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New Russian Fighter Not Up To Western Standards

schwit1 writes "Despite initial high expectations, the Indian Air Force appears to be souring on a joint development deal with Russia for a new fifth-generation fighter jet, according to the Business Standard, a major Indian business publication. The Russian prototype is 'unreliable, its radar inadequate, its stealth features badly engineered,' said Indian Air Force Deputy Air Marshall S Sukumar at a Jan. 15 meeting, according to minutes obtained by the Business Standard. 'They're very good at building airplanes,' Cordesman said. 'The problem that Russia, since the collapse of the former Soviet Union, has been putting out the military equivalent of show cars. They look good, but it isn't always clear how practical they are and how many of the specifications they can actually meet.'"

30 of 354 comments (clear)

  1. Hrm... by AdamColley · · Score: 5, Insightful

    From model villages to model aircraft eh?

    1. Re:Hrm... by mendax · · Score: 5, Insightful

      What surprises me is the implication that this is something new. The Soviet jets seldom if ever met the specs of similar Western planes, and pretty much never met the claims made for them.

      Well, historically, that has been true to a point. Originally, early jet fighters from the Soviet Union were hot stuff. The MiG-15 was the equal of the American F-86, more or less. But later, Russian fighters were later designed with the idea that they would be simpler to build and fix. The combat strategy was that they would overwhelm Western air forces in battle by sheer numbers. This theory seemed to change with the development of the MiG-29 which is a pretty good fighter when there is a good pilot sitting at the sharp end.

      There is another analogue of this thinking. The German Sturmgewehr 44, the first assault rifle, was a good weapon but overly complicated. The Russian AK-47 is not as accurate but is more reliable and easier to manufacture because it has fewer parts and was designed to work when wet, dirty, muddy, etc. I dare say that jammed weapon is not much of a weapon no matter how well-engineered.

      Keep in mind that the Russians can build good military equipment if they want to. The Germans in World War II learned that fact the hard way. German military equipment and vehicles was good and well-engineered but was not designed to operate in the bitter cold. Russian equipment was designed to operate in the cold and the rest is history.

      --
      It's really quite a simple choice: Life, Death, or Los Angeles.
    2. Re:Hrm... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Informative

      Soviets were prone to make lofty claims about their equipment

      True. I am an reserve officer of Serbian Army. When we learned about Soviet/Russian equipment, we always learned two values - declared value (e.g. range) and actual value proved in practice.

    3. Re:Hrm... by hairyfeet · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Actually even the Russians admit the Germans were kicking their asses for the first year, until Hitler made a huge blunder that was practically suicidal. Stalin had refused to vacate Moscow so they had the chance to grab him and pretty much end the war but Hitler took Army group Center and split it in half, believing he could grab the oil fields in the south AND Moscow. this was a foolish move that caused his troops to get bogged down until the winter which they just weren't ready for.

      Look up "Soviet Storm" on YouTube, its made by Russian TV and is as good a quality as Battle 360 when it comes to re-enactments and they don't pull any punches, they talk about when soviet strategy was wrong, when commanders failed, and when the Germans were doing well. its an unblinking look at the Eastern front and pretty damned riveting.

      --
      ACs don't waste your time replying, your posts are never seen by me.
  2. To be fair by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    They haven't had quite as much opportunities to field-test their designs as the Americans.

    1. Re:To be fair by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Yup, all those wars in the Mid East serve as great testing grounds. It's a pity loads of troops die in the process of testing, but hey you can't let morals get in the way of profits.

  3. So a good match... by TWX · · Score: 4, Insightful

    ...for the current development level of the F-35?

    In all seriousness, as compromised as the F-35 has been in what's been delivered to customers so far, it sounds like it'd be a fairly even match. Compromised plane against compromised plane.

    And don't rule out older designs, the military used to train pilots in new planes by pitting them against experienced pilots in F4s and other older jets, and routinely the older jets would get kills against the new ones.

    --
    Do not look into laser with remaining eye.
    1. Re:So a good match... by Frosty+Piss · · Score: 5, Interesting

      So long as your Air Force is made up of nothing but experienced pilots, you'll do fine then.

      One (of many) reasons that the US military sucks up so much money is that our pilots train continuously. In the C17, pilots do not reach the Aircraft Commander level until 4 or 5 *years* after putting on wings. Obviously, fighters have a different training program, but clearly huge amounts of continuous training are involved. So, yes, in practical terms, the operational Air Force is made up of almost nothing but experienced pilots.

      --
      If you want news from today, you have to come back tomorrow.
    2. Re:So a good match... by 0123456 · · Score: 5, Informative

      If you read the history books, you'll also see how the F-4 was going to destroy all opposing aircraft with missiles, so it would never need a gun because they'd never get close enough.

      Once it actually got into actual combat in the actual real world, there were sudden orders for a gun pod for close-in dogfights.

      The F-22 may be able to hit less stealthy aircraft with missiles from well beyond visual range, but that doesn't help if the rules of engagement won't let them fire missiles at random dots on a radar screen. Also, I was reading recently about new IR trackers which can detect F-22s from well beyond radar range, making radar stealth far less useful.

    3. Re:So a good match... by hairyfeet · · Score: 5, Insightful

      And its all because of that damned stealth which cripples the HELL out of the aircraft! The ONLY advantage it gives you is on sneaking up, that's it, and in return for the sneaking up? 1.- no external hardpoints means you can't carry shit for stores, 2.- this cuts down loiter times to joke levels, 3.- it limits your new toy to a couple of missiles at best, 4.- it drives the costs to insane levels thanks to the exotic materials and perfectly flush seams required.

      Frankly we are making the same mistake that Germany made in WWII, as we are making planes that are extremely complex, have very low flight to maintenance ratios, spend more time on the ground being worked on than anything else,can't afford to have more than a handful built making spare parts costs soar, and are ignoring the fact that any potential enemies are gonna be able to pick up the MiG 29s and SU35s for a song thus enabling them to "plane spam" us with planes that can carry a hell of a lot more stores than our techno turkies ever can.

      If we HAVE to buy stealth toys? The stealth eagle can be had for a song, eagles are reliable, when you don't need the stealth it can carry a ton of stores and most importantly we get the line cranked we could easily have 2 or even 3 of those for every F35 which they STILL haven't been able to show will actually work with any reliability. Its the F22 all over again and all TFA does is show me that stealth is just a bad idea with current tech. the Chinese are likewise finding this out, with their F22 copy ending up on the "for sale cheap" pile because after trying it the Chinese air force don't want it.

      --
      ACs don't waste your time replying, your posts are never seen by me.
    4. Re:So a good match... by Antique+Geekmeister · · Score: 5, Informative

      And if you can afford it, it really pays off. Take a good look at what the highly trained, badly outnumbered Israeli air force did to to the Egyptian, Syrian, and Iraqi air force during the Six Day War. The Soviet trainers of those national air forces there were explicitly prevented from providing extensive training and from keeping the aircraft fully fueled and armed. The constant concern was that educated, trained local pilots would steal the planes and fly to NATO airbases, for both economic and political reasons. The list of successful pilot defections during the time is quite long:

              http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L...

      It's an amazing list, and purchasers of Soviet aircraft of the era were constantly handicapped by the risk of the best trained and educated pilots defecting.

    5. Re:So a good match... by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 4, Insightful

      One (of many) reasons that the US military sucks up so much money is that our pilots train continuously.

      Yet another reason to move to pilotless planes. Drones don't need training, they just need to be programmed.

    6. Re:So a good match... by Luckyo · · Score: 5, Interesting

      That one is actually feasible. The most distinguishing feature of Rafale is that they have a fully integrated (advertised as) revolutionary electronic warfare suite called SPECTRA. This proved itself well in Libya, where there were two kinds of NATO attack sorties. Those where aircraft were escorted by dedicated electronic warfare aircraft like Prowlers and Growlers, and those where Rafales went in without. The task of electronic warfare aircraft is to jam enemy radar guided missiles. They are the main force responsible for high survivability of NATO aircraft in recent conflicts.

      F-22 is highly reliant on its radar guided missiles to do the job. It's a pretty bad dogfighter as dogfighting would put emphasis on maneuvreability and F-22 is designed for stealth first and foremost. Rafale is designed for speed and superagility, so it's meant for dogfights. If Rafale's integrated electronic warfare suite is indeed powerful enough to disrupt F-22's radar guided missiles as it's rumoured to be, F-22 is going to be boned very hard in a duel against it. If both sides are able to render radar guided missile attacks useless, guns and IR seekers come into play and that puts F-22 at a massive disadvantage.

      The historic analogy here is ninja vs samurai. If a ninja could get a sneak kill, he would win. But a frontal fight against a heavily armoured and armed samurai is a suicide for a ninja.

    7. Re:So a good match... by Luckyo · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Doing so makes them into very expensive and very inefficient fighters. Not to even mention F-35 which has massive issues with its external hardpoints right now, ranging from not having enough thrust to function as a fighter with full external loadout to actually destroying its engine trying to achieve maneuvreability and acceleration on par with F-4, much less a modern 4th gen aircraft.

      F-35 program is a complete mess right now, and honestly not a good comparison point to anything that is actually functional. Same goes for most post USSR Russian military aircraft development.

    8. Re:So a good match... by Frosty+Piss · · Score: 5, Informative

      Yet another reason to move to pilotless planes. Drones don't need training, they just need to be programmed.

      *Some* drones are pilot-less, mostly high altitude reconesonce drones. *Most* US drones in fact have qualified pilots at the controls, sitting in control rooms at places like Creech Air Force Base, outside of Las Vegas. Creech is both a training / testing base for drones, as well as a Command and Control location where actual pilots sit in rooms controlling drones in "real-time".

      --
      If you want news from today, you have to come back tomorrow.
    9. Re:So a good match... by Frosty+Piss · · Score: 4, Insightful

      In practical terms, no, the operational Air Force is anything *but* made up of experienced pilots. You have a significant fraction that are relatively new (less than two or three years experience). You also have a significant fraction that have (within a year or so) just returned from non-flying duties.

      I disagree. But hey, I've only worked in operational flying for the USAF for around 20 years. Maybe I'm wrong.

      --
      If you want news from today, you have to come back tomorrow.
    10. Re:So a good match... by rotorbudd · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Wasn't it Stalin that said "Quantity has a quality all it's own" when the Allies told him USSR's equipment was inferior?

      --
      A bullet may have your name on it, but artillery is addressed to " Whom It May concern"
    11. Re:So a good match... by philip.paradis · · Score: 4, Funny

      I read "defect" as "defecate" at first, and was solemnly nodding my head in agreement, as that would be difficult to cover up.

      --
      Write failed: Broken pipe
    12. Re:So a good match... by SpankiMonki · · Score: 4, Informative

      That barely scratches the surface. Consider the time on jets, fuel, maintenance, support operations, etc. Once you add in actual secondary costs the cost is very very high.

      It's true that the line item "Flight Training" in the USAF's 2014 budget likely doesn't include any of those costs. But even if you add in the entire "Air Operations" budget of $6,730B, you still only arrive at 5.2% of the USAF total. And the total "Air Operations" budget includes a lot more than support costs for training alone.

      Disclaimer: I've never worked for the USAF, but I am an accountant familiar with GAAP for government/NFP. (well, I was...I'm semi-retired)

    13. Re:So a good match... by SpankiMonki · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Hey, I'm just working off of the USAF pro-formas. : )

      Fuel (and other direct/indirect expenses) are booked to "Air Operations", then a portion of those costs are allocated to training for reporting purposes. So yes, the $792M figure for training doesn't represent all the costs associated with training. And you're right, $792M isn't even close to the "real" number once all the expenses are allocated.

      I would however point out that even if one adds the entire 2014 USAF Air Operations budget to the $792M Flight Training budget, it still only amounts to a little over 5% of the total USAF budget for FY2014. So I think my original (clumsily made) point still stands.

      But I'm becoming argumentative. I certainly defer to your experience in any case.

      Cheers!

  4. Reap what you sow by rmdingler · · Score: 4, Interesting
    While no nation's government is free of political graft, Mother Russia is a Kleptocracy of the highest order.

    Not that long ago, the Soviets were on the leading edge of science and technology. Nowadays, a fat military contract gets lean in a hurry once all the palms are greased.

    --
    Happiness in intelligent people is the rarest thing I know.

    Ernest Hemingway

    1. Re:Reap what you sow by PPH · · Score: 4, Funny

      So the Russians are learning lessons well from the decadent western capitalists.

      --
      Have gnu, will travel.
  5. and you have to think in Russian to use it by Joe_Dragon · · Score: 4, Funny

    and you have to think in Russian to use it

  6. In post-Soviet Russia, bank robs YOU! by Chas · · Score: 4, Interesting

    In one of the articles about this, I read that Russia has done the equivalent of building show cars.

    Sure, the prototypes look great.

    But they're not sustainable, serviceable or even functional most of the time.
    And there's no way in hell they can be delivered for what the Russians are charging.

    What they're REALLY doing is playing the long con. They hook you up front. Then gradually bleed more and more money out of you to deliver what you promised.

    Ask India about the Admiral Gorshkov.

    And since they're holding all the cards, and you've sunk all that money into it already...

    They've been pulling this crap for the last 25-30 years.

    The only time you get your money's worth is when you want something cheap, simple and produced in massive quantities. Essentially, disposable.

    Then, the Russian defense industry can churn stuff out faster than anyone but maybe China or the US.

    --


    Chas - The one, the only.
    THANK GOD!!!
  7. Re:When an F22 can't give its pilots oxygen... by DMUTPeregrine · · Score: 5, Informative

    Essentially it seems to be a problem with the entire concept of "fifth generation" fighters. The idea that you can have useful all-aspect stealth without sacrificing performance in other areas is ridiculous with current technology. The PAK FA (Russian version) sacrifices stealth for performance, the HAL/PMF (Indian version) changes the avionics and tries to add more stealth features. No 5th gen fighter has lived up to its manufacturer's promises of "invisible, supermanuverable ultra plane!!! At a reasonable price!!!" They're all over budget with worse performance than promised. The F-35 is an un-stealthy brick, in the variants that actually work. It also costs as much as an F-22, if not more. The F-22 was cancelled because it cost too much. The PAK FA is a 4th gen fighter with some front-aspect stealth tacked on, and better avionics, including anti-stealth radar. It's probably also going to be the cheapest of the lot.

    --
    Not a sentence!
  8. There is an old anecdote by mjwx · · Score: 5, Interesting

    That the AK47 and 74 rifles that the Russians would sell to others would have a chamber that was slightly too small so that if they picked up rounds from dead Russian soldiers they would not work in the foreign soldiers rifles.

    I dont know if that was true, but it could easily be the same story here. India is potentially a rising power and with their experience with China, the Russians may be uneasy about providing the Indians with a powerful weapon. In this case the Indians are smart enough to realise it and powerful enough to confront the Russians.

    Of course there's still the old adage, never blame malice for what can easily be explained by stupidity. The stealth fighter had very difficult requirements and rather than admit they couldn't produce the goods, it was easier to present the Indians with a fighter that clearly didn't meet the specifications.

    In either case, I dont blame the Indians for being upset.

    --
    Calling someone a "hater" only means you can not rationally rebut their argument.
  9. Re:not invented here. by PPH · · Score: 4, Funny

    Perhaps because members of the Russian Air Force don't like working in labor camps in Siberia.

    --
    Have gnu, will travel.
  10. Monkey Models by Distan · · Score: 4, Interesting

    The Russians have a very long history of selling inferior versions of weaponry to their allies. They call these inferior versions the "monkey models". That's all that is going on here.

  11. Re:Hrm...fuck off by Gorshkov · · Score: 5, Insightful

    model villages to model aircraft - an (obvious, I think) reference to Potemkin Villages. And a damned good comparison, at that.

  12. Re:On par with F22 and F35 by ebno-10db · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Pierre Spray, the lead designer of the F16 and of the A10

    Sprey was not the chief designer, despite his claims. As a member of the fighter mafia in the 1960's, he did have some influence on their design. Even the influence of the fighter mafia as a whole has been exaggerated. John Boyd's work on OODA hand E-M in the 1950's and early '60's was excellent and highly influential. However, when he created the informal fighter mafia group in the 1960's, along with Christie, Riccioni, Hillaker and Sprey, they emphasized dogfighting above all else, as though these newfangled radars and missiles would never be of any value. Their cause got a boost from the problems with the original F-4, without a gun and with poor maneuverability. However, they were far from the only people that noticed that there was a problem. These days Sprey spends his time "analyzing" military equipment as though nothing had changed in the last 40+ years, and exaggerating his own role in the past.