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Windows Has a Future In RAM: AgigaTech Samples DDR3+Flash DIMM

An anonymous reader writes "AgigaTech appears to be the first company to produce a non-volatile SDRAM DIMM — an SDRAM memory module that retains its contents even without power supply. The modules combine DDR2/3 SDRAM with NAND Flash as well as a data transfer controller and an ultracapacitor-based power source to support a data transfer from the SDRAM to Flash and vice versa. If this memory makes it into production, this is something that I instantly will want and will stand in line for."

139 comments

  1. Eh? by eugene2k · · Score: 5, Insightful

    What's windows got to do with it?

    --
    Apple has "Mac vs PC", Microsoft has "Laptop Hunters", Linux has recession
    1. Re:Eh? by fustakrakich · · Score: 0

      Exactly.. Especially combined with this statement: "A fast, instantly responding system without noticeable delays."

      Windows?? instantly responding?? Please! I just ate.

      --
      “He’s not deformed, he’s just drunk!”
    2. Re:Eh? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      In 8086 days, SDRAM static ram chips and timeclocks often had batteries built in.
      This is just an update/variation The bit about windows is probably a reference that ARM chips are creaming windows on portable devices,and data /executables in memory(DIM) may be the salvation. Never mind writing efficient code in the first place.
      such ram may alleivate the bloat problem.

    3. Re:Eh? by optikos · · Score: 3

      You mean SRAM (static RAM DIPs) back before in was on-die within the processor. SDRAM is synchronous dynamic RAM DIMMs. SRAM and SDRAM are entirely different.

    4. Re:Eh? by unix_core · · Score: 1

      Exactly my thought, the article mentions windows but nothing that doesn't apply to any other operating system except maybe it being rather RAM-hungry.

    5. Re:Eh? by sco08y · · Score: 2

      Who needs Windows when Windows can be broken?

      Not broken, but feature enhanced to improve air flow.

    6. Re:Eh? by NatasRevol · · Score: 1

      And jagged edges for security protection!

      --
      There are two types of people in the world: Those who crave closure
    7. Re:Eh? by __aaltlg1547 · · Score: 1

      Just read the article. The product is a FLASH-backed DDR2 or DDR3 module. It's supposed to offload your data to FLASH when you lose power. It might even work. Of course it will not have the same storage density as DDR2 or DDR3 modules can have because there are extra FLASH chips on it.

    8. Re:Eh? by Ironhandx · · Score: 4, Informative

      There was a false idea floating around back in the days of the SIMMS-> DIMMS transfer that SDRAM stood for Static Dynamic Ram and that it switched to DRAM as the abbreviation for DIMMS. This was actually propagated in marketing for awhile.

      I've also seen people claim that SIMM stood for Static Inline Memory Module, what was actually the case was that SIMMS were most often a form of PRAM which is just battery backed DRAM, which added to the confusion.

      Static Dynamic RAM was actually sort-of a term for awhile but Synchronous Dynamic Ram needed the abbreviation far more as it extremely quickly became the standard.

      Therefore you have a situation where often SRAM and SDRAM can mean the same thing to some people.

      My cousin who is a Computer Science grad who got his degree around that time actually learned from a Prof who also had incorrect information and argued with me for a long time on the matter until I managed to care enough to dig out the relevant technical documents and show him why he was wrong.

    9. Re:Eh? by Spaseboy · · Score: 2

      You obviously haven't used 8 on an SSD system. It's like using a faster, better iPad.

      --
      "I don't want more choice, I just want nicer things!"
      -Jennifer Saunders as Edina Monsoon
    10. Re:Eh? by MobileTatsu-NJG · · Score: 0

      What's windows got to do with it?

      Kinect? A second handy motion.

      --

      "I like to lick butts!" by MobileTatsu-NJG (#32700246) (Score:5, Informative)

    11. Re:Eh? by chrisxcr1 · · Score: 1

      Single Inline Memory Module, Dual Inline Memory Module

    12. Re:Eh? by ILongForDarkness · · Score: 1

      Beat me to it. Yeah don't get what windows has to do with this. If anything its very aggressive memory management (Ie cache everything just in case) is a drawback because you'd need more of this stuff to keep your whole resident memory footprint.

    13. Re:Eh? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'm using 8 on an SSD system. While boot time is faster than 7, I don't find anything else more responsive. In fact, the don't-call-it-Metro apps are very slow to load despite how little they do.

    14. Re:Eh? by Ironhandx · · Score: 1

      They could have the same density. This is one tech that sounds like it could make use of some of that empty space that generally lies immediately above the ram sticks. For blade servers this doesn't apply of course but anyone deploying blade servers isn't going to want this stuff until its a much more mature tech anyways.

  2. No, wait.... by eugene2k · · Score: 3, Informative

    "The most obvious application is the vision of keeping, for example, Windows completely stored in a DIMM." - is that it? Is that one sentence the reason for the headline?

    --
    Apple has "Mac vs PC", Microsoft has "Laptop Hunters", Linux has recession
    1. Re:No, wait.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Microsoft announced the launch of Windows 8 and Windows Phone 8 two days ago and they need the column-inches.

      Expect another six weeks of Slashdot product placement from Burson Marsteller and Microsoft.

    2. Re:No, wait.... by ILongForDarkness · · Score: 1

      You'd only want parts of windows I'd think since a large part of the OS is helper apps and dialogs and such that most people don't ever use (but people use a different subset so they still are in the box because a large group really really wants it). Better core OS + frequent apps IMHO.

    3. Re:No, wait.... by Samantha+Wright · · Score: 1

      Unfortunately, the Unix philosophy doesn't make that good of an end-user product, at least as far as modern marketing knows. It's the inclusion of little details that make or break a sale and allow a company to beat the competition.

      --
      Bio questions? Ask me to start a Q&A journal. Computer analogies available for most topics!
    4. Re:No, wait.... by hairyfeet · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Its trollbait, it won't benefit Windows any more than it would BSD, Linux, or OSX. I mean who even shuts down anymore, when you have hybrid sleep? The amount of power used is negligible and if the battery gets low Windows automatically switches to hibernate.

      It seems to me the ones that would gain the most from this wouldn't be Windows but iOS and Android as it'd be great for cell phones. Just have the main OS shut down to this new RAM and have a tiny OS that simply listens for calls and SMS and wakes the larger OS if you have incoming communications. Hell with something like that we might actually have smartphones whose batteries last like the old dumbphones did, wouldn't that be nice?

      --
      ACs don't waste your time replying, your posts are never seen by me.
    5. Re:No, wait.... by ThePeices · · Score: 1

      Hybrid sleep? battery? Having trouble finding this on my desktop computer.

      Do you mean the CMOS batery? if so, wrong battery.

    6. Re:No, wait.... by bored · · Score: 1

      I've been using S3 standby on a desktop with a UPS for the last 9 years or so with windows XP.

      Fantastic, basically i never reboot XP, walk away it goes to sleep after 15 minutes, and wakes on a key press in under 1 second.

      Power draw in S3 is ~6W including monitors after I purchased a 80+ power supply I found on some website talking abut standby power usage (most of them are only 80+ efficient in the intended power range which is generally > 50 watts).

    7. Re:No, wait.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      6 W? That's a lot, just to keep a few DIMMs and some helper electronics going...
      As far as I know, it should usually be somewhere between 1 and 3 W.
      But I even consider that much.

    8. Re:No, wait.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'm sorry but how will a full sized DIMM benefit a mobile?

      This has SDRAM, Flash and a "disconnected" power source. These are all things mobile devices already have. This is more beneficial to desktops than any kind of mobile device which can relatively easily be modified to do this.

    9. Re:No, wait.... by hairyfeet · · Score: 1

      If you are not using hybrid sleep on your desktop then "ur doin it wrong" as we are talking less than 5 second wakeups and less than 5w power draw. I've been using it on Win 7 since the beta and frankly there really isn't any point in shutdown anymore.

      --
      ACs don't waste your time replying, your posts are never seen by me.
    10. Re:No, wait.... by bored · · Score: 1

      6 W? That's a lot, just to keep a few DIMMs and some helper electronics going...

      Yes, but I think most of it is the power supplies being 80% inefficient at that low of current draw. If someone were to hard power the monitors off when the PC goes to sleep it would probably save a watt or two there too. Its actually more than my (ARM based) NAS running full out, but I'm pretty happy though.

    11. Re:No, wait.... by vidnet · · Score: 1

      it won't benefit Windows any more than it would BSD, Linux or OSX

      It will benefit Windows and OSX a lot more since suspending there actually works.

      If you ever successfully unsuspend a *BSD or Linux box, you should post a bragging video on youtube and never, ever update anything.

    12. Re:No, wait.... by MrNiCeGUi · · Score: 1

      I use a Smart Master/Slave Power Strip for this. The computer is the master, and when it goes to standby all the other stuff (monitor, speakers, printer, desk lamp) get a hard shutdown. They are not too expensive, I think they start at around 20$. I recommend you search for one with adjustable sensitivity for the master outlet draw just in case, but I don't think event the cheapest fixed ones are calibrated for less than your 6W.

    13. Re:No, wait.... by HArchH · · Score: 1

      And this product placement is supposed to positively influence /. readers to pay money for Win8?

  3. Zero watt 'suspend' instead of 'hibernate' by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

    Instant on and zero-watt suspend instead of having to hibernate. This would be faster even than booting from SSD. The summary is implying that windows (or other OS) would reside installed on RAM instead of to the hard-drive, so there would be no load time.

    1. Re:Zero watt 'suspend' instead of 'hibernate' by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

      The summary is implying that windows (or other OS)

      Then why not say something non-ambiguous like "keep entire operating system in memory"? This is Slashdot not NewbDot. They don't have to "imply" anything; just say it.

    2. Re:Zero watt 'suspend' instead of 'hibernate' by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Err no, there would be a load time because it's exactly "hibernate to SSD". It's just that they control the RAM-to-SSD bandwidth so they might in theory make the load time faster than a software solution, but they give no number.

    3. Re:Zero watt 'suspend' instead of 'hibernate' by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Err no, there would be a load time because it's exactly "hibernate to SSD". It's just that they control the RAM-to-SSD bandwidth so they might in theory make the load time faster than a software solution, but they give no number.

      You are assuming that there will be separate RAM and NAND chips on this module. If the flash memory is interleaved with the RAM cells in the IC's then the data will never have to hit the bus and never have to be serialized. If this is the case the NAND-cells only have to be connect to the RAM-cells in a way that they are "nudging" the cells in the correct direction during power on and the memory will be fully loaded before the motherboard even releases the reset-signal to the CPU.

    4. Re:Zero watt 'suspend' instead of 'hibernate' by queazocotal · · Score: 1

      This will not be the case, semiconductor processes can be optimised for one or the other.
      You get a more dense RAM or flash by not interleaving.
      And as area is proportional to cost, it would end up more expensive.

    5. Re:Zero watt 'suspend' instead of 'hibernate' by davester666 · · Score: 1

      Well, we've been able to do it for years with other OSes. I guess they are finally able to make a DIMM big enough to hold Windows in it.

      --
      Sleep your way to a whiter smile...date a dentist!
    6. Re:Zero watt 'suspend' instead of 'hibernate' by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No. If you boot up, it could internally redirect reading of still missing stuff from the Flash instead, but write to DIMM, even while still copying over. This should be completely transparent outside of the DIMM. And the closer the Flash and the DIMM part are together, the less problematic this would be.
      Ideally, the bits of the Flash and the DIMM memory would be directly side-by-side, with a separate conductor for the transferral of each bit... making the copying instantaneous.

    7. Re:Zero watt 'suspend' instead of 'hibernate' by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      This will not be the case, semiconductor processes can be optimised for one or the other.
      You get a more dense RAM or flash by not interleaving.
      And as area is proportional to cost, it would end up more expensive.

      OK, fine, lets assume separate IC's. If each IC can hold 512 MB data and they all can be copied simultaneously the module would need to do a 512MB memory to memory copy during boot without the need to go through the CPU. That takes what? 10ms?

  4. Old News by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Informative

    Viking has been doing this for awhile. This is their second incarnation.

    http://www.vikingtechnology.com/arxcis-nv

  5. they dont want you to have hard drives by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    there is your reason you then cant download .....enjoy your future of having retards for computer users.

  6. UPS by digitalderbs · · Score: 2

    I'm a little skeptical that this will revolutionize IT. How is this an improvement over a system on a UPS with a lot of RAM and aggressive caching? Data centers, which seem to be this product's first market target, already have this in place.

    1. Re:UPS by firex726 · · Score: 1

      DC's don't jump on this sort of stuff till i'ts much more common.

      Server soften require A LOT of RAM, and no consumer is going to pay two extra zeros for a server with this non-volatile RAM when they could get one from a competitor with volatile RAM and SSD.

    2. Re:UPS by __aaltlg1547 · · Score: 1

      Smaller, lighter, more portable. Possibly higher bandwidth in preloading your RAM when booting.

    3. Re:UPS by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      instant on computers?

    4. Re:UPS by lister+king+of+smeg · · Score: 1

      oh so when your computer crashes you have no boot menu and the os boots immediately to a crashed state sounds like fun

      --
      ---Saying gnome 3 is better than windows 8 not so much a compliment as it is damning with light praise.
    5. Re:UPS by Uhyve · · Score: 1

      Yeah, because they couldn't possibly change the way you boot into a boot menu, guess we should never improve boot times then.

      How about holding a button when turning on the computer?

    6. Re:UPS by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      don't shut off your brain to defy simple logic and reasoning when you are trying to prove some point, it just makes you look petty and retarded.

      the main problem is that you'd just always boot back to that crashed state, right?. there is no way possible to work around that, nope. fuck this idea, it's scrapped, now. engineers couldn't puzzle that one out so they totally got us there.

  7. Less interesting than the writer thinks. by queazocotal · · Score: 5, Insightful

    This will require essentially the same software infrastructure as normal suspend to RAM.

    The system still has to go through the steps:
    Check to see if any critical tasks are running - if so, pause suspend, and ask user.
    Same with any communications tasks that may be interrupted.
    Stop tasks.
    Save state from all hardware to RAM.
    Suspend to RAM.

    Just capturing an image of the running system does not result in a system that will resume.

    It's not a case of put one of these magical DIMMs in, and you're fine for power cuts.

    Is it possibly interesting - sure.
    But in real life, it may have very little advantage over a seperate flash device, for main memory.

    Now, as a super-fast SSD - truly awesome.

    Also - WTF - this should never be patentable.
    This is not an invention worthy of patent.
    It does nothing novel that is not implicit in the problem statement.
    'I want a non-volatile RAM'.

    1. Re:Less interesting than the writer thinks. by divisionbyzero · · Score: 1

      This will require essentially the same software infrastructure as normal suspend to RAM.

      The system still has to go through the steps:
      Check to see if any critical tasks are running - if so, pause suspend, and ask user.
      Same with any communications tasks that may be interrupted.
      Stop tasks.
      Save state from all hardware to RAM.
      Suspend to RAM.

      Just capturing an image of the running system does not result in a system that will resume.

      It's not a case of put one of these magical DIMMs in, and you're fine for power cuts.

      Is it possibly interesting - sure.
      But in real life, it may have very little advantage over a seperate flash device, for main memory.

      Now, as a super-fast SSD - truly awesome.

      Also - WTF - this should never be patentable.
      This is not an invention worthy of patent.
      It does nothing novel that is not implicit in the problem statement.
      'I want a non-volatile RAM'.

      RAM Disk.

    2. Re:Less interesting than the writer thinks. by TheRealMindChild · · Score: 1

      It's not a case of put one of these magical DIMMs in, and you're fine for power cuts

      No, you aren't. The CPU state, Video Card, Sound Card, etc states will all be wiped out. The only use I can see is to salvage the word document you spent the last two hours not saving

      --

      "When life gives you lemons, don't make lemonade. Make life take the lemons back!" -- Cave Johnson
    3. Re:Less interesting than the writer thinks. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Having to save was fine back in the days when it took 20 seconds to save to disk. These days, every change should be able to be saved and logged to a change log on a second by second basis. Saving should be banished and everything should be able to be rolled forward and back. People keep saying computers are more than fast enough, so put that extra power to actual useful things.

    4. Re:Less interesting than the writer thinks. by wbav · · Score: 2

      Actually, I think you're over-estimating the task.

      Since most "critical" tasks such as writing to a disk or communicating over the network already require handling of drop outs (SATA is hot swappable, most communication is USB based which can cut out) it should be as simple as retrying those tasks when the power comes back on. In theory this should be able to handle power drop outs. You might have to alter the OS to have effectively a journal with respect to the CPU/other hardware, but that's not a terrible problem to solve.

      Just because current OSes can't handle this gracefully doesn't mean they won't in the near future.

      As to being able to patent this, if the solution is so obvious and straight forward, why hasn't this been done for years? The patents likely refer to solving various problems in integrating an ultracap with a DIMM.

      --

      =================
      Unix is very user friendly, it's just picky about who its friends are.
    5. Re:Less interesting than the writer thinks. by pinkushun · · Score: 2

      TFA tells us the technology will not be targeted towards PC's, but for RAID controllers.

      I guess it could help against data loss in critical systems, combined with disk caching it can offer nice responsive write times.

    6. Re:Less interesting than the writer thinks. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Which is exactly what happens if you use most web apps. Also, doesn't didn't OS X switch over to auto-saving only like you describe recently?

    7. Re:Less interesting than the writer thinks. by JoeMerchant · · Score: 1

      It's an awesome SSD speedup device.

      While the basic concept may not be patentable, within the present patent system I'm sure there's plenty of details of implementation that can be patented, since nobody seems to be able to make the "obvious to one skilled in the art" clause fly with a jury.

    8. Re:Less interesting than the writer thinks. by Gordonjcp · · Score: 1

      The patents likely refer to solving various problems in integrating an ultracap with a DIMM.

      That's probably down to refreshing the memory. Dynamic RAM is much more power-hungry than static RAM. Static RAM is just a bunch of flip-flops that latch either into 1 or 0 - make them with tiny CMOS gates and they can hold their state as long as power is applied and draw hardly any current, but you need a lot of gates so the die is large, density is low and the part is expensive.

      Dynamic RAM contains thousands - or these days, more like millions - of tiny capacitors that need to be kept charged. Over time the voltage across the capacitor leaks away and the memory is corrupted, and worse than that if you read a bit it discharges instantly! So, the circuits on the DRAM chip refresh the memory every time it is read. Now, on old 1980s home computers this was often tied into drawing the video output, so that all the memory would be "read" but with the output disconnected so it didn't interfere with other things the CPU was doing. These days DRAM is controlled by a chip on the motherboard, but the refresh still happens and still takes a lot of power.

    9. Re:Less interesting than the writer thinks. by TheRealMindChild · · Score: 3, Insightful

      You don't want this, the same as you really don't want a "never reboot" PC.

      Saving to disk is an explicit action of "This is at a state I want it to be in". If it is persistent, for instance, and my kids/cat/whatever edit it beyond repair, I don't want that existing instead of my work. You could argue about rolling back, based on your logging suggestion, but you just made a simple paradigm into an over-engineered tedium. Also, think about having to play back that log every time you opened it, multitudes of keystrokes and menu commands could be needed before it is ready.

      --

      "When life gives you lemons, don't make lemonade. Make life take the lemons back!" -- Cave Johnson
    10. Re:Less interesting than the writer thinks. by __aaltlg1547 · · Score: 1

      Also - WTF - this should never be patentable. This is not an invention worthy of patent. It does nothing novel that is not implicit in the problem statement. 'I want a non-volatile RAM'.

      So what? The PROBLEM is obvious. You shouldn't be able to patent the idea of a FLASH-backed DRAM module, but if you do something clever to make it work, that cleverness can be patented, so anybody else who makes a flash-backed DRAM module will have to do it another way.

    11. Re:Less interesting than the writer thinks. by YrWrstNtmr · · Score: 1

      Having to save was fine back in the days when it took 20 seconds to save to disk. These days, every change should be able to be saved and logged to a change log on a second by second basis. Saving should be banished and everything should be able to be rolled forward and back. People keep saying computers are more than fast enough, so put that extra power to actual useful things.

      So now I have to go through a 600 line changelog to find the version from 10 minutes ago that I was pleased with.
      There would need to be some sort of used defined keyframe functionality to say "I want this version (for now)". I know...I can hit the 'Save' button.

    12. Re:Less interesting than the writer thinks. by __aaltlg1547 · · Score: 1

      Having to save was fine back in the days when it took 20 seconds to save to disk. These days, every change should be able to be saved and logged to a change log on a second by second basis. Saving should be banished and everything should be able to be rolled forward and back. People keep saying computers are more than fast enough, so put that extra power to actual useful things.

      Unless you're working with big files. The DRAM on my computer can easily handle 2GB files. At SATA3 data transmission rates, it would take more than 3 seconds to transmit over the bus, but the devices in typical computers can't keep up with SATA3 on a sustained basis. If you have 8GB RAM, you need 8GB to cache it and it takes more than 12 seconds on a typical system. Not to mention that the caching operation can't take place without interrupting whatever process you're doing because it requires the bus. You'd need a different architecture with an independent bus to minimize the impact of the caching operations on the foreground processes.

    13. Re:Less interesting than the writer thinks. by Cinder6 · · Score: 1

      Or you could do it like OS X does it: Auto-save, and implicit saves make snapshots that you can then roll back to. No having to wade through tons of keystrokes, no ridiculous overhead.

      It's not a perfect system (for instance, snapshots aren't persistent across systems if you copy/move the file; they're stored on the local machine. I actually tried to get it to sync over Dropbox via symlinking, but ran into permissions problems. Maybe someone else will have/has had more luck.), but it works pretty well. I find I use it a lot less than I'd anticipated, though.

      --
      If you can't convince them, convict them.
    14. Re:Less interesting than the writer thinks. by rrohbeck · · Score: 1

      Meh. That's been done with conventional RAM, flash and ultracapacitors for years, for example in Fujitsu's DX80. Even PCI RAID controllers do that now, for example LSI's CacheVault option for the newer MegaRAIDs.

    15. Re:Less interesting than the writer thinks. by jon3k · · Score: 1

      ok I'll bite, why would I not want a "never reboot" PC?

    16. Re:Less interesting than the writer thinks. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Wait for some multiple of the time between keystrokes/changes, and if the user waits longer than this, consider that a "change."

    17. Re:Less interesting than the writer thinks. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      I sort of agree with you. The user wants a touchstone of "I saved this in a known good state at this time". It's nice to be able to capture all the intermediate changes as a log that can be rolled back, if required, but this should be the exception, not the rule. This level of detail should be hidden at or below the filesystem level, and only used when disaster happens.

    18. Re:Less interesting than the writer thinks. by drsmithy · · Score: 1

      So now I have to go through a 600 line changelog to find the version from 10 minutes ago that I was pleased with.

      On a Linux system maybe. Other systems will build a decent UI around it so the end user can do revolutionary and unpredictable things like specify "I want to see what this document looked like ten minutes ago".

      There would need to be some sort of used defined keyframe functionality to say "I want this version (for now)". I know...I can hit the 'Save' button.

      Indeed. Fortunately the idea of a "release" has been around in a version control system for a few decades.

    19. Re:Less interesting than the writer thinks. by TheRealMindChild · · Score: 2

      If you ever had to developed for a PDA, it is immediately obvious, but maybe not for everyone else. Once a program runs wild, eats all the memory, crashes a service, you need to reboot, but there is no such thing. Ultimately, you end up having to yank the battery if you want anything like a reboot

      --

      "When life gives you lemons, don't make lemonade. Make life take the lemons back!" -- Cave Johnson
    20. Re:Less interesting than the writer thinks. by jon3k · · Score: 1

      Oh, you mean a device that CAN'T be rebooted, not one that REQUIRES it. Like, my Android phone never needs to be rebooted, but if something happened I COULD, versus say Windows that REQUIRES regular reboots. Absolutely agree, of course.

    21. Re:Less interesting than the writer thinks. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      DRAM is not more power-hungry than SRAM. First, SRAM uses inverters tied to each other, using flip-flops is a LOT more gates for back to back SR latches. SRAM is about 6 mosfets while DRAM is just 1. Either the SRAM sets the bitline and power is drawn from the inverters, or the bitline is set from the single mosfet and the sense amp drives the bitline. But, when it comes to writing, you only have to charge a gate capacitance for DRAM, while you have to fight with looped inverters in SRAM to change the logic which takes more power.

  8. Great idea, by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    this will do wonders for security. Oh wait.

    1. Re:Great idea, by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yeah, that was my first thought.

      If everything is in non-volatile RAM, what good is pulling the plug on your encrypted computer when they break down the door?

      For that matter, how much value will encryption have?

    2. Re:Great idea, by zer0sig · · Score: 1

      If you aren't using incendiary or at least EMP/magnetics in your critical nonencrypted and poorly-defended infrastructure, your tech is an assault weapon-wielding albatross around your neck.

  9. I don't see it by Zuriel · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Okay, I've broken the Slashdot rule and read the article.

    Can anyone tell me why this is so much better than traditional RAM with a SATA attached SSD? Or using hibernate to disk with an SSD? Is SATA so slow and laggy that there's a big benefit to attaching flash chips to our RAM slots?

    Retaining data in RAM without power is cool as a technical feat, but my SSD doesn't take long to fill my RAM chips.

    1. Re:I don't see it by sco08y · · Score: 5, Funny

      Okay, I've broken the Slashdot rule and read the article.

      Can anyone tell me why ...

      No, because we didn't break the damned rule! Now, do you see why we have it?

    2. Re:I don't see it by volsung · · Score: 1

      One of the advantages laptops have over desktop computers is effectively a built-in, relatively lightweight UPS. When someone kicks out the cord on my laptop, I don't even notice, but on my desktop, that would be very annoying. If some upgraded RAM/Flash + operating system support would allow hibernation on a desktop when the power was cut, that would be very handy. Some thought would have to be given to how this should interact with filesystems, since the hard drive would instantly lose power as well. Any writes in progress would have to be reattempted when the system booted up again.

      Of course, the main problem is that laptops are quickly becoming people's desktops, and that might kill the market for this before it even starts.

    3. Re:I don't see it by 1u3hr · · Score: 1

      If some upgraded RAM/Flash + operating system support would allow hibernation on a desktop when the power was cut, that would be very handy.

      You don't need upgraded RAM.

      Just a capacitor that can power teh sytem for 10 seconds to allow a graceful suspend. Cost trivial.

      Spend a few dollars and you could get something to last a few minutes, have it set off a beeping countdown which you could interrupt by plugging it back in.

      But I guess that the people who know they need this aren't enough to justify the feature, and so they are forced to spend a hundred times as much to get a full on UPS.

      I've got dodgy home electric wiring, damp rises up and shorts it out a few times a year in storms. Or geckos get in the breaker box and electrocute themselves. I just got a surge protector and swear when the power goes off.

    4. Re:I don't see it by TheLink · · Score: 1

      I have a UPS for the desktop. I live in a 3rd world tropical country. So it does come in useful every now and then.

      FWIW, my desktop doesn't wake up from suspend properly - the networking stuff goes weird. My work laptop doesn't have such problems. However my laptop takes quite a long time to hibernate and restore from hibernate (I tend to run a lot of things... ).

      Another thing to think about regarding hibernation vs suspend: if your HDD transfers at 100MB/sec and you've used up 16GB of RAM, it'll take at least 160 seconds to read 16GB from the disk (assuming no compression tech). SSDs will take about 40 seconds. Don't be surprised if it takes longer due to fragmentation and overheads.

      You won't need to wait those 40-160 seconds if you're waking up from suspend. Nonvolatile ram can reduce/eliminate the need for hibernation.

      --
    5. Re:I don't see it by Belial6 · · Score: 1

      It seems the better solution for that use case would be to put a battery in the desktop's power supply.

    6. Re:I don't see it by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      This is interesting as memory for the SSD itself, so that writes only go to the flash when the device powers down. This could reduce the number of writes to the NAND chips considerably if the SSD is used heavily as a cache or swap device.

    7. Re:I don't see it by JoeMerchant · · Score: 1

      I think it's cool from a systems perspective in that I can make a system without any support for SATA interfaces or drives, smaller, cheaper, maybe faster maybe not, but a driveless system takes less silicon and less power.

    8. Re:I don't see it by jon3k · · Score: 1

      so they are forced to spend a hundred times as much to get a full on UPS.

      You mean tens of dollars. Which I will choose buying a UPS over fiddling around with capacitors. Not worth my time.

    9. Re:I don't see it by ByronHope · · Score: 1

      OLTP database systems. The bottleneck for transaction systems is hardening transactions. It's the D in ACID (atomicity, consistency, isolation, durability). If you can harden a transaction in RAM, throughput will be amazing.

    10. Re:I don't see it by bored · · Score: 1

      I don't think windows saves/restores the entire RAM range on hibernate/resume. AFAIK, only the kernel/non pagable and dirty pages are flushed, the rest is simply marked paged out. Then when you resume it reverse the whole thing and starts to fault in pages.

      So the average user probably isn't initially moving more than a hundred or two megs of stuff in a multi gigabyte system before the system starts to respond. Especially if most of the ram was disk cache (or other garbage that won't be saved/restored).

      That is why the system seems to beat the disk up for a few seconds/minutes after a resume and tends to be a little sluggish at first.

    11. Re:I don't see it by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'm still wondering how I've gotten this far down the page without having seen a single objection to ram content becoming non-volitile from those with a lean towards privacy. Do you seriously want your in-RAM decryption keys preserved for the convenience offered?

    12. Re:I don't see it by TheLink · · Score: 1

      well even on my 4GB laptop it sure takes a while to become usable. Hard to decide which is faster - hibernating or just rebooting and restarting stuff ;).

      Restarting stuff takes more human interaction so I stick to restoring from hibernation and do something else.

      --
  10. New Memory Technologies - The Impact by RudyHartmann · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Since computers began we have had hierarchal memory systems. Cache is the most expensive, but the fastest. DRAM is much cheaper slower and denser, but also volatile. Flash is faster than rotating media, slower than DRAM, but non-vloatile. It also has the drawback of limited programming cycles. Magnetic media is very dense, non-vloatile and slow. It is also mechanicly delicate. There are new technologies being developed that are both fast, dense, and non-volatile. With a fast enough, cheap and non-volatile memroy system, you would not need cache, RAM or disk. You could use on unified memory system. This is where I think many syustems are going. Windows, Linux, or OSX have nothing to do with it. Though they will all be greatly impacted.

    --
    Oh, yeah! Wise guy, huh? Woob woob woob woob! Nyuk! Nyuk!
    1. Re:New Memory Technologies - The Impact by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      With a fast enough, cheap and non-volatile memroy system, you would not need cache, RAM or disk. .

      Well, that's the rub isn't it? We have always had hierarchical memory systems for exactly the reasons you state and there is certainly nothing on the horizon to believe that that is going to change. Until someone comes up with something that is faster, cheaper, denser and non-volatile there will continue to be trade-offs between these. We still use tape for really dense and really slow applications, and despite the many predictions of the HDD, those don't look to be going away any time soon.

    2. Re:New Memory Technologies - The Impact by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Interesting

      At 4 GZ light can only propagate 7.49 cm in one clock cycle. Communication in a computer is slower than the speed of light so the cache has to be physically very close to the CPU and preferably on the same die. That means that a harddisk at the end of a cable is completely out of the question to replace cache even if the harddisk could satisfy IO requests in zero seconds - the time to get the signal to the harddisk and back through the cable would be a limiting factor. Now you could imagine the CPU and harddisk being built together as one unit, effectively using non-volatile on-die cache as a harddisk - that might work. If nothing else, it would give us another use for all those transistors that we are currently using on increasing the number of cores on a die - adding more cores will probably stop being useful for most tasks at some point. This won't be a cheap kind of storage any time soon, though.

    3. Re:New Memory Technologies - The Impact by Just+Some+Guy · · Score: 1

      Since computers began we have had hierarchal memory systems.

      And always will. It's physically impossible for distant RAM to be as fast as CPU registers (the lowest addressable layer of the hierarchy). I don't imagine a future where fast random-access modules will have the capacity of slower stores that have the luxury of time to do their work. For instance, add "cloud storage" or "network fileserver" as yet another common layer of that hierarchy. It's many orders of magnitude slower than my laptop's memory, but my laptop doesn't have 100TB of RAM.

      No, that hierarchy isn't going anywhere. I love that we have previously-unheard of fast storage available in cheap, small packages, but that's been accompanied by an ever greater demand for huge quantities of slower storage.

      --
      Dewey, what part of this looks like authorities should be involved?
    4. Re:New Memory Technologies - The Impact by Kjella · · Score: 1

      There are new technologies being developed that are both fast, dense, and non-volatile. With a fast enough, cheap and non-volatile memroy system, you would not need cache, RAM or disk.

      No matter how dense memory technology you use you can put a 32K L1 cache much closer to where it's needed than a 16GB main memory. One is simply hundred thousands of times bigger. That means lower latency and higher performance, so cache is here to say. Here's is for example the latency figures for L1/L2/L3/memory for Ivy Bridge:

      L1: 1 ns
      L2: 3.0 ns
      L3: 3.8 ns
      Memory: 39.2 ns

      Sure you could do it without the cache... if you want to wait 40 times as long. And it's not just to say that you will make a 1ns memory then, at the speed of electricity (about 2/3rds of light) you get about a 10 cm round trip in 1ns with absolutely no transistors in the way. In practice, you'll probably never get off the die before your time is up.

      --
      Live today, because you never know what tomorrow brings
    5. Re:New Memory Technologies - The Impact by bratmobile · · Score: 2

      Uhhh, no. The cache hierarchy was added over time. The first few generations of computers did not have caches at all. Even the processors that powered a lot of early PC-era computers did not have caches, unless you count the registers. For example, 8086/8088 did not have cache, 6502 did not have cache, 6800 did not have cache, 68000 did not have cache, etc. Cache hierarchies were added later.

      The cache hierarchy also continually changes, albeit at a slow pace. Current generation CPUs typically have a 3-level cache, but the cache hierarchy in GPUs is quite different. Also, you have to take into account cache-coherent architectures (easy to program, inherently non-scalable) vs. non-coherent architectures (harder to program, far more scalable). It's not the case that you just always want more and more cache -- you want the right kind and size cache for the problem you are working on. For example, GPUs have a lot of local, read-only non-coherent caches, used for texture sampling and for constant buffers. These are very specialized caches, that don't look much like the general-purpose caches used in the L2 and L3 caches of CPUs. (The L1 I-cache and D-cache in a CPU is also very specialized, but differently specialized than a GPU cache.)

    6. Re:New Memory Technologies - The Impact by RudyHartmann · · Score: 1

      Actually, you bring up an excellent point. I actually meant to refer to external memory systems. The speed of light is an absolute barrier which obviates the physical placement of a very high performance system. I can't imagine any replacement for an on-chip cache. But memristors, phase change memory and magnetoresistive external memory systems have made me hopeful. How exactly files would be stored in such a system and booting I think would create some interesting new retrieval and storage solutions.

      --
      Oh, yeah! Wise guy, huh? Woob woob woob woob! Nyuk! Nyuk!
    7. Re:New Memory Technologies - The Impact by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Ahhh, I was waiting for this reply. The earliest computers had minuscule memory, but there was always another tier of memory. Sometimes it was punchcards, magnetic tape, or even sheets of paper that are then entered manually.

  11. you really want code to get stuck in ram and leak by Joe_Dragon · · Score: 1

    you really want code to get stuck in ram and leak???

    I like the reboot to start clean

  12. this is good! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Funny

    now a reboot of windows won't solve anything!

    1. Re:this is good! by DigiShaman · · Score: 1

      Ditto for clearing out rootkits and other forms of malware. Even if you swap the internal drive. You'll end up having to swap the RAM too.

      --
      Life is not for the lazy.
  13. Good idea, by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    this will do wonders for security.

  14. WTF by __aaltlg1547 · · Score: 1

    WTF is a non-volatile dynamic RAM?

  15. Freescale MRAM by SpaceManFlip · · Score: 2

    Motorola's spinoff co. Freescale already developed an arguably better concept based on magnetically-stored bits called MRAM. Unfortunately they never got it to scale freely enough to make actual DIMM modules with it. What they do have is lots of types of embedded memory chips for small applications, embedded systems and whatnot. Those are on the market now.
    The MRAM concept would be awesome if they ever got it onto a PC or server motherboard, though. It requires zero power to retain its data, since the individual flipping bit states are stored by tiny magnets. That means you could turn your computer on/off just like a dumb appliance like an old TV set or radio, and you'd still be right where you left off (like S3 sleep state with no power supplied). Or you could cease worrying about battery backup systems, since it could lose power and come right back.

  16. Nothing new under the sun ... by Alain+Williams · · Score: 5, Interesting

    I remember some 40 years ago using a PDP-7. When I got tired at about 4am I would note the accumulator and program counter and switch the machine off. Coming back later I restored these and continued the program - it having remained in the core memory that the machine had.

    1. Re:Nothing new under the sun ... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Punch cards were awesome also.

    2. Re:Nothing new under the sun ... by rrohbeck · · Score: 1

      And if you trashed the boot loader you had to toggle it back in by hand :)
      Good times.

    3. Re:Nothing new under the sun ... by jovius · · Score: 1

      The times when you were part of the core memory.

  17. Tired of the hacks by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    This is nothing more than battery backed disk storage used by ram sans and array controllers for years. Only the packaging is different...but yea go ahead and grant them patents anyway.

    I'm sick of hacks I want persistant storage with infinite read/write cycles at least as dense as flash and performant as dram. Lets get ReRam or something working ... enough crappy hacks.

  18. Are we forgetting something here? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    Okay you morons, wake up! Did we already forget the lesson about encryption keys being recoverable in RAM by rebooting into a minimal kernel and cooling the chips? And now you want ram that is capable of permanently storing those keys?!

    Come here so I can beat all of you senseless with a large cluebat...

    1. Re:Are we forgetting something here? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You are the one that needs to be beaten by the cluebat. You want to deny a completely new technology that will enable massive advances and which you won't be able to stop anyway because of a very narrow application (encryption), which will surely be tweaked to deal with the new technology.

      Get a life.

  19. The death of software support by petes_PoV · · Score: 1

    What this means is that the support dept's favourite saying "switch it off and on again" won't work. If this takes off, they'll have to actually start diagnosing and fixing software faults.

    On the upside, maybe then we'll get better quality software .... no, I didn't think so either.

    --
    politicians are like babies' nappies: they should both be changed regularly and for the same reasons
    1. Re:The death of software support by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No, in the short-run, there will have to be an equivalent of "switch it off and on again", or there will be massive outcry.

  20. Two use-cases by dskoll · · Score: 1

    Two obvious use-cases: A mail spool directory and a database transaction log directory. Both can benefit enormously from RAM speeds yet must survive power failures. As a bonus, they don't usually use that much storage, so a few GB or tens of GB is probably fine.

  21. Does Slashdot by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    Does Slashdot charge for obvious advertisements like this one?

  22. Re:You know who has no future by YrWrstNtmr · · Score: 2

    Your Worst Fucking Nightmare,
    Clint


    ahem...

  23. Useless stunt by TuringCheck · · Score: 1

    A classic suspend-to-disk to a SSD partition or file is more efficient as the operating system knows which memory area needs to be saved and which not (not in use, disk cache, code, bus mastering areas).
    At resume time the operating system needs to reinitialize the hardware and check anyway if the memory contents is still valid. Not that much for an embedded system with components welded to the board - but then you won't have memory as modules.

  24. Re:You know who has no future by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Ha! Well played!

  25. This has existed for years by guruevi · · Score: 1

    Even before SSD drives came into the mainstream (I had a 1MB SSD in my 80286 which had 8ms latency) this technique already existed:

    - 5.25" RAM drive with Flash (CF) backup from Acard as well as the DDRDrive which is a plugin card
    - HyperDrive RAM-based SSD which was a PATA solution
    - Rack mount systems (NAS, DAS) which were basically RAM and batteries with a few either SSD's or even HDD's as backup solution. TI's RAMSAN for example.
    - SAN based "accelerators" which sat on FibreChannel
    - 2.5" and 3.5" SAS and FC RAM disks which had SLC as backup from STEC and a few other manufacturers. Sure they cost $15k/drive but they have been available for about a decade now.

    --
    Custom electronics and digital signage for your business: www.evcircuits.com
    1. Re:This has existed for years by rdebath · · Score: 1

      Yup, After a short web search I have a solid sightings for you from http://www.storagesearch.com/

      1997 - in the SSD market
      Bridgeworks designed a RAM SSD with hard drive backup. Sales Director - David Trossell told me - "It was a little ahead of its time and the company dropped it after poor sales."

      And later, once Flash was big enough your nice little ramsan ...

      Houston, Texas - July 22, 2008 - Texas Memory Systems today launched the world's fastest SSD - the RamSan-440,

      The RamSan-440 is a 4U rackmount fibre-channel connected RAM SSD with upto 512GB of storage capacity. It can sustain up to 600,000 random IOPS and over 4GB/second of random read or write bandwidth, with latency of less than 15 microseconds.

      the RamSan-440 is a 4U RAM SSD delivering 600,000 random IOPS - click for more info

      It's the first RAM SSD to use RAIDed flash memory modules for data backup (instead of hard disk) and the first system to incorporate Texas Memory Systems' patented IO2 (Instant-On Input-Output) technology.

  26. Revolution, yeah by Xamusk · · Score: 1

    Yes, this is a revolution. When everybody has RAM that keeps content when powered off, this will revolutionize computer forensics and malware information gathering.

    1. Re:Revolution, yeah by rrohbeck · · Score: 1

      Yes! Finally the encryption keys for my disk will be saved when I turn off my laptop!
      Finally I won't have to enter the passphrase every time I turn in on!
      Oh, wait...

    2. Re:Revolution, yeah by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      +1. If I had mod points I'd give them to parent. Now you don't have to worry about flash-freezing the RAM from a running box to capture the keys! This is just a bad idea. There are already systems and methods in place for hibernate / resume that have less security implications and can be disabled easily as needed. At the hardware level, all bets are off. Some might say you could have a switch in the BIOS to enable/disable the functionality, but who's to say a software error or design decision wouldn't see memory contents winding up on non-volatile regardless?

      Also, the idea of RAM being a simple device that flushes on restart is a good thing. If software borks the system, you restart, and the system is fresh. This just adds another piece that's very low level that could create further headaches.

  27. Encrypt Thy Ram by ilikenwf · · Score: 2

    Otherwise it'll be a big privacy hole - it'd be easy for jackbooted thugs to see what you were up to, just by pulling your DIMMs.

  28. Horrible Idea by Murdoch5 · · Score: 1

    They still can't manage to make a good OS, shouldn't they get that right before they jump into Memory and screw that up

  29. Article Issues by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The original article mentions patents 8,200,885 and 8,200,929 then mentions prior art (Gigabyte’s i-RAM).

    The article also talks about installing Windows on these modules, as if it is the only operating system.

    What a shame.

  30. Too Small!!! by ThePeices · · Score: 1

    I read TFA. Saw a picture of the DIMM and it said in big bold letters, AGIGARAM...

    A gig of ram? Is that all?

    Too small, do not want. /s

  31. Line? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    You would stand in a line? Caveman...

  32. Not there yet by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    This would seem to only harden transactions at power-down, not on an ongoing basis.

  33. Superfetch will be a problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Windows Superfetch breaks damn near every disk caching scheme in existence. This product would probably be better suited for 'nix based platforms that do not suffer from "M$ knows best!" syndrome.

  34. fanb01i by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    this is something that I instantly will want and will stand in line for."
    awww, another little apple-like-fanb0i, hey?

  35. this already exists by slashmydots · · Score: 1

    Considering the first RAM drive I saw was on Tech TV before G4 bought it, I think they have pretty solid ones designed now. Also, considering an enclosure and a buttload of RAM sticks takes like 20W to run so a UPS could run it for days, anyone could build something even faster and better-ish right now.

  36. Uh yeah, right by stoatwblr · · Score: 1
    Isn't that a BBU module hanging off the side of the arxcis module?

    If this really does work it'll be tremendously useful - even if 20 years later than predicted (Yes, flash-backed ram modules were being touted as the next big thing that long ago)