Mayor Bloomberg Battles Fleet Owners Over NYC 'Taxi of Tomorrow'
An anonymous reader writes "In April, Mayor Mike Bloomberg announced that the Nissan NV200 minivan had won a citywide competition to replace the current cab model, the Ford Crown Victoria, in a phased-in period of five years. Cab owners sued, pointing out that New York City law requires that hybrid electric models be available for immediate use for cab medallion owners; that excludes the current Nissan NV200, with its 2.0 liter, 4-cylinder engine rated at a combined 24 mpg. The NV200 also has poor accessibility for wheelchair users. After a state judge blocked the mayor's plan, Bloomberg allegedly told the CEO of Taxi Club Management at a private club, 'Come January 1st, when I am out of office, I am going to destroy your f--king industry.' Tim Fernholz of Quartz speculates that Bloomberg (a billionaire) may be planning to launch a cab-hailing service like Uber, which was just allowed back onto the streets of New York, with significant limitations."
After a state judge blocked the mayor's plan, Bloomberg allegedly told the CEO of Taxi Club Management at a private club, 'Come January 1st, when I am out of office, I am going to destroy your f--king industry.'
And once again, Slashdot lowers itself to the level of the Nationa Enquirer with titalating rumor and inuendo. And this is "News for Nerds"? Oh yes, Slashdot shit-canned that moniker. Probably because it is no longer factually true.
OH! Wait! There's a reference to an electric car! OK, I'm sorry, I'm totally wrong. Great "scoop", Mr. "Editor" Soulskill...
If you want news from today, you have to come back tomorrow.
You can still get a cab in manhattan for a profitable trip. What is uber going to change?
Not like drivers are going to take on an unprofitable trip just because of the Internet
Don't piss off the rich guy.
Sheesh, evil *and* a jerk. -- Jade
He was rich before he ran for office. The "nanny state" thing is a hobby for him.
-jcr
The only title of honor that a tyrant can grant is "Enemy of the State."
I wouldn't say it's communism. It's more cronyism or nepotism.
This is my signature. There are many like it, but this one is mine.
Here's a man with so much obscene money than he has a right to, and thinks he can buy what he wants if he can't get it any other way. First it's gun control, then it's a police state, and now it's his own taxi monopoly (along with whatever kickback he and his cronies are getting from this backroom deal). Bloomberg is a plague on society, a grown man who is prone to throwing tantrums when he doesn't get his way, and enough money in his pocket to crush anyone that stands in his way.
I can't wait until the feds get enough hair on their balls to take him down. Anyone with that much money is bound to have broken some law, somewhere, sometime.
He was a billionaire before he was mayor.
W..w..W - Willy Waterloo washes Warren Wiggins who is washing Waldo Woo.
Perhaps the City government shouldn't concern itself with mandating an exact model of vehicle to be used by all taxi companies.
Obviously Bloomberg is going to fund the installation of a Personal Rapid Transit system with 100% coverage of the metro area, plus extensions to commuter parking lots upstate and in New Jersey. PRT proponents rejoice! Bloomberg will prove once and for all that PRT works!
Or...
Bloomberg is an entitled asshole rich kid who can vent whenever he wants because he's too rich for anybody around him to tell him to STFU.
Gee. I wonder which is more likely...
It would be so much better. More taxis, cheaper rates, being able to order taxis from your iPhones... but given that the going rate to buy a medallion is over a million dollars nowadays (based on my convo w/ a taxi driver who had done just that recently), there's a ton of interest against that. If only, if only.
Nothing wrong from taking a page from the LEO sales and having Chrysler make a taxi (given they're the only manufacturer left that's willing to make American form factor cars these days).
Then again, had Ford decided to not listen to Al Gore by killing all their American lineup (including the Crown Vic) we wouldnt have this problem.
Twitter supports and protects racists - by smearing their critics with the "Hate Speech" label.
Yes, Bloomberg is an asshole, and no, he's not the only one. But your garden variety asshole is not necessarily in a position of having more power than god. Assholes with billions of dollars and assholes who are politicians are making their assholism a problem for other people. And assholes with billions of dollars AND political power are making their assholism a problem for EVERYBODY.
The asshole police should have beaten this scum black and blue silly and locked him away forever a LOOONG time ago. Oh wait ... there are no asshole police ...
The phrase is "crony capitalism". To be vociferously distinguished from "free-market capitalism", which it subverts.
This post expresses my opinion, not that of my employer. And yes, IAAL.
A 2 litre engined vehicle that only manages 24mpg? It's shocking how inefficient US cars are compared to those in Europe. Even Cosworth engined RS Ford Escorts did better over 20 years ago. The fact that it is a Nissan makes it even more surprising.
"Wait. Something's happening. It's opening up! My God, it's full of apricots!"
Being from Tennessee, I don't see much difference between Bloomberg and out set of politicos. All immediately circumspect out of the gate. The only way to rid the landscape of losers and abusers of the public trust (like Bloomberg) is through organizations like Change.org and social awareness. Bloomberg is just one more petty tyrant. If you want him out, get it done. I used to piss and moan and bitch about everything that is wrong in our country. That's fine as far as it goes. If I complain and watch from the sidelines, nothing gets done. Personally, I'm done with that method of survival. :)
Minivan taxis? More cars that sedans can't see past. Expect more rear-enders.
Actually he is doing what needs to be done. That is upgrading the Taxi system equipment and taking the corrupt owners to task. Even better, introduce other methods of moving people about in that overcrowded city. How much fuel is wasted by slow moving, congested, low efficiency transportation?
Mankind has made it abundantly clear it must have guidance lest it fall on it's ass repeatedly.
What I don't understand is why there appears to be some monolithic entity designating the specific model of taxi cab for the entire city. Shouldn't each taxi company/cab owner be able to choose what car(s)/van(s) they want to use? Besides designating a paint scheme and setting some requirements (display of medallion, cleanliness of cab, etc) the city should butt out. It sounds to me like there is a lot of shady dealings & backdoor hand shaking going on.
He was a billionaire before he was mayor.
And here I thought it was the job that made him an arrogant prick.
Thanks for clearing that up.
A 2 litre engined vehicle that only manages 24mpg? It's shocking how inefficient US cars are compared to those in Europe. Even Cosworth engined RS Ford Escorts did better over 20 years ago. The fact that it is a Nissan makes it even more surprising.
That was 24 mpg combined. I didn't read the article. But if they tested in actual NYC cab conditions, then I'm not surprised. Actually, it's better than I would have guessed. Manufacturers mpg numbers are pretty dicey to begin with. NYC roads are jokingly refereed to as "driving on the moon". These cabs are also typically loaded with at least two people. mpg ratings are taken with just a driver. Driving in Manhattan is much more stop and go than normal city mpg tests. Cab drivers also tend to be a lot less careful about using the gas pedal.
That being said, if the 24 mpg rating was not calculated from actual NYC driving, it is pretty bad. I currently have one 10 and one 12 year old car, both with V8 engines that get close to that(combined). One is a sports car and I don't beat it, but I also don't baby it.
On thing to keep in mind when comparing miles per "gallon" - the UK when it used gallons used the Imperial gallon, which is larger than the US gallon (4.55L vs 3.78L, respectively). A car that gets 24 miles per US gallon would get nearly 29 miles per Imperial gallon.
"People who think they know everything are very annoying to those of us who do."-Mark Twain
I've not got a strong opinion about Bloomberg but there is something wrong with the taxi business and its close relationship to retiring police cars. Other than some hardened suspension components, there is nothing about a police car that makes a good cab vehicle.
Also, how in the world does an 'elected public servant' get into the billionaire club?
As others have noted, that reverses the timeline; he became a billionaire before he became a mayor.
but thanks to California's fucked up emissions laws, diesels aren't something that can be called eco-friendly here).
They sell diesels here in California now, with the availability of low-sulfur diesel fuel.
Also, how in the world does an 'elected public servant' get into the billionaire club?
I find this AC's post psychologically fascinating. Bloomberg is one of the most famous billionaires on the planet and has been for decades. The AC's question implies he knows nothing about that but he's happy to accept the rumor and come to the firm conclusion Bloomberg is being a jerk rather than (say) reacting to one.
And please, this not a defense of Bloomberg or an attack on the AC, it's a fascination at how susceptible people are to potential propaganda (including myself).
And did you exchange a walk on part in the war for a lead role in a cage? - Pink Floyd.
or is there something seriously wrong with our entire economy when one guy can threaten to destroy an entire (very profitable) industry, and the threat is credible? Seriously, why do we tolerate individuals having this much power/wealth? Hell, what the *bleep* is wrong with the world when the mayor of a city can amass 27 Billion (with a 'B') dollars?
ok... done venting.
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Airports. Those are people commuting between cities.
And in general, comfort. Sure, we mostly fit into small cars. I love having fun in a tricked out Fiesta. But when I spend more than 1/2 hour in a car not having fun, I want it to be spacious, like my house.
Even before all Americans were obese, we loved our space.
--Jim (me)
What he's talking about isnt a routing problem, it's drivers taking a break. The yellow cabs will sit at JFK for a bit (for example) then grab a $50-100 fare. Not a bad wage, considering. Routing is more of an issue with Livery. Livery (per-arranged, dispatched car service), is not allowed to pick up a street hail. And are often not "in line" at the airports. Yellow cabs can be hailed on the street and Uber offers little value over raising one's arm in the air.
Really though, Uber's problem was that they didn't want to play by the rules. There is special insurance and licenses for both Livery and yellow cab drivers in NYC, and it works pretty damn well. This is mandated by the TLC. Uber didn't want to have to bother with all that. That's why they got the boot. They also wanted to turn yellow cabs into Livery which would pretty much fuck the system and cause all prices to skyrocket as a lot of yellow cabs would sit on their asses for an hour then grab that $100 fair from midtown, rather than putting someone in the seat as soon as it becomes vacant (and actually spending that hour working).
Also Uber's contempt for regulation and public safety laws and even their own employees has been well documented:
http://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/05/nyregion/as-ubers-taxi-hailing-app-comes-to-new-york-its-legality-is-questioned.html?_r=1&
http://pandodaily.com/2012/10/17/whos-the-real-bully-uber-or-new-york/
http://pandodaily.com/2012/10/24/travis-shrugged/
Funny there are still Slashdotters (like you) making the same idiotic "screw those entrenched powers!" comments that are made fun of in one of the above links.
Incidentally I took 3 yellow cabs today, 2 subways, and a commuter rail. I have used them all countless times before (also Livery/car services). The NYC transportation systems work amazingly well. I have always paid a fair price and 98% of the time had nice drivers.
So what the fuck value does Uber bring to the table? Very little. For Livery and off-hours there is a use for them, and maybe for scheduling a ride, sure. But they need to play by the rules.
Finally, is the TLC a bunch of saints? Of course not -- they most certainly have some corrupt fat-cat bureaucratic interests, as do some of the Livery companies. But that's not *all* they are, they also have some good regulations.
People (especially on Slashdot) need to stop thinking in one-dimensional black and white. Government is neither good nor bad, but has elements of both. Uber wanted to cry "look at the entrenched bully!" while being just as big assholes themselves, with the added benefit of ignoring laws and charging a premium for it all.
I just hope they have improved over the last year as they are persistent assholes, that's for sure.
One where peoples possessions are not theirs to dispose of as they see fit? Probably, but why would you want to?
"Cursed is he who rises early in the morning..." Isiah 5:11
At the slow speed you will be going stuck in traffic in NYC, aerodynamics aren't going to save you much in fuel economy. That being the case, from a traffic optimization standpoint, you want to minimize the wheelbase/footprint of the vehicle. A van is actually more compact in terms of road space occupied for the same amount of internal volume.
with the computer both telling you how to get to your fair and the route to dropping them off
I'm imagining Google getting into the Taxi business. With no drivers at all, just per-passenger screens showing ads.
A 2 litre engined vehicle that only manages 24mpg?
Well, it weighs 3200 pounds, so that 4 cylinder probably has to suck down all the gas it can get just to get the thing moving. Plus it will probably die early carrying around that much weight. Not something you would want for a taxi. Also, for being all that heavy, they don't have a lot of interior room. I sure wouldn't want to give up a Crown Vic for one of these things, even though the Crown Vic obviously sucks down much more gas. Oh, wait, not it doesn't. It sucks down only 4 more tablespoons of gas per mile than the anemic four cylinder in the Nissan in the city and gets the same mileage as the NV200 on the highway.
If you are not allowed to question your government then the government has answered your question.
Are New Yorkers(Americans in general?) so fat that they need a truck to fit in?
That is not the reason they went with a minivan. Looking at the minivan, it is quite clear that it is not going to be more roomy or comfortable than a Crown Vic. It is less capable of hauling a fat American than the Crown Vic. It is purely a political decision.
If you are not allowed to question your government then the government has answered your question.
It is suppose to accessible to wheelchair passengers. The summery says "poor accessibility for wheelchair users" but I don't see a source for that information anywhere. If you look at pictures of the new taxi it actually looks like it would be accessible, certainly more so than the current fleet of cars.
I don't understand why we need every single car to be wheelchair accessible, when there is such a small percentage of wheelchair bound people that would need access to one. These minivans, if they are wheelchair accessible at all, are going to be an extremely tight fit and uncomfortable. Why can they not just have a small percentage of full sized vans available for wheelchair customers, and let the rest of the public ride in a comfortable, full size sedan?
If you are not allowed to question your government then the government has answered your question.
Intelligent Grouping Transportation, AKA Taxibus...
http://www.taxibus.org.uk/index.html
People summon taxibus service with their cellphones, then a computer directs a nearby driver to a curb within a block of passengers' location... while figuring out how to accomodate more than one passenger at any given time.
Large cars is a part of American culture. When I came to US in the 90's it was the end of an era these abominations. Since then an average car has gotten smaller, but not by much. It is a culture where everybody tries to conform, because when everybody drives a semi-truck getting accidentally squished between two of them in a small tin can can be painful. The gas price hike in recent years made small cars more appealing, and completely killed the Hummers
He thinks the rules do not apply to him.
https://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/24/nyregion/bloomberg-violates-weekend-helicopter-ban-and-will-stop.html?_r=0
He also wants to disarm the public but he gets to keep police protection.
If Bloomberg wants to provide technology for this industry, the customers are guaranteed to hate it. Bloomberg is in business of providing overpriced services to clients after monopolizing the data streams they need through exclusive contracts. He loses money on everything else (TV, websites, etc.) If he gets into competition with anyone, it's a good bet his competition will only look better by comparison.
Any guest worker system is indistinguishable from indentured servitude.
the particular problem i'm referring to has to deal with the cali low-emissions vehicle standards, it might be different now tbh, but at least at one point it was impossible for a diesel to qualify due to particulate matter in exhaust (that is, even a diesel with less emissions than a gasoline engine had to meet a higher standard which was basically impossible to meet).
it may have changed though.. these days i just try to learn as little about that state as possible, it's just really a mess. the land's great, the people aren't bad, but the rest? ugh
... still waiting for this free-as-in-beer free beer I keep hearing about.
You have more and more tech startups challenging the cesspool of corruption that New York City has been historically. I wonder how this turns out in the long run and who will win. For now, New Yorkers still seem to voting for Bloomberg...
It's an ideology and doesn't have to be as extreme as Mussolini or Hitler to still be fascism. It was all the rage in the US in the 1930s for instance - even Lindberg extolled it's virtues and there were enough people that thought it was a good idea that the FBI made Chaplain's life difficult because he opposed fascism.
Is Bloomberg a fascist (looking at more than one silly law about cups)? Go to the dictionary instead of thinking with your gut, or look at history and see how he compares to those 1930s US fascists.
Where in your links do they mention the breaking of public safety laws or the contempt for their own employees? "Safety" doesn't even appear in your first two links, and the third only talks about it in an abstract sense, with no real connection to Uber.
So what the fuck value does Uber bring to the table? Very little.
Well, I don't even no why we have competition and consumer liberty. We should just hire you to choose a company for each sector and give them a monopoly.
But that's not *all* they are, they also have some good regulations.
Then cite all the good regulations that Uber is breaking.
Uber wanted to cry "look at the entrenched bully!" while being just as big assholes themselves, with the added benefit of ignoring laws and charging a premium for it all.
Being assholes doesn't make them wrong.
And ignoring laws is a problem, but sometimes (and that's why you need to point to specific laws being broken) it's the law that's wrong, not the law breaker.
After all, the US as a country was founded on breaking the law.
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This is why the rest of the world uses this standardized system for units of measurements.
So, I was similarly surprised that in 2013 it is apparently still possible to build *and* sell new cars that consume 10 l/100km.
Every expression is true, for a given value of 'true'
If we are talking about American engines with their usual anemic power/weight ratio's, then probably yes. Meanwhile, the rest of the world is driving hundreds of thousands of kilometers with 1.3 l engines that deliver 100 KW or so.
Also, what's with the crazy units of measurements. 4 tablespoons per mile more - is that supposed to sound like "not a lot"? In real units of measurements, that would be around 40 ml/km or 4 l/100 km more which is an absolutely huge amount - in fact, on just that difference you can drive another small or hybrid car.
Every expression is true, for a given value of 'true'
The size of the US means that we have a large number of tractor-trailers on the road along with regular cars, especially on the highways (where crashes are the most dangerous). Since decreasing the size of the average car would make a trailer accident much more dangerous, many people want to have a larger vehicle for legitimate protection reasons. Shrinking typical consumer cars doesn't change the worse-case risk that has lead toward large cars at all.
If only some cars were capable of picking up handicapped drivers, but were otherwise more expensive to operate (i.e. higher fuel costs due to a larger size), the cab companies wouldn't use them. Also, the lack of a good city-wide dispatch system means handicapped people would have trouble finding a special cab if not all taxis could handle them. It's easily possible to provide a special type of service to those who need handicapped riding accommodations. But the profit motive in the current system means it won't happen unless it's pushed as a hard requirement. And the high price of obtaining a taxi medallion keeps all the owners very oriented toward turning a profit.
Wish Bloomberg will pick fights with opponents his size, like the NRA. A billionaire getting pissed off at some stupid cab company? NRA's power at the polls is a little over stated. Smart thing to do is to find something that is ripe for a fall, throw a stone at it and claim full credit for the fall.
sed -e 's/Chuck Norris/Rajnikant/g' joke > fact
Reading the actual article seems to support the mayor's problems with crony-capitalism. It looks like the mayors office and agencies... EXCEPT THE OWNER OF MEDALLIONS were involved in selecting the vehicle. It's nice but it wasn't selected by the independent businesses that are REQUIRED TO PURCHASE IT. That's a pretty big omission from the process no matter how shiny it is.... And it doesn't even meet CURRENT LAWS for available features required in the next version.
If only some cars were capable of picking up handicapped drivers, but were otherwise more expensive to operate (i.e. higher fuel costs due to a larger size), the cab companies wouldn't use them. Also, the lack of a good city-wide dispatch system means handicapped people would have trouble finding a special cab if not all taxis could handle them. It's easily possible to provide a special type of service to those who need handicapped riding accommodations. But the profit motive in the current system means it won't happen unless it's pushed as a hard requirement. And the high price of obtaining a taxi medallion keeps all the owners very oriented toward turning a profit.
Oddly enough, in my city, they don't mandate what type of vehicle that cabs are allowed to run, and they run all kinds of vehicles, from midsized American cars to full size and even some foreign cars. They also run wheelchair accessible Dodge Caravans or similar. Although again, I think those are only BARELY wheelchair accessible and pale in comparison to a real van. But they do run different vehicles in the fleet and the handicapped are not left unserviced.
One company, Airport Express runs nothing but vans and minivans, mostly (probably 90%) full sized vans. The minivans are kind of cramped when trying to carry full sized people and luggage.
If you are not allowed to question your government then the government has answered your question.
p.s. not NY state
London does it. Every single cab in London is wheelchair accessible, which also makes them convenient for people with strollers and luggage. It doesn't raise the cost of the car by much at all and it is a lot cheaper than having a separate "Access-A-Ride" service to shuttle disabled people around at taxpayer expense.
Not in the US...
If you really want to "destroy an industry" then allow self driving vehicles to replace cab services. People could subscribe to a car service or pay per use to have a car when they need it. The cars would automatically recharge when not needed, automatically deploy to areas of high demand, be callable with a smart phone app and station themselves at predetermined locations for non-app users. Google can integrate voice commands, local search, maps, and their field trip app so there isn't even a need to talk to a cab driver again.
When cab drivers are finding alternate ways to get customers, you've altered an industry. When cab drivers are looking for a different career, you've destroyed an industry.
That's not a third option; it perfectly describes rent control as it exists in NYC.
you are mistaking inflation for the economy. Fake economy based on inflation (theft) and borrowing money from the productive people (debt) can seem like an economy based on consumption, but the truth is that the economy is only about production. Consumption is secondary and trivial consequence of production.
It seems your church has taught you only (a very little) about the supply side of the economy. Those of us who even took high school economics know the importance of supply and demand, and that where the two intersect is where the price point ought to be for maximum profitability. Instead you are completely ignoring the demand side of economics.
Here's a question for you - what is the value of supply when demand is zero?
Answer - the supply is then worthless. And demand is driven by consumption. Consumption is not a "trivial consequence" as you try to claim, it is actually the driving force of production. There is no reason to produce anything if it has no demand.
But of course, your church tells you otherwise, because your church wants you to believe that if you hand over what little remains of the world's power and resources that are not already in the hands of the top power holders to those top power holders that great things will happen. We have seen this experiment tried before, where power and wealth are even more severely concentrated than they are currently. This experiment is called FASCISM , and it never works out well.
In other words, as usual, you are trying to make power for the powerful and fascism for the people.
So basically, they're putting a crap engine in a dump truck.
"Wait. Something's happening. It's opening up! My God, it's full of apricots!"
The reason why "large" cars have gone the way of the dodo is because large cars have been replaced by even larger trucks and SUVs. That left the car market to those that prefer smaller vehicles. Of course, a lot of larger "mid-size" cars now are comparable to the larger cars from the 80's in dimensions and especially weight. It just doesn't seem like it since interiors haven't seemed to have really grown in size, thanks to things like huge center consoles that intrude into interior space and gunslit windows that make the whole inside seem claustrophobic.
NYC is a special case because the density of taxis and taxi use is high enough that street hailing actually works pretty well. Until you need a taxi outside the major business or rich residential areas; then you need to call one. (Or if you're rich, your building's doorman calls one for you.) I haven't tried it, but hailing a cab on the street probably doesn't work well north of 100th St.
Here in Boston and surrounding towns, hailing a taxi on the street mostly fails unless you're in one of the places where times of high demand can be predicted (Landsdowne St at closing time, sports and concert venues when an event ends). Either you walk to one of the well populated taxi stands that exist in busy areas (big hotels, or busy tourist areas like Quincy Market or Harvard Square) or you call one. I suspect the story is much the same in most American cities.
Because when one hands a rent controlled apartment to ones offspring, one is disposing of ones own property, not someone elses. Moron.
"Cursed is he who rises early in the morning..." Isiah 5:11
As a former cabbie, I have undying allegiance to the Crown Vic. You simply need the horsepower, even in urban environments. The Crown Vic, or its quieter cousin the Grand Marquis, are also able to last forever if the basic maintenance intervals are taken seriously.
-- Jimtown Kelly
NYC is a special case because the density of taxis and taxi use is high enough that street hailing actually works pretty well.
The area where it works well is actually restricted to Manhattan. They had to start letting livery cabs pick up in Brooklyn because the yellow cab service was so poor out there. I have caught cabs in Harlem, but you are right they are a lot less frequent up there.
W..w..W - Willy Waterloo washes Warren Wiggins who is washing Waldo Woo.
A rent-controlled apartment is not the property of the renter.
And calling someone a moron tends to make people immediately write off your argument. Try being civil and you might be more successful in dialogues.
A rent-controlled apartment is not the property of the renter.
[rolls eyes] That was exactly my point.
"Cursed is he who rises early in the morning..." Isiah 5:11
Because when one hands a rent controlled apartment to ones offspring, one is disposing of ones own property, not someone elses. Moron.
Funny, I can't think of a single way to read the above to mean handing over a rent-controlled apartment is disposing of some else' property, given that it says the exact opposite. If you intended it to be sarcastic, you failed completely to make that clear.
That sounds logical, but is entirely incorrect. When SUVs were new their occupants suffered more deaths per mile than any other vehicle except motorcycles; they were the least safe of any 4 wheeled vehicle. Large, top-heavy vehicles roll over easily, aren't the least bit nimble, and take longer to stop.
Most fatal accidents are from "t-boning" (side impact) and head-on collisions, which happen on undivided highways with intersections, and rollovers when the occupants aren't belted in and are ejected from the vehicle.
A smaller vehicle is easier to engineer good handling with, can stop faster and avoid an accident the big rig can't.
What saves you in an accident are seat belts, air bags, and crumple zones. If a semi t-bones you in your Hummer at 40 mph you're probably going to die and will certainly be injured.
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