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Open Well-Tempered Clavier: a Kickstarter Campaign For Open Source Bach

rDouglass writes "The Open Goldberg Variations team has launched a new project to make an open source, public domain version of J.S. Bach's Well-Tempered Clavier. The work is significant because of its enormous influence on musicians and composers throughout history. A new studio recording, a new digital MuseScore score (with support for MusicXML and MIDI), as well as all source materials (multitrack WAV, lossless FLAC) will be provided as libre and gratis downloads. New to the project are publisher GRIN Verlag, as well as record label PARMA Recordings. GRIN and PARMA will produce and distribute the physical score and double CD, even though the digital versions are to be widely available and in the public domain. Their enthusiasm for the project runs counter to the general publishing and music industry's fear of digital file sharing, and shows growing momentum for finding new models to make free music commercially sustainable."

25 of 70 comments (clear)

  1. Groundbreaking music by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2

    The 4-CD set by Andras Schiff was the first recording I ever had to save and scrimp for, when I was still back in high school, and it's been worth every penny. I had heard one track and was told the rest was great, and it is. I'm a drummer, but listening to this recording a couple hundred times is probably responsible for any melodic and harmonic sense I may have developed at that time. I haven't heard the version referenced in TFA, but it's hard to make this music sound bad. Highly recommended in principle.

    1. Re:Groundbreaking music by chuckinator · · Score: 3, Interesting

      There are great works like the Clavier that exist in all fields of studies, and it's a gift to all of mankind when a genius has the opportunity to complete a magnum opus of this calibre. Newton's Principia comes to mind as well as Da Vinci's Codex, but even newer and more modern studies have their own Book to follow. I have been criticized for my antiquated viewpoints on curating a library of masterpieces, but you either stand on the shoulders of the giants that came before you or you are forever doomed to recreate their process and most likely produce inferior results.

  2. Re:Open source? by thomasbonte · · Score: 2

    It's open source because the recording comes with the sheet music in an open digital format. Compare it the source of a picture, which is light. The source of classical music is the musical score.

  3. Re:Open source? by Hsien-Ko · · Score: 4, Insightful

    There's also the issue of ContentID (like on Youtube). Even open source and fully public domain, you'll get the likes of the "Music Publishing Rights Society" to claim and monetize from, or even worse, take down your video.

  4. Well tempered intentions by jovius · · Score: 4, Informative

    There also exists public domain recording by musopen.org, which will probably pale in comparison, but nonetheless it's great that these efforts exist.

    1. Re:Well tempered intentions by rDouglass · · Score: 2

      The current Musopen version is quite nice, and on harpsichord. This will sound totally different. It will be quite awesome, I promise.

  5. Aack! Not on a piano again! by femtobyte · · Score: 5, Interesting

    A piano is a tremendously wonderful instrument for piano music. But this (Well-Tempered Clavier) is not piano music! You can make a decent-sounding performance of clavier music on the piano, just like you can transcribe a vocal for violin, but you lose a lot of the specific things the composer --- especially a master of the instrument like Bach --- put into the work. Basically, all intricate and fast-moving detail in a piece gets mushed up and lost on the piano, which is designed for a smoother, more "blended" sound than the clearly articulated single notes of pre-piano predecessors. Please, if you want an open cultural reference to Bach's keyboard music, play it on appropriate kinds of keyboard!

    1. Re:Aack! Not on a piano again! by Atmchicago · · Score: 2

      Point taken, though Glenn Gould did an excellent job on the piano nevertheless. His technique allowed him to articulate single notes and still allow for changes in softness.

      --

      You can lead a horse to water, but you can't make it dissolve.

    2. Re:Aack! Not on a piano again! by Trepidity · · Score: 4, Informative

      It's true Bach didn't perform on a piano, though to be pedantic, the word clavier doesn't denote a specific kind of instrument. It's just a traditional name for keyboard instruments, and sometimes the piano is considered in the family. Bach himself apparently performed on both the harpsichord and clavichord, though his work is most associated with the harpsichord.

    3. Re:Aack! Not on a piano again! by sticks_us · · Score: 4, Informative

      Don't forget a lot of "piano" music we associate with Beethoven and back was written on the harpsichord and organ. The piano didn't exist.

      I'll assume you meant "Bach" -- Beethoven certainly played and composed for the piano
      (See here http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortepiano).

      As far as the suitability of playing Bach on a piano (or any other instrument) ... this controversy has been around for awhile. Striving for "historic authenticity" in performance is a relatively recent phenomenon, representing trends in Musicology and research into the construction of period instruments (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historically_informed_performance)

      Nobody probably thought much of someone releasing a recording of something like the WTC played on piano 50 years ago, but in today's artistic climate, it's regarded as being a bit tasteless, as Bach certainly wrote his contrapuntal keyboard works for the keyboards of his day (be they harpsichord, clavier, or organ).

      --
      "Beware of bugs in the above code; I have only proved it correct, not tried it." -- Donald Knuth
    4. Re:Aack! Not on a piano again! by Tablizer · · Score: 2

      fast-moving detail in a piece gets mushed up and lost on the piano...

      A compromise may be to use a "piano-forte", which is the word sometimes used to describe wooden-framed or early pianos. Some of the earlier pianos sounded half like a harpsichord and half like a modern piano because they were built out of harpsichord parts and designs.

      You don't get quite the tinny sound of a harpsichord, yet have the familiarity of the piano sound. A clavichord is another alternative, but the sound rubs some the wrong way because of peculiar secondary harmonics of adjacent strings. Thus, an early piano (or a replica) is a good compromise.

      Bach actually served as a piano-forte tester, helping early builders tune their designs. By some accounts he kept the industry alive. Pianos risked dying in obscurity because they were expensive to build by the standards of the day. (The harpsichord "plucker" mechanism is far simpler.)

      Lack of momentum could have doomed pianos, but Bach actually helped promote them once they passed his tests. Having a reputation for his keyboard playing and publisher of training exercises, his recommendations carried weight. Thus, without Bach, we may not have the piano today, at least in the form we know it.

    5. Re:Aack! Not on a piano again! by fermat1313 · · Score: 3, Insightful

      In agreement with Atmchicago, I have to disagree with you here. He wrote them for the clavichord, and that instrument has a specific sound. There are people who record on the clavichord, but as a performance instrument it's quite lacking in volume and is only appropriate for small rooms. Also, the clavichord wasn't really Bach's ideal instrument, as it gave the performer no ability to play soft and loud. Bach's writings were clear about his frustrations with this limitation, which is the main reason the Piano took off like it did.

      The key to playing Bach on the piano (as well as Mozart and lots of other pre-Romantic composers) is to use the sustain pedal sparingly if at all, to maintain the clean sound. Glenn Gould was a master at performing music with a clean sound, and there are many other pianists who do this quite well, such as Angela Hewitt.

      If you listen to Gould's 1981 recording of the Bach's Goldberg variations, he achieved (with a Yamaha piano rather than his usual Steinway) a very distinct bell-like and clean tone, very dry without a hint of the lushness and sentimentality of the "traditional" Romantic sound the modern piano was designed for. Gould was one of the best at getting this sound, but he's definitely not the only one.

    6. Re:Aack! Not on a piano again! by femtobyte · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Much of the "tinny sounding" reputation for harpsichords was due to poorly made harpsichord reproductions from the 1930's-'50s, before good scholarship on re-inventing the art of harpsichord building had been collected, so "harpsichords" were rigged together from iron-frame, metal-stringed piano parts. A variety of more modern reproduction instruments, and restored originals, indicates that members of the harpsichord family don't generally have the clanky, tinny sound associated with mid-20th-century harpsichord music (during the initial revival of interest in older musical forms). The clavier family was often closely associated with the lute --- a very "delicate" and nuanced instrument --- during its heyday.

      I think having the "limitation" of pre-piano movements (little/no control over volume from key velocity) is important to performing Bach's keyboard music "authentically" (for a "cultural reference" production), since alternate ways around that are built into the composition/performance of pieces (nuances lost on a piano), which allow proper performances to actually be quite dynamic. One can find plenty of clavier-family instruments with a more pleasing tone to modern ears than more "aggressive" examples of harpsichords, especially not "tinny sounding" poor reproduction instruments.

    7. Re:Aack! Not on a piano again! by femtobyte · · Score: 3, Insightful

      The fact that Bach's compositions reflect "frustrations with the limitations" of the instrument is probably the best argument for performing them on that instrument: built into the structure of the pieces are all the best-effort inventions to push the boundary of those limitations (which tend to get lost, or simply rendered irrelevant, in piano performances). Bach may have preferred to write and perform on a piano-forte, but he knew what instrument he was primarily writing for.

      The limitations of pre-piano keyboard instruments for large-scale performance halls don't seem to be a big problem if you're focusing on making a recording (rather than giving a big live performance). With modern recording technology, we really live in a golden age for more intimate chamber music --- you no longer have to be wealthy enough to hire a private orchestra to enjoy "small-scale" productions in the comfort of your own home on a pair of headphones or speakers. The emphasis on making instruments big and loud enough to fill a concert hall (much of the drive behind the development of the piano) is less important if most of your listeners will be via a digital recording anyway.

      I have nothing particularly against piano performances of these pieces; they can be quite enjoyable and musically well-done. Gould's work is well done, as is Ishizaka's previously released set of the Goldberg Variations. My objection here is that, if you present something as intended to be a "reference" edition for hearing and understanding Bach, that ought to include presenting the specific instrumental limitations that Bach was working with/around (rather than erasing Bach's efforts for what he "might have done" in a world where the piano became popular a few decades earlier).

  6. Re:Open source? by gl4ss · · Score: 2

    if it's really public domain you can do whatever you please with it. sell it as well.

    problem with making new public domain music - and just free to play anywhere music - is that you have to find musicians who have not signed up for some local copyright monopoly organization.. it's kinda fucked up if you think about it.

    --
    world was created 5 seconds before this post as it is.
  7. Re:Open source? by Geoffrey.landis · · Score: 3, Informative

    Le sigh.
    Open source and public domain are not mutual, nor is one needed for the other. Public domain means anyone can have it for free as long as they don't try and sell it

    No. Public domain means that it's in the public domain: that means nobody owns it, and anybody can do whatever they like with it.

    (under most licenses, EG Creative Commons),

    If you have to agree to a license to use it, it's not public domain.

    while open source means anyone can try and make it better. You can have one without the other, and vice versa.

    --
    http://www.geoffreylandis.com
  8. Re:Open source? by alexander_686 · · Score: 3, Informative

    For $500 you might get a proficient high schooled player – but not a professional musician. Then factor in rehearsal time.

    Which gets back to the “making it better” and the Creative Commons license – specially the “No Derivative Works” section. They want attribution. They don’t want people dropping out a section and replacing it with another. I think both requests are resonable.

    Remember, we are talking about classic works here. You may not be able to hear the difference between on performer verse another but those who are passionate can.

  9. Re:OK. I can do this for $50. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Starving Music Student here. I trained as a performer. IU. Got graduate school funding at Cinci, Cleveland, Julliard, and Eastman. Basically the best music schools in the nation. I chose academics rather than performance, however, because of arthritis that would cripple me by age 50. But, if you were looking for a good representative of a very compentent collegiate musician, that's me. (I've also won an audition for professional 52 week symphony orchestras, but didn't take the gig because I went into academia instead -- and those are jobs with hundreds of applicants per vacency, and that's only because thousands of wannabes don't even bother sending a tape to actually win an audition)

    I wouldn't dream of making a recording of key pieces in the repertory of my instrument. (Viola/Violin) Nobody would want to hear it. I sure wouldn't do something like the WTK (If I were a pianist) or the Cello Suites/Violin Sonatas and Partitas. Sure, I've performed them all more than once, and can teach them all, but I wouldn't dare put a microphone in front of me. And, I wouldn't dio it for 500 bucks. I wouldn't even take that for just one of the suites/sonatas/partitas. (It takes a long time to prepare something to that level, even though I know them quite intimately) I don't even leave my house to play at a gig for less than 150 bucks. That's a crappy wedding or a funeral. If you want me to go to a rehearsal, it's at least a hundred more. (Still cheaper than most tradesmen though)

    You have obviously not rented a recording studio. Even a crappy one is expensive. Try gettting access to a really great piano for free too. Even if we have your utopia of cheapo student playing in a recital hall at their university with a crappy microphone, the student workers recording the WTK getting work/study wages, with the many hours that this would take, would cost more than 500 bucks.

    TL;DR -- Starving Music Student=not good enough for people with an ear. Recording studios are expensive. It's impressive how cheaply they can do this already!

    Get off my lawn.

  10. This will destroy the industry by BenSchuarmer · · Score: 4, Funny

    Why would this J. S. Bach guy write any more music if people are just going to steal it?

    1. Re:This will destroy the industry by steelfood · · Score: 3, Funny

      He hasn't put out any new work in many years. Nor have other greats such as Mozart, Beethoven, Brahms, Chopin, and Liszt.

      This is definitive proof that piracy has killed the output of these famous, world-renowned composers and performers!

      --
      "If a nation expects to be ignorant and free in a state of civilization, it expects what never was and never will be."
  11. Werner had the right idea. by deviated_prevert · · Score: 5, Informative
    Werner Icking started an archive years ago for the purpose of making public domain editions available online. The huge selection of Bach's music is already there available for all to use. I use the violin partitas and sonatas, cello sonatas and some of the solo keyboard works of Bach all the time as a reference and for study. Many who contributed used Lilypond and MusiXTeX to set the scores. MIDI files are terrible for the purpose of notating polyphonic music like Bach. It is a digital toy essentially and never truly represents accurate notation.

    Companies like Peters that do sell good accurate scores of Bach are so behind the times they literally cannot see the forest because the trees are still being cut down. It is entirely possible for them to distribute decent editions for sale in e-pub and the technology to put scores on e-ink could be made usable with essentially e-reader technology that is score sized instead of pocket book. I would gladly pay for a decent music e-ink reader that would work on my music stand. The information age is slogging along and eventually the real potential of digital music notation will happen. But unfortunately we still have those who have their heads up their assets in the music publishing industry.

    Werner was a stickler for accurate notation and much of what is there on the historic digital archive, especially the Bach section, is very accurate. Unfortunately since his death others have corrupted what he started and some of the archive is not good or even accurate notation, however most of the Bach is excellent and done by people who understand the importance of accuracy in music notation. Many of the scores adhere to original source where ever possible. Which can be very difficult as in the time of the great champions of Bach's music during the late classical era much of Bach's sheet music had fallen into oblivion.

    For instance a friend of Felix Mendelssohn actually found music scores by Bach being used by a butcher to wrap meats! So the digitizing for all time of all our great heritage of written music is as important as project Gutenberg. Werner understood this as many others do and either the existing music publishing houses will get on board or they will be a footnote in the history of written music.

    --
    This message was not sent from an iPhone because Peter Sellers really was a deviated prevert without a dime for the call
    1. Re:Werner had the right idea. by rDouglass · · Score: 2

      Yes - and the score that we're going to make goes to 11 in comparison. Because it's digital, meaning "source code", not just a printed PDF. Check this out - it's important for the understanding of what we're doing: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7zHey9x8Xuc

  12. The problem here,,, by westlake · · Score: 2

    is that audiences are not interested in an academic reference recording of Bach but in the richly varied interpretations of artists each with their own gifts --- using arrangements of their own choice, instruments of their own choice, in a venue of their own choice.

    It is like trying to capture Shakespeare in a bottle.

    Uncork the thing and what you will get is a performance wholly typical of the acting style and staging of the year the play was recorded.

    1. Re:The problem here,,, by deviated_prevert · · Score: 2

      is that audiences are not interested in an academic reference recording of Bach but in the richly varied interpretations of artists each with their own gifts --- using arrangements of their own choice, instruments of their own choice, in a venue of their own choice.

      It is like trying to capture Shakespeare in a bottle.

      If you watch Glen Gould going over Peters editions at Columbia Records during recording sessions you would fully understand the importance of scholarly work to preserve musical scores. Without decent editions of sheet music for musicians to interpret in the first place there would be no great recordings. Many great Jazz musicians use Bach's music for melodic and harmonic inspiration, as have many composers over the centuries. Jaco Pastorius whom many consider the greatest improvising bassist of all time, would sit and sight read just the bass cleff of Bachs work to work on his chops. A music teacher looks at a student and says to the parent "yes your child has talent, but does (he or she) have a talent for work?", the same thing applies to musical inspiration which mostly comes from a talent for study and work in the first place. If you pick up a piece of Bach and cannot find a groove or riff somewhere in it then you should seriously consider giving up on music!

      --
      This message was not sent from an iPhone because Peter Sellers really was a deviated prevert without a dime for the call
  13. Re:Open source? by enilnomi · · Score: 5, Informative

    The artist, Kimiko Ishizaka, is easily at-or-above par with Juilliard students. The producer, Anne-Marie Sylvestre, is A-OK at what she does. The studio and staff are top-notch. The instrument will be kick-ass. Etc.

    And, there's a track record for this project -- the Goldberg Variations recordings they've already done are fine.

    Maybe you have an axe to grind with Drupal geeks? ;-)

    --
    education is no substitute for intelligence