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MIT Prof Predicts the End of Disabilities In Next 50 Years

judgecorp writes "MIT professor Hugh Herr describes how technology can end disability in 50 years — with a big incentive from the need to support injured war veterans. A champion climber, Herr lost both legs below the knee, returned to climbing and designed improved climbing prostheses. From the article: 'Herr believes the work he is doing won’t just have humanitarian benefits. There’s money to be made too. And if there’s a market here, it means more people will receive help. Despite all the horrors and injustices the Iraq and Afghanistan wars spawned, they have helped make the biomechatronics industry a lot more viable. Back in 2007, Herr gave Garth Stewart, a 24-year-old Army veteran who lost his left leg below the knee during the conflict in Iraq, a bionic ankle. It used tendon-like springs and an electric motor to provide support for Stewart.'"

44 of 190 comments (clear)

  1. And flying cars and moon bases too, yeah, yeah by crazyjj · · Score: 5, Insightful

    I predict that 50 years from now, we'll realize that all long-term predictions made in 2012 turned out to be wrong.

    As for the bionic limb prediction specifically, I've been hearing that my whole life. We always seem to be right on the edge of every amputee having bionic limbs. And yet decade after decade passes and, with the exception of a few prototypes here and there along the way, they all still seem to be wearing the same basic hooks and passive limbs that they've had forever (albeit much improved and lighter versions). Steve Austin, with his bionic limbs, is like a mirage that's always just up ahead--but never seems to actually get any closer.

    --
    What political party do you join when you don't like Bible-thumpers *or* hippies?
    1. Re:And flying cars and moon bases too, yeah, yeah by Sir_Sri · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Apparently, despite all of the people who are injured in road accidents, left over land mines, general mishaps that befall the population etc, the key to moving technology forward is to have 30 or 40 000 soldiers injured.

    2. Re:And flying cars and moon bases too, yeah, yeah by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Yes and Motor Neurones, Spinabifida, MS and a whole load of other conditions aren't disabilities now.

      The MIT guy is talking about one small part of a massive group of conditions.

      Heres a cheaper and easier way to end disabilities from wars... Stop sending soldiers into war over other people's greed.

    3. Re:And flying cars and moon bases too, yeah, yeah by Qzukk · · Score: 5, Insightful

      they all still seem to be wearing the same basic hooks and passive limbs that they've had forever

      That's what their insurance covers.

      --
      If I have been able to see further than others, it is because I bought a pair of binoculars.
    4. Re:And flying cars and moon bases too, yeah, yeah by DarenN · · Score: 2

      Well, yes. And if you think about it you can see why.

      A large number of people in their prime productive years get mutilated in a short space of time. And these people work for an organisation that has the resources to spend on looking for a solution. I read recently that 1 in 5 single amputees can return to active duty, and those numbers will rise as solutions get better.

      --
      Rational thought is the only true freedom
    5. Re:And flying cars and moon bases too, yeah, yeah by ILongForDarkness · · Score: 3, Insightful

      There is too many ways of getting disabled. Amputated limbs okay, but how much leg is left? If it is past the knee you might be okay but what if it is mid femur? What if it is neurological? Again how far up is the neurological problem? Are you a quadropeligic or is it just a local nerve in the leg? Do you have a degenerative neural disease so even your currently working nerves are weird? Too many variables I think an expanding portion of people will be candidates but I don't think we'll ever get everyone. I'm sorry sometimes the most reasonable thing to tell little Timmy is that he'll never walk again, and no really he'll never walk again. There isn't some miracle just around the corner etc. medicine tries too much to give hope to the hopeless it is becoming more of a religion every day. Same thing happens in cancer were I work.

      Oh cancer will be cured in 20 years, yeah we've been hearing that since cancer was discovered. There is too many ways that your cells can go bad. Too many regions of the body, too many where cancers are really close to the normal tissues etc. We'll cure some, we'll prevent some, but there will always be cancer of one form or another and we need it: mutations are necessary for evolution.

    6. Re:And flying cars and moon bases too, yeah, yeah by Baloroth · · Score: 4, Interesting

      We always seem to be right on the edge of every amputee having bionic limbs.

      Have we? I mean, true bionic limbs require tactile feedback, which in turn requires some kind of biological-machine interface. We are getting closer to it, but I wouldn't say we are anywhere near being on the edge of that (even now). Without that kind of feedback, even a sophisticated robotic limb is pretty well worthless, since you won't be able to use it for all that much. Granted, for someone without a hand, even that limited use is an improvement. The real problem isn't creating a robot hand or limb: the problem is controlling it. Simple motions are possible: complex ones, such as moving individual fingers on it, are not, and until we get that, losing a limb will always be a major disability.

      --
      "None can love freedom heartily, but good men; the rest love not freedom, but license." --John Milton
    7. Re:And flying cars and moon bases too, yeah, yeah by fuzzyfuzzyfungus · · Score: 4, Funny

      If they wanted active limbs they'd pull themselves up by their remaining bootstrap.

    8. Re:And flying cars and moon bases too, yeah, yeah by jeffb+(2.718) · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Perhaps the key is to have 30 or 40 000 amputees with a health-care plan that isn't dedicated to maximizing profits.

      /ducks and runs

    9. Re:And flying cars and moon bases too, yeah, yeah by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

      General mishaps and accidents are scattered, "unfortunate events". The public sees a disabled soldier as someone that lost their arms or legs as someone that sacrificed their own body in defense of our nation... for better and worse.

      That many active, healthy, celebrated men and women in their prime, all pouring in over a short period of time, missing limbs... that's hard to ignore. Doubly so since there are already organized, well-funded efforts to both raise awareness and care for veterans after service.

      But hey, dealing with a real human problem like we mean it... that alone isn't a bad thing.

    10. Re:And flying cars and moon bases too, yeah, yeah by glop · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Actually, Wired has an article on this this month. And it turns out the classic hooks is still better in some respects and are preferred for some occasions where strength, speed and feedback are best.
      I suppose when you are outside your home (i.e. where people can see you and gather anecdotal statistics as the ones we discuss), you might want the most reliable, fast and simple gear.
      So some of the people we see with old style gear might have more advanced prostheses at home or at work for tasks that benefit from them.

    11. Re:And flying cars and moon bases too, yeah, yeah by jamstar7 · · Score: 4, Insightful

      they all still seem to be wearing the same basic hooks and passive limbs that they've had forever

      That's what their insurance covers.

      And therein lies the problem. Anything more expensive than the basics, and the insurance companies weasel about paying for it. Medical insurance companies are still for-profit companies, and any payments come off the bottom line. Even with the unnecessary 'bailout' that the so-called 'Obamacare' legislation jammed down our throats, healthcare in the US hasn't been determined by qualified medical professionals (i.e., 'doctors') in decades, it's been determined by beancounters. For some serious giggles, google up the profits of the health care insurance companies and see for yourself.

      --
      Understanding the scope of the problem is the first step on the path to true panic.
    12. Re:And flying cars and moon bases too, yeah, yeah by Sir_Sri · · Score: 4, Insightful

      No, that wouldn't do it, because the civilized world have health plans not dedicated to maximizing profits and we don't have some magical solutions either.

      It's all politics, the US especially but others generally are willing to invest a huge amount into R&D for soldiers who get injured, but many thousands more people who suffer similar problems every year seem to not get the same priorities.

    13. Re:And flying cars and moon bases too, yeah, yeah by Luckyo · · Score: 2

      No, we hear that cancer treatment will be improved so that what's lethal today will be treatable in 20 years. This prediction has so far been more or less true, we can treat cancers at more and more advanced stages successfully. Problem with cancer is its propensity to keep on coming back, so you can never truly "cure" it, merely remove the life-threatening tumour and monitor for new growths.

      Same thing with prosthetics. They are improving fast. 20 years ago Pistorius' success story would not have been possible. We also are slowly starting to get actual neural interfaces for people who have neurological damage rather then just physiological one.

    14. Re:And flying cars and moon bases too, yeah, yeah by ILongForDarkness · · Score: 2

      Exactly, we continue to expand the things that are fixable but there is always more. As people live longer they live long enough to have different problems. So today's #1 cancer gets cured only to have the population live another 5 years to die of some weird heart problem. We fix that and all of a sudden the #1 killer is skin cancer say, fix that then it becomes pneumonia. It is a game of wack a mole which by definition we'll never win since we all need to die.

    15. Re:And flying cars and moon bases too, yeah, yeah by AlienIntelligence · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Yes and Motor Neurones, Spinabifida, MS and a whole load of other conditions aren't disabilities now.

      The MIT guy is talking about one small part of a massive group of conditions.

      I was thinking the same thing... what an asinine thing to say.
      And that's literally the way he said it too.

      Guy loses both of his legs... and he thinks that is the only
      type of 'disability' out there. He's obviously not the ego-free
      individual we want leading the march.

      Heres a cheaper and easier way to end disabilities from wars... Stop sending soldiers into war over other people's greed.

      While I agree with you intrinsically... you do realize, it's not
      that easy? Additionally, you do realize that a soldier is a
      soldier for a reason. To fight in wars. They do not join without
      the concept of death.

      I was going to go in as an EOD Specialist, cause I have some
      unresolved adrenaline issues and a poorly formed executive
      center in the brain... =) but... the thought and reality of being
      randomly shot, rather than blown up... poured cold water on
      that. I made a choice.

      Any soldier can, before becoming a GI. We are not under draft.

      As far as I know... there is no other cause of war, besides greed.

      So your statement then is, "Stop being greedy".

      Good luck with that.

      -AI

      --
      For me, it is far better to grasp the Universe as it really is than to persist in delusion
    16. Re:And flying cars and moon bases too, yeah, yeah by ace37 · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Apparently, despite all of the people who are injured in road accidents, left over land mines, general mishaps that befall the population etc, the key to moving technology forward is to have 30 or 40 000 soldiers injured.

      Compare that to workers comp and lawsuits from 30k-40k injuries at work in US private industry.

      This has a much lower cost to the military and has a great external benefit to society. I don't think these soldiers are making out like bandits here, and I'm glad we'll have the technology for those few injured in road accidents and general mishaps.

      Land mines aren't common on US soil, and it will take decades of improvement before these types of technologies can be extended to the many countries with those problems. And perhaps they need it the most; I don't know. But it must happen first somewhere, and this type of technology won't be developed by an impoverished nation that lacks advanced engineering skills.

    17. Re:And flying cars and moon bases too, yeah, yeah by AlienIntelligence · · Score: 4, Interesting

      you might want the most reliable, fast and simple gear.
      So some of the people we see with old style gear might have more
      advanced prostheses at home or at work for tasks that benefit from them.

      I was a manager for a graphic arts publication, my lead graphic artist,
      had an articulating hook in place of one forearm. Let me repeat... my
      LEAD artist. He was faster than everyone else and had the least amount
      of mistakes. Regardless of whether he pushed extra hard to be as good
      as anyone... he was. And he was not handicapped or disabled in any way.

      Here's to ya José! Thanks for all the copy.

      -AI

      --
      For me, it is far better to grasp the Universe as it really is than to persist in delusion
    18. Re:And flying cars and moon bases too, yeah, yeah by girlintraining · · Score: 3, Insightful

      For some serious giggles, google up the profits of the health care insurance companies and see for yourself.

      I work for a health care insurance company. There is no incentive to improve business process here; Millions are wasted due to systemic inefficiency. Medicare is an example of administration done right: They take something like $0.05 of every dollar to administer the program -- that is, all the approvals, rejections, communications, support infrastructure, and personnel to move the money from point A to point B and provide full auditing of it as well. There is no private-sector company that can begin to approach that level of efficiency. But insurance companies' overhead costs are being spread across their entire subscriber base, an every solution is about as inefficient as any other in the private sector. This doesn't become apparent until you try to buy medical goods and services at "retail" prices. That's the price of systemic inefficiency, and since insurance companies have no incentive to improve business process, billions are lost every year due to it.

      Before you complain about how they're profit-maximizing, consider that the reason you're paying so much isn't just to pad profit margins: It's also because there's no reason to be efficient. Most people can't afford not to have health insurance. Even a perfectly healthy person doing routine preventative care would see the equivalent of a decent used car rolling out of their pocket and into the gaping maw of "Medical expenses". Yes, the companies are to blame, but make sure you're pinning it on the right behavior!

      --
      #fuckbeta #iamslashdot #dicemustdie
    19. Re:And flying cars and moon bases too, yeah, yeah by KhabaLox · · Score: 2

      Why don't you invest your money in an insurance company that will invest your funds in paying for every amputee to have the top notch prosthetics and offers zero ROI. I hear those stocks do really well on the market.

      Congratulations. You just identified why the medical services industry should not be solely profit motivated.

      --
      Ceci n'est pas un sig.
  2. The end of disability? by mcgrew · · Score: 5, Insightful

    I don't see any indication that spinal cord or brain injuries or birth defects will be gone in fifty years.

    1. Re:The end of disability? by vlm · · Score: 3, Insightful

      I don't see any indication that spinal cord or brain injuries or birth defects will be gone in fifty years.

      Lack of medical care for all but the 1% means they'll be dead, not disabled.

      There was a day when middle class people had houseservants, maids, etc. That sounds kinda laughable today. In the future thats how they'll look back on pensions, social security, medical care for all but the 1%...

      --
      "Science flies us to the moon. Religion flies us into buildings." - Victor Stenger
    2. Re:The end of disability? by mcgrew · · Score: 5, Interesting

      I already have a defective part swapped out. I got a steroid-induced cataract in my left eye, and its lens was replaced with a CrystaLens, which sits on struts and can actually focus. After wearing thick glasses all my life I now need no corrective lenses at all, not even reading glasses -- and I'm 60.

      You will be assimilated. Resistance is futile? You'll BEG to be assimilated.

    3. Re:The end of disability? by canajin56 · · Score: 2

      He said the effects of most disability would be mitigated by the end of the century, but that a lot of that work would be done in the next 50. Besides which he's clearly talking about physical disability, not brain damage. He's not suggesting that in 2060 there will be fully working bionic brains, just that the bionic limbs, that are already quite good, are going to be very good by then. He has two below knee amputations, and his bionics let him run and climb and dance. He says he's not disabled anymore, and by 2100 almost nobody will be, because even above elbow bionic arms will be good enough to do just about everything a meat arm can do. As for spinal damage, there's already impressive work being done bypassing the nerves and sending signals straight to the muscles. Such people wouldn't have feeling from their limbs, so they would still be limited in what they can do, but it's totally possible that in 90 years they wouldn't really be considered disabled anymore, they just have to be careful when walking around due to limited sensation. From a non-bionic point of view, there are also constant strides being made in inducing nerve regeneration

      --
      ASCII stupid question, get a stupid ANSI
    4. Re:The end of disability? by ILongForDarkness · · Score: 3, Funny

      As long as 7 of 9 is doing the assimilating count me in.

    5. Re:The end of disability? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      birth defects

      The category known as "birth defects" will expand greatly over the next fifty years. The technology (and societal willingness) to enable the survival of previously-unviable fetuses and sustain life will continue to outpace the technology to solve the much more difficult issue of curing/correcting the issue.

      If you think you've seen some weird allergies lately, you have no idea what's coming in fifty years. Get ready for headlines like: "Doctors miraculously save baby that couldn't breathe"...and ten years later: "Schools unable to cope with kids that are allergic to oxygen"

    6. Re:The end of disability? by s0nicfreak · · Score: 2

      Now the middle class has robot maids or contraptions to make housekeeping easy, computers and devices that do much of the work of houseservants, etc. And a much bigger house than they use to have, but now they spend so little time in it that it doesn't get very dirty so a maid would be pointless. They spend most of their money on their appearance to others outside the house (in the form of expensive clothes, expensive cars, etc. etc.) rather than focusing on happiness inside the house. The middle class could still afford houseservants, maids, etc. if that was what they chose to put their money towards. I know several middle class people that have a "cleaning service" come to their house weekly - basically a modern day maid.

  3. Parking by SJHillman · · Score: 2

    Does this mean there will be more parking spaces open close to the stores? Walmart seems to be the only place that ever fills them all up anyway.

  4. Hmm... by fuzzyfuzzyfungus · · Score: 5, Interesting

    I'm inclined to wonder whether the roboticists will manage to crack their problem before team "you grew the leg once, now grow it again" manages to get their pet stem cells from turning into hideous doom cancer all the time...

    I'm also inclined to wonder what the outcome will be if we manage to crack the (highly complex; but comparatively simple) mechanical problem of replacing the function of limbs; but still have a load of people running around with neural problems, whether inborn or caused by concussive damage and the like. Robotics is hard; but it appears to be very nearly a toy problem compared to neurology.

    1. Re:Hmm... by MozeeToby · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I'm inclined to wonder what people will do given the choice between a truly advanced robotic prosthesis and regrowing a limb.

      "Well Mr Johnson, we can fit you with a robotic hand with full tactile feedback via a 2 way neural link, wireless charging (though a mat that we put under your mattress), and have you back to 90% functional with a couple weeks training and therapy and greater than before your accident long term. Of course, as technology improves we can upgrade your arm accordingly. We even offer a "utility" mode with greater than human strength, durability, and dexterity, though for safety reasons this is disabled through limiters during normal use.

      Or, we can give you a series of treatments to regrow you arm. It'll be a long, and probably painful process as the bones and muscles regrow. You'll need months, if not years of physical therapy to tone the muscles and strengthen the joints. But in the end, you'll have an arm that is actually "you" in every way, right down to the genetic level (minus a few tweaks we made to make the arm grow in faster).

      The choice is yours."

    2. Re:Hmm... by networkBoy · · Score: 2

      http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-563099/The-amazing-pixie-dust-pigs-bladder-regrew-severed-finger-FOUR-weeks.html
      http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,353636,00.html
      there we go, easier to find than I thought.
      Now, this guy only lost about 1/2 inch of his finger, but I wonder what would happen if bone was involved...
      Still speaks to your comment of "you grew the leg once...".
      -nB

      --
      whois gawk date unzip strip find touch finger mount join nice man top fsck grep eject more yes exit umount sleep dump
    3. Re:Hmm... by MozeeToby · · Score: 2

      You can lose everything up to the growth plate in the first joint and it will grow back. This guy just got as close as is physically possible to that boundary, unless the miracle powder can regrown joints and whole bones, I won't be holding my breath.

  5. Not all disabilities are created equal... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    ... and to say that all disabilities will be solved by tech in the next 50 years seems to be an overly broad statement. We may be able to eliminate physical disability due to lost or missing limbs within 50 years, and possibly even many spinal core injuries, but there are many other forms of disability, especially traumatic brain injury and disabilities due to genetic anomalies that are still not well understood, and likely will never have a "cure". In many of the genetic cases, even if diagnosed in utero, there really isn't anything that can be done.
       

  6. Send drones by captainpanic · · Score: 3, Insightful

    If you can make robotic legs, arms, eyes, hands, etc., why not put all that together and send the drones to do the fighting? Then you have no more veterans to fix up when they come back missing a limb.

  7. Woohoo MIT Cyborgs! by blackicye · · Score: 2

    From TFA:“But what if you were doing it for athletic purposes?” Doctorow responds. Herr says if the need is there, then why not? He has some controversial opinions. A future devoid of disability? Many would agree that’s an amazing prospect. But a future where people can upgrade themselves as if they were DIY machines themselves? Is that something people want?"

    Interesting, this guys seems pretty extreme but I'm of the opinion that if technology is starting to play such major roles in almost all sports why shouldn't cyborgs be allowed to compete in track and field?

    Sports is all about "cheating" or if you prefer gaining the upper hand with technology anyway these days (Golf, Swimming, Archery, Sports Medicine etc.)

    1. Re:Woohoo MIT Cyborgs! by JoeMerchant · · Score: 2

      Interesting, this guys seems pretty extreme but I'm of the opinion that if technology is starting to play such major roles in almost all sports why shouldn't cyborgs be allowed to compete in track and field?

      Spring-foot prosthetics are a clear unfair advantage in long distance running, they need their own league to compete in, otherwise truly competitive athletes would have to cut their feet off to have a chance of winning.

  8. And herein lies the downside of capitalism by CanHasDIY · · Score: 2
    From the summary:

    There’s money to be made too. And if there’s a market here, it means more people will receive help.

    Which would be better worded as

    Unless there’s money to be made, and unless there’s a market here, it means no people will receive help.

    Thus is the reason I feel capitalism (in its current form) has outlived its usefulness: Societal advancement now takes a back seat to making money, and I for one refuse to believe that making the world a better place for all should take a back seat to the unfettered greed of a few.

    --
    An enigma, wrapped in a riddle, shrouded in bacon and cheese
  9. Re:Money? by Skidborg · · Score: 2

    Yes. Abort everybody who might ever be in a car accident. That would take care of the vast majority of America's problems.

    --
    Supporter of the +1 Over Dramatic mod option. In memory of apk.
  10. Re:Money? by networkBoy · · Score: 2

    Health care is not free.
    Who pays for the medicine?
    Who pays the doctors?
    Who pays for the DME?
    Who pays for the MRI machines, the X-ray machines, the operating rooms?
    Who pays for the physical therapy?

    All these things cost money, no matter where you are, thus health care is not free.
    In those more "advanced" countries you refer to the taxpayers all pay into a pool, and that is dived up to pay for everyone's health care. To call it free is disingenuous. Now, there is a valid debate as to whether or not the US system, the socialist system, or some hybrid of the two is best, all have their advantages and disadvantages. But to quote Heinlein: TANSTAAFL.
    -nB

    --
    whois gawk date unzip strip find touch finger mount join nice man top fsck grep eject more yes exit umount sleep dump
  11. Re:no by Samantha+Wright · · Score: 3, Informative

    Autism researcher here. (Well, I'm not actually an autism researcher, but I do their computer stuff.) It's now generally believed that, whatever the genetic component of autism actually looks like (and it's now believed that there are many, many subtle mutations working in concert), a significant portion cases are triggered by environmental conditions. Like cancer, the incidence rate of autism is pretty much correlated with how horribly contaminated our world is. Here's an opinion piece by David Suzuki (PDF; scroll to page 8) on the matter. It's possible that the data set for people with autism will never be large enough for us to actually do statistically useful genetic screening.

    Also: try not to be too hard on people with Asperger's. Certainly there are people out there who are just socially maladaptive and use it as a label to hide behind, but just from a short conversation with someone suffering from AS, you simply can't tell. There's a lot going on behind the scenes, however, in how they think, plan, feel, and perceive, and the apparently-normal facade is more of a testament to determination to fit in than anything.

    --
    Bio questions? Ask me to start a Q&A journal. Computer analogies available for most topics!
  12. Re:In the future, healthcare will be free! by JoeMerchant · · Score: 2

    So, let's start complaining about this after unemployment is below 2%.

  13. Re:What's a disability? by serviscope_minor · · Score: 2

    Are you one of those people who believes that shades of grey make the extremely obvious black-and-white cases not exist?

    You get both legs and arms blown off by a landmine. Does that make you disabled?

    Yes. It most certainly does.

    --
    SJW n. One who posts facts.
  14. Article about prosthetics in this months Wired: by yodleboy · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Read on for a less rose tinted view of the state of prosthetic art and the challenges that are holding it back A True Bionic Limb Remains Far Out Of Reach. Interesting stuff.

  15. Re:Money? by Esteanil · · Score: 2

    Now, there is a valid debate as to whether or not the US system, the socialist system, or some hybrid of the two is best, all have their advantages and disadvantages.

    The US system has vastly higher costs for worse outcomes.
    The rest of the western world has gone with socialized medicine since it is obviously the better system, while the US suffers under heavy-handed lobbying from the corporate interests that are on the receiving end of said vastly higher costs.

    What more is there to discuss?

    --
    I'm a dreamer, the world is my playpen. But hey, I'm a serious person, I can't dream all the time.