a circular self-reinforcing system until it collapses and leaves the poor sucker citizens to suffer the consequences.

      And this is akin to saying "the problem with all this crime is that we have laws!"

    16. Re:Are we going to build it? by drooling-dog · · Score: 0

      whats wrong with profit motive driving down the cost of access to space?

      Just what does the profit motive have to do with driving down the cost? Is there some sort of competitive market for commodity deep-space launchers? Can we now choose among dozens of alternative vendors to get that "just-right" balance of cost and safety/reliability?

    17. Re:Are we going to build it? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      We put our lives in the hands of heavily REGULATED for profit transportation companies. There is a damn good reason why, too.

    18. Re:Are we going to build it? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      They will cut 3 billion a year for SLS and then increase private space from .5B to 1B a year. It will actually take Falcon Heavy to launch, before SLS is killed. But that is suppose to occur in 2013. At that time, it is hard to argue for 1-2B a launch system that puts up 70 tonnes from 2021 through to 2030, while FH will put up 50 tonnes for 100 million starting in 2013.

      Ideally, in about 5 years or so, we would do a COTS-SHLV for TWO vehicles. Offer up 5 billion or so for development, and require that each launch be below .5B. With 2 SHLVs we can do a base on the moon and mars.

      Windbourne-moderating.

    19. Re:Are we going to build it? by demachina · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Elon Musk isn't doing SpaceX to profiteer. He is doing it because he wanted to launch payloads to Mars and all of the previous alternatives tended to suck.

      He needs to turn a profit on his launchers so he can plow the money back in to R&D to work on the next steps in the technology. The SpaceX business model is totally the right one, and it has NOTHING to do with the OWS and the 1% strife. We should be cheering him on for putting a bunch of aerospace engineers back to work in California, and for pouring over NASA's engineering docs from Apollo through now and preserving and building on all that hard won knowledge.

      One reason NASA is completely dysfunctional is Congress and one president after another keeps forcing them to change their designs and even their goals every 4-8 years, they force them to do things with more focus on which states the jobs programs will be in, Florida in particular being an important swing state, rather than if its the best design for the goal. The Chinese might be able to make the state funded model work since most of their politburo is technocrats and engineers. Letting a bunch of clueless lawyers run your space program⦠really bad idea.

      --
      @de_machina
    20. Re:Are we going to build it? by HBI · · Score: 1

      More's the pity that the truth in those words isn't clear. It's the reason why no solution is possible at this time, and perhaps ever.

      --
      HBI's Law: Frequency of calling others Nazis is directly correlated with the likelihood of the accuser being Communist.
    21. Re:Are we going to build it? by abigor · · Score: 2

      Too bad this was downmodded. The parent isn't making an anti-semitic comment - he's saying that the "new left" or whatever has a deep vein of anti-semitism running through it, though they attempt to misdirect with clever language. To many on the loony left (and I have first-hand knowledge of this - if you want to experience this for yourself, go to an Occupy camp somewhere and hang out for a while), the "one percent" == "the Jews".

    22. Re:Are we going to build it? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Assume space is tightly controlled by private interests. So long as the infrastructure is built, humanity always has a chance to break free. After all, pyramids on Mars aren't going to build themselves.

    23. Re:Are we going to build it? by c6gunner · · Score: 3, Insightful

      It's no surprise - the "new left" are the quickest to silence any dissent, and they love their mod points. I can trash the far-right all day long and get maybe one "troll" mod which gets balanced out by multiple "insightful" mods. But make a negative comment about the far-left, and you're downmoded into oblivion within seconds. I expected to be downmoded, but it needed to be said.

    24. Re:Are we going to build it? by oursland · · Score: 1

      First you put words into other people's mouths then you get upset about what you claim they said? You're a real piece of shit, you know that?

    25. Re:Are we going to build it? by macraig · · Score: 1

      Thanks for mentioning that.

    26. Re:Are we going to build it? by BlueStrat · · Score: 2

      More's the pity that the truth in those words isn't clear. It's the reason why no solution is possible at this time, and perhaps ever.

      Thanks.

      Some don't want to understand those truths in my post above for ideological reasons, nor do they want anyone else to hear such truths. To accept & acknowledge those truths invalidates their entire worldview. They do the mental equivalent of sticking their fingers in their ears and going; "I can't hear you!...lalalalala!" while attempting to silence any dissenting views. There's simply no arguing with these types, as they've drank the kool-aid. They live in an armored ideological echo chamber. They are "true believers", no different than any religious fanatic. They simply must be defeated politically.

      Some are simply incapable of understanding, as they were never taught much history, nor were they taught how to think...rather, they were simply taught what to think. Some of these types can be reasoned with, if they're open-minded enough to listen and to try thinking differently than they've been taught all their lives.

      Strat

      --
      Progressivism (aka US 'Liberalism'): Ideas so good they need a police/surveillance-state to enforce.
    27. Re:Are we going to build it? by BlueStrat · · Score: 2

      Corporations only have the amount of power they currently enjoy and can only act as criminally as they do without real fear because the government has power they can co-opt, and are able to do it safely because of the sheer size of government. If the government wasn't so all-encompassing and huge, corporations wouldn't have the power they do.

      This makes absolutely no sense.

      That's because you fail to understand that centralization of power provides a simple one-stop-shop for corruption to exercise power over the entire system. In addition, that huge bureaucracies are ideal for hiding corruption and deflecting guilt. It's like the situation of corruption occurring in a government department that hands out money to favored private corporations. Some would argue that it requires even more bureaucracy to oversee the handing out of taxpayer money to favored corporate interests, when the question should be why is the government in the business of handing out taxpayer money to certain politically-chosen private interests.

      It's not capitalism that's given corporations the power they have these days as so many like the OWS protesters scream about, it's a too-large government that by it's very nature of being so large & powerful, attracts corruption and covers up corruption in it's labyrinthine maze of finger-pointers, always blaming something/someone else and muddying the waters such that curbing corruption is impossible. It becomes a circular self-reinforcing system until it collapses and leaves the poor sucker citizens to suffer the consequences.

      And this is akin to saying "the problem with all this crime is that we have laws!"

      No, this is saying that huge, powerful government bureaucracies that hand out money and favorable laws & regulations to the politically-connected are the ideal place for corruption to fester while remaining hidden by their sheer size muddying the trail of accountability and making it near impossible to determine who is guilty.

      Strat

      --
      Progressivism (aka US 'Liberalism'): Ideas so good they need a police/surveillance-state to enforce.
    28. Re:Are we going to build it? by garyebickford · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Frankly, we don't dare even allow Space-X or any single government to get a controlling foothold off-planet until we've evolved the necessary collective awareness and wisdom to prevent the result from reading like the plot from any one of dozens of dystopian science fiction novels. WE NEED TO OWN THAT INFRASTRUCTURE, all of us; it needs to be a co-op enterprise. The human push into space must be a SOCIAL endeavor, and by social I mean the entire human tribe, not just one splinter group of it.

      No. Or at least, only in the broadest abstract sense, in which we truly already do collectively 'own' it. Imagine if the integrated circuit technology invented in the early-mid 1960s had been owned and developed collectively. We would still be running 128 K bit memory and 100 KHz processors, and disk drive capacity would be still approaching 10 Mibibytes. If (as so many of us believe) NASA in its post-Apollo structure has held back space exploration rather than advanced it, how can you propose that this, a particular expression of a collective approach, makes any sense?

      No, progress has always and will always depend on individual creativity, risk taking and initiative. In fact I'm rooting for the first trillionaires, who will achieve trillionaire status by collecting $100 billion in investment and using it to exploiting the literally unlimited resources available to a space-faring civilization. They are the ones who will pull this off, risking their own and their investors' futures and their participants (employees etc.)) lives. Excellent examples - Elon Musk, Mark Shuttleworth, Jeff Bezos, Burt Rutan, Richard Branson, and Robert Bigelow.

      Do not forget for one minute that there is no technical difference (other than the pre-existing legal basis for shooting the opposition without repercussion) between a government and a corporation. The plain fact is that space is big - really big, and communications and transport are relatively slow compared to the distances. So it is inevitable that any future spacefaring civilization will be segmented and diversified, analogously to the world in the era of sailing ships when it could take months or years to get from Europe to China.

      Whether the management of the various elements of a spacefaring civilization - planetary, asteroidal or orbital communities - are governments or companies is a rather unimportant distinction - in the end, both will act similarly to protect their interests. (A 'company' was, originally, a group of people who establish a contractual agreement to work in common - in some cases under a government or military regime, in others under a profit-making regime. But all 'companies' must make a 'profit' - acquire more resources than are spent - else they die.) Let the legal structure be developed and firmly established on the basis of a common understanding of the rights and responsibilities of humans, to prevent and minimize the impact of internal and inter-agency conflict and preserve human and other rights, and work very hard to establish a permanent philosophy and practice of ethical interactions, and there is a chance that most (not all) conflicts between groups will be restricted to activities within that broad legal basis. For example, there have been almost no significant deadly conflicts between the various states of the United States. California has not sent their militia to attack Oregon over water rights on the Klamath River. That is the best that you can hope for.

      --
      It's easier to be a result of the past, but more fun to be a cause of the future! http://www.spacefinancegroup.com/
    29. Re:Are we going to build it? by garyebickford · · Score: 1

      Corporations are, simply, organizations chartered by governments to act according to government policy. Vis. the East India Company. Their use was expanded in the 1800s to accommodate the need for organizations that rose from new technology - railroads, telegraph, etc. - to be able to attract capital from non-governmental sources (public investment) at a new large scale, and to build the administrative structure required to run national-scale business operations. Single individuals could no longer collect enough money to build such large enterprises, and could no longer manage them either. (Similar problems with administration were arising in government as well.) Thus the rise of the bureaucracy simultaneously in both commerce and government.

      Without the imprimature and legislative support provided by government, corporations could literally not exist. Whether that would be a good or bad thing is an interesting question. However, corporations as presently structured are far more responsive to public opinion and government policy than their individually-owned predecessors. For example, read up on Jay Gould, John D. Rockefeller (both of whom were really participants in the transition from proprietorship to corporate structures) - or the feudal lords of the Middle Ages. the feudal lords were really the prototypes of the pre-corporate industrial company.

      --
      It's easier to be a result of the past, but more fun to be a cause of the future! http://www.spacefinancegroup.com/
    30. Re:Are we going to build it? by c6gunner · · Score: 1

      And this is akin to saying "the problem with all this crime is that we have laws!"

      Yes, exactly! We've created a society where everyone is a criminal. In most cases it's the law that's the problem - not the "criminals".

    31. Re:Are we going to build it? by wdef · · Score: 1

      Maybe bombing yes, but a ground force invasion of Iran won't happen. It's too big and Iran's military is too rich and powerful. If we think the US messed up in Iraq and Afghanistan - I mean, what a mess! - those would be nothing compared to the huge disaster that would result from an invasion of Iran.

    32. Re:Are we going to build it? by wdef · · Score: 1

      WE NEED TO OWN THAT INFRASTRUCTURE, all of us; it needs to be a co-op enterprise. The human push into space must be a SOCIAL endeavor, and by social I mean the entire human tribe, not just one splinter group of it.

      I'd like to agree with you, and I would have, once. At present it doesn't look like governments can afford to 'own that infrastructure'. They're all so in debt. I agree they could probably find some way around that but governments don't seem to give a shit about space anymore. When people started yawning at yet another boring shuttle shot it meant the end of more stuff for politicians and that meant the end of exciting space shots ie those carrying humans to exotic places which is a critical part of getting excited about exploration. The impetus needed to be kept up after the Apollo program, we should never have stopped choosing JFK-style targets to galvanize all sections of society and to do 'not because they are easy but because they are hard'. We miss you JFK. Still. Even in Europe. We should follow his example and do hard manned flight targets not only joy rides to the ISS.

    33. Re:Are we going to build it? by garyebickford · · Score: 1

      Letting a bunch of clueless lawyers with delusions of grandeur run your space program⦠really bad idea.

      FTFY :)

      There are few things more dangerous to society than the opportunity to have a monument named after you.

      --
      It's easier to be a result of the past, but more fun to be a cause of the future! http://www.spacefinancegroup.com/
    34. Re:Are we going to build it? by Kagura · · Score: 1

      Maybe bombing yes, but a ground force invasion of Iran won't happen. It's too big and Iran's military is too rich and powerful. If we think the US messed up in Iraq and Afghanistan - I mean, what a mess! - those would be nothing compared to the huge disaster that would result from an invasion of Iran.

      Really? Iraq's army was routed in weeks, and Afghanistan (which had a rag-tag army) was routed in a couple months with only a few hundred US operators in country, working with a few thousand indigenous troops belonging to that country's warlords. Iraq and Afghanistan are a mess because the political leaders of the time thought everything would work out fine even if they ignored years of pre-invasion occupation planning.

      Iran's army wouldn't stand a chance against the US military and a regional coalition. The fact that you say their military is "too rich and powerful" is nothing in the face of U.S. defense spending. That money doesn't just go into a blackhole of contractor pockets. These programs churn out extremely effective weaponry and force multipliers built with a focus on today's battles and the future, and all of Iran's military might wouldn't be able to contain a multi-national invasion spearheaded by the U.S.

    35. Re:Are we going to build it? by ultranova · · Score: 1

      Corporations only have the amount of power they currently enjoy and can only act as criminally as they do without real fear because the government has power they can co-opt, and are able to do it safely because of the sheer size of government. If the government wasn't so all-encompassing and huge, corporations wouldn't have the power they do.

      Any power the central government doesn't hold, the corporations, local landowners, and other wealthy entities will simply use directly. Whether you pay Pinkerton, a bunch of mercenaries, or the Government to deal with your opponents, money still brings you power. The only difference is that the Government is at least somewhat holden to popular opinion, so it'll likely show more restraint than the former two.

      That's the problem with various libertarian ideologies: they think that if the Government loses power, the power simply disappears. Of course it doesn't, it just means that some other entity wields it instead. And most other entities don't have even the nominal commitment to the public good the Government does, nor even the shade of democracy to keep them in check.

      It's not capitalism that's given corporations the power they have these days

      No, it's the concentration of wealth into few hands that does, but that's an inevitable result of capitalism, unless rigorously fought by progressive taxation and forcibly splitting up large corporations. It's too late for America, for the gap of wealth - and thus power - between the rich and poor is alrady too wide to push such reforms through, but here in Europe it might still be possible.

      --

      Forget magic. Any technology distinguishable from divine power is insufficiently advanced.

    36. Re:Are we going to build it? by ultranova · · Score: 1

      It's funny how a certain lunatic fringe keeps using that phrase, when they really mean to say "jews".

      The One Percent and their fanclub must be getting desperate, if they're resorting to accusations of racism. What's next? Anyone who doesn't bend over for them is a pedophile?

      --

      Forget magic. Any technology distinguishable from divine power is insufficiently advanced.

    37. Re:Are we going to build it? by RockDoctor · · Score: 1

      These programs churn out extremely effective weaponry and force multipliers built with a focus on today's battles and the future, and all of Iran's military might wouldn't be able to contain a multi-national invasion spearheaded by the U.S.

      And which other nations would be members of this "multi-national coalition"? The member of my family who have been stupid enough to join the military would go into the glass house (military prison) if they weren't allowed to leave the army in preference to being lackies for the Americans (though to be honest, I think they're likely to finish their careers before it becomes an issue). Politically, there would be rioting in the streets if the government tried to get involved in such an attack. We've got no real problem with Iran, and there is significant trade with the country which would be adversely affected by going to war with them at the behest of the Americans.

      You've just made very explicit why Iran needs to acquire nuclear weapons. Indeed, why they've got a moral right to have them. The Iranian government may not be the nicest people in the world, but they're not the worst people in the area either.

      --
      Birds are not dinosaur descendants;birds are dinosaurs, for all useful meanings of "birds", "are" and "dinosaurs"
    38. Re:Are we going to build it? by BlueStrat · · Score: 1

      Any power the central government doesn't hold, the corporations, local landowners, and other wealthy entities will simply use directly.

      This is incorrect, as the "food chain" of powers is already spelled out in the 10th Amendment to the Constitution.

      "The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.".

      The Federal government has been usurping the powers of the States and the People. This is a major cause of the problems the US is facing.

      The key to controlling the attempts by those with wealth to corrupt the system lies in first keeping any central power & authority as weak as possible, with only those powers it absolutely must have to perform it's basic limited functions. As much of the actual governance of the country as possible must be as local and close to the people as possible in order for people to have as much oversight and control as possible.

      No, it's the concentration of wealth into few hands that does, but that's an inevitable result of capitalism, unless rigorously fought by progressive taxation and forcibly splitting up large corporations.

      The concentration of wealth happens when government becomes too large & powerful, which guarantees corruption and "crony capitalism" which seeks to prevent competition from small players and erects barriers to entry into the market by the "little guy", as has increasingly been the case in the US over the last 80-100 years. Simply handing wealth over to the government by taxation doesn't solve disparities in private sector wealth, it only empowers government to become more corrupt. Forced wealth redistribution by the government has never, ever, in all of history, turned out well and does not lift up the poor, but rather brings everyone down to equal poverty and misery.

      Strat

      --
      Progressivism (aka US 'Liberalism'): Ideas so good they need a police/surveillance-state to enforce.
    39. Re:Are we going to build it? by Man+Eating+Duck · · Score: 1

      If you haven't watched the anime Planetes, you should. One of the main topics is what you're talking about. It's one of the best hard science fictions I've seen/read.

      That looks interesting, personally I have the problem that I simply can't stand the usual visuals of anime/manga. It's too bad, because some of the stories seems to be very good science fiction.

      --
      Are you a grammar Nazi? I'm trying to improve my English; please correct my errors! :)
    40. Re:Are we going to build it? by ultranova · · Score: 1

      The concentration of wealth happens when government becomes too large & powerful, which guarantees corruption and "crony capitalism" which seeks to prevent competition from small players and erects barriers to entry into the market by the "little guy", as has increasingly been the case in the US over the last 80-100 years.

      The concentration of wealth happens because of compound interest: the more money you have, the faster you can make more, even if your return of investment stays the same. But of course it doesn't, since the efficiency of scale works for you too the larger you are, allowing you to get better deals, favorable treatment at suppliers and resellers, and more visibility through marketing. You can also use shadier tactics such as selling at a loss to drive competitors bankrupt, customer lock-in, and deals with suppliers and resellers to keep them from catering to anyone but you. Then there's a world of outright criminal activities that opens up with weaker government, such as hiring thugs to bust unions.

      This is exactly rocket science, you know.

      Forced wealth redistribution by the government has never, ever, in all of history, turned out well and does not lift up the poor, but rather brings everyone down to equal poverty and misery.

      Worked just fine for Nordic welfare states. And the US too, back before Reagan. And now, after repeated tax cuts for the rich, the economy is in tailspin and poverty ever-increasing.

      --

      Forget magic. Any technology distinguishable from divine power is insufficiently advanced.

    41. Re:Are we going to build it? by Galestar · · Score: 2

      News flash: The U.S. is the only country pushing anti-Iran propaganda down their citizen's throat. The rest of the world does not see Iran as a threat, and actually perceives Israel and America a much bigger threat to the stability of that region. There will be no "multi-national" invasion.

      --
      AccountKiller
    42. Re:Are we going to build it? by Kagura · · Score: 1

      News flash: The U.S. is the only country pushing anti-Iran propaganda down their citizen's throat. The rest of the world does not see Iran as a threat, and actually perceives Israel and America a much bigger threat to the stability of that region. There will be no "multi-national" invasion.

      First of all, I said nothing like that in my post, other than when I used the word "Iran" talking about something completely different. But anyway, you are wrong.

      Iran is heavily involved in trafficking of ballistic missile technology and nuclear technology with North Korea, Syria, and Pakistan, which ALL other nations see as an extreme proliferation risk. If you read skimmed through any of the diplomatic cables, you would see that an ENORMOUS number of them deal with proliferation issues around the world that affect international interests. Iran is also an enormous supporter of Hezbollah and Hamas and their shah-lead dictatorship is openly hostile to the Western world (rightly so since liberalization weakens their grip on power.) If you think the majority of the countries of the world have friendly relations with Iran, you are very, very mistaken. Iran is recognized as a concrete threat to the greater international community, but the cost to do anything about them is very high. The problem is, our entire global civilization revolves around oil, and nobody wants to fuck with the oil supply unless they really have to. This is the case whether you are talking about sanctions or whether you are talking about an invasion disrupting the oil flow for some years. Here's a recent article from The Economist:

      France has led the way in offering European Union support, recalling its ambassador for consultations in Paris (in common with several other EU countries), and calling for a new sanction barring EU countries from buying Iranian oil. At a meeting of EU foreign ministers on Thursday there was much talk of solidarity, but no agreement on boycotting Iranian oil. Spain and Italy had grumbled at the level of diplomats in working groups that they would need more time to find alternative sources of energy. Greece, which is heavily reliant on Iranian oil because few other suppliers are willing to supply a country on the brink of bankruptcy, blocked a boycott. A report on the EUObserver news website quotes unnamed diplomats saying that some other countries were also hiding behind Greece, saying "People don't say it out loud. But there is an understanding oil sanctions would hurt the EU rather than hitting Iran where it hurts and would make oil cheaper for China."

      The IAEA recently released a report concluding that Iran was actively involved in nuclear weapons research and development. Don't let the calm wording of the report fool you, this is a big deal for the IAEA to come out and say. The IAEA has often stymied US efforts in the past to get viable sanctions against Iran, because the IAEA is extremely impartial, and they never make assumptions or report findings without extremely strong evidence. They have a very long history of not kowtowing to the greater powers, such as the US.

      This isn't propaganda against Iran just because these reasons may justify a later war. When you get down to it, this is a country that gives enormous support to real, actual terrorists and openly subverts attempts by the international community to contain its nuclear weapons research and conventional weapons proliferation. If you truly believe only the US cares about this, then you should asking your government WHY they aren't doing more. Thankfully, however, your world view is incorrect and the international community actually is interested in containing Iran and the huge proliferation risk they pose to the world at large.

    43. Re:Are we going to build it? by Galestar · · Score: 1

      The IAEA report you cite contains no new evidence, and was written by the new head who has shown he will say anything the American govnt tells him to. Iran does not have a nuclear weapons program, this is American propaganda that you and many others have fallen victim too, just as you probably believed them when they said Iraq had WMDs. Isreal however does and would like nothing more than to start a war with Iran. Isreal and the U.S. are the real threat to peace in the area.

      --
      AccountKiller
    44. Re:Are we going to build it? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You are so dillusional! Stop watch faux news you have taken the bait hook line and sinker.

    45. Re:Are we going to build it? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      IAEA's Iranian Fantasy Land the report is just war propaganda.

  2. Budget Cuts will doom it by qualityassurancedept · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Sadly, there is on the one hand the desire to come up with ever more grandiose projects now that the space shuttle program is defunct and on the other hand looming budget cuts... so what we will get is a huge launch and a couple of years of data and then a giant chunk of metal hurling through space that no one can afford to keep track of any more. Civilization is collapsing.

    --
    if your life is such a big joke then why should I care?
    1. Re:Budget Cuts will doom it by hedwards · · Score: 2, Insightful

      If they agreed to stop studying climate change the GOP would probably let them have their funding back.

    2. Re:Budget Cuts will doom it by cowtamer · · Score: 5, Insightful

      It won't be budget cuts, but the lack of political will. If SOME politician in charge would just give NASA a well-defined mission such as "10 years for a working moon base" or "15 years to land humans on Mars" they would find a way to pull it off, even without budget increases -- provided that the next guy doesn't just change or the mission. But this takes guts, and the willingness to stand up to the inevitable chorus of of naysayers and space-hating dullards who will keep yammering about budget deficits, etc.

      So instead, they end up spending a considerable amount of money on ENDLESS reorganizations and PowerPoint presentations while they lose engineers who are tired of the Sisyphean nature of working on projects that are prone to the whims of yearly budget cycles.

      Sometimes I feel like the politicians are AFRAID of letting NASA accomplish something grand, lest they attract the (unwarranted) attention of the aforementioned naysayers.

    3. Re:Budget Cuts will doom it by Truekaiser · · Score: 2

      Um please read this and come back. it's quite as simple as you think..
      http://physics.ucsd.edu/do-the-math/2011/10/why-not-space/

    4. Re:Budget Cuts will doom it by camperdave · · Score: 3, Informative

      Grandiose? The Orion module has a habitable volume of approximately 9 cubic metres, about the size of a full sized van. This is shared among a crew of 4, giving each about as much room as a shower stall. Mission duration is 21 days. The shuttle had a habitable volume of approximately 65 cubic metres, about the size of the trailer on a typical transport truck. It was designed for seven people. So each gets 9 cubic metres, as much as an entire Orion module. Granted, the shuttle had a mission duration of only 16 days, however, it had shower and toilet facilities, an airlock and space-suits. Add to that a civilized landing rather than a terrifying rescue at sea. There's no question which one I'd rather spend a mission in.

      --
      When our name is on the back of your car, we're behind you all the way!
    5. Re:Budget Cuts will doom it by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      That article argues that colonizing space is too expensive to be feasible. Having some missions is expensive, but is by no means impossible:

      In other words, I’m an insider—and a supporter. I whole-heartedly believe that space offers tremendous scientific promise. If we decide to return to the Moon (with or without people), I am enthusiastic about placing next-generation reflectors on the lunar surface, allowing us to drill deeper into the mysteries of gravity. Radio observations from the quiet far side can peer into the “dark ages” of the universe as the very first stars were forming. I am super-excited about the LISA gravitational wave observatory that I hope someday will get the funding and the green light to launch, assuredly revolutionizing our view of the universe. And to the extent that human spaceflight inspires youngsters to pursue a career of exploration and science, I’m all for it.

    6. Re:Budget Cuts will doom it by 0123456 · · Score: 2

      Add to that a civilized landing rather than a terrifying rescue at sea.

      I think you mean 'terrifying near-crash with no chance of survival if you missed the runway'.

    7. Re:Budget Cuts will doom it by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      We choose to go to the moon in this decade and do the other things, not because they are easy, but because they are hard, because that goal will serve to organize and measure the best of our energies and skills, because that challenge is one that we are willing to accept, one we are unwilling to postpone, and one which we intend to win, and the others, too.

      I'd gladly accept run on sentences if they replace defeatist sentiment. Alas for the end of humanity striving to accomplish the impossible.

    8. Re:Budget Cuts will doom it by strack · · Score: 2

      8.5 months dosent sound that insurmountable. stuff the international space station full of supplies and propellant, install a electrically generated magnetosphere, and blastoff.

    9. Re:Budget Cuts will doom it by drooling-dog · · Score: 1

      It won't be budget cuts, but the lack of political will.

      Don't those amount to the same thing? "Political will" == a large and sustained budget.

    10. Re:Budget Cuts will doom it by cowtamer · · Score: 1

      It won't be budget cuts, but the lack of political will.

      Don't those amount to the same thing? "Political will" == a large and sustained budget.

      No they don't. NASA actually has a decent budget (more would help, I'm sure), but keeps spending a lot of it on various and sundry projects which go nowhere (certain exceptions such as the Mars Rover notwithstanding).

      There doesn't seem to be enough courage even within the organization to say "Let's go to Mars!" or "Let's build a moon base!" unless it comes from the top. [The organization is not structured that way -- it is part of the Executive Branch -- their missions ultimately come from above, as it was intended]

      I believe there are enough brilliant brilliant engineers amongst the bureaucrats (for the time being) to pull it off if a sustained directive was given. And some of the things they _need_ to pull off (IMHO) are beyond what can be accomplished by $20M prizes... (Not to dis the X-Prize)

    11. Re:Budget Cuts will doom it by khallow · · Score: 1

      If SOME politician in charge would just give NASA a well-defined mission such as "10 years for a working moon base" or "15 years to land humans on Mars" they would find a way to pull it off, even without budget increases

      The ignorance implied by that post is mind boggling. Aside from the fact (as an A.C. noted) that this has already happened numerous times without consequence, we need to consider that most areas of human endeavor don't have this problem. I don't need a politician with a plan to get a meal or drive my car. One doesn't need political will or whatever, if one provides value that people are willing to pay lots of their own money for.

    12. Re:Budget Cuts will doom it by camperdave · · Score: 1

      I think you mean 'terrifying near-crash with no chance of survival if you missed the runway'.

      To my knowledge, no shuttle has ever overshot, or undershot the runway. Besides, there are miles and miles of open dry lake bed surrounding the landing strip (which, by the way, is just painted on the lake bed).

      Furthermore, why would you think there is no chance of survival if they miss the runway? There's no fuel aboard the shuttle to catch fire, so the number one killer of crash victims is eliminated. The crew, using a five point harness system, is strapped into seats capable of withstanding the 3G+ loads of takeoff (and probably designed for withstanding a lot more than that). The frame of the shuttle is capable of withstanding the aerodynamic loading of a Mach 25 re-entry, way stronger than any commercial jet. Also, when the Challenger's external tank exploded, the crew cabin module survived the explosion intact. In other words, if you're going to crash, you'd be safer in a shuttle.

      --
      When our name is on the back of your car, we're behind you all the way!
  3. Doubt it. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Never going to happen.
    Face it, you're broke.

  4. sucks by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Our space program flat out sucks. I wonder if the people in the 70s ever dreamed we would have such an embarrassing lack of progress during the next 4 decades.

    1. Re:sucks by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Our space program flat out sucks. I wonder if the people in the 70s ever dreamed we would have such an embarrassing lack of progress during the next 4 decades.

      Speaking as someone in elementary school at the time guys were walking on the moon, many of us were pretty enthusiastic about learning math and science since you needed that to build and/or fly spaceships, space stations, and all that related sort of stuff. So no, 2011 didn't quite turn out as we expected.

    2. Re:sucks by the+linux+geek · · Score: 3, Insightful

      We're still the only nation that seems to reliably be able to send anything to Mars.

    3. Re:sucks by wdef · · Score: 1

      You got that right. I stayed home sick as a small kid in 1969 just to watch the entire televised moon landing and not the short bit they let the kids at school watch. And I'm still waiting for my holiday under the plexiglass dome on the moon. I've never understood how we could get there (the moon) and then just ... stop.

  5. Why return mission? by sentientbeing · · Score: 5, Interesting

    i never understood why NASA insists on making the Mars trip a return mission. Why waste 3 years there and back stuck in the middle of space doing no science?

    Just send a couple of guys there and make it a one way mission. They can start colonising immediately and start building stuff. Pioneers used to do that sort of thing all the time in the new world.

    People place too much value on human life. If the Chinese send anyone theyd do it that way.

    I bet NASA could find a million volunteers to do it and id be one of them. Id do it for a single week on Mars.

    --

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    beware he who would deny you access to information, for in his mind he dreams himself your master
    1. Re:Why return mission? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Sure, it will be great for everyone to watch a couple people freak out and beg for a rescue when the reality of their mortality sets in. Good fun, and it will get them loads of funding for the next mission. After all, what little kid doesn't dream about growing up and going on a suicide mission for *science*? Better ship some good suicide pills for them too, that way they can die quick and quiet, or maybe just make it a kill switch enabled from Houston for good measure.

    2. Re:Why return mission? by epiphani · · Score: 2

      Because right now we're fairly certain they'd die - and not at the end of their natural life.

      A lot more research, development, and money would have to go into the program to actually believe we'd have some chance of establishing an actual colony, never mind a self-sustaining one.

      --
      .
    3. Re:Why return mission? by camperdave · · Score: 2

      Pioneers used to do that sort of thing all the time... AFTER the initial explorers had done sample return missions.

      --
      When our name is on the back of your car, we're behind you all the way!
    4. Re:Why return mission? by sentientbeing · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Why would they be expecting rescue? Rescue from what? Theyre colonists.
      Read about expeditions to the North and South poles. Read about guys who climb mount Everest. If human history was left to people like you we'd still be living in primordial swamps

      "im not climbing out onto land! its just fine here with these gills i've got"

      Maybe dont put your name forward then. They can send someone with balls:

      http://www.universetoday.com/14544/one-way-mission-to-mars-us-soldiers-will-go/

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      beware he who would deny you access to information, for in his mind he dreams himself your master
    5. Re:Why return mission? by sentientbeing · · Score: 3, Insightful

      They'll die right here on earth too. I guarantee that. Maybe theyll get hit by a bus. Maybe have a heart attack at 50. Maybe develop cancer by 55 and In 50 years time no one will even know they existed.

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      beware he who would deny you access to information, for in his mind he dreams himself your master
    6. Re:Why return mission? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Pioneers in, say, the American west didn't have to worry about such trivialities as running out of oxygen or potable water. Or food to hunt. Let's try and put this in perspective: NASA put a man on the man, but they were only able to do so after congress handed them a blank check and told them to get it done. The US is currently broke and going to mars does not really send a clear message to the rest of the world like going to the moon for the first time (ie: we have ICBM capability, so suck it).

    7. Re:Why return mission? by rossdee · · Score: 3, Insightful

      "Just send a couple of guys there and make it a one way mission. They can start colonising immediately and start building stuff."

      Unfortunately there are no Martian princesses there for these couple of guys to breed with, so you are gonna have to include some females in the crew.

      "Pioneers used to do that sort of thing all the time in the new world"
      "
      The new world (the Americas) had a lot of advantages that Mars does not:

      Breathable atmosphere
      Climate suitable for growing stuff
      Fertile soil with plants and animals already there
      turkeys, cranberries and mashed potato for dinner (and locals to tell the colonists how to cook them)
      Trees for making wooden structures out of
      fresh water
      mineral resources
      etc

    8. Re:Why return mission? by sentientbeing · · Score: 0

      I'm not talking about getting married and building picket fences, moron

      I'm talking about preparing a scientific base and doing research for the next teams to arrive.

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      beware he who would deny you access to information, for in his mind he dreams himself your master
    9. Re:Why return mission? by causality · · Score: 3, Insightful

      They'll die right here on earth too. I guarantee that. Maybe theyll get hit by a bus. Maybe have a heart attack at 50. Maybe develop cancer by 55 and In 50 years time no one will even know they existed.

      That's okay because eventually, anyone who could have known they existed will be dead too. So you see it's self-correcting.

      I mean it doesn't make much sense to say we over-value human life and then worry about the partial memories of those lives. The life itself is more valuable than the memory; if you recognize no other reason for this, then at least because it can continue to make more memories.

      I think that's your own desire to "make your legacy as an answer to mortality" using the topic to manifest itself. Otherwise I agree with you about having balls and understanding that exploring new frontiers might mean facing new dangers and this is not a good reason to give up. It would make a lot more sense than dying in some pointless undeclared war against a foreign nation that isn't really a threat to you.

      --
      It is a miracle that curiosity survives formal education. - Einstein
    10. Re:Why return mission? by sentientbeing · · Score: 0

      How is it giving up? Its the complete opposite!

      Its getting as much value for you life as is possible.

      You'd be helping humanity populate another world for fucks sake.

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      beware he who would deny you access to information, for in his mind he dreams himself your master
    11. Re:Why return mission? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      I'm not talking about getting married and building picket fences, moron

      I'm talking about preparing a scientific base and doing research for the next teams to arrive.

      You are talking about the same thing, only you have revised the terms to space age. Your suggestion is stupid for this age. Twenty years and several expeditions later , maybe it would make sense, but right now you sound like an over-excited kid.

    12. Re:Why return mission? by sentientbeing · · Score: 1, Informative

      Its a no-brainer to anybody who's thought about it for more than 5 minutes.

      http://www.universetoday.com/14544/one-way-mission-to-mars-us-soldiers-will-go/

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      beware he who would deny you access to information, for in his mind he dreams himself your master
    13. Re:Why return mission? by artor3 · · Score: 2

      Explorers on ships did. What do you think would have happened to Columbus if he got lost out there, or hit a storm that broke a mast, or an extended period with insufficient wind? You can't drink seawater. Sure, he could at least count on an endless supply of oxygen, but that's cold comfort to someone dying of dehydration in the middle of an ocean.

    14. Re:Why return mission? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Can we put this whole pioneer bullshit to rest? Pioneers were going into a world where there would be food, animals, materials for shelter, the same gravity, and AIR. Mars has none of these (although if you insist, I will grant you rock for shelter). Traveling across space to Mars isn't like traveling on the ocean to a new continent. Sure those guys had balls to risk traveling to a new land they had never seen, but they understood that they could take fish from the sea if they were hungry and could distill water from the ocean if they needed water. Space is empty, you cannot refuel your supplies from the cold vacuum of it. So the trip isn't bad. Let's get to Mars, see what you need then. You may argue that you can grow your own food, produce your own oxygen, and create your own shelter. If you're going to live on the ship you came in on, that's fine, just means you only have a few hundred feet to walk around in for the rest of your life. If you want something bigger, you need infrastructure to build it. And I mean massive infrastructure, because there are no hardware stores on Mars. Hell, there are no trees on Mars, so you better be building with rocks. But then you need massive tools to cut and move the rocks. And to seal them, because it's not like building a stone hut on Earth, you need that shit to be air tight. And as for air, you need a system to replenish your air, permanently. Unless, of course, you don't care to breathe. And you'll need redundancy, because that's not something that can go down for a weekend. So that's even more stuff you need to pack. Food. Grow your own, sure. But that takes space. And light. Assuming the biology of plant growth works decently on Mars, you still are getting less sunlight than normal. Growing in your own greenhouse would take significant space to feed people for a year, and if you have a particularly bad crop, there are no Indians to come and help you. And finally, Mars has roughly 1/3rd the gravity of Earth. That will cause problems to your body, and there's no way to fix that currently.
       
        Fuck you and your colonist ideals. Early pioneers took great risks but they weren't idiotic. To assume that they would willfully head off to settle a land that is impossible to live in just states your ignorance. If you still can't get your head around it, then explain to me why no one's built a house on top of Mount Everest. It'd have quite the nice view.

    15. Re:Why return mission? by AliasMarlowe · · Score: 2, Funny

      They're colonists.
      They can send someone with balls:

      In that case, they better send some with pussies, too. Otherwise the colony won't last long.

      --
      Those who can make you believe absurdities can make you commit atrocities. - Voltaire
    16. Re:Why return mission? by Penguinisto · · Score: 1

      ...so let's get those expeditions going already.

      Sitting around and saying 'oh it's too hard, better send up some eventual missions first' isn't going to get the job done.

      --
      Quo usque tandem abutere, Nimbus, patientia nostra?
    17. Re:Why return mission? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I'm no less close minded than you. Your plan would kill people and create a monetary sink hole that would destroy any future space program. It's a never ending system that either ends with the most costly care packages ever created, a failed mission that requires the colonists to come home, or the death of the colonists. I believe in a future in space and I wish to god it would hurry up, but space is not that easy, and if you thought about it for a minute, you might see that sending people on a one way trip would do more harm than good. Small steps aren't bad, especially when a failed mission could mean an even bigger step back.

    18. Re:Why return mission? by LandDolphin · · Score: 2

      Seems NASA should work out a colony on the moon where return/rescue would be more plausible. Then extent to other planets.

      --
      Spelling and Grammar errors have been added to this post for your enjoyment
    19. Re:Why return mission? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Just send a couple of guys there and make it a one way mission. They can start colonising immediately and start building stuff.

      Hey! Why didn't they think of that, gosh darn it??? And hey, why not just terraform the planet while they're there. And by golly, why spend all that time in space? Why not just create a wormhole between Earth and Mars and bus over everything we need?!?!?

    20. Re:Why return mission? by bertok · · Score: 4, Insightful

      The Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station in Antarctica is actually a great example, thanks for bringing it up. It's entirely dependent on the outside world for supplies except for air and water. Everything, and I mean everything is shipped in. There's no self-sufficiency to speak of.

      We think of Antarctica as an inhospitable place, but it's a tropical paradise compared to anywhere we can land people in space. It has unlimited oxygen and and water, no dangerous radiation, earth normal gravity, unlimited water, vast mineral deposits, and temperatures that can be survived with nothing more than some warm clothing.

      Nonetheless, if external support was cut off from the south pole station, then despite having all the existing buildings, infrastructure, machinery, and a staff of hundreds of brilliant scientists and researchers, everyone there would die.

      Let me reiterate this: your examples of 'colonies' are all places where the people there are supported by enormous external supply chains, and would die if those supplies are cut off. On Earth, we can keep the supplies going because we can afford to, and because it's worth it -- the relatively low overhead of air freighting in everything is small compared to the valuable science that can be performed in Antarctica, or the money people are willing to spend to climb Everest.

      All of these are expeditions, not colonies. They're not self sufficient, and it wouldn't be cost effective to make them self sufficient.

      Shipping stuff on Earth is cheap. Air freight to a frozen desert in the middle of nowhere is a negligible overhead when compared to sending stuff to Mars. Even in the wildest, most delusional dreams of space fanatics, there is no way to do it for less than about $100 per pound.

      Look around your house -- really look -- and for everything you see, ask yourself: how many pounds is that?. Could anyone afford to live like this if it cost $100 per pound more than it would otherwise? How many pounds of water do you use? How many pounds of air? What does your house weigh?

      Try that again with the current, realistic cost of sending things to Mars of $10,000 per pound.

    21. Re:Why return mission? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Why would they be expecting rescue? Rescue from what? Theyre colonists.

      Keep your bullshit straight. What you are describing now is robot work, they are actually expendable/operate without external supplies.

    22. Re:Why return mission? by sonamchauhan · · Score: 1

      it rains, even in the middle of the ocean.

      It doesn't, in outer space

    23. Re:Why return mission? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Before they die, penguin and seal would be on the menu. Seal is a good source of oil and that could be used to run their generators or at least some furnaces for heat.

      I think if it came down to survival, those scientists would last a long time, perhaps permanently if they figured out how to use spears.

    24. Re:Why return mission? by Electricity+Likes+Me · · Score: 2

      This is over-simplifying it though, since Antarctica has a number of things which mean we haven't even really tried to colonize it.

      For one: it's close. Really close. A few hours flying from Australia or New Zealand. It is not that isolated. The marginal cost of trying to establish infrastructure, compared to just flying stuff in means a lot of things aren't worth the setup cost.

      Secondly: it's considered a nature preserve. There are treaty commitments and scientific interest in not contaminating for significantly changing it. The whole place is treated very much like a wild-life perserve.

      When the Antarctic treaty expires in the near future, then the ball will really go up for grabs since suddenly it'll be legal to declare Antarctica sovereign territory and to go after it's natural resources. It's likely then that infrastructure will go up, since suddenly we're going to want to put a whole lot more people there for a whole lot longer.

      By virtue of distance and cost, I'd say it's very likely that Mars exploration would in fact involve a significant colonization effort purely because the extreme distance and cost would mean it's a hell of a lot cheaper then shipping things in. Milder weather too.

    25. Re:Why return mission? by Electricity+Likes+Me · · Score: 1

      Also the reality is, if we put our minds to it "oxygen" is a pretty easy problem to solve. There are plenty of ways to use electrical or solar energy to make O2 from CO2 (plus the old fallback of "use actual plants").

    26. Re:Why return mission? by drooling-dog · · Score: 1

      Read about expeditions to the North and South poles. Read about guys who climb mount Everest.

      Comparing a colony on Mars to one anywhere on Earth is absurd. The cost, complexity, and technical difficulty are off by many orders of magnitude.

    27. Re:Why return mission? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      i never understood why NASA insists on making the Mars trip a return mission. Why waste 3 years there and back stuck in the middle of space doing no science?

      3 years in space is "doing science".

    28. Re:Why return mission? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Nuts, I should not have moderated here. This will be my last anonymous.
      The difference is that Mars can be made self-suffient much cheaper and easier than the south pole. WHy? ELEMENTS and reactors. What elements are available at the pole THAT WE CAN GET TO ? Just H20 and what ever else is in the atmosphere. Nothing else. Can we put a reactor there? Nope. Can we do solar? Well, yes. In the same way. Put a satellite in space and beam it down. Can they do geo-thermal? Nope.

      So, what is the difference on Mars? First off, at the equator, it is much warmer than AS is. In addition, it is possible to bury the facility in the ground and have insulation. Then you have energy. Could do solar (and probably will have some), but will likely add geo-thermal and most certainly will need a reactor. Now, the BIGGEST thing is that MARS has ELEMENTS. It is possible to mine mars. We can not do that at AS. Why Not? Treaties. No such critter on Mars. Once you have elements, you can build up numerous items. In addition, we have the ability to grow algae and even plants there. You do not have it at AS UNLESS we add a nuke. But that is disallowed.

      AS could be made much more self-suffient, using similar tech to what mars will need. Ideally, we can get some exception made for doing Mars equipment testing. That would at the same time, help the base, lower the number of trips going into AS, and esp. lower the risks and costs.

      Windbourne, moderating.

    29. Re:Why return mission? by drooling-dog · · Score: 2

      i never understood why NASA insists on making the Mars trip a return mission.

      Because the public (who would be asked to pay for it) would never support it otherwise.

      They can start colonising immediately and start building stuff.

      With what, and out of what? How much stuff do you think we'd be able to send there with them, on top of the necessary oxygen, water, food, and fuel?

    30. Re:Why return mission? by tverbeek · · Score: 1

      You left out one other key point about Amundsen-Scott: no one goes there as a one-way trip (at least not on purpose). Every single person there right now remains a citizen of Somewhere Else, and intends to return there. Most of them will return (at least temporarily) in just a few months. The supply chain that stocks the South Pole station with food and fuel also circulates people in and out.

      --
      http://alternatives.rzero.com/
    31. Re:Why return mission? by halo_2_rocks · · Score: 1

      Oxygen isn't the problem - There are 3 major things going to kill anyone going to mars: 1) Radiation. Once you leave the earth's protective magnetic field (and don't cite the moon, you are still in it when you go there), you'll die of radiation exposure from the Sun. They'll need a signficant radition shield (few meters of lead for instance) to keep them from dying and getting something that heavy up there will be expensive. 2) Gravity (or lack of it in fact). 3 years in space w/o any gravity will kill the crew. They'll need micro gravity with rotating sections. Again, very expensive to build and shield from the radiation mentioned above. 3) Micrometeorites. We have no good solution for that. We'll just have to send A LOT of crew and hope some of them survive.. If you really want to go to Mars, a certain percentage will die from these hitting the ship. Self-sealing sections will be required and a way to dispose of those that die. Throw on top of that all the food, water, fuel and everything else - it is pretty impractical to go right now, so if anyone seriously looks at what it will really cost to go. It will get cancelled as just a stupid idea.

    32. Re:Why return mission? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Try not to be so willfully retarded.

    33. Re:Why return mission? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You really don't grasp the fact that people won't live to "populate another world" if we send them to live on Mars right now, do you? I take it back: you're not being willfully retarded; you simply are retarded. You do clear the bar for "sentient", but not by much.

    34. Re:Why return mission? by tverbeek · · Score: 1

      Columbus faced risks of death due to starvation and dehydration if he didn't reach his intended destination (India) or something similar enough for survival (the Bahamas). Mars colonists would face those risks even if they did. See the difference?

      --
      http://alternatives.rzero.com/
    35. Re:Why return mission? by tverbeek · · Score: 1

      Or on Mars.

      --
      http://alternatives.rzero.com/
    36. Re:Why return mission? by drerwk · · Score: 1

      "Pioneers used to do that sort of thing all the time in the new world" " The new world (the Americas) had a lot of advantages that Mars does not:

      Breathable atmosphere Climate suitable for growing stuff Fertile soil with plants and animals already there turkeys, cranberries and mashed potato for dinner (and locals to tell the colonists how to cook them) Trees for making wooden structures out of fresh water mineral resources etc

      The Americas also had by some estimates 90 million humans living there already http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_history_of_indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas - who taught the 'pioneers' about the local flora and fauna - who bred with them and so on. The Americas had humans living here for somewhere between 10,000 and 30,000 years - probably much longer, just not in the numbers needed to leave behind obvious signs of habitation.

    37. Re:Why return mission? by yodleboy · · Score: 1

      "Comparing a colony on Mars to one anywhere on Earth is absurd"

      i don't think he was referring to COLONIES as he specifically said EXPEDITIONS. His point, I believe, was that despite the new national (corporate) pastime of avoiding anything that even smells like risk, there are still people out there willing to follow in the footsteps of the first guys to the poles or to the top of Everest, even if it costs them their lives, to be the first ones there. The ultimate first post I guess.

      On a side note, there is always this assumption that a one way trip to Mars is a single event and suicidal. One launch and done. Personally, I'd think you'd have 1 robust man-rated vehicle and several cargo type rockets ready to go before anyone left. You shoot the people there as fast as you can, and follow up with subsequent supply launches on relatively cheap vehicles that don't need the additional complexity of keeping people alive. We can shoot up multi ton satellites with some regularity. Has the country slipped so far that after blasting people to Mars, we couldn't manage to send supplies twice a year?

    38. Re:Why return mission? by khallow · · Score: 1

      Can we put this whole pioneer bullshit to rest?

      Why? What's it to you?

      Fuck you and your colonist ideals. Early pioneers took great risks but they weren't idiotic. To assume that they would willfully head off to settle a land that is impossible to live in just states your ignorance. If you still can't get your head around it, then explain to me why no one's built a house on top of Mount Everest. It'd have quite the nice view.

      I guess we'll have to figure out how to make it possible then. Good thing our entire human history is chock full of demonstrations of our ability to figure out how to do hard things that some people say are impossible.

      As to Mount Everest, I gather the land is government owned (on both sides), hence one can't build there. Further, there's little interest in living there (from both an individual and societal points of view). It's worth noting here that few mountains actually have houses on top of them.

    39. Re:Why return mission? by Tim+the+Gecko · · Score: 1

      When the Antarctic treaty expires in the near future, then the ball will really go up for grabs since suddenly it'll be legal to declare Antarctica sovereign territory and to go after it's natural resources.

      When does it expire? The Wikipedia article and the 1959 treaty make no mention of this.

    40. Re:Why return mission? by khallow · · Score: 1

      The difference is that Mars can be made self-suffient much cheaper and easier than the south pole. WHy? ELEMENTS and reactors. What elements are available at the pole THAT WE CAN GET TO ?

      Parts of Antarctica aren't covered by ice. The atmosphere is breathable. There's also large populations of animals such as seals, penguins, and fish.

    41. Re:Why return mission? by khallow · · Score: 1

      I think that's your own desire to "make your legacy as an answer to mortality" using the topic to manifest itself.

      And why isn't that in itself sufficient justification for the practice?

    42. Re:Why return mission? by causality · · Score: 1

      I think that's your own desire to "make your legacy as an answer to mortality" using the topic to manifest itself.

      And why isn't that in itself sufficient justification for the practice?

      I'm not concerned with justifications or the need to make them.

      But otherwise, to answer what I think you are asking if the need for justification let go of ... which is why I pointed that out ... I would say it's because that need/desire is manifesting by putting a spin on another subject (space travel), instead of just honestly expressing itself on its own terms (the human experience and dealing with mortality). Long before there were rockets, people wrestled with these same questions.

      Wanting to leave some kind of legacy is not really an answer to how to cope with mortality because anyone in the future who would learn of this legacy are themselves as mortal as you were. No, it is actually a way of avoiding the matter.

      --
      It is a miracle that curiosity survives formal education. - Einstein
    43. Re:Why return mission? by khallow · · Score: 1

      Wanting to leave some kind of legacy is not really an answer to how to cope with mortality because anyone in the future who would learn of this legacy are themselves as mortal as you were.

      Except that we see it is. Dealing with mortality via high power rocketry and space settlement may be suboptimal, but it's definitely a cool way to do it.

    44. Re:Why return mission? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Howdy K.

      The specific example was Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station. That is in the middle of Antarctica. And there is no ground there. There are no seals, penguins, or fish.

      And I will say that Mars is actually easier than AS. The reason is treaties. Without the ability to provide plenty of power and plenty of elements, then AS is MUCH worse then Mars. The ONLY advantage that AS has over mars is the costs of getting there. And in time, Mars will actually be cheaper and better than AS

      Windbourne - moderating.

    45. Re:Why return mission? by wdef · · Score: 1

      In short: we need better technology to travel very far at all in space. Better propulsion, better shielding, better everything. I believe it will come. So will better physics and with it we may just get the superscience our imaginations have been begging for. In the last 100 years, human science and technological growth has exploded exponentially. We cannot imagine what technology physics might give us within another 100 years let alone 500 years.

    46. Re:Why return mission? by Teancum · · Score: 1

      One other key point mostly touched upon earlier, but I think well worth mentioning again in a more specific context:

      In spite of some substantial real estate availability in the area roughly surrounding, it is illegal to the point of having the military of several nations come and pick you up if you decide to set up a commercial enterprise or for that matter do much of anything even close to Amundsen-Scott or even McMurdo. If you happen to be lucky and find a huge deposit of platinum-group metals or for that matter even a substantial petroleum reserve that is literally oozing up out of the ground and sticking to your feet, you are prohibited from even trying to exploit those resources or for that matter even trying to investigate that those reserves might even be there.

      The problem also exists in space, but the problem there is the basic lack of any ability to file a land claim on extra-terrestrial real-estate. That is an issue that eventually needs to be dealt with, and it is also something that doesn't cost billions of dollars to try and fix either. Perhaps that is why nobody really cares about even dealing with the issue.

      The political situation in Antarctica, unlike the Moon or Mars, is such that the stand-off in terms of territorial recognition of any part of Antarctica is highly unlikely, especially when it comes to private land claims.

    47. Re:Why return mission? by Electricity+Likes+Me · · Score: 1

      The moratorium on mining lasts until 2041, and the current analysis of the situation is that a lot of countries are building stations for "scientific" purposes which have been very slow in putting scientists in them - i.e. the real issue is looking ahead countries are trying to stake out territorial claims.

      Both the US and Australian governments periodically rattle the tree about an earlier end to the ban as well.

    48. Re:Why return mission? by garyebickford · · Score: 1

      I think there are many people who, given a 50/50 chance of living a year, would accept the challenge to go to Mars. It doesn't matter whether you think they are idiotic - they don't agree. In fact, I would bet that there are enough such people reading this thread to populate such a mission. And twice as many if there were a reasonable probability for follow-up missions bringing additional explorers/settlers/whatever you want to call them. And given the capability to launch the inaugural mission, it would not be that much more difficult to launch follow-up missions to provide enough supplies to last one year. And it's within the range of possibility that within that year, enough would have been learned to make a permanent, mostly-self-sustaining colony feasible. I won't argue that mars is the right place but given our present level of technical, engineering and other expertise, it is not out of the realm of possibility.

      As a reasonable thought experiment, let's hypothesize the classic Nemesis event - we discover a huge asteroid will definitely strike Earth in 30 years, or 100 years, and will wipe out almost all life for 100 years. Given such a stimulus, I think the probability of establishing one or many self-sustaining colonies off Earth would suddenly look a lot more practical. Necessity is the mother of invention - and also of initiative. Of course, one would hope that at the same time, significant efforts would also be made to figure out how to establish a survival base here on Earth as well. Competition for resources between those two would be ... interesting... But I think that other than the financial resources, there needn't be much competition between them - they are both reasonable solutions, and "Let's do both!!" (Or, rather, some folks would go for space, others would build habitats in the deep mines, perhaps underwater, etc. - and some of them might survive.)

      Now, merely change the term '30 years' to 'some unknown time in the future, possibly 30,000 to one million years', and the probability of the Nemesis event gets much closer to 1. So all we are debating is whether we are ready to begin the process. It's not whether we should, it's when. Of course, this is all "blue sky" thinking. :D

      --
      It's easier to be a result of the past, but more fun to be a cause of the future! http://www.spacefinancegroup.com/
    49. Re:Why return mission? by Electricity+Likes+Me · · Score: 1

      1) Radiation. Once you leave the earth's protective magnetic field (and don't cite the moon, you are still in it when you go there), you'll die of radiation exposure from the Sun. They'll need a signficant radition shield (few meters of lead for instance) to keep them from dying and getting something that heavy up there will be expensive.

      This is an overstated problem when it comes to space travel.

      The Sun, and space, does not contain an abundance of highly penetrating radiation like gamma rays. If it did, then life on Earth would be just as irradiated as anything in space, since the atmosphere has a very limited screening effect. In addition, the Earth's magnetic field, would have no protective effect since magnetism doesn't deflect EM radiation.

      Solar radiation is mostly particulate radiation. It is composed of helium nuclei, protons and electrons. All of these types of radiation are much much easier to screen against because they are massive. A few layers of gold foil will block almost all of it.

      2) Gravity (or lack of it in fact). 3 years in space w/o any gravity will kill the crew. They'll need micro gravity with rotating sections. Again, very expensive to build

      Without doing the research, we really don't know that. It's worth noting you don't really need sections - you can just put the whole ship into a spin (after all it had to be survive being on Earth to be built) - for most of the trip. We're also not really talking about a 3 year journey - it's a 3 year mission, but we've had plenty of experience with people being in microgravity for long stays above Earth.

      3) Micrometeorites. We have no good solution for that. We'll just have to send A LOT of crew and hope some of them survive.. If you really want to go to Mars, a certain percentage will die from these hitting the ship. Self-sealing sections will be required and a way to dispose of those that die.

      Again, how many micrometeorites do you think are in space? To the best of my knowledge we've never lost a probe going to Mars from micrometeorite strike. If space were filled with micrometeorites at lethal speeds, then so would Earth orbit - so would the space between the Earth and the Moon - we're giant gravity wells, everything would presumably be heading here.

    50. Re:Why return mission? by garyebickford · · Score: 1

      While I agree with your overall point - space is not easy, baby steps, etc. - the question of whether we are ready to prepare for a permanent off-Earth colonization process is one that is best answered by letting those who are most interested work to prepare a justifiable 'business plan' with a reasonable chance of success, and provide government where appropriate. (The support of Ferdinand and Isabella for Columbus' first expedition made Spain for a time the wealthiest nation on Earth. Of course it also disrupted the European financial system...)

      Note that essentially all of the early European explorers were essentially entrepreneurial individuals and entities - early VC companies that used a mix of private and public funds to finance the construction of ships and equipment to allow them to take the trips across the ocean to the "Indies", to Africa, to the Indian Ocean, etc. It wasn't until the overall lay of the land was somewhat known, and the availability of financially interesting resources was established, that the governments took anything more than passing interest - and then the military and naval expeditions started, as the various nations worked to stake out their claims.

      So, let Elon Musk, Robert Bigelow, and the many others, work to put together a reasonable case for their coming expeditions, and provide government financing when it seems likely to provide an economic and political return. As I alluded above, given an opportunity for a dozen people to move to Mars, with a 50/50 chance of living 1 year and 0 possibility of return, there are at least 1000s of people who would volunteer for each of the 12 slots - even if part of the deal was mandatory sterilization to prevent dead babies. Think of it - the chance to be the first, or the only, Terrans to land and live on Mars. Heck, I might even take that deal. An entire planet is a hell of a monument to the first ones there.

      --
      It's easier to be a result of the past, but more fun to be a cause of the future! http://www.spacefinancegroup.com/
    51. Re:Why return mission? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Wow. Well, first of all we don't need humans there to "learn stuff". Humans just compound the logistics problems by about 100x. We've already evolved past that and you didn't notice. Second, why are we so excited about dropping ourselves into new gravity wells? If we're going to tackle the largest engineering project ever undertaken by mankind, let's build a nuclear pulse propulsion spaceship - containing true self-sustaining capabilities including materials collection, refining, manufacturing, farming, etc. - and simply orbit it or park it at a Lagrangian point. It's much easier to resupply if necessary, and we're not doing any more work than we'd have to do in order to successfully colonize Mars. We have to get full-scale production capacity there eventually, and primarily by transport rather than bootstrapping. Everything about this project would be easier than a Mars colony, and yet it would be more useful and generally applicable.

    52. Re:Why return mission? by halo_2_rocks · · Score: 1

      1) Radiation. What we are mainly concerned with is a solar flare. A space craft going to Mars will be unable to outrun that and a little gold foil IS NOT going to protect the crew from that. A few meters of lead will. 2) Gravity. It is highly doubtful that the human body can tolerate the lack of gravity for the year and a half to get there, then be able to adjust to Mars gravity, then tolerate the return trip for the year and half it will take to get back and survive returning to earth. 3) Micrometeriorites. Actually, probes get hit by quite a few once they leave the earth's gravity. Most are designed with redundant systems for such an eventuality. The earth acts like a vacuum pulling in a large number of them so they aren't a large risk near earth (even as far as the moon). However, we do know of micrometeorites hitting a space craft and the results were nearly catastrophic. Apollo 13 was most likely struck. We are talking about a considerable amount of time travelling to and from mars. The likelihood of being struck many times would be significant. In addition, while robot craft can sustain such impacts without failure of the whole craft, the human body is not likely to surive if struck and we are talking about a vehicle with a contained atmosphere too that will have to sealed after strikes and more potentially critical strikes in vital systems is highly likely which might cripple or destroy the craft.

    53. Re:Why return mission? by AmiMoJo · · Score: 1

      A better plan would be to send some robotic factories that can make/mine stuff like oxygen, water, food and fuel. Once they arrive and start working you know you can send people there and sustain them indefinitely. It would also be really helpful to have a relatively cheap way of sending supplies from earth after them too, because you can't get everything you need out there.

      I think that is an achievable goal, especially since it removes one of the biggest dangers: getting stranded. Rocket engine's reliability decreases with age, which is one reason why Apollo only spent a few days on the moon at a time. They were looking at staying for longer but not being able to re-start the engine to get back to the command module was a major concern.

      --
      const int one = 65536; (Silvermoon, Texture.cs)
      SJW, n: "Someone I don't like, and by the way I'm a fuckwit" - AC
    54. Re:Why return mission? by AmiMoJo · · Score: 1

      explain to me why no one's built a house on top of Mount Everest

      Astronomical cost (pun intended) and lack of any financial benefit. Going to Mars would provide a huge stimulus to the economy, and the cost could be shared by other space agencies who would like to go too.

      --
      const int one = 65536; (Silvermoon, Texture.cs)
      SJW, n: "Someone I don't like, and by the way I'm a fuckwit" - AC
    55. Re:Why return mission? by Electricity+Likes+Me · · Score: 1

      1) Radiation. What we are mainly concerned with is a solar flare. A space craft going to Mars will be unable to outrun that and a little gold foil IS NOT going to protect the crew from that. A few meters of lead will.

      Again, how big do you think a solar flare is, and what it is composed of?

      Solar flares happen all the time. Most we don't worry about. Some - those aimed at Earth, we worry about largely because the particle radiation can damage external antennas and electronics of satellites. But these events grow less intense with distance, and more importantly, are only a problem due to the power surges they can cause on external components. The vast majority of the time, satellites survive just fine - there have been very few outages due to solar flares, and they're most problematic because getting in and fixing them is hard (but not hard if people are onboard and can just swap in the backup unit).

      In any case, you don't need "a few meters of lead" to beat a solar flare. We've sent space probes directly at the sun to sample solar particles - carbon-carbon is used as a shield material and that's mostly to block the super-intense solar radiation. A much more distance craft could easily protect itself with a much smaller shield.

      3) Micrometeriorites. Actually, probes get hit by quite a few once they leave the earth's gravity. Most are designed with redundant systems for such an eventuality. The earth acts like a vacuum pulling in a large number of them so they aren't a large risk near earth (even as far as the moon). However, we do know of micrometeorites hitting a space craft and the results were nearly catastrophic. Apollo 13 was most likely struck. We are talking about a considerable amount of time travelling to and from mars. The likelihood of being struck many times would be significant. In addition, while robot craft can sustain such impacts without failure of the whole craft, the human body is not likely to surive if struck and we are talking about a vehicle with a contained atmosphere too that will have to sealed after strikes and more potentially critical strikes in vital systems is highly likely which might cripple or destroy the craft.

      Apollo 13 was not damaged by micrometeorites. NASA conducted a rather extensive review of the incident.

      The rest of what you write is baseless. Explosive decompression doesn't happen from micrometeorite strikes. Punctures could be repaired with epoxy. The chances of a micrometeorite ALSO hitting a person are even lower. And again, you haven't actually cited any incidents where we've lost Mars probes due to micrometeorite strikes. Apollo 13 didn't happen because of micrometeorites, so what did?

      The reality is, there simply aren't that many micrometeorites in the inner solar system. Too many large gravitational bodies pulling them in, and their density *has* to be low anyway - were they common, gravity would collapse them into being an asteroid.

    56. Re:Why return mission? by halo_2_rocks · · Score: 1

      > Again, how big do you think a solar flare is, and what it is composed of?

      That depends on the flare and the intensity of the event. Everything you cite after that has to do with satelites orbiting the earth protected by the earth's magnetic field and is not relevant to the discussion. We are talking about a solar flare directly impacting a space craft with human beings aboard w/o any protection from the earth's magnetic field. You stated that a thin foil of gold would be sufficient. That is laughable given the types of high energy particles involved and high level of saturation by these particles related to an event like this. We aren't talking about simple alpha particles that can be stopped with a thin pice of gold foil or even a piece of paper. You also state that the distance from the sun will greatly diminish this event. That is also completely untrue given how powerful the effects of significant flare can be upon the earth (which is roughly at the same distance any space craft going to mars would be at and is protected by a powerful magnetic field).

      > Apollo 13 was not damaged by micrometeorites.

      You don't know that and neither do I. It is quite possible that might have been what occurred. No one really knows. The actual craft and parts that were damaged were unrecoverable so anything you cite is simply conjecture. Also, a number of probes have been lost due to unknown circumstances (which could be related to collisions with micrometeriorites). For example, on March 28, 1989 Phobos 2 launched by the Russians (going to Mars) was lost and that is just one probe. There are number of other probes (another would be on August 21, 1994 we lost the Mars Observer) that have had similiar malfunctions and been lost so pretending like they don't exist is ridiculous and undermines your position completely.

      Your statement that explosive decompression doesn't happen is inaccurate. It would depend on the size and type of impact. We have witnessed explosive decompressions on airplanes, so if you punch a big enough of a whole in a space ship, you can expect exactly the same effect since the pressure differential is even greater between a pressurized capsule and the vacuum of space.

      As far as your statement about rarity of micrometeorites, it has been estimated that around 10,000 to 20,000 tons per year of these particles enter the earth's atmosphere each year. While it may be true we don't know what the true density of these particles are outside of earth's gravity field (as I said, the earth acts like a large vacuum for these particles), I do not believe you are correct that it is inconsequential just given the mass of material that we have observed entering the earth's atmosphere each year. It certainly isn't true that the solar system is pristine of debris since we have observed thousands of asteroids on earth crossing orbits and still don't have a good grasp on observable asteroids. So it is likely the solar system is littered with fields of these smaller particles with varying densities depending on a number of factors. This represents a very real danger to any spaceship traveling through the solar system and disregarding this risk would be foolhardy in the extreme since a craft passing through such a field would be lethal to the inhabitants.

    57. Re:Why return mission? by Narnie · · Score: 1

      Let's also point out that before the colonist, there were expeditions that came to the Americas and returned to Europe with their evidence that it could support a colony. So... perhaps there should be a round-trip mission to Mars to survey how fucking hard it would be to live on that rock.

      I don't know what's taught in US schools these days, but it was clear during my education that Christopher Columbus did not sail on the Mayflower and give grace during the first Thanksgiving.

      --
      greed@All_Evils:~#
    58. Re:Why return mission? by Electricity+Likes+Me · · Score: 1

      Apollo 13 was not damaged by micrometeorites.

      You don't know that and neither do I. It is quite possible that might have been what occurred. No one really knows. The actual craft and parts that were damaged were unrecoverable so anything you cite is simply conjecture. Also, a number of probes have been lost due to unknown circumstances (which could be related to collisions with micrometeriorites). For example, on March 28, 1989 Phobos 2 launched by the Russians (going to Mars) was lost and that is just one probe. There are number of other probes (another would be on August 21, 1994 we lost the Mars Observer) that have had similiar malfunctions and been lost so pretending like they don't exist is ridiculous and undermines your position completely.

      It's possible in the same fashion that it's possible gravity is actually a result of tiny fairies trying to move everything closer to the center of the Earth. NASA studied Apollo 13 extensively, but I guess you didn't click the link. The rest of your point is meaningless - you're simply pointing to spacecraft losses and yelling "micrometeorites".

      You talk about the Mars Observer: the independent review panel concluded the most probable cause was rupture in the fuel pressurization tank of the spacecraft.

      No one who actually works in the field of space travel is that concerned about micrometeorites. No one who reviews the spacecraft losses has concluded we've lost them to micrometeorites. And as far as I can tell, you don't even do basic research to check whether micrometeorites are an issue before talking about them.

      Your statement that explosive decompression doesn't happen is inaccurate. It would depend on the size and type of impact. We have witnessed explosive decompressions on airplanes, so if you punch a big enough of a whole in a space ship, you can expect exactly the same effect since the pressure differential is even greater between a pressurized capsule and the vacuum of space.

      Well a very large hole would take a larger meteorite wouldn't it? And a larger meteorite we'd be able to track and see coming. The point of micrometeorites is that they're tiny and untrackable.

      A spacecraft is pressurized, but it's not structurally loaded. It does not have to support it's own mass. Alleged "explosive" decompressions on aircraft are anything but: the cabin decompresses, but the failure is the fact that the entire mass of the aircraft has to be structurally supported by the airplane, and any drag is subject to wind-shear of hundreds of miles per hour from the motion of the aircraft. None of these properties occur in space.

      As far as your statement about rarity of micrometeorites, it has been estimated that around 10,000 to 20,000 tons per year of these particles enter the earth's atmosphere each year. While it may be true we don't know what the true density of these particles are outside of earth's gravity field (as I said, the earth acts like a large vacuum for these particles), I do not believe you are correct that it is inconsequential just given the mass of material that we have observed entering the earth's atmosphere each year. It certainly isn't true that the solar system is pristine of debris since we have observed thousands of asteroids on earth crossing orbits and still don't have a good grasp on observable asteroids. So it is likely the solar system is littered with fields of these smaller particles with varying densities depending on a number of factors. This represents a very real danger to any spaceship traveling through the solar system and disregarding this risk would be foolhardy in the extreme since a craft passing through such a field would be lethal to the inhabitants.

      20,000 tons per year. So, 20,000 tons, over 365 days, over a (land) surface area of 510,072,000 km squared. So 54 tons per day. 107 milli

    59. Re:Why return mission? by halo_2_rocks · · Score: 1

      First, your points are pure conjecture. There is no information to point to for your analysis other than mere speculation based on scant information. The crafts were lost and there was no way to know for certain what the cause was. Stating as fact something that is pure conjecture is the height of ignorance and stupidity. You next statement made me laugh, "No one who actually works in the field of space travel is that concerned about micrometeorites. No one who reviews the spacecraft losses has concluded we've lost them to micrometeorites. And as far as I can tell, you don't even do basic research to check whether micrometeorites are an issue before talking about them." Actually, nothing could be further form the truth and is a very serious concern in point of fact. Tega Jessa just published an article on this very matter and http://www.universetoday.com/89804/micrometeorites/ just a few months ago. If you had taken more than a second to actually read up on this subject, you would realize it is a very serious concern.

      > Well a very large hole would take a larger meteorite wouldn't it? And a larger meteorite we'd be able to track and see coming. The point of micrometeorites is that they're tiny and untrackable.

      And your point is what? Maybe they could detect it coming, the likelihood they could avoid something moving that fast (even if it it is the size of a fist) is unlikely. Again, you dismiss something deadly as a non-threat because of your ignorance about the matter only. Being able to see something coming at you and being able to avoid it are two different things. Something large enough to cause a space craft to decompress is not that significant and detecting it in time to avoid it would be highly unlikely.

      Also, thank you for the math lesson. However, it is just a simple a display of ignorance by employing averages. If you had any understanding of this field, you'd realize a few things: 1) the amount of material is NOT insignifcant (even though you try to pretend otherwise by employing averages which is silly because of point 2) fields of meteors (and micrometeorites) interact with the earth at varying densities. There are periods of time in which the earth has little meteor activity and periods of time in which the earth interact with dense fields of meteors. We call these meteor showers.

      We simply do not know the density of the fields between Earth and Mars. Given the distance the craft has to travel and amount of time (over unknown space), it is highly likely the spacecraft will encounter fields of these particles of varying sizes. Given the speeds involved, the fact is that any craft going to Mars is highly likely to collide with micrometeorites.

    60. Re:Why return mission? by Electricity+Likes+Me · · Score: 1

      First, your points are pure conjecture. There is no information to point to for your analysis other than mere speculation based on scant information. The crafts were lost and there was no way to know for certain what the cause was.

      I stopped reading here. I'm sorry but if you're going to ignore the details on Apollo 13 or the Mars Observer, repeatedly, after I've linked you to them, repeatedly, then there's really no more point to this.

    61. Re:Why return mission? by halo_2_rocks · · Score: 1

      Agreed. You base all your information off mere speculation and conjecture and is shallow on any facts when cited to you. You can't discuss things with someone like you because reason, real known "facts" (not mere conjecture based on nothing) and the actual science are meaningless to you.

  6. Science Lab *and* Curiosity rover? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Geez, imagine if they rolled both of them into one and the same step! Way to stay on top of it poster and the editors!

  7. Not gunna happen this way by Goonie · · Score: 4, Insightful

    SLS exists by Congressional mandate, to send cash to ATK and the other Shuttle contractors. It'll probably never fly.

    --

    Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from a rigged demo
    --Andy Finkel (J. Klass?)
  8. SLS? No thanks... by Thinine · · Score: 2, Interesting

    SLS is a steaming pile of shit shoveled onto NASA by Congress. I hope it never flies. Frankly, the Ares V launcher was a pretty good idea, but was bogged down by having to involve all of the old shuttle contractors.

    1. Re:SLS? No thanks... by Lawrence_Bird · · Score: 3, Interesting

      how about no thanks to anymore manned missions sponsored by NASA? WTF is being accomplished by the tens of billions they plan to spend? Jack. If there is something for "man" to do in space then the private sector will figure it out faster and cheaper. If NASA must exist, keep it to unmanned science missions, something they have at least shown some degree of competency with a relatively low budget.

  9. Spacecrafts??? by fnj · · Score: 4, Informative

    The plural of spacecraft is spacecraft.

    1. Re:Spacecrafts??? by skine · · Score: 2

      While "spacecraft" is the standard pluralization, "spacecrafts" is also an accepted spelling.

      On a somewhat related note, octopi, octopuses and octopodes are all accepted variants.

    2. Re:Spacecrafts??? by dbIII · · Score: 1

      Don't worry, people think they are reading this on the internets.

    3. Re:Spacecrafts??? by youn · · Score: 1

      octo* accepted variants for what, spacecraft? Awesome!!! :p I knew of space pods, but octopods that's new... Now I am not saying it's wrong but octopi sound like awesome spacecraft. I want one!!! heck I want one space faring object, no matter how you call it :)

      what do you mean you did not mean it that way? :p

      --
      Never antropomorphize computers, they do not like that :p
  10. I think it's a bad investment. by Dr.+Spork · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Let's think about all that we have learned from our manned space program in the last 30 years. And now let compare that to everything we've learned through our unmanned space program. What amazed us more, pictures from Hubble, or pictures from the ISS? Or was it shockingly detailed infrared pictures of the universe's first light? Or was it the ISS? Was it the amazing Mars landers? Was it the fact that a human-made probe made a soft landing on freaking TITAN??? Well it turns out that the ISS was more expensive that all those missions put together. That's largely because human exploration is just expensive and it's getting more expensive all the time. Alongside, robots are quickly closing the capability gap on us, and in 20 years I'm confident that they can do more on Mars than humans could.

    In the 60's our robots sucked, lives were cheap, the Soviets were scary, the economy was pumping, the politicians were united behind NASA, and the Moon was close. Yes, that was the single coolest and most amazing thing that any space program has ever done. But we're fooling ourselves absurdly if we think that in the present day we can get our glory back by doing Mars. The conditions are different in every way.

    And I think it would be terrible for the space program as well. Just like the ISS ate up an ungodly chunk of each year's Space budget (for what?) as serious and far cheaper science experiments got vetoed, a Mars mission would just *be* the NASA budget for three decades. It can't be denied that it would primarily be a prestige mission. There are much better ways to learn each and every one of the things we would learn on such a mission. But I think Americans want to do it because we feel like we're on the decline, and like all aging men, we want to get back on that horse and show that we've still got it. It's like the old dude who reminisces about that time he was 24 and hooked up with a model, and ends up buying a Porsche and a mountain of Cialis because he thinks he can relive those glory years. Yes, we're looking for an excuse to whip out our cocks again and scream madly about how we can piss all the way to Mars. But it's more than a little pathetic, not least because there is no political way that our political system could produce the huge volume of steady funding that such a project would require. If we try it, it will be mentioned in every two minute version of the history of the American empire, right at the end.

    1. Re:I think it's a bad investment. by kermidge · · Score: 4, Insightful

      re: ISS.... for what?

      Proof of concept. Practical engineering: making things work when they don't. Up until Vostok, a manned _anything_ in space was only a concept. All the manned efforts through to ISS have been a stepwise move to develop the kinds of knowledge and know-how needed to go further. Robots are pretty neat and do some good work; they'll definitely improve. But history shows that where explorers go, some will eventually want to follow - whether for adventure, profit, or to live.

      I suggest thinking multi-facet, long-term, various kinds of return, for fun and profit. I don't care much for the "either-or" kind of thinking that crops up often in discussions of 'most anything - I think it tends to limit perception and possibilities.

      I also have a long-standing bias that the long-term survival and flourishing of humanity requires being on more than one planet, in one solar system. Whether that survival is possible or desirable is for each to decide. Short-term, I'm thinking mostly science, and resources - helium-3, the vast treasures of the asteroids in all kinds minerals, and continuing to develop the engineering and other know-how needed to keep on truckin' - whatever the blend of man and machine that gets it done.

      And, yeah, I've been reading and thinking on this since the Fifties. I admit to being heavily influenced by Heinlein, von Braun, Ley, O'Neill, and others. Maybe I'm impatient. Maybe I'm selfish. But I'd like to see some more progress while I'm still here.

    2. Re:I think it's a bad investment. by melted · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Think about it this way: it's a heck of a lot cheaper than wars (by an order of magnitude), while still giving politicians and nations an opportunity to compare who's dick is longer. That's what it's all about. Paraphrasing Kennedy: "We don't do it because it's easy, we do it because we have to show our dick is much longer than anyone else's". I mean, Russia is recovering little by little, to such an extent that they're the only country in the world which can still reliably put shit into orbit, and they intend to land on Venus again in 2016, and this time spend a month on the surface, not a couple of hours like their previous missions. In the meanwhile the US is circling down the crapper. Sure, it'll take a long time for us to sink low enough to match Russia's current level, but unless we do something about it, we'll get there eventually. I mean, compare the Pentagon budget to NASA's. If we swapped them, in 10 years we'd get manned interstellar travel at the speed of light. :-)

    3. Re:I think it's a bad investment. by arose · · Score: 2

      Robots are pretty neat and do some good work; they'll definitely improve. But history shows that where explorers go, some will eventually want to follow - whether for adventure, profit, or to live.

      Robots are the explorers, we are wimps in space, they are built for it. The only way any of us are ever following them to live is either as robots (or GEd roachmen) or after they have built enough infrastructure to actually let us survive. Humans suck at space exploration, that is not something you can will away.

      --
      Analogies don't equal equalities, they are merely somewhat analogous.
    4. Re:I think it's a bad investment. by Bomazi · · Score: 2

      In practice, it is either or. The manned program is one big chunk (ISS/shuttle), the unmanned program is made of many (comparatively) small missions. So to avoid canceling the manned program, they cancel or postpone unmanned mission to pay for it. It would be nice if there was a strict wall that prevented that, but there isn't.

      As for the ISS, it was sold as a science platform, not as an exercise in living / building stuff in space. Yet, the science results are not there. What little science they do is in fact automated, and doesn't need to be hosted on a manned station. What we could do is build an unmanned station to provide orbit maintenance, communication and power, and then use automated vehicles to shuffle experiments back and forth between the ground and the station.

      If you have a quasi-religious belief in the need for spreading to other planets, and a romanticized view of historical colonists, that is your problem, but you cannot sell this in the name of science and pay for it with science budgets. Heck, this shouldn't even be taxpayer funded.

      And please stop with the helium-3 bullshit. (See this for instance). It is just a desperate attempt to justify a manned moon mission.

      If we were interested in science in the short term, we would halt the manned program and pay for all the exciting stuff we could do within a decade or do but aren't: sailing the seas of Titan, flying through volcanic plumes at Io, deploying a meteorological network on Mars, orbiting Neptune, drilling through the ice of Europa, and much more...

      Sorry for the rant.

    5. Re:I think it's a bad investment. by arose · · Score: 1

      I mean, Russia is recovering little by little, to such an extent that they're the only country in the world which can still reliably put shit into orbit, and they intend to land on Venus again in 2016, and this time spend a month on the surface, not a couple of hours like their previous missions.

      You shouldn't point at Russia unless you are willing to follow their example. Shuttles were sexy, but expensive; they can put shit into orbit reliably because they are using dirt simple tech to do it (i.e. they couldn't afford the Buran). How will they go to Venus? Same way they almost beat the US to the moon, with robots. If the private industry wants to invent the space pen equivalent of fancy reusable manned launchers, you buy it after they do the R&D. But put your money into the simplest thing that will work.

      --
      Analogies don't equal equalities, they are merely somewhat analogous.
    6. Re:I think it's a bad investment. by ArmchairGeneral · · Score: 1

      I've often wondered about setting up a Mars/Moon(Base) with pre-made modules and robotic workers to get it ready for human habitation. This way all of the preliminary and dangerous work can be done before the occupants arrive, obviously not totally risk-free, but I think it would be our best bet at a good price.

      Not to say that's likely to happen anytime soon, as the US blunders it's way through fiscal irresponsibility. Billions wasted each year on trivial matters and govt departments that do nothing useful. NASA is doing poorly in the space race, and to say the replacement for the Shuttle is still several years away with nothing in between is really disappointing to say the least..

    7. Re:I think it's a bad investment. by Bomazi · · Score: 2

      Actually, robotic exploration is human exploration. Robots don't have a will of their own. Humans are merely using robots as an extension of their senses and limbs, but are the ones in control, interpreting data, deciding what to explore next.

      It is unfortunate that manned mission advocate don't understand that what makes us human are our thoughts and desires, not our bodies. Insisting on hauling them in space is missing the point and a distraction from actual exploration.

    8. Re:I think it's a bad investment. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      I was going to mod you down, but I think that it is far more important to refute your stuff instead. You mention the science at the ISS. Well, you are somewhat right. It is not what we wanted. In particular, we were supposed to install CAM which the neo-cons killed (oddly, they have killed numerous useful items over and over and over). Centrifuge Accommodation module would have allowed us to study biology at various G's. In particular, it would have allowed us to understand cell sheeting, major facets of embryology, and simply find out if we CAN survive on the moon or mars. However, that does not mean that we have lost out. We have done large amounts of science and engineering from our manned space program that is translated into normal every usage. For example, the whole start on cordless tools comes from NASA. They pushed that in Apollo, but esp. pushed for the ISS. They were expensive back then. Real expensive. But due to engineering this for NASA, it was finally made to work and brought down in size. It was the push for ISS that made these truly workable. Now, we have surgical robotic arms. Who pushed this originally? NASA. These days, DARPA and other groups push this, but it was NASA that really started that. For what? ISS. Did you like the recent listeria outbreak? Well, normally, a much bigger one is salmonella. Thankfully, that is about to come to an end. A pretty wicked bug was developed at ISS to which a vaccine is forthcoming. Another is the recent Robonaut 2. It enjoys a much greater dexterity than other robots except perhaps ASIMO. And all of this is part of what goes on there. There are other things happening up there.

      ISS's greatest use is what is in danger right now. That is, it creates a whole new PRIVATE industry. By having the ISS up there, and NASA helping get our private launch systems off the ground, they create a new industry. What is missing is that to pull off 2 or more human rated launch systems, we NEED a higher launch rate. To get that, we need multiple destinations. What NASA WAS trying to do, was help move Bigelow along in putting up their private space station. You know, that inflatable space station (transhab) that was designed mostly by NASA and then killed by the neo-cons. Bigelow bought it and is working to put it up, but he needs multiple cheap human launchers, ASAP. And SLS is absolutely not it. However, the house of reps, controlled by republicans (nee more neo-cons) are hard at work to destroy private space and push SLS. They have tried to shoot down private space money from 850 million to 350 million. The senate was able to restore it back to 500 million.

      Now, as to He3, that is not going to do it. To go there to mine it alone is total BS. HOWEVER, multiple companies want to go to the moon WITH HUMANS TO MINE. Basically, once a small set-up is done, it is much cheaper to mine water from the moon and send it to LEO, then it is send water, H2, LOX to LEO from earth. So, anything else that we mine from there, is PURE GRAVY. And yes,at that time, it includes He3. It also includes a number of elements that would be useful for other items. Now, what will happen when we develop this mining capability? Do you really think that it will be developed for a man to use a pick axe in? Nope. We will no doubt develop new robotics to handle this. At first, it will be scraping the surface, But we will move to digging. And where will that tech go? Into use here. One that I can see is development of mining for the oceans. Both deep ocean mining and the space work will be similar.

      To claim that space must be either manned or robotics is stupid and foolish. What is even worse, is the idea that we are close to being able to survive off here. Hawkins and other are correct in saying that we NEED to diversify and spread our in the solar system. Otherwise, we will end up like the dinosaurs. That is why we need to send ppl on a one-way mission to mars. The best way, to accomplish this is to lower t

    9. Re:I think it's a bad investment. by Electricity+Likes+Me · · Score: 1

      Not even human habitation - think of the opportunity with sample return missions for example. Figuring out if we could deploy automated rocket factory's on the moon or Mars for example would be a massive step forward in exploration, and require some considerable innovation in various manufacturing techniques. And, it would both open the door for manned exploration, and let us much more easily do sample return.

    10. Re:I think it's a bad investment. by melted · · Score: 1

      It doesn't matter. Their shuttle was groundbreaking for its time (fully automatic flight and landing of a heavy, multiple-use spacecraft — no one, including the US, could replicate this until late 00s), but they were in the same situation as the US today — they simply couldn't afford it. They can afford to reliably sling a load to ISS every few months, manned or not. In retrospect, their decision to abandon the Buran was the right one, since you can launch thirty people and tons of cargo into orbit for the price of a single shuttle launch.

      Another thing to consider is this: it takes mere years of inaction to lose any kind of advanced capability and decades of hard work to get it back. And this particular capability is not something we want to lose.

    11. Re:I think it's a bad investment. by kermidge · · Score: 1

      Guys, we've got some good discussion going. I don't think we're so far separated in viewpoint that there can't be a useful merging of efforts. Thanks for the links, btw; I follow and read and try to learn.

      @arose, Bomozai - yup, agreed, robots are our surrogates, if you will. That said, we've enough examples, given current and near-term forecasted tech, of how useful it can be to have a human on the scene. Whether, over time, that favors meatspace, teleoperators, humans' consciousness in the machinery, The Singularity, whatever, let's be about it, in whatever blend works copacetically for the job at hand.

      I don't think that thinking humans in just the one place might be limiting, fatalistic, narrow-minded, bored, decadent, un-imaginative, and perhaps a tad foolish requires any religion, quasi- or otherwise.

      I carefully read John Michael Greer's essay, and more on his site. I'm impressed with his sincerity and general clarity of thought. He's the only one I've read from the various links given, and others I followed, that didn't seem to smirk, but had the honesty to be sad. However, I do not, upon reflection thus far, agree with his, or the others', analyses. I suspect the accounting has not been fully done. I'm trying not to let my own wont/bias rule me, as well. Maybe they're right. Maybe, dealing with what's on the burner, working on satori, doing some shrooms, grooving on what is, and giving up worthless dreams is the right thing to do. But if we don't try, we'll never know the difference. If we don't go look, we won't know what we might find - out there, and about ourselves.

      The whole "we're here, we're not going anywhere, we _can't_ go anywhere, get over it" doesn't just stick in my craw, I don't think it computes. I'd be more concerned about the heating effects of continued growth in energy use here.

      There's more, but this is already long and my fingers hurt. Look, I'm not very bright, and there's a lot I don't know, but I have had the freedom to read, and to stand apart a bit and perhaps have another, more... distant perspective on things.

      @Windbourne - nice. Whether Universe regards us as an infection, if we do go a-roving, is for us to find out. [grin]

    12. Re:I think it's a bad investment. by garyebickford · · Score: 1

      Me too. :)

      --
      It's easier to be a result of the past, but more fun to be a cause of the future! http://www.spacefinancegroup.com/
    13. Re:I think it's a bad investment. by garyebickford · · Score: 1

      Through Columbus (an entrepreneur funded by a government), we learned about new places. But through exploration and exploitation of those places, we revolutionized every aspect of human life, with effects (good and bad) still echoing through society. China could have done that, but after Zheng He's dramatic expeditions, evidently the Chinese decided they had learned enough, and withdrew from the exploration and exploitation phase - and thereby lost the position of most powerful and influential economic and political power in the world. Had they done what the Europeans did, the peoples of Asia, Africa, the Americas, even possibly the peoples of Europe, might be speaking Mandarin today.

      It's all very well and good to send out sensors to learn things - but the fundamental driving force of all life is to expand, explore, adapt, populate and grow. The alternative is generally stagnation and eventual death. To my mind, almost the entire purpose of robotic exploration is to provide the information needed to expand the human presence into the Universe. Otherwise it comes down to the equivalent of the ancient Greeks staring at pretty pictures and arguing over whether the Earth is flat or round.

      --
      It's easier to be a result of the past, but more fun to be a cause of the future! http://www.spacefinancegroup.com/
    14. Re:I think it's a bad investment. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Let's think about all that we have learned from our manned space program in the last 30 years.

      The main thing we've learned is that Congress will cut space program funding at the drop of a hat to give money to their friends.

  11. The original Orion by flyhigher · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Whenever I hear "Orion" and "manned spaceflight", this is what first comes to mind:

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Orion_(nuclear_propulsion)

  12. Specifics on Maned Flights to Deep Space by bgoffe · · Score: 5, Interesting

    The current Scientific American has an interesting article on the path that manned exploration out of the Earth-Moon system might take. It employs aspects of the unmanned program to cut cots and to have a more flexible program. One interesting aspect is that the main spacecraft is parked in high earth orbit and human crews fly to it in a small craft. Once on the main craft, it does a swing by the Earth to get a speed boost. Its main engine is electric-power (off of solar arrays). While only part of the Scientific American article ("This Way to Mars," 12/2011 issue) is free, they do kindly provide links to its references at the bottom of the page. See http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=this-way-to-mars .

    Apparently, you need about 100 tons in low Earth orbit for such a craft. That would be two launches of SpaceX's proposed Falcon Heavy. It seems way more likely to fly than NASA's proposed Space Launch System (SLS).

    1. Re:Specifics on Maned Flights to Deep Space by DanielRavenNest · · Score: 1

      The article is good as far as it goes, but they left out one key idea: mine the asteroids. Depending which asteroid, you can get metals, carbon, water, oxygen, and just plain dirt for radiation shielding. You can bring back 20-50 times your fuel used to Earth Orbit, or wherever you put your extraction plant. The most important thing to mine for at first is oxygen to feed your electric thrusters. That makes the mining system self-sustaining in fuel, and reduces what you have to bring up from Earth dramatically for all your other missions. After that, it's a matter of how smart you are in converting asteroid materials into useful stuff.

  13. Memo to NASA by LifesABeach · · Score: 1

    Moon, Helium 3, rocket fuel.

    Go there, pick it up, use it.

    1. Re:Memo to NASA by Mindcontrolled · · Score: 4, Insightful

      1. Moon

      2. Helium 3

      3. ????

      4. Working fusion engine

      5. rocket fuel//profit.

      --
      Ubi solitudinem faciunt, pacem appellant.
    2. Re:Memo to NASA by LifesABeach · · Score: 1

      I'm hoping for the best. I'm just not being convinced from the folks in charge of it.

    3. Re:Memo to NASA by Mindcontrolled · · Score: 1

      Actually, I gotta add "1.5 ????", since extraction and isolation of ppm amounts of 3He from regolith is far from feasible at the moment. One can hope, though.

      --
      Ubi solitudinem faciunt, pacem appellant.
  14. Re: "[it'd be] a prestige mission" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Unless if it were successful. Unless instead of just getting there, we stayed and started building something. Biotechnology is advancing by leaps and bounds, as is nanotechnology, material science, etc. And a lot of it is thanks to that ISS that you so willfully deride. The Hubble or the landers may take the headlines of today, but is the ISS that is preparing some very real gifts for tomorrow.

    God only knows what we could accomplish, if we tried.

  15. ...Nine? by tverbeek · · Score: 0

    ...Nine?

    Please?

    --
    http://alternatives.rzero.com/
  16. Is Orion Practical for Deep Space? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I cannot imagine spending six months in that tiny capsule and I doubt anyone outside of Lockheed Martin Corp's PR department and their employees in Congress can either. Orion seems fine for getting people to and from orbit and even to the moon, but for deep space I think we should do a lot better. Why not build a real space ship to carry people and Orion between Earth and Mars? I'm picturing something like the ISS only without as many modules and with real propulsion, perhaps from Vasmir ion engines. Design it to stay in space for multiple missions. When it isn't in use, perhaps it could be docked to the ISS as backup in case of emergency.

  17. kung fu nasa by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Then i suggest NASA supports the worst candidate, so in case he/she wins, they will cancel him/her (him).

  18. Still no interplanetary arc. by master_p · · Score: 3, Funny

    What NASA needs to build is an interplanetary arc; a big spaceship complete with rotating sections for gravity, nuclear propulsion, huge areas of hydroponics and onboard shuttles for visiting planets.

    With such a spaceship, visiting other planets of the solar system would be much easier.

    1. Re:Still no interplanetary arc. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And it's curved. BONUS!

  19. The System is Broken by inhuman_4 · · Score: 4, Insightful

    How NASA projects should work:
    President gives a mission to NASA
    NASA estimates method and budget
    Congress approves budget
    NASA completes mission

    Here is how it actually works:
    President gives a mission to NASA
    Congress chooses the method (maximum jobs) and budget (way too small)
    NASA tries and fails to make congresses' stupid ideas work
    New President cancels old mission in favour of a new mission that is "better" because he can take credit for it

    1. Re:The System is Broken by youn · · Score: 1

      you forgot assumption #21: unicorns are available to help in the design... I hear they are fierce spacecraft (or octopod) designers :)

      --
      Never antropomorphize computers, they do not like that :p
  20. Humans don't belong in space, robots do. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Just send machine to colonize the moon, mars or where ever. In a few hundred years or so when they are done building whatever infrastructure is needed for a comfortable enough life, send the humans to "colonize". When done, repeat. Simple!

  21. Old units by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Quit using old, outdated systems of units. That's Euros per pound.

  22. Nine by mr100percent · · Score: 1

    Wake me after Deep Space missions 1-8 are over.

  23. 1. Vision, 2. ????, 3. Profit. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    If SOME politician in charge would just give NASA a well-defined mission such as "10 years for a working moon base" or "15 years to land humans on Mars" they would find a way to pull it off, even without budget increases

    Ah, the Vision Myth. The noose around NASA's neck for the last 40 years. If only the next President would say the magic words that somehow make all the badness and waste go away.

    Five Presidents have offered grand visions for space. Kennedy wanted a man on the moon in ten years. Nixon wanted a reusable space truck that would cost less than $100m per launch. Reagan wanted the 12 man Freedom space station with a space-ship construction module, launched in 8 years. Bush Sr. wanted a lunar base on the moon within a decade, and then launch Mars missions within 20yrs. Bush Jr, virtually the same, but signed off on Constellation. That's an 80% failure rate since NASA was founded. And 100% failure for the last 40 years.

    Why would the next Grand Presidential Vision for NASA be any different?

    Hell, it's getting worse. Obama's IMO quite reasonable "Vision" for NASA, hand off manned LEO to commercial operators and focus NASA on technologies necessary for manned BEO missions, didn't even get on the floor. Congress had ordered NASA to ignore the President's directive before the budget was even written. Then in the budget, they created a mock-Constellation, SLS, to absorb every funding dollar from the older program. And now they're actively treating commercial-crew as a rival to their plans, and slashing its budget. At least previous Congresses have had the decency to pretend to support the Presidents' Visions. Now they aren't even pretending it's anything less than war.

    1. Re:1. Vision, 2. ????, 3. Profit. by khallow · · Score: 1

      Ah, the Vision Myth. The noose around NASA's neck for the last 40 years. If only the next President would say the magic words that somehow make all the badness and waste go away.

      Five Presidents have offered grand visions for space. Kennedy wanted a man on the moon in ten years. Nixon wanted a reusable space truck that would cost less than $100m per launch. Reagan wanted the 12 man Freedom space station with a space-ship construction module, launched in 8 years. Bush Sr. wanted a lunar base on the moon within a decade, and then launch Mars missions within 20yrs. Bush Jr, virtually the same, but signed off on Constellation. That's an 80% failure rate since NASA was founded. And 100% failure for the last 40 years.

      It'd probably be a 100% failure rate, if Kennedy hadn't been assassinated. Johnson used Kennedy as a convenient martyr and hence, supported the policies that Kennedy had advocated at the time, such as Apollo. In any case. the vision thing is totally bankrupt now.

  24. Launch vehicle development? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Why not dust of the drawings for the Saturn 5, OK it will need a modern control system but then you are ready to go. To compare with a car: Put a modern fuel injection system on a late 1960's V8 car... that would move..

    Frustrated space guy...