How Perl and R Reveal the United States' Isolation In the TPP Negotiations
langelgjm writes "As /. reported, last Thursday Wikileaks released a draft text of the intellectual property chapter in the Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement. Since then, many commentators have raised alarm about its contents. But what happens when you mix the leaked text together with Perl regular expressions and R's network analysis packages? You get some neat visualizations showing just how isolated the United States is in pushing for extreme copyright and patent laws."
"In summary, what can we conclude from these data? Canada, with by far the most sole-country proposals, seems like it is up to something." Those shifty Canadians. I knew it.
Spent All My Mod Points
Please let there be a lack of groupthink
somewhere, on a Big Red Sign:
if(color==blue){speed--;}
In summary, what can we conclude from these data? Canada, with by far the most sole-country proposals, seems like it is up to something.
Right, "Canada is up to something" is a great way to report on international negotiations. Okay, they've taken the geek approach of grepping through the drafts instead of reading it in full (fair enough), but at least they could have extracted whatever keywords appear after "Canada" and "oppose" / "propose", to figure out the something it's up to. It's not hard in Perl, gee...
"A door is what a dog is perpetually on the wrong side of" - Ogden Nash
Here is the original article with a little more technical detail. To those interested (like me) what was Perl doing there, it was just a single line script with regex. The rest is R.
I thought I was always supposed to praise Canada over the US ... yet they lead us in "sole country" proposals, supposedly an awful, cowboyish thing ... ugh, my Slashdot head must asplode!
...until I actually got to know it. While the political rhetoric is more even-handed and they do have a proper health service, the country is all about big business, just like the US.
Against Intellectual Monopoly
https://mises.org/store/Product2.aspx?ProductId=552&AFID=14
"Kill 'em all and let Root sort 'em out"
It's just Mayor Rob Ford's plan to go oot the hoose and take the world off to a the great, white, crystalline North. Beauty, eh?
Get thee glass eyes, and, like a scurvy politician, seem to see things thou dost not.--King Lear
Living in one of the sheep countries, I'm quite worried. I don't actually see anything really to gain from this negotiation, but lots to lose. Our copyright law already was changed 10+ years ago with some obvious US input (DMCA stuff). And it was not for the better.
What do we get out of this? Access to the US market? It's not certain the USA will be able to keep buying everything. You're already living off credit and printing money (and exporting inflation to the rest of the world via the petrodollar - so you buy but you're buying a fair bit with printed dollars!).
The US is being gently pushed ( nudged ) into a beginning of rrelevance. Has already been going on for a couple of years: computer technology, aerospace tech, politics. NSA scandal accelerated it. The sun is going down over US America.
Religous speak to God. Insane are spoken to by God. When all shut up, one can finally hear Shostakovich in peace
If you take a simplistic view then US would rather the countries who have Chagas as a major medical problem either die or impoverish themselves for US created treatment. I'd revile the US for that alone.
"Wait. Something's happening. It's opening up! My God, it's full of apricots!"
I thought I was always supposed to praise Canada over the US ... yet they lead us in "sole country" proposals, supposedly an awful, cowboyish thing ... ugh, my Slashdot head must asplode!
Narrator:"... And thus cascadingstylesheet did realise that garnering his opinion from the surmisings of others was folly, and set about remedying his ways by sourcing evidence himself and forming opinion based upon fact, not conjecture."
Finally had enough. Come see us over at https://soylentnews.org/
A negotiation is possible only when both parties can benefit.
I want to delete my account but Slashdot doesn't allow it.
I didn't know what you were talking about until I disabled ad-block for the page. Yeesh. Most of those "headlines" are ads.
And the reason is because the US is once again asking for a one-sided treaty which exalts their stuff, and tries to make the rest of the world subject to their demands.
Fuck you America. Fuck you.
cool really
porn
Can we drop the nonsense that TPP is a 'free trade agreement?' A free trade agreement would be very simple. Don't bomb us or torture our citizens, and you can trade freely with us. TPP undermines free trade by forcing countries into even further support of anti-capitalism legal monopolies as a condition for not restricting trade.
This is my signature. There are many like it, but this one is mine.
Yah you know me!
"Freedom in the USA is not the ability to do what you want. It is the ability to stop others from doing what THEY want"
When I looked at the map, I saw the following countries were missing from the list (plus lots of Oceania countries): Russia, China, Taiwan, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, East Timor, Fiji, Ecuador, Colombia, Panama, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, El Salvador, Guatemala.
Isn't it odd that at least Russia, China, Taiwan, Indonesia and Panama are excluded? I'd imagine they do lots of trade across the Pacific Ocean (for Panama I meant transport rather than production).
To be, or not to be: isn't that quite logical, Slashdot Beta?
Political scientists often talk about dyads, by which we simply mean groups of two. ... If we did this for every possible dyad, we could compare the frequency of dyads and get a sense of how often countries’ negotiating positions overlap.
I hope the above quote from the TFA may answer what you are looking for when you look at the chart on the TFA...
More importantly why is there is no link to the Perl, regexs, and R code used to analyse the data and consequently allowed the the PhD candidate to draw such conclusions?
Just looking at the graphs, it appears Japan is approximately as isolated as the U.S.
Mod parent up, and ask him if he can also write haiku.
Hi, I'm the author of the article. Thanks for reading it. Originally I thought I might extract the "oppose/propose" and attach it to country names, but I didn't for a number of reasons.
First, as you note, "oppose/propose" by itself tells us very little without knowing the content of what is being opposed/proposed. But even if we do know the content, without the context it may still convey little. E.g., we might find "[US propose: a]" or "[CA oppose: the]". I thought about using Perl's extract_bracketed (and actually did at first), but decided against it.
Second, anyone familiar with these issues already knows where the countries line up. The US is pushing extreme IP laws. Australia doesn't necessarily agree, but follows along in many cases. Canada often tries to do its own thing (e.g., they were one of the only countries to take advantage of a TRIPS provision allowing them to manufacture an on-patent drug and export it to a developing country without manufacturing capacity). So showing people this information wouldn't necessarily add much value.
"Anyone who [rips a CD] is probably engaging in copyright infringement." - David O. Carson
Author of the article here. You're right, I meant it to be a little funny. As I noted to the GP, most people studying these issues already know where the countries line up. Canada has a history of being different on IP issues than the US (much to the US's chagrin - it's why we put them on the Special 301 "priority watch list" in 2012).
"Anyone who [rips a CD] is probably engaging in copyright infringement." - David O. Carson
In my travels in Europe and Asia, I am amazed at how often I run across US products. Not manufactured, but copyrighted. Most movies are American. Most people use language specific versions of American websites. People Google things. The hang out on Facebook. Many of the items they used, though made elsewhere, were designed an copyrighted in the US. So yes, the copyright laws to protect these ideas would be lopsided.
Here's a link with more technical detail. I had to tone down the technical aspects for the Washington Post.
That link does not have full code, but if you want, I can e-mail it to you (I already have for two other people). I didn't post the code online because I wanted to keep track of who was asking for it. But I'm happy to share it.
"Anyone who [rips a CD] is probably engaging in copyright infringement." - David O. Carson
Hi, I'm the author of the article. I have read the text (well, not all of it, just the portions relevant to my research - mostly copyright and pharmaceutical data exclusivity aspects, as well as the traditional knowledge article). However, I'm not a lawyer, and many lawyers have already analyzed the legal aspects of the text. That's why I linked to Margot Kaminski, Michael Geist, etc. in the article.
I thought my analysis would be valuable if it did something the lawyers were not (and could not) do.
"Anyone who [rips a CD] is probably engaging in copyright infringement." - David O. Carson
That specific line was actually written by the editor, not by me. I would not agree that the US and Japan (mostly the US, though) will have trouble shaping the document the way they want. In fact, the US has shaped the document to its preferences to a large degree already.
But, it is more complex than simply the US getting what it wants. The US can't force anyone to sign this agreement. There have to be benefits in other areas for these countries to trade away IP issues. Unfortunately we don't have texts from the other chapters, so we don't really know what these might be. Also, the fact that there is a draft article on traditional knowledge indicates that some of the parties are pushing back with their own preferences (though I think that particular article has zero chance of making it into an agreement).
"Anyone who [rips a CD] is probably engaging in copyright infringement." - David O. Carson
Well, to be honest, I wanted to get it posted to /., so I thought I'd highlight the fact that OSS made it possible.
"Anyone who [rips a CD] is probably engaging in copyright infringement." - David O. Carson
Um, part the reason Japan and the US have such large economies is because of those "sheep".
Wolves aren't worth shit if the sheep have fucked off elsewhere (Europe, China) and left them to starve.
All those countries you call sheep have largely very healthy economies whilst Japan and the US are burdened with debt. Japan and the US need this sort of agreement to help their economies grow so that they can service their debts. The "sheep" are just fighting for a growing economy to boost their standards of living, the "wolves" are fighting for their very survival - i.e. avoiding bankruptcy. Guess which is more important?
That happens to me occasionally with Firefox and the Washington Post. If I refresh the page, it usually fixes itself.
"Anyone who [rips a CD] is probably engaging in copyright infringement." - David O. Carson
Author of the article here. Michael Simeone from the University of Illinois asked for my data and code so that he could experiment with some D3 visualizations. He did a little bit last night, and I thought I'd share the results.
"Anyone who [rips a CD] is probably engaging in copyright infringement." - David O. Carson
I've never used Python, though I did read this article from R-bloggers yesterday that made me think I should probably start learning it.
I used Perl mostly because it's what I grew up with, though I rarely do that kind of coding anymore.
"Anyone who [rips a CD] is probably engaging in copyright infringement." - David O. Carson
Canada, with by far the most sole-country proposals, seems like it is up to something.
Doesn't the raw number of sole-country proposals seem like the wrong metric? It seems more sensible to divide the number of sole-country proposals by the total number of proposals for that country to see what fraction of its proposals have no support from other countries. From the next to last graph, it seems that Canada has both a lot of sole-country proposals and a lot of joint proposals. If the fraction of Canada's proposals that are sole proposals is not particularly high, the large number of Canadian sole-country proposals would just reflect them making a lot of proposals in general -- you might conclude that they are just putting more effort into getting the treaty right (in their opinion) than other countries. I only skimmed the article -- did I miss something?
Anyway, interesting analysis. Unfortunate that the Washington Post didn't make the graphs available in a format that is large enough to read the labels.
P.S. I'm not Canadian.
Newsflash: geek website uses specialized geek terminology.
The submitter presumably thought that enough people on /. should be familiar with R, the most popular statistical programming language, or from the context (i.e. R is mentioned together with Perl), would infer that it's a language, and google, "r language", or something along those lines. These assumptions seem pretty reasonable. Here's a bit of help:
http://www.r-project.org/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R_(programming_language)
The Canadian *people* are more vocal about IP issues. The government has been ramming US-style copyright down our throat whenever possible, even to the extent of secretly suggesting the US put us on the 301 list in order to induce stronger copyright enforcement in Canada...
Actually, the graphs did not entirely match what I expected to see. I expected far more concordance between the US and Australia, the US and Japan, and Australia and New Zealand than what I actually saw. I wrote the analysis after generating the graphs in an attempt to explain what I was seeing. FWIW, one of the reasons I did this was to contribute something to the discussion of the TPP that was actually based on data, rather than just a general "feel" one gets after reading the leaked text.
I did note in the article that Japan appears to be just as isolated. But I don't know how Japanese businesses influence their government nearly as well as how I know US businesses influence the U.S. Trade Representative, so I didn't focus on that in the article.
As for the Peru/Chile statement, I called such connections "natural" based primarily on geographical proximity or shared languages. I think it's entirely reasonable to expect more overlap of positions in an international trade negotiation between countries on the same continent, speaking the same language, than between far-flung continents with totally different languages. Such a connection doesn't mean anything more than that the countries agree on an issue in the text.
"Anyone who [rips a CD] is probably engaging in copyright infringement." - David O. Carson
It's just Harper vacuuming Obama's balls dry, shilling for the US by doing the dirty work of introducing all the crap the US wants in there, but this way, it makes the agreement seem more 'international' instead of primarily being dictated solely by the US.
Sleep your way to a whiter smile...date a dentist!
13 years for patent with one renewal during the life of the human who patented it (corporations were not mentioned in the US Constitution even though they predate America).
17 years for copyright with one extension during the life (or year of death if married or having children) of the human who wrote something.
All else is fiction.
-- Tigger warning: This post may contain tiggers! --
In statistics we use R and S as packages, mostly R.
-- Tigger warning: This post may contain tiggers! --
Why are countries like Australia, Canada and others supporting this kind of crap?
These kinds of trade agreements give greater powers to big US IP holders (Hollywood, big pharma etc etc etc), they dont give any of the reductions in agricultural protectionism that countries like Australia want and they probably have very little benefit in terms of actually reducing trade barriers.
So why don't countries like Australia say "no, we wont sign up to a treaty that gives a whole pile of benefits to big US corporations and almost zero benefits to us"?
Its not like the US is holding a gun to their backs forcing them to sign.
USA is also working on the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership with the EU. That one is supposed to be done in 2015, and it seems surrounded by much more secrecy.
Was the sarcasm really not evident? Wow.